1

PERCEPTIONS OF PLANTITAS ON PLANTS GARDENING IN TIME OF

PANDEMIC: A CASE OF SITIO LASANG, KORONADAL CITY

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The whole world is suffering from COVID 19. The Philippines as well faces

a lot of problems due to the pandemic. One of the major impacts that it has

brought to the country is the financial crisis as an offshoot of the global economic

problem. Many of the establishments and businesses are forced to close. A lot of

people are jobless. People stayed at home to stringently follow the quarantine

protocols in containing the virus. Everything has changed.

In order to cope with the challenges of the new normal, Filipinos have

turned to plants. They grow different kinds of plants: indoor and outdoor, small

potted succulents and indoor trees, etc. This pandemic opened the doors for the

inner Plantito or Plantita. It serves as a coping mechanism and a new hobby to

those who wish to learn new things in their quarantine time.

According to Argao (2020), taking care of plants is a way of engaging in

positive activities that help people cope with the pandemic. Moreover, taking care

of plants is also a way to practice mindfulness and it can be a positive distraction

from stressors. It is also a good mental and physical exercise. One can get the

same effects from practicing other forms of mindfulness, breathing exercises, or

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engaging in other activities that one enjoys, such as baking or cooking or

engaging in sports. Furthermore, Siddayao (2020) attested that plants gardening

helps in providing a temporary distraction from what’s happening now; it allows

one to focus his/her extra energy on growing plants.

According to Caingle (2020), in the three years of their journey in the

industry, he saw an increase in the demand of plants in the middle of the

pandemic. He added that based on the stories of his old and new clients, taking

care of plants relieves their stress and there is a big psychic reward when they

see something grow under their care.

Likewise, in the setting in Region XII, particularly in Koronadal City most of

the constituents turn to become plantita and plantito during the pandemic. The

natural beauty of ornamental plants is an excellent way to lower down stress and

anxieties. People who keep plants at home feel happier, calmer and freer from

stress. The happiness they gain from environment can decrease the chances of

suffering stress and anxiety related to depression (Dickson, et. al., 2011).

Therefore, this study intends to determine the perceptions of Plantitas on

plants gardening in time of pandemic particularly in Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this study deals with the perceptions of Filipino Plantitas on

plants gardening in time of pandemic.

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Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. How do Plantitas involve themselves in plants gardening during

pandemic?

2. How do Plantitas develop their gardening?

3. Why do Plantitas choose plants gardening in time of pandemic?

4. How do plants gardening benefit the Plantitas in the midst of pandemic?

5. How plants gardening affect the way of living of Plantitas in time of

pandemic?

Theoretical Framework

Rachel and Stephen Kaplan (2000) propose the Attention Restoration

Theory (ART) to explain responses to the effects of natural settings. This theory

focuses on cognitive processes and proposes that our capacity for mental

attention can be depleted by activities demanding prolonged, effortful focus —

leading to fatigue, frustration, and inability to concentrate. Restorative

environments have four components: being away, extent, compatibility, and

fascination. The last one is essential for cognitive recovery; a setting having

fascinating qualities attracts involuntary attention, which demands less mental

effort. Nature attracts one’s attention because of its “soft fascination,” providing

the opportunity for recovery from mental fatigue.

Stress Reduction Theory (SRT) of Roger Ulrich (2002) supports the

Attention Restoration Theory (ART). Being in an unthreatening natural

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environment or viewing natural elements (such as vegetation or water) activates

a positive affective response, an inclination to approach such natural elements,

and sustained, wakefully relaxed attention. Individuals then can experience a

decrease in stress, which involves reduced levels of negatively toned feelings

and reductions in elevated physiological conditions, such as heart rate and blood

pressure. Each of the theories describes conditions connected to the other. Both

theories offer thoughtful and plausible explanations about why so many studies

detect positive human response to the presence of nature in relation to plants

gardening.

Both theories offers thoughtful and plausible explanations about why so

many studies detect positive human response to the presence of nature. Plants

and gardening can help people with mental problems like anxiety and stress

causes by the pandemic. Attention Restoration Theory (ART) and Stress

Reduction Theory (SRT) relates with the study in dealing with perceptions of

plantitas in mental benefits of engaging in plants gardening during the time of

pandemic. This theories explains that gardening has a positive impact to the

plantitas. It gives plantitas a positive environment and a peaceful mind.

Significance of the Study

This study was undertaken to find out the perceptions of Plantitas on

plants gardening in time of pandemic. Benefiting the study are the following:
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Gardeners. The participants of this research are the gardeners. The result

was intended to show the different perceptions of the gardeners towards

gardening in time of pandemic.

Students and Other Interested Individuals. This research serves as a

guide and reference for students and other individuals who are interested in this

topic.

Researchers. The outcome of this study is beneficial to either present or

future researchers. This study is a basis and a resource for the researchers who

would plan to make any related study on gardening.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is limited to determine the perceptions of Plantitas on plants

gardening in the midst of pandemic especially on their views in the benefits of

plants gardening, their involvement in plants gardening, and the changes brought

by plants gardening.

This was conducted through online and face to face with considerations to

the limitations brought about by the COVID-19 Pandemic. The participants were

purposely chosen – seven Filipino Plantitas aging from 15 to 50 years old living

in Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City and has the confidence to share thoughts, ideas

regarding their perceptions about plants gardening in time of pandemic.

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Operational Definition of Terms

To come up with a clear understanding of some word or group of words

used by the researchers in the study, the following terms are operationally

defined:

Amidst This refers to the context - the pandemic.

Covid-19 Pandemic This is a disease outbreak caused by the Coronavirus

that is prevalent over the world since late 2019.

Cultivating This is the process of preparing and maintaining the

soil where plants shall be grown.

Divert This is the shifting of attention or focus to other

activities as a result of an unexpected turn of

events.

Leisure Time This is the time when one is not working or

occupied.
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Lockdown This is the state of isolation or restricted access,

experienced by the participants, set by the

government to control the spread of Covid.

Perception This is the participant's opinion or idea about plants

gardening.

Plants Gardening This is the activity of cultivating flowers that the

participants do in order to cope with the pandemic.

Plantita This refers to the participant, a woman, who loves

planting plants particularly flowers.

Stress Reliever This refers to anything that lessens or removes the

impact of stress to the person.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses the related literatures and studies pertaining to the

growing number of Plantitas/Plantitos, perceptions on plants gardening, factors

that influence people to become Plantitas and the benefits of it.

Growing Number of Plantitas/Plantitos

The word Plantito/Plantita, which originated from "Plant + Tito" or "Tita",

simply pertains to a person who grows, and nurtures plants. According to Diaz-

Sabado (2020), Facebook posts on gardening, plant collections, and different

kinds of plants, including houseplants and exterior landscapes, are now in the

mainstream. Some are also posting beautiful clay pots, recycled plant containers,

and handcrafted basket planters. Many of the post are enticing to the eyes, thus

viewers are encouraged to also get their hands dirty by gardening. In terms of

acquisition, majority tries to buy pieces of plants while some opt to ask for

cutouts from those who have many from their garden. There are people who earn

from selling their plants or barter for another kind. Additionally, Diaz-Sabado

observed that there are already online groups for plants enthusiasts such as

"Kamula" (planting buddy) in Ilocos Region, Elyu Plantarium in the Province of La

Union, and many other more.

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In one album of Vireo Page on Facebook, there are identified ranks of a

“Plantita” (or “Plantito”) namely (first) a noob with just three plants, one of which

struggles to live; (second) a trained Plantita with ten plants, joins plant support

group; (third) skilled with more than varieties, talks daily to their plants with a

supplier of soil, rocks and carbonized rice hull; (fourth) a veteran plantita with

countless collection, willing to go to the mountains in search for plants, can

diagnose problems of plants and armed with a plant cutter everywhere she goes;

and (fifth) a legendary who keeps extra pots, contact supplier from afar to buy

rare types, and almost all of her collections have names.

According to Justin Paul Marbella, Information Officer ll in the Provincial

Government of La Union, he preferred to be called a “Plant Parent” because it is

more gender neutral than the coined term plantitio or a plantita and he had more

or less 50 species under his care. His fascination for plants, gardening, and

agriculture started from his childhood years in rural village in the town of

Bacnotan. He added that as a child, he had fond memories about tending the

garden at home and in grade school, they were made to submit plants as

requirements and part of the daily routine was watering the plants in the morning

and tending the vegetable yard in the afternoon. He also said “I re-kindled my

love for plants during the lockdown, with all the time in the world, I have spent

time tending the garden as a means to distress from the anxiety brought by the

pandemic." Marbella added, “Gardening gives me inner peace, my mornings

spent with a cup of coffee with my plants.

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Perceptions on Plants Gardening

The urban green space's capability of promoting psychological and

physical well – being contributing to human happiness has been well –

documented in diverse locations and culturally different populations, (Ulrich et al.,

1991; Tzoulas et al., 2010; Vejre et al., 2010,). However, most of the research

into human perception of designed urban environments has dealt with designed

planting in a very generic sense, (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1989), principally seeing it

as part of background ‘nature’. Velarde et al., (2007) refer to ‘the predominance

of studies using only coarse categories of landscapes’, and the separation of

most landscapes into ‘natural’ or ‘urban’. For landscape architecture, designs of

actual plant communities - how the form, composition and character of plantings

of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants are perceived and preferred, are

desperately needed.

In much of contemporary urban policy and practice, non-native plant

species are presented as being of little value at best or harmful at worst. These

positions feed an overriding presumption within many planners, landscape

architects, local authority officers and conservation practitioners that the

sustainable urban green infrastructure of the twenty first century should consist

exclusively of native planting (Davis et al., 2011; Hitchmough, 2011). Policy

guidance such as BREEAM UK New Construction Non-domestic Buildings

Technical Manual (2014) reinforces this stance, advocating the exclusive use of

native plant species in order to ‘minimise impact on existing site ecology’. At the
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local level in UK, biodiversity action plans highlight ‘reducing the impact of non-

native species’. The main argument used in defense of this position is the

assumed invasiveness of all non-native exotic plant species (Pollan, 1994) yet

many of the claims which drive this perception of the aggressive invasive alien

are not backed by data (Davis et al., 2011).

Many existing consumer preference studies on plant production practices

do not incorporate consumer perceptions of how those practices influence

pollinator health but instead focus on differences related to plant type. Yue et al.

(2011) demonstrated that consumers’ are more interested in organic annuals,

herbs and vegetables, and indoor plants than organic perennials, shrubs, and

trees. Schimmenti et al. (2013) found that consumers have a propensity to

purchase organic potted plants if they are available. Both studies suggest using

production practices as a means of differentiating ornamental plants according to

plant type influences the effect on consumer choices. Similarly, Rihn et al. (2016)

and Khachatryan et al. (2016) recently reported that consumers’ are willing to

pay price premiums for organically grown ornamental plants and organic

fertilizers.

The impact of product end-use (e.g., purely aesthetic vs. food producing)

may influence consumer perceptions of production practices that benefit

pollinator insects. Cumulatively, the pollinator insect studies and production

method studies demonstrate consumer interest in both topics but they do not

combine the two subjects. However, in plants gardening, the importance

consumers assign to different production practices will vary based on the plant
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type. Specifically, production practices that reduce pesticide use will be preferred

for food crops and less so for landscape plants.

Factors that Influence to become Gardeners

Feeding a dramatically growing population while conserving natural

resources is one of the greatest contemporary challenges decision makers face.

Concerns are even greater in areas where people rely on these natural

resources for their daily needs. Interestingly, there is a growing inclination in

integrating native Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) into formal farming systems,

as a critical step towards achieving the Millennium Development Goal 1:

“Combating extreme poverty and hunger”. Similarly, with regard to land use

dynamics, this step is perceived as a more realistic approach to conservation.

Conservation of PGR is vital not only because of their prominent role in food and

agriculture but also for the adaptation of certain cultivars to predicted changes in

the climate, diseases and pests in the future.

The growing interest on agroforestry systems as the future of PGR

conservation can be explained by the optimal ecological conditions and the

protection provided to plants in these traditional farming systems. Among these

traditional farming systems, Home gardens (HGs) have attracted attention in the

last decades. Traditionally, women and old men used to cultivate fields close to

their village, while the younger men often set their fields a bit further from their

village. With this traditional specialization in land use, home gardens are

expected to be mostly owned by women and old persons. As home gardening is

an agricultural practice, it is also expected that HGs are owned mainly by people
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with on-farm activities. Consequently, there is significant interactions among

these factors. Furthermore, based on previously reported influence of socio-

economic conditions of HG owners and intrinsic characteristics on plants

maintained in HGs in Latina America, it was predicted that plant diversity in HG

would also increase with age and size of the HG, both increasing with the age of

the owner.

The anthropogenic activities aimed at enhancing food production may

facilitate accumulation of undesirable substances in plants and affect the quality

of soil and water resources. Excessive amounts of nitrogenous fertilizers are

applied to crops, considering that it is a reasonable insurance against yield

losses and their economic consequences. However, when input of nitrogen

exceeds the demand, plants are no longer able to absorb it, and nitrogen then

builds up in the soil, mostly as nitrates (Nosengo, 2003). This causes imbalance

of nutrients in the soil and increases the nitrate level in groundwater supplies

(NAAS, 2005) which influences the nitrate content of plants (Dapoigny et al.,

2000; Vieira et al., 1998), especially the leafy vegetables. Nitrate has long been

one of the highly emotive anions, always being talked about, whether with pride

or with horror (Hill, 1999). There is conflicting evidence regarding the potential

long-term health risks associated with nitrate levels encountered in the human

diet. That reduction in dietary nitrate is a desirable preventive measure

(Santamaria, 2006) stands undisputed.

The factors responsible for nitrate accumulation in plants are mainly

nutritional, environmental and physiological. Nitrogen fertilization and light

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intensity have been identified as the major factors that influence the nitrate

content in vegetables (Cantliffe, 1973). Diurnal changes in light intensity lead to a

diurnal pattern of nitrate accumulation in plants. Many nutrients, such as chloride,

calcium, potassium, sulfate and phosphorus, are involved in the nitrate

accumulation process in plants. The nitrate content varies in various parts of a

plant (Anjana et al., 2006; Santamaria et al., 1999) and with the physiological age

of the plant (Anjana et al., 2006; Maynard et al., 1976). A reduction in nitrate

content can add value to vegetable products already very popular for their

nutritional and therapeutic properties (Santamaria, 2006). Therefore, it is

important to adopt appropriate strategies and determine the role of individual

physiological factors in the process in order to limit accumulation of nitrate in

vegetables, optimize the use of fertilizer nitrogen and reduce the potential

degradation of soil and water resources.

Benefits of Plants Gardening

In the past, evidence of a growing awareness of the benefits of working

with plants was largely anecdotal (Kidd and Brascamp, 2004). Recent research

findings and case studies highlight the positive social and physical outcomes of

active participation in gardening such as increased self-esteem, improved health,

and sense of community, accomplishment and pride (Lewis 2004).

Unruh (2004) studied 42 men and women in Nova Scotia (Canada) and

compared the meaning of gardening to people with cancer and people without
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cancer. He concluded that the possible meaning of gardening in daily life is

diverse and dependent on individual interests, past gardening experiences and

current circumstances. The study revealed that gardening can be a possible

coping strategy for stressful life experiences and can be beneficial for the

physical, emotional, social and spiritual well-being. Beneficial effects of allotment

gardens have been attributed to various factors, including enhanced physical

activities, reduced levels of stress and mental fatigue, and a better social and

cultural integration (Armstrong, 2000).

There is some evidence that allotment gardens may promote health, well-

being and social safety through three mechanisms: enhanced physical activities,

reduced stress and improved social cohesion. Although the above studies give

some examples of benefits from working with plants, both the Health Council of

The Netherlands (Gezondheidsraad, 2004) and Sempik, et al. (2003) conclude

from desktop studies that most of the research is purely descriptive and contains

no actual quantitative or qualitative data. Some of the studies have a poor

design, which makes their results doubtful. They also mention the lack of long-

term epidemical research (Sempik, et al., 2003). Although the amount of

thorough research on this subject is limited, below are the identified benefits in

the general physical, mental and social aspects of well-being.

1.1. Physical benefits

A green environment in general may encourage people to have physical

exercise. Physical exercise can have positive effects in different health

determinants and reduces the risk of different kinds of chronic diseases

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(Gezondheidsraad, 2004). Research also suggests that physical exercise can be

useful in the treatment of mental health problems like anxiety and depression

(Sempik et al. 2003). Studies show that the presence of vegetation will speed

recovery from stress (Ulrich et al. 2000; Kaplan 2003) and activities like

gardening are associated with health and reduce risk factors for coronary heart

disease.

1.2. Mental benefits

Different target groups experience the same mental benefits of working

with plants, such as increased sense of self-esteem, awareness and

responsibility, especially when working in groups (Kaiser, 2000). Participation

also increases feelings of value and worth (self-confidence) (Smith and Aldous

2004). By their beauty, colors and smell, plants in gardens enhance a sense of

tranquility and enjoyment (Kaplan 2003). Leisure in green environments provides

feelings of relaxation, autonomy and competition, and makes people become

open for reflection (Gezondheidsraad, 2004). Other studies show that

responsibility and control appear to slow down deterioration of the physical and

mental condition of elderly (Sempik, et al., 2003). In this way, working with plants

can give the elderly some kind of responsibility and the opportunity to make

decisions.

Kaplan (2003) and Lewis (2004) mention the success when finally the

plant blooms or bears fruit. This intensely personal activity rewards with feelings

of peace and tranquility. The blooming garden or window box gives proof that the
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gardener can bring about changes in his or her surroundings. For example,

strangers who pass by will often pause to enjoy the flowering accomplishments.

Kidd and Brascamp (2004) did a study on 361 New-Zealand gardeners

and found no causal relationships between gardening involvement and

psychological well-being, but there were high correlations between gardening

and feelings of autonomy, environmental mastery, positive relations with others,

purpose in life and self-acceptance. Kaplan (2003) also studied the benefits of

gardening. As observed, the garden gave the participants peacefulness, quiet

and fascination. Fascination refers to aspects of gardening like working with the

soil and observing the progress of the plants. This means that gardening also

gives sensory, tangible and physical benefits.

1.3. Social benefits

Gardening projects stimulate group processes and this in turn appears to

promote social cohesion and the development of social and communication skills

(Sempik, et al., 2003). More social contacts can indirectly lead to a better health

because they can reduce the sense of loneliness and the chance of dying,

depression and loss of cognitive functions especially with elderly

(Gezondheidsraad, 2004). For instance, in The Netherlands, 15% of the

population have feelings of solitude. Research points out that people with more

social contacts feel healthier, have less chance of getting coronary heart

diseases, and live longer. With elderly, it seems that less solitude reduces the

risk of dying, depression and loss of cognitive functions (Penninx et al. 2005).
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Lewis (2004) saw in different cities that community gardening led to

revitalization of depressed, low-income neighborhoods. In an American study in

New York the researchers found that community gardening can have a positive

effect on social cohesion in the neighborhoods (Armstrong, 2000). Gardening

can be enjoyed by everybody as long as one knows what he or she is going to

plant and how to take care of it. The appropriate time for planting is on a cloudy

day particularly afternoon. There are plants that are sensitive to sun like

phalaenopsis orchids also known as moth orchids (Vanzile, 2020). There are

also plant that can live with the heat of a sunrise namely bougainvillea, santan

and many more. Plants can give the gardeners not only exercise but also

enhanced emotional well-being (Anderson, 2021).

2.1. Plants Keep People Calm And Generates Happiness

Study shows having plants around the home greatly improves people’s

moods and reduces the likelihood of stress-related depression. Being surrounded

by plants can greatly change people’s mood and keep them calm. Tasks

performed while under the calming influence of nature are performed better and

with a great and higher quality result (Dickson, et.al, 2011). Ornamental plants

and flowers can increase the ability of a person to concentrate on tasks at hand.

Going outside being under the influence of plants can increase memory retention

up to twenty percent. The effect of the nature serves to stimulate both senses

and the mind, improving mental cognition and performance.

Generally, adding plants to home reduces perceived stress level and

makes one feel more relaxed, secure, and happy. Plants can help in achieving
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more optimistic outlook in life, bringing both pleasing visual stimulation and

helping to increase perceived happiness.

2.2. Planting Serves as an Exercise

Exercise is one of the factors to maintain fitness and good health. Planting

can be an alternative exercise especially this time of pandemic. Many business

including gym where closed. Planting at the backyard can be a substitute to daily

workouts. It uses many different muscle groups while increasing flexibility

(Anderson, 2011).

Planting has no age limits; anyone can do it and enjoy it. Gardening is a

physical activity and there is a range of garden tasks that uses the upper and

lower body such as digging, turning compost or raking. They offer moderate

intensity physical activity, while other tasks that use primarily the upper body in

standing or squatting posture offer low intensity physical activity. Garden tasks

such as hand weeding, mixing soil, filling containers with soil and transplanting

seedlings burn calories and strengthen muscles. Furthermore, bending to reach

the soil to cultivating makes the muscles work and increases its elasticity

(Anderson, 2011). Planting is a great way to keep hands and body as strong as

possible for as long as possible.

2.3. Planting As A Family Bonding And Improving Relationships

Planting can be enjoyed with solo or with the family. It is a good

opportunity for the family to strengthen the bond by planting together. The

happiness and stress relief that planting provides is a great thing to share with

the family. Also, planting has special benefits for kids. The earlier they are
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exposed to the nature, the more they grow loving and taking care of it.

Additionally, the early exposure to dirt was linked to numerous health benefits

from reducing allergies to autoimmune disease.

Studies show that people who spend more time around plants are much

likely to try help others, and often have more advanced social relationship

(Dickson et.al 2011). The person who has a love and care for the nature more

likely care others and form a huge and strong bond with their common likes and

preferences. Generally, a person that is exposed to nature and being around with

plants has improved relationships and increased concern and empathy towards

others.
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes research design, locale, participants, sampling

technique, research instruments, data gathering procedure, analysis,

researchers’ positioning, and ethical considerations.

Research Design

The study employed the qualitative case study method. According to

Baxter and Jack (2010), the qualitative case study is used to explore a

phenomenon that is within its context using various sources of data for ensuring

that the issue is explored through a variety of lenses that allows multiple angles

of the phenomenon to be revealed and understood. In addition to this, Yin (2003)

states that a case study design should be considered when: (a) the focus of the

study is to answer “how” and “why” questions; (b) the behavior of those involved

in the study cannot be manipulated; (c) the contextual conditions will be covered

because they are relevant to the phenomenon under study; or (d) the boundaries

are not clear between the phenomenon and context.

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For this study, the phenomenon that investigated were the perceptions of

Plantitas on plants gardening in time of pandemic. The case focused on the

Plantitas residing in Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City which were identified as active

gardeners. The design had identified emerging themes that clearly and deeply

defined the study purpose - to know how plants gardening helped the participants

in the midst of Covid-19 pandemic.

Exploratory type of case study was used. According to Hancock &

Algozzine (2006) this particular design seeks to establish cause-and-effect

relationships. Their primary purpose is to determine how events occur and which

ones may influence particular outcomes. Furthermore, this type of case study is

used to seek answers to questions that explain the presumed causal links in real-

life interventions that are too complex for the survey or experimental strategies.

Locale of the Study

The study was focused on the case of Plantitas residing in Sitio Lasang,

Barangay San Roque, Koronadal City. The figure shows the location of the study

site.
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Figure 1. Map of Sitio Lasang, Barangay San Roque, Koronadal City

Participants of the Study

The participants of this study were purposively chosen. According to

TESOL (n.d.), purposive sampling is the sampling method typically used in case

studies regardless of whether the case in question is a deviant or extreme case,

a critical case, a convenience case, and so on (Creswell, 1998; Miles &

Huberman, 1994). Following Miles (2016), in order to gain in-depth knowledge,

seven (7) Filipino Plantitas in Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City were asked to

participate.

Further, the seven participants met the following criteria - (a) be a Filipino

citizen, (b) aging from 15-50 years old, (c) an active Plantita without the purpose

of selling their products in the market (d) a resident of Sitio Lasang, Koronadal

City, and (e) has the confidence to share thoughts, ideas regarding their

perceptions about plants gardening in time of pandemic.

Research Instruments

To attain the appropriate data needed, the researchers had a set of

researcher-constructed instruments consisting of two (2) parts: the first part

asked for the participant’s basic information to establish the profile and the

second part contained the semi-structured interview questions about the

experience and perceptions of the participants regarding plants gardening. The

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interview guide also included follow-up questions to clarify initial answers of the

participants. Generally, the guide questions provided structure of the interview

process.

Data Gathering Procedure

Permission to conduct the study

Identification of the participants

Preparation of interview questionnaires

One-on-One Interview via Google Meet, Phone Call,

or Face to Face Interview

Transcription and Translation (written verbatim)

Data Analysis

Figure 2. Waterfall Diagram of Data Gathering Procedure

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Initially, letters of communication were sent to the Dean of College of

Teacher Education for permission to conduct the study.

After obtaining permission to conduct the study, the participants were

identified using the inclusion criteria. A letter of invitation and consent form were

sent to the chosen participants.

Then, the questions for the semi-structured interview were prepared. The

one-on-one interview were conducted either online, via video calling apps such

as Zoom and Google Meet, or face to face, if the researchers were allowed by

the participants. If the internet connection was not available, the voice call was

used. The interview was recorded. After each interview, some of the questions

were reviewed for clarification and the participants were asked if they wanted to

provide additional information.

Every interview, the researchers listened to the recording at least twice.

The recordings were transcribed, reviewed for accuracy, and translated into

English by the researchers. In the transcription writing, all utterances in the semi-

structured interview were written verbatimly. The final transcripts of interviews

were subjected to data analysis.

Data Analysis

The data gathered was analyzed using Thematic Analysis (TA). This

analysis is widely used in the field of qualitative research particularly in social and

behavioral sciences. It is a method for identifying, analyzing, organizing,

 26

describing, and reporting themes found within a data set (Braun & Clarke, 2006)

as cited by Nowell et al. (2017). Additionally, Braun and Clarke (2006) and King

(2004) argued that thematic analysis is an appropriate method to examine the

perspectives of different participants, similarities and differences, and in

generating unprecedented insights. Lastly, thematic analysis is also useful for

summarizing key features of a large data set since it gives the researcher a well-

structured approach in handling data resulting to a clear and organized report

(King, 2004).

When the data transcripts were ready, the researchers (a) identified the

significant statements, (b) identified the initial themes, (c) formulated clustered

themes, and (d) named relevant themes.

Researcher’s Positioning

This study made use of the non-numerical description to analyze the

responses of Plantitas’ perception on plant gardening. Pertaining to the word

perception, Plantitas involvement was via participation as statesmen, taking their

ideas into account on plant gardening in time of pandemic.

The researchers were third year BSED Social Studies students who were

interested in plants gardening. They took part in this research as citizens

concerned about the timely and relevant topic, a clear statement that they

highlighted to emphasize only the conducted topic and gathered data and biased

information were contained and excluded.

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Ethical Considerations

The confidentiality of the participants was ensured in a way where their full

permission of participation was obtained. The consideration of whether taking

part in the research was freely given without pressure, force, or constraint.

Participants were well informed about all the necessary procedures

involving them. The protection of the participants against privacy leak was also

given importance by the researchers. The participants that were chosen for the

interview were allowed to withdraw anytime.

Only relevant components of the data gathered were included and

evaluations were as simple as possible. All questions involved only information

that were based on the topic being conducted. Any biased information or

misleading ideas were avoided. The research data had an adequate level of

privacy.
 28

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter focuses on the presentation of data and gathered

information, discussion, and interpretation of the findings of the study. In this

chapter, the participants are also introduced.

Participants of the Study

The participants were chosen through the following criteria: She must be

(a) a Filipino citizen, (b) aging from 15-50 years old, (c) active Plantita without the

purpose of selling their products in the market, (d) a resident of Sitio Lasang,

Koronadal City, and (e) has the confidence to share thoughts, ideas regarding

their perceptions on plants gardening in time of pandemic.

Our first participant, Gumamela (not her real name) was a female,

married, and a housewife from Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City. She was 29 years
 29

old with a voluptuous body, tan skin, blond long hair and a tall woman. Also, as

an individual being affected by the pandemic, she used her time in gardening.

She started collecting plants in the middle of March 2020. While answering the

survey questionnaires, she was wearing a smile in her eyes that you can see

happiness and fulfilment of having her gardens in the middle of the crisis.

The next participant was Sampaguita (not her real name), a 29-year-old

student and single. She is a tall person, white skin, black long hair and has a

healthy body. Also, she gathered different kinds of flowers and it has become her

stress reliever since middle of March 2020. Additionally, gardening gave

sunshine to her life despite of arising of Covid-19 pandemic wherein individual

trying to adopt the new management of everyday life and while she answered the

questions, you can see accomplishment and realization of having an opportunity

to involve in gardening.

The third participant was Eggplant (not her real name). She had been

collecting and planting plants since she was teenager. She has a healthy body,

white skin, short blond hair and has a great aura. She was considered as the

Plantita who had the longest experience among all the participants. Gardening

became her hobby since then and while we have interview, sudden enjoyment as

we go through on the accomplishment she had on gardening that lockdown give

her more time to developed it, a garden she wanted to have.

Another participant was Squash (not her real name). She was from Purok

San Francisco, Sitio Lasang. She was a 50-year-old widow and a mother of 3

children. She has a fit body even in he’s age, tan skin, short curly hair and tall
 30

person. Also, she used her time in gardening flowers and vegetables and started

collecting plants during lockdown of March 16, 2020. As we go through on our

interview process, you can see liveliness in every single word in her answers and

smiles to her beautiful of having gardens in the middle of pandemic. Squash as

we observed is a very resilient individual. She did not allow herself to be defeated

by the pandemic, but she finds ways to survive. The way she tells her story,

she’s very proud about it for being a Plantita. You can see in her eyes the

happiness given by her plants.

The fifth participant was Rose (not her real name), a 20-year-old college

student. She was from Purok San Isidro, Sitio Lasang. She is small but a

beautiful lady with a pointed nose, white skin, and black long hair. She was a

Plantita for 1 year and gathered different kinds of flowers and become her source

of stress reliever in the midst of pandemic. Moreover, you can see in her pretty

eyes the amusement wherever she witnesses her gardens and while explaining

her answers, happiness and exploit emotions to be a Plantita.

The sixth participant was Sunflower (not her real name), a 26-year-old

married and a housewife from Sitio Lasang. She is small person with loud voice,

tan skin color, black long hair and has a healthy posture. She's into collecting and

planting plants since 2010. She gathered different kinds of vegetables and it had

become her source of food and happiness. While explaining her answers,

fulfilment and energy to every single word she made and feelings of satisfaction

wherever she said that gardens became their source of food in this crisis. She’s
 31

so jolly talking about her experiences for being a plantita on how she cultivates

her plants.

The last participant of the study was Malunggay (not her real name). She

was a 28-year-old married woman and a mother of one child. She’s a healthy

body, tan skin color, black long hair and a tall woman. She started collecting and

planting plants two years ago and due to the pandemic, she was actively

involved in gardening. As we go through in our interview process, researcher felt

the nervousness of the participant yet as we make the atmosphere simple just

like friendly talking, happiness and satisfaction you can see in her beautiful eyes

and she was wearing smiles that could give energize and fulfilment in life.

Involvement of Plantitas in Plants Gardening in Time of Pandemic

Table 1. Participants' Responses on their Involvement in Plants Gardening

in Time of Pandemic
Themes Common Responses

T1. Lockdown as Causes "Dahil sa lockdown hindi tayo makalabas

of Plants Gardening naisipan kong magtanim nalang ng gulay at
mga bulaklak upang hindi mabagot." [Due to
lockdown and it was prohibited to go, I thought
of planting vegetables and flowers to divert my
attention and not get bored.]

- Squash

"Dahil sa lockdown ay naging uso ang

pagtatanim kaya naisipan ko rin magtanim.
Dahil nakakaganda ng paligid at maibebenta
ko rin ang mga ito". [Due to the lockdown,
plants gardening became a trend so I also
started planting my own plants because they
beautify the surrounding and I can also sell
them.]
 32

- Rose

T2. Finding Leisure Time "Nagtanim ako dahil wala nang ibang magawa
as Cause of Plants at kailangang magtanim dahil din sa
Gardening pandemic". [I started planting because I don't
have other things to do and it's necessary to
plant because it's pandemic.]
- Malunggay

"Dahil nakakabagot ang walang magawa,kaya

naisipan kung komolekta ng maraming uri ng
bulaklak para marelax din". [Because I was
bored of not doing anything, so I thought of
collecting many kinds of flowers in order for
me to be relaxed.]
- Gumamela

T3. Other Causes of "Naimpluwensyahan ako ng mga plantita na

Involvement in Plants magtanim dahil pwede itong mapagkakakitaan
Gardening at bukod diyan may mga iba't-ibang health
benefits ang bawat bulaklak". [I was
influenced by other Plantitas to do planting
because of the profit we could gain as well as
the health benefits each of the flowers could
give.]
- Sampaguita

"Na impluwensyahan ako ng mga plantita na

pumasok sa pagtatanim ng malaman ko ang
kahalaghan at epekto ng pagtatanim ng
magaganda at malulusog na mga pananim". [I
was influenced by other Plantitas in joining
them in gardening when I heard about its
importance and the effect of having productive
and healthy vegetables.]
- Sunflower

"Mahilig na talaga ako sa pagtatanim mula pa

noon at mas lalo ko pang naging hilig ngayong
panahon ng pandemya". [Since then, I love to
plant and I think it was intensified most
especially this time of pandemic.]
- Eggplant
 33

The above table presents the responses of the participants on their

involvement in gardening particularly in planting different kind of plants. In this

area, there are three themes that were identified and are discussed as follows:

1. Lockdown as Cause of Plants Gardening. One reason behind the

involvement of the participants in plants gardening is because of the lockdown in

their place. The two (2) participants: Squash (not her real name) said that since

the pandemic has started and forced the nation to implement the lockdown

policy, they were prohibited to go out, thus she thought of planting vegetables

and flowers. Same with Squash we were noticed that people in the area are used

to plant vegetables. This is what the pandemic has brought them wherein they

learn to shift their work to something unusual however very helpful to their living.

Squash as we observed is a very resilient individual. She did not allow herself to

be defeated by the pandemic, but she finds ways to survive. The way she tells

her story, she’s very proud about it for being a plantita. You can see in her eyes

the happiness given by her plants.

Rose (not her real name) shared to us that "Dahil sa lockdown ay naging

uso ang pagtatanim kaya naisipan ko rin magtanim. Dahil nakakaganda ng

paligid at maibebenta ko rin ang mga ito". [Due to the lockdown, plants

gardening became a trend so I also started planting my own plants because they

beautify the surrounding and I can also sell them]. This might also be true to

other people, they learn to value plants when they do not have something to

make them busy. Rose was obviously turned her way to plant where she gets
 34

income to help the living of her family. She is happy because even in a little way,

same with other plantitos and plantitas she earns for their survival especially in

crisis where limited people are allowed to go out for work. She added that she

started to plants because they beautify the surrounding. Lockdown give the break

to the participants to appreciate the involvement in plants gardening especially in

the middle of crisis wherein it’s a way for them to gain profit if someone willing to

buy their plants.

Gardening was listed as the second most popular lockdown activity people

planned to do after watching TV, according to a survey by Global Data market

research in May 2020. The coronavirus lockdown provides the time and

opportunity to create a garden you always wanted, producing a sense of pride

and of course pleasure for you and your whole household. It is also the perfect

time for them to explore the beauty of having plants that surrounded around their

place.

2. Finding Leisure Time as Cause of Plants Gardening. A lot of free

time causes people to look for something that they can do. Malunggay and

Gumamela said that they were looking for something that they could do during

the pandemic. Since the people were locked in to their home, they used their

time in plants gardening.

Finding leisure time is another reason for the involvement of Plantitas in

gardening. During this crisis, we are prohibited to go outside and do the outdoor

activities because of the tendency might be affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.

 35

Furthermore, one participant named Gumamela (not her real name) said that

"Dahil nakakabagot ang walang magawa,kaya naisipan kung komolekta ng

maraming uri ng bulaklak para marelax din". [Because I was bored of not doing

anything, so I thought of collecting many kinds of flowers in order for me to be

relaxed]. Being lock-in to our home, you are trying to miss the usual things you

do and there are people that their relaxation involved outdoor activities. As what

Gezondheidsraad (2004) said, leisure in green environments provides feelings of

relaxation, autonomy and competition, and makes people open for reflection.

Malunggay (not her real name) said that "Nagtanim ako dahil wala nang

ibang magawa at kailangang magtanim dahil din sa pandemic". [I started

planting because I don't have other things to do and it's necessary to plant

because it's pandemic]. Maybe somehow people learn to do things if they are

bored. There are individuals who learn to cultivate portion of their lot just to put a

garden that will help them busy. Gardens that will give turn them to be more

lovers of plants. This is how participants are usually saying, that in time of the

pandemic, their leisure is to plant. In planting, they discover something that is

helpful not only to their lives but more on their health.

Additionally, the pandemic changed the persons’ usual days of work and

activity wherein before the Covid-19 pandemic begun, people used most of their

time in the outside doors such as going to parks and beaches, eating street

foods, and other crowded areas. Others working far from their home but the

arising of pandemic forced people to stay at home and now they have more time

in their household. Furthermore, because of being lock-in to their home, they

 36

experienced of being bored and they are looking for something to do in their free

time and plants’ gardening brought them into this kind of activity. Leisure Time is

one of the reasons why a person being involved in gardening during this crisis.

Gardening has always been touted as a relaxing recreational activity that can

provide great personal rewards. The plants’ gardening that can fill-in to their free

time and give the feeling of relaxation.

3. Other Causes of Involvement in Plants Gardening. The other

reasons why people are being involved in plants gardening are because of: the

health benefits that one can get from the plants and the profit it could give

according to Sampaguita; the influence of other Plantitas regarding the

importance and effects of planting beautiful and healthy plants according to

Sunflower; and the revived innate passion for plants according to Eggplant.

The profits and health benefits are considered as a reason for the

involvement of Plantitas in gardening. Sampaguita (not her real name) said that

"Naimpluwensyahan ako ng mga plantita na magtanim dahil pwede itong

mapagkakakitaan at bukod diyan may mga iba't-ibang health benefits ang bawat

bulaklak". [I was influenced by other Plantitas to do planting because of the profit

we could gain as well as the health benefits each of the flowers could give ]. It

was being proven in Science that this recreational activity helps the individuals’

body, mind and spirit. The healthy body when we eat the vegetables and

exercising ourselves whenever we do the gardening. The feelings of being relax

and give important to the essence of life despite of the crisis. Also, in this crisis
 37

we are prohibited to work outside, thus we don’t have enough profit to buy our

needs and through simple way of selling the plants, we can get things that we

want to purchase.

Moreover, Eggplant (not her real name) said that "Mahilig na talaga ako

sa pagtatanim mula pa noon at mas lalo ko pang naging hilig ngayong panahon

ng pandemya". [Since then, I love to plant and I think it was intensified most

especially this time of pandemic.] Meaning, there are people who already used to

plant even before the pandemic. These individuals are plant lovers or maybe

they have the green thumb where they fond of planting. Planting in the other side

becomes part of their daily routine where there are individuals who really love to

plant. You can see the happiness in her eyes how she much love her plants and

gardening.

In addition, there are also individuals who are being influenced by their

neighbors or some other individuals also, like Sunflower (not her real name) who

said "Na impluwensyahan ako ng mga plantita na pumasok sa patatanim ng

malaman ko ang kahalaghan at epekto ng pagtatanim ng magaganda at

malulusog na mga pananim". [I was influenced by other Plantitas in joining them

in gardening when I heard about its importance and the effect of having

productive and healthy vegetables]. Thus, planting plants are not just a hobby for

many, but definitely some are being influenced. This influence is definitely giving

them the benefits as what we observed to them during the interview through her

gestures and other positive actions.

 38

Moreover, gardening offers you a place that you can use to maintain your

health and well-being. It was being proven in the Science that plants’ gardening

is good for people. According to International Association of Horticultural

Producers that there are scientific evidence that shows how gardening and being

in the garden will help to keep you well. The gardens can provide a place for

experiencing nature which is proven to benefit mental health, cognitive

functioning and emotional well-being. Gardening reduces depression, anxiety,

obesity and heart disease as well as increasing life satisfaction, quality of life and

sense of community. Also, gardens are essential to support recovery from illness

and when you are looking in the gardens can reduce stress, blood pressure and

muscle tension.

How Do Plantitas Develop their Gardens in Time of the Pandemic

Table 2. Participants Responses on the Development of Plant Gardens

Themes Common Responses

T1. Outsourcing of Plants All participants answered they get from their
friends, neighbours, and relatives. Others are
being purchased, given by the barangay, and
through barter.
T2. Physical Cultivation of “Dinidiligan ko araw-araw at nilalagyan ng
Plant Gardens fertilizer."[I water the plants every day and put
some fertilizer.]
- Squash

"Sa pamamagitan ng pag lalagay ng mga

pataba at organic fertilizer gaya ng mga balat
ng gulay at prutas". [Through putting fertilizer,
especially organic such as peelings of fruits
and vegetables.]
- Sampaguita
 39

"Napapalago ko ang aking pagtatanim sa

pamamagitan ng pagtanim ng sari-saring mga
pananim lalo na mga gulay, paglinis at
pagbigay ng mga pataba". [I make my
gardening productive through planting variety
of vegetables, cleaning and adding fertilizer to
the soil.]
- Sunflower

“Napapalago ko ito sa pamamagitan ng

paggamit o paglagay ng mga organikong
pampataba…pagdilig nito sa araw-araw…
nililinis, dinadamuhan at binubungkal ang
paligid ng puno ng halaman.” [I make my
plants healthy through applying organic
fertilizer, regular watering, clearing and
weeding, and tilling the soil around the plants.]

- Eggplant

T3. Plantitas’ Other Ways "Sa pamamagitan ng sipag at tiyaga upang

on Developing Plants mas maganda ang tubo ng mga tanim." [By
Gardens being industrious and patient so the plants
grow healthy.]
- Rose

"Dahil sa araw-araw na pagdidilig at

pakikipag- usap sa mga halaman kahit hindi
sila nagsasalita, ito ay nakakaramdam din ng
pag-aaruga at pagmamahal mula sa na
tatanim o nag-aalaga sa kanila". [Through
regular watering and talking to the plants even
though they can’t speak, they can feel the
nurture and love from the planters or the one
who cares for them.]
- Gumamela

"Inaalagaang mabuti upang lumago."[I take

good care of my plants in order for them to
grow well.]
- Malunggay

The table shows the responses of the participants on how they develop or

improve their gardens using their strategies and techniques that being used and
 40

applied to the development and growth of the plants. Three (3) themes were

identified in relation to the statement of the problem number 2. They are the

following:

1. Outsourcing of Plants. The data showed that seven (7) participants

got their plants from their friends, neighbours, and relatives. Others acquired their

plants through the barangay, barter or exchange of plants, and purchase.

New gardeners intend to import plants from their closest person wherein if

they see plants that catches to their eyes or unfamiliar, they were asked

permission from them to get one or two pieces of it. Besides, there are

exchanged of plants between the two gardeners in order for the participants to

have different kinds of plants. However, there are plants that being purchased

wherein plants’ gardening became their source of fund during pandemic and they

sell their plants. As new Plantitas, participants encouraged to buy plants for them

to have different kinds of families of plants and this people offer plants that

unique, beautiful and hard to find. Moreover, the participants get their plants and

seedlings to the barangay nursery that served as a way to have a community

garden and beautify the society. The Barangay is willing to give plants in order

for the area to have good sight and through this, everyone encourage having

plants’ gardening in their home.

2. Physical Cultivation of Plant Gardens. It is the ability to improve the

plants by using different kinds of techniques and strategies to the physical growth

of the plants.
 41

The physical cultivation of the plants was necessary to the development of

them. Cultivating is the process of tilling or unsettling the soil to make it more

suitable for planting. The data revealed that four (4) participants namely:

Sampaguita, Sunflower, Squash, and Eggplant that they cultivated their plant

gardens through applying fertilizer to their plants. Sampaguita (not her real

name) said that "Sa pamamagitan ng pag lalagay ng mga pataba at organic

fertilizer gaya ng mga balat ng gulay at prutas". [Through putting fertilizer,

especially organic such as peelings of fruits and vegetables]. You can sense that

she was very creative and wise in dealing with her gardens. Her inexpensive

strategy in order for the growth of the plants will encouraged other plantitas to try

her way of dealing with plants. Applying fertilizer in the plants was a big help for

the plants to grow well and you don’t need to buy fertilizer because through the

leaves and other way of composing things that become fertilizer was beneficial to

your gardens.

Moreover, fertilizer works by providing essential nutrients to developing

flowers, trees and vegetables, as a kind of multivitamin or meal replacement for

the plant world. Many fertilizers also improve the way the soil works by helping it

to retain water better and allowing air to flow freely, which is good for roots.

Nitrogen fertilization and light intensity have been identified as the major factors

that influence the nitrate content in vegetables (Cantliffe, 1973).

Furthermore, Sunflower (not her real name) said that "Napapalago ko ang

aking pagtatanim sa pamamagitan ng pagtanim ng sari-saring mga pananim lalo

na mga gulay, paglinis at pagbigay ng mga pataba". [I make my gardening

 42

productive through planting variety of vegetables, cleaning and adding fertilizer

to the soil]. Meaning, through planting variety of plants specifically the

vegetables, she developed her gardens. As we observed in her gardens, you can

see the physical growth of every kind of plants. Planting variety can also provide

support to other family members of the plants through providing shelter to other

species especially there’s a plant that live under the tree. Similarly, she agreed

with Eggplant that cleaning the plants was also helped. It was necessary for

plants to clean their surrounding in order for them to breathe well, like humans

we also want to have clean place and through sweeping the dirt and weeding, we

can guarantee to have a clean and fresh products.

Additionally, Eggplant (not her real name) shared to us “Napapalago ko ito

sa pamamagitan ng paggamit o paglagay ng mga organikong pampataba…

pagdilig nito sa araw-araw…nililinis, dinadamuhan at binubungkal ang paligid ng

puno ng halaman.” [I make my plants healthy through applying organic fertilizer,

regular watering, clearing and weeding, and tilling the soil around the plants].

She mentioned different strategies and techniques on how she developed her

plants’ gardening through regular watering, tilling the soil around the plants,

clearing and weeding. We felt the hard work and dedication of the participant on

her gardens. Same with Eggplant, Squash did also cultivation through watering

the plants. Watering also helps the plants live. Like humans and animals, plants

need both water and nutrients to survive. Most of all plants use water to carry

moisture and nutrients back and forth between the roots and leaves. Water, as

well as nutrients, is normally taken up through the roots from the soil. This is why
 43

it’s important to water plants when the soil becomes dry. While she was

explaining, we observed that she’s very passionate in gardening and she’s often

smiling whenever she witnesses her gardens that grow well.

Thus, the desire and sympathy of the Plantitas to their plants through

providing their needs such as water, air, light, soil nutrients, and the correct

temperature for the right plants are the most basic factors to make a plant grow

faster and bigger. The physical growth of the plants varies on how Plantitas take

care of their gardens and it depends on the strategies they have. In this time of

pandemic, the participants had a time to develop their gardening through a

simple way of developing them can produce a good output.

3. Plantitas’ Other Ways on Developing Plants Gardens. In addition to

the two major themes discussed above, the participants shared about cultivation

through taking care of the plants, talking to the plants, and being patient and

hardworking in gardening. Rose (not her real name) said that "Sa pamamagitan

ng sipag at tiyaga upang mas maganda ang tubo ng mga tanim." [By being

industrious and patient so the plants grow healthy]. Gardening takes time and

effort, like other people experience, it takes hardship for you to get the aim of

your life. Patient to our gardens is like when we are hoping for something that we

want to achieve in life especially there are certain animals who like to eat the

plants and it will measure our patients on how we handle the situation like if you

want to continue gardening or not. Another thing is, it takes time for the plants to

grow well and you have to wait days or months in order for you to see the
 44

changes in plants if still survive. Tons of considerations when you are gardening

like the place and weather. However, when you are dedicated to work hard,

nothing is impossible. Like the participant as mentioned above through hard work

and being patient, the plants will grow beautiful and healthy. Being persistent to

your work can enhance the gardening not only this matter but also to the

everyday life situation. Also, Malunggay (not her real name stated that

"Inaalagaang mabuti upang lumago."[I take good care of my plants in order for

them to grow well]. Meaning, in just simple way of taking good care of plants can

develop the gardens yet lots of step and techniques on how to take care of them.

Like the previous themes, it required fertilizer, water, sunlight, and etc.

In terms of talking to the plants, people who love gardening will often tell

you that they believe speaking to plants has a beneficial impact on their overall

health and growth. Gumamela (not her real name) shared to us that "Dahil sa

araw-araw na pagdidilig at pakikipag- usap sa mga halaman kahit hindi sila

nagsasalita, ito ay nakakaramdam din ng pag-aaruga at pagmamahal mula sa

na tatanim o nag-aalaga sa kanila". [Through regular watering and talking to the

plants even though they can’t speak, they can feel the nurture and love from the

planters or the one who cares for them]. Meaning, through talking to the plants,

even though they can’t speak, they can feel the nurturing and love from the

planters or the one who care for them. And the way she answered our interview

was very attentive, she explained her answers well on how she handle her

plants. Other researchers believed that talking to plants may stimulate growth

because of the carbon dioxide produced when people exhale as they speak.
 45

Since plants take in carbon dioxide, some scientists believe carbon dioxide could

explain the benefit that speaking to plants seems to provide. Planting is an

alternative way to socialize and maintain communication and studies show that

people who spend more time around plants are much likely to try helping others,

and often have more advanced social relationship (Dickson, et.al, 2011).

Communicating with plants means socializing with them and you are passionate

in what you are doing which is gardening.

Why Do Plantitas Chose Plants Gardening in Time of Pandemic

Table 3. Participants Responses on Plants Gardening as a Choice during

Pandemic
Themes Common Responses

T1. Plants Gardening as "Napili kong magtanim ngayong pandemic

Leisure Time dahil sa wala naman akong ibang libangan sa
bahay." [In this time of pandemic, I choose to
plant because I didn't have anything to do at
home.]
- Squash

"Napili kong magtanim ngayong pandemya

dahil walang magawa sa bahay dulot ng
lockdown at para may libangan na rin". [I
choose to do gardening during this pandemic
because of lockdown and also to have a
pastime.]
- Sampaguita

"Dalaga palang ako mahilig na akong

magtanim, mas napalago ko ang mga ito
ngayong pandemya sa kadahilanang limitado
na ang paglabas mas napagtu-unan ko ang
pagtatanim ngayong pandemic". [When I was
still a maiden, gardening was already my
interest. Due to pandemic and restricted
activities, I enriched my skill because I am
 46

more focused into it.]

- Sunflower

T2. Safety and Security of "Dahil din syempre sa kaligtasan ng aking

the Family against mapilya, mas mabuting nasa bahay na lang at
Pandemic nag-aalaga ng pananim kaysa naman nasa
labas na hindi mo sigurado ang panahon baka
madapuan tayo ng sakit". [Of course, because
of the safety and security of my family, it is
better to stay at home and just take care of the
plants instead of going outside where there's
tendency of getting disease.]
- Gumamela

T3. Other Views on Plants "Dahil ito ang uso at nakakatulong dahil
Gardening as a Choice pwedeng ibenta ang mga tanim pambili ng
during Pandemic pagkain".
[Because it's the trend and it can be sold thus
it can contribute in buying foods.]
- Rose

"Napili kong magtanim dahil

nakakapagpapasaya ito sa akin at
nakatutulong sa mga gastos". [I chose to pay
attention to planting and gardening because it
brings happiness and alleviates expenses.]
- Eggplant

"Dahil dito makakakuha ka ng sariwa at

libreng gulay." [It is for the reason that,
through this, I can can get fresh and free
vegetables.]
- Malunggay

The table reveals the different responses of the participants on why they

chose to plant in the time of pandemic. The three themes were discussed below.
 47

1. Plants Gardening as Leisure Time. Gardening gives a sense of

comfort, relaxation, freedom and enjoyment. Since pandemic has started, people

were not allowed to go outside and people used their free time in collecting and

planting different kinds of plants. Two (2) participants: Squash (not her real

name) said that "Napili kong magtanim ngayong pandemic dahil sa wala naman

akong ibang libangan sa bahay." [In this time of pandemic, I choose to plant

because I didn't have anything to do at home].Similar with Sampaguita (not her

real name) said that she chose planting during pandemic because she weren't

doing anything. She also added that it served as her relaxation time. Plants’

gardening as leisure activity during pandemic allows Plantitas to use their time

productively and ease the feelings of boredom and being isolated at home.

Gardening is a fun hobby that’s good for our health like the relaxation that we feel

while doing this kind of activity that despite of the pandemic, we are still dynamic

and full of energy to continue our life. The participants' accounts only prove that

the urban green space is capable of promoting psychological and physical well –

being contributing to human happiness has been well – documented in diverse

locations and culturally different populations (Ulrich et al., 1991; Tzoulas et al.,

2010; Vejre et al., 2010,). Plants’ gardening as leisure time during Covid-19

pandemic is a good choice wherein it will give happiness and meaning in life to

have strong bond with family and help to individual mind-set especially in the

middle of crisis. It was a free activity for us to enjoy and forget for a while the

issues that we heard and see in different platforms of social media and in the

community.
 48

Sunflower (not her real name) shared to us that "Dalaga palang ako

mahilig na akong magtanim, mas napalago ko ang mga ito ngayong pandemya

sa kadahilanang limitado na ang paglabas mas napagtu-unan ko ang pagtatanim

ngayong pandemic". [When I was still a maiden, gardening was already my

interest. Due to pandemic and restricted activities, I enriched my skill because I

am more focused into it]. She happily tells to us that the pandemic just brought

back her hobby way back her teenage days. Gardening became the focus of the

participants during this crisis yet there is certain participant that gardening was

being innate to her life since then and she more passionate on dealing and

developing it since the pandemic begun through giving her free time on

gardening.

2. Safety and Security of the Family against Pandemic. The arising of

Covid-19 pandemic brought many people to stay at home in order for them not to

be infected by this virus. As mentioned by the one participant named Gumamela

(not her real name) said that "Dahil din syempre sa kaligtasan ng aking mapilya,

mas mabuting nasa bahay na lang at nag-aalaga ng pananim kaysa naman nasa

labas na hindi mo sigurado ang panahon baka madapuan tayo ng sakit". [Of

course, because of the safety and security of my family, it is better to stay at

home and just take care of the plants instead of going outside where there's

tendency of getting disease]. She wants to emphasize that it was better to plant

instead of going outside because of danger of contracting diseases and we

agreed on her idea because we are not sure of the possibility of not being
 49

infected even though we followed the protocols of wearing facemask and face

shield. In this battle, we have no idea where the antagonist is. We are surviving

without knowing that they are around us. And it was a good plan to stay at home

and follow the necessary things to do in order for us to stay safe from this virus.

Safety of each member of the family is one of the priorities now more than ever

and through following the orders of the health organization and governments, the

community can secure the well-being of populace. Plants’ gardening is one of the

things to do at home instead of hanging outside. During this time, when many

people are working at home and students are learning at home, gardening can

be a positive family-inclusive activity to adopt.

3. Other Views on Plants Gardening as a Choice during Pandemic.

The participants had other views on why they chose plants’ gardening during

pandemic. Plants’ gardening became popular in the middle of pandemic, profit

and expenses you can gain in planting and garden provide foods in your daily

life.

Rose (not her real name) said that “Dahil ito ang uso at nakakatulong

dahil pwedeng ibenta ang mga tanim pambili ng pagkain".[Because it's the trend

and it can be sold thus it can contribute in buying foods]. The growing number of

Plantitas during Covid-19 pandemic influenced others who are not into this kind

of activity to choose gardening in the middle of pandemic. The plants’ gardening

became trending not only in social media platform but also lots of people are

being busy in improving their home gardens during pandemic. Gardening is

 50

becoming an increasingly popular quarantine activity. Since people are prohibited

to go outdoors activity like going beaches, shopping, and etc. they became

engaged in plants’ gardening. Rose also mentioned that gardening was helpful

because she could sell the plants to buy foods. On the other hand, Eggplant (not

her real name) shared to us that "Napili kong magtanim dahil

nakakapagpapasaya ito sa akin at nakatutulong sa mga gastos". [I chose to pay

attention to planting and gardening because it brings happiness and alleviates

expenses]. While responding, she was happy that gardening was a good choice

in this time of pandemic. Also, we felt her excitement while telling her history

when she became to love gardening. Moreover, Plantitas preferred gardening

because of the profit that they can get whenever someone willing to buy their

plants and in order for them to buy their other necessities at home. Through a

simple way of selling their plants, participants survive in this crisis and alleviate

the expenses they had in home wherein working outdoors are prohibited and

plants’ gardening became the source of fund.

Additionally, the free and fresh vegetable that you can get from your

gardens is another reason why Plantitas desired gardening amidst pandemic

wherein many nutrients, such as chloride, calcium, potassium, sulfate and

phosphorus, are involved in the nitrate accumulation process in plants. The

nitrate content varies in various parts of a plant (Anjana et al., 2006; Santamaria

et al., 1999). One participant named Malunggay (not her real name) reasoned

that "Dahil dito makakakuha ka ng sariwa at libreng gulay." [It is for the reason

that, through this, I can can get fresh and free vegetables]. You can see
 51

satisfaction in her eyes while responding the plants’ gardening as a choice

amidst pandemic. The fruits and vegetables that gardens can provide will

improve our physical health that allows us to maintain our diet by adding more

fruits and vegetables to our plates. Even though we may not be able to grow all

the different kinds of foods yet the ability to grow anything we can use boosts the

feelings of self-sufficiency in a time when it’s easy to feel helpless. Also, it

encourages people to care for what foods they put in their bodies. Gardening

helps people to secure their family from starving wherein gardens can offer foods

for the family and away of being exposing to the crowded place wherein the

tendency of getting virus.

How Do Plants Gardening Benefits Amidst of Pandemic

Table 4. Participants Responses on the Benefits of Plants Gardening

During Pandemic
Themes Relevant Responses
T1. Plants Gardening as "Gaya nga ng sagot ko sa pangatlong tanong
Economic Support pwede ito ibenta at ibili ng pagkain sa pang-
araw-araw.”[As what I've mentioned, it can be
sold to buy daily necessities.]
- Rose

"Nakakatulong ito ng malaki dahil hindi mo na

kailangan pang bumili dahil meron kanang
sariling tanim." [It’s really a big help because I
don't need to buy anymore.]
- Malunggay

"Bilang negosyo ang pagtatanim ng bulaklak

sa kalagitnaan ng pandemya upang
magkaroon ng kita kahit papaano". [Through
making it as my business in the midst of
pandemic; it's a source of income.]
- Sampaguita
 52

"Napakalaki ng naitulong nito, dahil hindi mo

na kailangang mamalengke o pumunta sa
mga malapit na talipapa para bumili ng
pansahog na gulay. Nakatipid rin ako sa
pambili ng pagkain dahil sa panahon ngayon
ang mahal na ng mga bilihin. Napakasarap ng
mga gulay na mula sa sarili mong
bakuran,dahil alam mong malinis at organic
ito". [Gardening is a big help because I don't
need to go to the market anymore just to buy
ingredients. Also, I can save from my
expenses in foods. The vegetables from our
backyard are very tasty because they are
clean and organic.]
- Eggplant

T2. Plants Gardening as a "Nagsisilbing stress reliever ang aking mga

Stress Reliever tanim. Araw-araw ito ay nagbibigay saya sa
akin". [My plants serve as my stress reliever
and it gives me happiness every day.]
- Squash

"Ang pagtatanim ay nagsisilbing stress reliever

o pampalipas-oras upang tayo'y may
paglibangan…. ".[Gardening serves as stress
reliever and pastime....]
- Sunflower

"Dahil ito ay nakaka relax, nakaka tulong sa

iyong pangangatawan, dahil sa kanyang
halimuyak." [For the reason that it is relaxing,
it helps the body, because it releases
fragrances.]
- Gumamela

“…nagsilbing stress reliever ko.”[…it serves as

my stress reliever.]
- Rose

T3. Plants Gardening as “…..sa ganitong paraan mababawasan ang

Control for People to Go paglabas ng mga tao ngayong pandemya.” […
Outside their Homes in this way, it will lessen the people going
outside their homes in this time of pandemic.]
- Sunflower
 53

The table presents the different responses of the participants on the

benefits they get from planting plants and developing gardens in the pandemic.

The following are the perceived benefits of gardening.

1. Plants Gardening as Economic Support. One of the many seen

benefits of gardening is its ability to provide the needs and as a source of

income. Plants’ gardening became an economic support to the participants

wherein they see it as an opportunity to gain profit in middle of pandemic. The

four participants - Rose, Malunggay, Sampaguita, and Eggplant, responded that

gardening supported their economic status in different ways. Sampaguita said

that "Bilang negosyo ang pagtatanim ng bulaklak sa kalagitnaan ng pandemya

upang magkaroon ng kita kahit papaano". [Through making it as my business in

the midst of pandemic; it's a source of income]. Meaning, gardening became her

source of fund that’s why she considered as a small business in this time of

crisis. Varieties of flowers you can sell especially when the consumers are plants

lover and also there’s a new Plantitas who discover gardening during this

pandemic and they like to buy something unfamiliar to them. Schimmenti, et al.

(2013) found that consumers have a propensity to purchase organic potted

plants if they are available. Maybe, there are people who are business minded

and because of this pandemic, they are affected yet they think of something can

support their survival even though you are staying at home.

Similarly, Rose (not her real name) stated that "Gaya nga ng sagot ko sa

pangatlong tanong pwede ito ibenta at ibili ng pagkain sa pang-araw-araw.”[As

 54

what I've mentioned, it can be sold to buy daily necessities]. Meaning her

gardens provide her profit to support their daily necessities. She was satisfied in

planting and we felt the happiness in every single word she made. Plants’

gardening during this crisis was very helpful to our expenses especially those

person stop from their work. Furthermore, Malunggay (not her real name) said

that "Nakakatulong ito ng malaki dahil hindi mo na kailangan pang bumili dahil

meron kanang sariling tanim." [It’s really a big help because I don't need to buy

anymore].She was happy to share to us how gardening support her economic

status and how gardening benefits them well. No doubt that through plants’

gardening, it will help us to sustain our needs wherein you don’t need to buy

anymore because your gardens can provide what you want more importantly the

foods we eat. When you have your gardens, it will alleviate your expenses and

the vegetables coming from your gardens was delicious and organic.

Additionally, Eggplant (not her real name) was happily shared to us that

"Napakalaki ng naitulong nito, dahil hindi mo na kailangang mamalengke o

pumunta sa mga malapit na talipapa para bumili ng pansahog na gulay.

Nakatipid rin ako sa pambili ng pagkain dahil sa panahon ngayon ang mahal na

ng mga bilihin. Napakasarap ng mga gulay na mula sa sarili mong bakuran,dahil

alam mong malinis at organic ito". [Gardening is a big help because I don't need

to go to the market anymore just to buy ingredients. Also, I can save from my

expenses in foods. The vegetables from our backyard are very tasty because

they are clean and organic]. Meaning, gardening was a big help in the way that

you don’t need to use your energy and time to go to market because your
 55

gardens became your source of foods. Gardening amidst pandemic was

accommodating to support the everyday expenses of the participants especially

that we are in the quarantine stage and prohibited to go work outside and despite

of this crisis plants’ gardening help the participants to sustain their needs through

a simple way of selling and fill-in the necessities they needs to survive. Also,

gardening is an extra income especially now that we are lock-in to our house and

not allowed to work outside.

2. Plants Gardening as Stress Reliever. Stress reliever refers anything

that reduces anxiety, worry, and bother. The four participants namely; Squash,

Sunflower, Gumamela, and Rose said that plants gardening served as their

stress reliever, relaxation time, and it gave happiness to their daily life.

Gumamela (not her real name) said that "Dahil ito ay nakaka relax,

nakaka tulong sa iyong pangangatawan, dahil sa kanyang halimuyak." [For the

reason that it is relaxing, it helps the body, because it releases fragrances. ].

Meaning, the fragrance coming from the plants can relieve the stress we had

especially in this time of crisis. Maybe, when person smell the flowers, they can

scent it like a perfume or relieve their feelings. Being surrounded by plants can

greatly change people’s mood and keep them calm. And as we go through in the

extra-stressful times, be sure to give ourselves the respite and simple joy of it.

The gardening doesn’t have to be expensive wherein the fresh air and sunshine

are still free for you to reduce your stress and in garden, we can almost always

feel better. It was being justified by the participant named Squash (not her real
 56

name) stated that "Nagsisilbing stress reliever ang aking mga tanim. Araw-araw

ito ay nagbibigay saya sa akin". [My plants serve as my stress reliever and it

gives me happiness every day]. Similar thoughts with other participants named

Sunflower and Rose that plants’ gardening reduce their stress and give

enjoyment while doing this recreational activity.

Gardeners through the ages have written of the benefits of gardening,

which have proven to be much more than sentimental and emotional. Science

validates that gardening is good for the human body, mind and spirit. In response

to Covid-19 pandemic, many of us are experiencing new pressures. We have to

adapt work, play and habits and happily plants’ gardening is something that we

can continue to do. The effect of the nature serves to stimulate both senses and

the mind, improving mental cognition and performance. By their beauty, colors

and smell, plants in gardens enhance a sense of tranquility and enjoyment

(Kaplan, 2003).

3. Plants Gardening as Control for People to Go Outside their

Homes. People who are engaged in plants gardening have minimal desire of

hanging out with persons outside especially in the middle of crisis because their

attention is into their plants. Sunflower (not her real name) said that “…..sa

ganitong paraan mababawasan ang paglabas ng mga tao ngayong pandemya.”

[…in this way, it will lessen the people going outside their homes in this time of

pandemic]. We agreed to this idea that through plants’ gardening, it would lessen

the peoples' activities of going outside their homes in this time of pandemic. Their
 57

attention swift into gardening and forget for a while their outside activities.

Accordingly, plants’ gardening creates a bond in the family. Planting can be

enjoyed with solo or with the family. It is a good opportunity for the family to

strengthen the bond by planting together. In an American study in New York, the

researchers found that community gardening can have a positive effect on social

cohesion in the neighborhoods (Armstrong, 2000). During this crisis, lots of

people chose plants’ gardening as activities at home and through this, they can

still connect to their usual days to do before and the member of the family still

have more time to bond in just simple way of this kind of activity which is

gardening.

Effects of Plants Gardening Among the Plantitas in Time of Pandemic

Table 5. Participants Responses on the Effects of Plants Gardening During

Pandemic
Themes Relevant Responses

T1. Plants Gardening as a "Nakaapekto sa paraang nagbibigay ito aliw at

ehersisyo narin sa ating katawan...".
Workout [Gardening helps me in a way that it gives
enjoyment and exercise to the body.]
- Malunggay

T2. Plants Gardening as a "Nagiging busy po ako, at napunta ang oras

ko sa pagtatanim kesa naman mag babad sa
Diversion social media at malungkot sa mga balita". [I
became busy and I drifted my attention to
planting, which was better compared to
spending time on social media and sulk on
news.]
- Eggplant

"Nakaaapekto ang pagtatanim sa panahon ng

pandemic dahil sa halip na gumala ay
magtanim na lang ako,… ". [Planting affected
me during the pandemic because instead of
 58

planning to go out I stayed home and did

gardening.]
- Squash

T3. Other Views on the " …..makatulong kapa gobyerno at happy pill
ko ang mga tanim ko". [… at the same time
Effects of Plants Gardening we are helping the government by following
their protocols. Plants serve as my happy pill
on their Way of Living as well.]
- Squash

"Nakakatulong ito lalo na sa panahon ng

pandemic, ginagawa kong libangan ang
pagtatanim at pampatanggal ng stress".
[During this pandemic plants gardening
became my hobby and it helped me in easing
my distress.]
- Rose

"…. at nakabawas ng gastos".[ ….and lessen

my expenses.]
- Malunggay

"Ito ay nakakatulong din kapag may bumibili".

[ It helps when someone buys our plants.]
- Gumamela

"Nakaapekto ang pagtatanim sa positibong

paraan, ito ay nakakatulong sa mga tao na
matustusan ang pagkain sa araw-araw kahit
papaano, sa simpleng pagbenta nito". [It's
really beneficial to me, through selling them, it
helps in sustaining our daily needs.]
- Sunflower

" Ang pagtatanim ay nakakatulong sa pang

araw-araw na pamumuhay upang
mapapaganda ang isang simpleng tahanan o
pamayanan". [Gardening helps us in our
everyday lives especially in beautifying home
and community.]
- Sampaguita
 59

The table features the responses of the participants on how their gardens

or their planting plants affect their lives. Three themes were generated and are

discussed below:

1. Plants Gardening as a Workout. Planting can be an alternative

exercise especially in this time of pandemic. Many businesses, including gyms,

were closed. Malunggay (not her real name) said that "Nakaapekto sa paraang

nagbibigay ito aliw at ehersisyo narin sa ating katawan...". [Gardening helps me

in a way that it gives enjoyment and exercise to the body.] She expressed that

plants gardening affected her way of living through the happiness and exercise

planting gave to her body. During the interview with her, she responded the

questions quickly, because she felt nervous having those interview with her. But

later she felt comfortable to be with and share her story about how plants

gardening serve as an exercise with her.

Planting at backyard can be a substitute to daily workouts. It uses many

different muscle groups while increasing flexibility (Anderson, 2011). A green

environment in general may encourage people to have physical exercise.

Physical exercise can have positive effects on different health determinants and

reduces the risk of different kinds of chronic diseases (Gezondheidsraad, 2004).

Exercise is one of the factors that maintain fitness and good health. Beneficial

effects of allotment gardens have been attributed to various factors, including

enhanced physical activities, reduced levels of stress and mental fatigue, and a

better social and cultural integration (Armstrong, 2000). Gardening involves

 60

many physical activities like pulling weeds, lifting pots, moving them from one

place to another, bending, walking, cutting, etc. Therefore, plants’ gardening

improves one’s flexibility and can be regarded as exercise.

2. Plants Gardening as a Diversion. Since pandemic brought sad news

on every social platform, plants gardening offered people diversion - from

scanning and scrolling their social media accounts into planting. Eggplant and

Squash explained that they used their time on plants’ gardening instead of doing

their usual activities in normal days. Eggplant (not her real name) shared to us

that "Nagiging busy po ako, at napunta ang oras ko sa pagtatanim kesa naman

mag babad sa social media at malungkot sa mga balita". [I became busy and I

drifted my attention to planting, which was better compared to spending time on

social media and sulk on news]. Meaning, she spent her time in planting instead

of browsing her social media account. Gardening became the alternative hobby

of the people during pandemic that instead of using the social media platforms,

they preferred this kind of activity in the middle of crisis. In our side, social media

was also give you relaxation yet lots of sad news that you can see that will make

you feel different kind of emotions wherein plants’ gardening provide you a

relaxation time and a sense of comfort without thinking for a while this crisis

brought by pandemic.

Squash (not her real name) said that "Nakaaapekto ang pagtatanim sa

panahon ng pandemic dahil sa halip na gumala ay magtanim na lang ako,… ".

[Planting affected me during the pandemic because instead of planning to go out

 61

I stayed home and did gardening]. She want to emphasized that its’ preferred

planting than hanging outside. It seems that during this crisis, many of us are

trying to become more self-sufficient. While someone just starting out their

quarantine garden might not be able to fully replace their shopping hobby and

growing plants is a great way to feel connected to the outdoors activity and to life

in a time of uncertainty and isolation. Additionally, hanging outside during

pandemic may have the possibility of being infected by the virus and once you

are being classified as positive, the whole family may suffer into this kind of

lifeless.

3. Other Views on the Effects of Plants Gardening in their Way of

Living. The data revealed other effects of plants gardening to the way living of

the Plantitas namely: helping the government, serving as leisure time and stress

reliever, lessening the expenses, providing foods, gaining profit, and beautifying

home and community.

Squash (not her real name) said that " …..makatulong kapa gobyerno at

happy pill ko ang mga tanim ko". [… at the same time we are helping the

government by following their protocols. Plants serve as my happy pill as well].

The Covid-19 pandemic forced the people to stay at home and the usual things

to do before this crisis changed for a while. Adapting to this kind of situation

wherein outdoors life became your usual days before was hard time and takes

effort to acquire this condition. However, this kind of policy is for the safety of

people in order to lessen the cases in the Covid-19 and through following rules
 62

set by the government, we can help them in just simple way of staying in our

house. And while staying at home, plants’ gardening was an alternative activity

for you to stay connected in your life especially when you are workaholic person.

Furthermore, Sunflower (not her real name) stated that "Nakaapekto ang

pagtatanim sa positibong paraan, ito ay nakakatulong sa mga tao na matustusan

ang pagkain sa araw-araw kahit papaano, sa simpleng pagbenta nito". [It's really

beneficial to me, through selling them, it helps in sustaining our daily needs].

Plants’ gardening provide foods that will help the family to sustain their needs. In

the middle of pandemic, people struggle to find food at grocery stores during this

crisis yet Sunflower justified that her growing garden at home can offer foods for

the member of the family. We are amazed in her hard work and positivity in life

that will encouraged to look this crisis as a challenge as a test for us to become

stronger.

Similar with Malunggay and Gumamela said that plants gardening affected

them through financial matter wherein it lessened their expenses, especially

when people would buy their plants. Additionally, Rose stated that plants

gardening helped her especially in the middle of pandemic that she did it as her

leisure and also as a stress reliever. Well, it was being mentioned above about

the benefits of plants’ gardening as leisure time and as a stress reliever that

through this gardening it help one’s mind of do not think too much and when you

are doing gardening it will feel you relax, comfort, and happiness. Gardening in

quarantine, there are countless benefits that can help us cope with feelings of

isolation, lack of motivation and low self-esteem. The psychological benefits of

 63

gardening are scientifically proven wherein whether you grow indoors or

outdoors, plants’ gardening helps increase self-esteem, lower stress and improve

your overall mood. According to Unruh (2004), the possible meaning of

gardening in daily life is diverse and dependent on individual interest, past

gardening experiences and current circumstances. It was revealed that

gardening can be a possible coping strategy for stressful life experiences and

can be beneficial for the physical, emotional, social and spiritual well-being.

Beneficial effects of allotment gardens have been attributed to various factors,

including enhanced physical activities, reduced levels of stress and mental

fatigue, and a better social and cultural integration (Armstrong, 2000).

Sampaguita (not her real name) shared to us that " Ang pagtatanim ay

nakakatulong sa pang araw-araw na pamumuhay upang mapapaganda ang

isang simpleng tahanan o pamayanan". [Gardening helps us in our everyday

lives especially in beautifying home and community]. Gardening can also beautify

the surrounding through the creating different landscape of flowers and

vegetables, it will add to the beauty of the home. Planting in the pots, decorating

the four corner of the area of your house, and planting plants outside your house

can attract the people eyes and good for morning sighting. This kind of activity

helps to beautifying her simple home and community.

The plants’ gardening in time of pandemic changed the life we usual do

before but in a good way wherein in just simple way of planting, lots of benefits

can provide in any aspect of life such as physical, psychological, social, and

economic. We forget for a while that we are in crisis and gardening served as an
 64

activity while we are dealing with the pandemic. Also, this little way of activity can

encourage the child to engage in gardening and to have strong bond with your

kids, mother, father, and everyone in the family. Gardening during pandemic

changed the Plantitas outlook in life in a way that they appreciate more the

plants’ gardening in this time of crisis.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter centers on the summary of findings, conclusions, and

recommendations of the study.

Summary of Findings

This study employed the qualitative case study method. It is entitled

Perceptions of Plantitas on Plants Gardening in Time of Pandemic: A Case of

Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City. The researchers chose the participants purposively

as the respondents of their study and there were seven (7) Filipino Plantitas in

Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City who willingly participated and cooperated. These
 65

participants were 15-50 years old, active plantitas without the purpose of selling

their products in the market, and have the confidence to share their perceptions

on plant gardening during pandemic.

The study was conducted to find out the perceptions of plantitas on plants

gardening during the time of pandemic. The findings revealed that there are

fifteen (15) themes categorized regarding the Perceptions of Plantitas on Plants

Gardening in Time of Pandemic: A Case of Sitio Lasang, Koronadal City. These

are: Lockdown as Causes of Plants Gardening, Finding Leisure Time as Causes

of Plants Gardening, Other Causes of Involvement in Plants Gardening,

Outsourcing of Plants, Physical Cultivation of Plant Gardens, Plantitas’ Other

Ways on Developing Plants Gardening, Plants Gardening as Leisure Time,

Safety and Security of the Family Against Pandemic, Other Views on Plants

Gardening as a Choice during Pandemic, Plants Gardening as Economic

Support, Plants Gardening as a Stress Reliever, Plants Gardening as Control for

People to Go Outside their Homes, Plants Gardening as a Workout, Plants

Gardening as a Diversion, Other Views on the Effects of Plants Gardening on

their Way of Living.

Regarding the involvement on plants gardening in time of pandemic, the

findings showed that the causes of plantitas' plants gardening is the lockdown

where everyone is forced to stay at home to be safe; the leisure time especially

during this time of pandemic; to avoid stress caused by the pandemic,

recreational activities has a great impact and gardening is one of these; and
 66

because of the health benefits that they can get from the plants and the profit that

they can earn.

In developing their gardens, most of the respondents said that it is through

collecting different kinds of plants which most specifically came from their

neighbors or from exchanging plants altogether. It is their way to collect more

and different variety of plants without spending money. They exchange plants to

grow their garden even bigger. Also, all participants stated that sometimes their

plants were given to them by the barangay and some are being purchased.

Then, physical cultivation of plants gardening includes some techniques from

Plantitas to grow their plants healthy and beautiful. Plantitas like Squash,

Sampaguita, and Eggplant (not their real name) put fertilizer to grow their plants

healthy and beautiful. They also cultivate the soil and water it to sustain the

needs of the plants. Aside from this, Plantitas are also collecting lots of plants to

beautify their surrounding and make it more attractive. And the other way to

develop plant gardening is through talking to the plants. Gumamela (not her real

name) do often talk to her plants and gained healthy fruits at the end.

Plantitas stated that they chose to plant because of leisure time. It helps

them relax and enjoy collecting plants despite of the pandemic. A plantita namely

Gumamela (not her real name) also chose gardening as a routine instead of

going out to keep her family safe. Other plantita namely Sunflower (not her real

name) choose gardening because it is her passion since then. Also, Gumamela

(not her real name) chose gardening because it gives her a self-fulfilment and

they felt happy seeing plants grow.

 67

In terms of benefits of plants gardening during time of pandemic to the

plantitas, it is found out that it helps them on their financial needs. The world

faces a huge crisis where every aspect of the government was affected

especially the economy. Many people lost their jobs and rely on plant gardening

to sustain their financial needs. It also serves them as a stress reliever. Plantitas

like Squash, Gumamela, and Rose (not their real name) considered taking care

of their plants as a stress reliever. Engaging themselves in gardening serves as

their leisure activity that can help them avoid stress. Also, watering the plants,

cleaning the plants, and cultivating the soil can lead to relaxation. Plants can

generate positive mood which can help in relaxing their minds. Also, Sunflower

(not her real name) engaged herself in gardening to minimize going out that may

result to danger which can risk her family’s safety. She gave her attention to plant

gardening to avoid hanging outside.

Gardening had a huge impact to the plantitas life especially during the time

of pandemic. It serves as their escape to the pandemic and an activity that the

family enjoys without risking their health and safety. Results showed that plants

gardening can also be a work out. For instance, it is their way of exercising to

maintain their physical health because through gardening, they can stretch their

muscles by bending it as what Malunggay (not her real name) said. Eggplant

and Sunflower (not their real name) chose gardening to divert her attention into

something positive. Also, they gain more benefits in gardening like free

vegetables to eat. There are as well other effects like instead of hanging out they

prefer to plant, helping the government, and it serves as their leisure time and as
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a stress reliever during pandemic. Gardening can improve physical, social, and

mental health at the same time as stated by the respondents.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. That many plantitas started gardening even before pandemic happened

but engaged themselves in gardening more during pandemic as it became the

trend and people are urged to stay at home for safety purposes. Furthermore,

pandemic boost their dedications in gardening to pursue it despite of the

situation;

2. On the development of plant gardening, plantitas collect their plants by

doing a barter or exchanging of plants or these are provided by the barangay.

Moreover, plantitas applied some techniques like cultivating the soil, watering it,

and talking to the plants to sustain their needs. Hence, developing plant

gardening is not only by buying varieties of plants but also through barter. Plants

also need techniques to grow beautifully and healthy.

3. Plantitas chose gardening during the time of pandemic because of leisure

time and also it is their passion since then. Therefore, plantitas chose gardening

to divert their attention and to relax. It is also concluded that there are many

plantitas who started earlier before pandemic happened because of passion.

4. On the benefits of plants gardening during pandemic, the findings showed

that engaging in gardening can sustain their financial needs in everyday lives. It

is therefore concluded that the main purpose of plantitas in growing plants is to

 69

sustain the needs of their family especially during the time of pandemic where

many people lost their source of income. Thus, they grow plants and sell it to

gain profit.

5. Plant gardening can also be a stress reliever especially during the time of

pandemic. It is therefore concluded that gardening in time of pandemic is a great

way to relax and free from negativity caused by pandemic. It is a good activity to

enjoy with the family without risking your health.

6. On the effect of plant gardening to the way of living of plantitas, it shows

that gardening has many benefits. It is therefore concluded that gardening has

benefits not only to beautify the surroundings but also to improve social, physical,

and mental health.

Recommendation

With the findings at hand, the following are recommended:

1. Since gardening is a trend now, involvement of plantitas in plants

gardening during pandemic become their leisure activity, therefore it is

recommended to the local government to launch programs like seminars through

online that can help other plantitas who want to learn more about gardening and

also to guide them as they start their careers as plantitas.

2. The results showed that some plantitas get their plants in their baranggay

and neighbors by doing barter. It is therefore recommended to the plantitas to do

 70

propagation like cutting of seedlings of plants and repotting to grow their garden

bigger and to minimize physical contact in collecting their plants to avoid

spreading the virus. Also, it is recommended to the plantitas to do grafting to

produce more varities of plants.

3. Plantitas into gardening to unwind and relieve tension brought on by the

pandemic. It has also been their passion since then and seeing plants flourish

gives them a sense of fulfillment. It is therefore recommended that the plantitas

urge others to begin gardening right now.

4. Plants gardening in time of pandemic become the plantitas’ stress reliever

as they stayed at home. Also, it helps plantitas in their financial needs as they

sell their plants. It is therefore recommended to the plantitas to avoid too much

contact with other people in selling plants to ensure their safety. Communicating

online is way better instead of doing it face to face.

5. Plantitas divert their attention in plant gardening as it serves as their

escape to the pandemic. It also becomes their workout to stay health. It gave

them a positive physical and mental benefits. Therefore, it is recommended to

those who wants to be fit and healthy despite of the pandemic to do gardening

instead of enrolling in gym to avoid the spread of the virus. Also, it will enhance

the ambiance of your environment.

6. For future researchers, the results of the study might be their basis to

conduct another study related to the plantitas.

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