MANUEL V.

GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.

Name: Nick M. Santos Jr. Research Capstone

Grade/Section: XII-Gallileo Activity
Title: Responses of Lady's Finger to Different Treatment of Fruits Scraps and Vegetable Waste Mixtures

Brief Introduction:

 Home gardening has been a temporary entertainment for the Filipinos that need to stay in their respective
homes because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The establishments and events have been cancelled as
implementation of lockdown in the country has been done. Many lost their jobs and have a hard time surviving
to provide the basic needs. Even going to the local market have been a great concern to those citizens afraid of
getting infected with the virus. Because of that, many became interested in having own garden inside their
homes and it has been more convenient to raise their own crops. However, due to the cost of commercial
fertilizer, home gardeners hope for more affordable and organic one with materials that are readily-available in
their homes.

Background of the study:

 That the COVID-19 cases are rising, every Filipinos should stay at respective home. Being a 'Plantito' and
'Plantita' is a trend nowadays for the people to be relaxed and find alternative ways to spend time instead of
going outside. This research can help home gardeners to make low-cost yet organic fertilizer for the plants if
gardeners do not afford commercial or chemical fertilizers. It gives the people who became jobless due to the
pandemic to make profit by selling this kind of fertilizer or using it for plant-related businesses. This study
benefits all the farmers and home gardeners to discover new ways to develop organic fertilizer and benefit the
environment at the same time.
 According to Commission on Human Rights, the result of the pandemic could be cited on tons of mismanaged
garbage; the collection of garbage from quarantine facilities, lockdown regions, and isolation centers poses a
unique set of risks to local people, as people may be infected with the corona virus. The environmental
degradation people are subjected to daily can result in severe and ongoing violations of our human rights (Lalu,
2021). Since Filipino people are most likely experiencing higher poor waste management disposal in the
country compared to the pre-pandemic situation, making an initiative to reuse degradable wastes such as fruits
scraps and vegetable waste can benefit the whole community. The article of rappler.com by Bagayas (2020)
reported that According to a UN Environment Program estimate, the Philippines is the fourth greatest producer
of solid waste among ASEAN states, with 14.66 million tons produced per year. According to the Philippines'
Environment Management Bureau, the country's annual garbage might reach 18.05 million tons by 2020. Only
62 percent of LGUs in the Philippines, or 1,005 out of 1,634 LGUs, have a 10-year solid waste management
plan authorized by the NSWMC as of November 2020, nearly 20 years after the law was created. Due to a lack
of cash, space, and resources, many people are still working on getting their plans authorized.
 As the residential wastes become higher than the usual years without pandemic, most Filipino people stay at
home during the breakthrough of the Covid-19 virus, and most likely, people tend to produce more residential
waste. Bagayas (2020) stated that fruit and vegetable scraps were one of the high contributors to residential
wastes, often produced by residential and commercial establishments. It is a type of waste that degrades, and
when improper disposal takes its place, degradable garbage such as fruit scrap and vegetable waste can affect
the community's health if it is overlooked. To reduce the degradable wastes like fruit and vegetable scrap, it can
be helpful for people who patronize gardening as a hobby or way of making an income since fruit and vegetable
waste was widely known as an effective natural fertilizer for plants. Since fruit and vegetable scraps are purely
 MANUEL V. GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.

natural, people who will try to utilize this type of fertilizer for the garden or business plantation would not have to
worry about the fertilizer's chemical and toxin contents.
 The dependent variable is expected to change as a result of experimental manipulation which is adding
alternative home gardening fertilizer made out of fruit scraps and vegetable waste mixture. It focuses on how
the experimental group responds to the independent variable in terms of plant height, number of leaves and
number of flowers. Plant height is a critical morphological and developmental characteristic that directly reflects
overall plant growth and is a strong predictor of grain yield and biomass (Wang, Singh, Marla et al., 2018). On
the other hand, the study of Ci, Cui and Liang (2015) stated that the number of leaves attributes in growth by
competing in height and photosynthesis. Meanwhile, it is concluded in the study of Tiwari, et. al. (2017) that
flowering of okra plant were significantly affected by growth indicator that increased the yield
 The immediate context of this research study is to know the various effects of utilizing an organic fertilizer like
biodegradable wastes such as fruit and vegetable scraps as these biodegradable wastes have a significant
amount produced by the residential and commercial establishments, which may have an impact on the
environment and the community. As organic waste generation was widely spreading, people should not
overlook this situation and take immediate action to prevent various adverse effects on humans and the
environment. The researchers will make an alternative fertilizer out of recycled fruit scraps and vegetable
wastes and will observe how it might affect the experimental group to know if it will be effective as an alternative
fertilizer.

Statement of the Problem:

 This research aims to answer the following questions:

1. How may the organic fertilizer be described in terms of its :

1.1. mass;

1.2. volume; and

1.3. fruit scraps and vegetable waste composition?

2. How may the effects of the different treatments of organic fertilizer on okra plant be compared in terms of:

2.1 plants’ height;

2.2 number of flowers/ okra fruits; and

2.3. number of leaves?

3. Is there a relationship between the organic fertilizers and the responses of the okra plant?

Hypothesis:

 H0 1: The alternative home gardening fertilizer made from fruit scraps and vegetable wastes have significant
relationship to the plant responses in terms of height, number of flowers and number of leaves.
 H1 2: The alternative home gardening fertilizer made from fruit scraps and vegetable wastes have no significant
relationship to the plant responses in terms of height, number of flowers and number of leaves.

Aim and objective:

1. Describe how may the organic fertilizer be described in terms of its :

1.1. mass;
 MANUEL V. GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.

1.2. volume; and

1.3. fruit scraps and vegetable waste composition?

2. Describe how may the effects of the different treatments of organic fertilizer on okra plant be compared in terms of:

2.1 plants’ height;

2.2 number of flowers/ okra fruits; and

2.3. number of leaves?

3. Describe if there is a relationship between the organic fertilizers and the responses of the okra plant?

Study design:

Causal research design

Subjects and Respondents:

 The researchers will have four okra plants as the test subjects. The experimental group that consists of three okra
plants will receive the different treatments of organic fertilizer made out of vegetable and fruit scraps. The other one
will not receive the treatments but will be under the same conditions as the experimental group. The two groups will
be compared to see how the organic fertilizer affects the experimental group, to know if it will be effective as an
alternative fertilizer.

Data collection methods and instruments:

 To get the appropriate data needed, the researchers will use tape measure as an instrument in measuring the okra

plant's (both experimental and control group) height from the ground to the tip. Tape measure scale can be applied

both in inches (inch.) and centimeters (cm.) but in this study, the researchers will be only using the unit of

centimeters (cm.)

Data analysis methods:

 Since this study is using replicates to see if it's beneficial in multiple locations, the researchers will need to

determine the weighted mean/average of all the data they gathered in order to interpret the data.

Mechanism to assure the quality of the study:

 To ensure the study's quality, researchers must understand which unique research design is suited for their study,
as well as the data integrity, quality, and reliability, which must be maintained at all stages of the project.

Study period: SY:2021-2022.

 MANUEL V. GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.

Participants and subjects in the study:

 The subject to be used in this study is the Okra plant, also known as Lady's Fingers, and has the
botanical name Abelmoschus esculentus. The okra plant will be having three different treatment with 2
replication.
 The researchers created a voting poll, which is a survey of opinions from a particular sample. The result
of the poll shows that the okra plant was chosen by the researchers to be the subject of the research.
This outcome is because the okra plant is easy to cultivate and available in everyone’s household.
Moreover, The Philippines is considered a tropical country because it is close to the equator; it
experiences much warmer temperatures year-round due to the equator's near-constant exposure to
sunlight (Lin, 2021). And that is what the okra plant needed since it is a tropical plant that is grown in
tropical to subtropical and warm temperate regions (Anwar et al., 2020). It grows best in warm climates
and is available year-round, with a peak season during the summer (Ehler, 2020).
 The participants will be the researchers, since the researchers will be the one who will observe the plant (Okra
plant) in terms of: plant of height; and numbers of leaves so they will answer the research problem by observing
and answering the observation sheet.

Ethical consideration:

According to Bhandari (2021), the ethical considerations are:

 Voluntary participation means that all research subjects are free to choose to participate without any pressure
or coercion.
 Informed consent refers to a situation in which all potential participants receive and understand all the
information they need to decide whether they want to participate.
 Anonymity means that you don’t know who the participants are and you can’t link any individual participant to
their data.
 Confidentiality means that you know who the participants are, but you remove all identifying information from
your report.
 Potential harm means the possible harm to anything will or should be kept to an absolute minimum.
 Result communication meaning that the research and the information are not plagiarize and have a proper
citation to the rightful owners.

Resources:

 The researchers selected the fruit scrap and vegetable waste that is available to their home as our fertilizer,
therefore we will not spend any money in creating the fertilizer.
 The researchers will buy the seedling in available shop as our subject in the study, therefore they will contribute to
buy the specific seedling that will use in their study.
 The researchers will use recycled pots (plastic cups) in order to not spend money on buying pots, also to make use
of the cups.

References:

Ethical consideration: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/research-ethics/ , this research are based on our

group research.
 MANUEL V. GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.

Appendices:

Observation sheets:
MANUEL V. GALLEGO
FOUNDATION COLLEGES, INC.