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Earth and Life Science Q1 Week 4
Earth and Life Science Q1 Week 4
MAGMATISM
for Earth & Life Science/Grade 11
Quarter 1 / Module 4
FOREWORD
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OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
K: Explain where Earth’s internal heat comes from.
S: Enumerate the different ways on how magma is generated.
Classify magma according to its properties.
A: Recognize the important role of Earth’s internal heat in the
natural cycle.
LEARNING COMPTENCIES:
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I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-ACTIVITIES/PRE-TEST:
5
the core. At the base of the crust, the temperature is
approximately 1000°C, about 3500°C at the base of the mantle
and is estimated to 6000°C at the center of the Earth.
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The history of Earth’s accretion did not stop there. Three other
major accretion events happened. First, less than 100 million years
after the Earth’s initial formation, Earth, and Theia (a planet, with an
original mass of about 15–45 percent of Earth’s original mass)
merged, increasing Earth’s mass, thus, producing the Moon. This
merging event was considered the most significant after Earth’s
initial formation and had vastly added to Earth’s heat-bank.
Secondly, after the Moon-forming event, Earth received a “late
veneer”-a bombardment by large asteroids and comets. Lastly,
about 3.9 billion years ago, Earth received the late heavy
bombardment of large asteroids and comets.
2. Frictional heating
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Radioactive elements are considered as the major source of
Earth’s internal heat. In the early days about 100 million years, its
radiogenic heat was dominated by short-half-life radioisotopes such
as aluminum-26, cesium-135, hafnium-182, iron-60, neptunium237,
technetium-97, and plutonium-244. When it decays, it releases high
amount of energy.
What is magma?
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Figure 3. Difference between magma and lava
Source: https://earthhow.com/lava-magma-difference/
Magma and lava are among of the few words that we often
interchanged but technically, these two words mean different. As
shown in figure 3, the main difference between magma and lava is
its environment. The former is within the interior of the Earth while the
latter is at the surface.
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Where does magma originated?
Source: https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-middle-school-earth-science-flexbook-
2.0/section/7.4/primary/lesson/magma-composition-at-volcanoes-ms-es
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Ways to Generate Magma
1. Decompression Melting
2. Increase in Temperature
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3. Flux Melting
Types of Magma
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Andesitic Andesite 55-65 SiO2 %, 800 - Intermediate Intermediate
or Intermediate 1000°C
Intermediate in Fe, Mg, Ca,
Na, K
Felsic Rhyolite 65-75 SiO2 650 - High High
or %, low in Fe, 800°C
Rhyolitic Mg, Ca,
high in K,
Na.
Source: geologyin.com/2015/08/magma-characteristics-types-sources-and.html (with slight
modification in viscosity)
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Figure 6. Volcanic Eruptions
II. Filling the blanks. Supply the missing word or words that will
complete the sentence.
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REFERENCES
Carlson, Diane H.,Plummer, Charles. C., & Hammersley, Lisa. (2011). Physical
Geology Earth Revealed. 9th ed. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221
Avenue of American, New York, NY10020 , 288-289
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL
SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
ADOLF P. AGUILAR
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)
ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
Education Program Supervisor – (SCIENCE & MATH)
MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)
ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)
AGUSTINA C. OMAGUING
Writer/Illustrator/Lay –out Artists
__________________________
BETA TEAM
ZENAIDA A. ACADEMIA
DORIN FAYE D. CADAYDAY
MERCY G. DAGOY
RANJEL D. ESTIMAR
MARIA SALOME B. GOMEZ
JUSTIN PAUL ARSENIO C. KINAMOT
ALPHA QA TEAM
LIEZEL A. AGOR
EUFRATES G. ANSOK JR.
MA. OFELIA I. BUSCATO
LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO
DISCLAIMER
The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide accessible learning
modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The contents of this module are
carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set learning competencies. The writers and
evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to information and illustrations used to substantiate this
material. All content is subject to copyright and may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written
consent from the division.
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SYNOPSIS
Answer Key
This Self-Learning Kit describes where the Pre-Test
Earth’s internal heat comes from. 1. B 6. B
2. D 7. D
Understanding it is important because it
3. B 8. C
explains why there are volcanic eruptions
4. A 9. D
and tectonic activities of the Earth. In addition,
5. D 10. B
it will be the basis for the different land formation.
Posttest
Also, this SLK discussed about magma and how
I.
it is generated. Magma is composed of liquefied 1. F 6. T
rocks, crystals, and dissolved gases. Its properties 2. F 7. F
depend on the rock that initially melts and the 3. F 8. F
process that occur during partial melting and 4. F 9. F
transport. In addition, magma is classified 5. F 10. T
as mafic, andesitic, and felsic. And is generated II.
through decompression melting, increase in 1.decompression
temperature and flux melting. melting
2. explosively
3. lower
4. magma
5. temperature
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Agustina C. Omaguing, is a graduate of
Bachelor of Science in Chemistry at Negros Oriental
State University (NORSU). She earned her Education
units at Foundation University and completed her
academic requirements in Master of Arts in Science
Teaching at NORSU. Currently a Senior High School
teacher at Valencia National High School.
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