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NEXT GENERATION ELECTRONIC ARCHITECTURE (NGEA)

NGEA AND MACHINE ETHERNET
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MODULE 1 - TEXT REFERENCE

SERV2111

CAT, CATERPILLAR, their respective logos, ACERT, “Caterpillar Yellow” and the POWER EDGE
trade dress, as well as corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar
and may not be used without permission. © 2017 Caterpillar Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY BRIEFING..................................................................................................................... 3
PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................... 4
REASON ..................................................................................................................................... 5
COMPETENCY STATEMENT ..................................................................................................... 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES ............................................................................................................ 7
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGIES ..................................................................................... 8
CATERPILLAR MACHINE NETWORK TOPOLOGIES .............................................................. 9
WHY MOVE FROM CAN TO ETHERNET? ......................................................................... 10-11
CAN VS ETHERNET - PROS AND CONS ............................................................................... 12
INFORMATION EXCHANGED ON DATA LINKS ......................................................................13
NGEA TERMINOLOG...Y................................................................................................................ 14
PURPOSE REVIEW ...................................................................................................................15
REASON REVIEW .................................................................................................................... 16
COMPETENCY STATEMENT REVIEW .................................................................................... 17
LEARNING OUTCOMES REVIEW ........................................................................................... 18
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SAFETY BRIEFING
• Emergency Phone Numbers
• First Aid Responders
• Location of Exits
• Location of Fire Extinguisher
• Room Alerts or Hazards
• Designated Location for Evacuation
• Storm Shelter
• Hazardous Material

Safely Home. Everyone. Every Day.™

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PURPOSE

This module is designed to ensure participants can

identify NGES topologies and to ensure
understanding why the move from CAN to ethernet
was made.

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REASON

This training is necessary to identify NGEA

topologies and be able to explain why the move
from CAN to Ethernet was made.

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COMPETENCY STATEMENT

At the completion of this module, participants will

be able to successfully complete the following
exercises:
• Lab 2: Machine Walkaround
• Post-Assessment

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

Participants will meet the following learning

outcomes during this NGEA and Machine Ethernet
module:
• Identify NGEA topologies
• Understand the reason for the move from CAN to
ethernet

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Bus Current - CAN (J1939), CDL, ATA

Point-to-Point

New - NGEA Ethernet Solution

2-Wire and 4-Wire
Switched or Star

Ring Not used by Caterpillar

Bus: All devices connected to the same wires. This is the current configuration for
CAN (J1939), CDL, and ATA.

Point-to-Point (Daisy Chain): Two or more components connected together in series.

NGEA
Switched: One switch with multiple components. Combining switched topologies
to expand the network. Wired home networks use this topology.

Ring: Redundant path to get message. Two ways for messages to get from
one ECM to another. Need control to prevent multiple messages and to prevent
messages that repeat around the ring forever. Not being used by Caterpillar today.
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ECU A
ECU1 Integrated Unit

ECU A
ECU B
ECU2

+ +
Port 0

SWITCH
ECU3 ECU C
Port 1 Port 2 Port 3

ECUn ECU D ECU B ECU C ECU D

BUS (J1939/CAN) Point to Point Switched

Topology Topology Topology

Ethernet Ethernet
ECU1 ECU A ECU B

Point to Point Ethernet

BUS (J1939/CAN)

=
ECU2
SWITCH

ECU3 Ethernet

ECU B ECU C ECU D

ECUn Switched

Mixed Topology Network 9

CAT MACHINE NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

Both CAN and ethernet will be combined together in bus, point to point, and
switched configurations to create a mixed topology networks on Cat machines.
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• 200 times more bandwidth

ethernet - 10 channels at 10 ms (milliseconds) - 100% CAN bus load
- 560 channels at 10 ms - 9% ethernet load
Note: these figures were taken over data link under test conditions, not
not during normal operation
• Enables use of digital HD cameras and 360° surround view
• 5-10 times faster to support larger
Ethernet enhances or enables:
Autonomy: which has vision and other systems that produce large amounts of data
ethernet
for processing and control. Current CAN datalinks can no support the bandwidth
requirements for these systems. Ethernet is already used today for autonomous
haul trucks and the semi-autonomous tractor system.

Operator Coaching: by provide the pipe for video to stream to the onboard display
to coach the user how to correctly operate his machine after the machine software
detections opportunities for improved productivity.

Improved Site Integration: by allowing the transfer of more data from the machine
to the site systems. Future automated or autonomous sites will be able to see
tighter integration between the site and onboard machine controls.
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CONTINUED
Mining customers are asking for higher speed data being pushed directly to their
own site system via WIFI as they created their own productivity solutions. Current
CDL and CAN datalinks can’t support this.

Data Analytics: capability is increased. Today with CDL and CAN, when data for
analytics (Supercomm, On-Board Analytics Applications) is requested, it is
competing with the control bus. If too much information is requested the controls
datalink can be overloaded which could cause control issues. The control bus and
ethernet information bus are separated, we can ask for data (on the information bus)
without interfering with the control bus. CAN – 297 pieces of data every 120ms.

Advanced Operator Displays: improved system performance due to higher data

bandwidth. Also faster display software flashing and more advanced video capability.
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CAN (J1939)
Bandwidth 250 or 500 kb/s 10 or 100 Mb/s (200x bandwidth of CAN)
Flash Speed Example: 17 min CAN flash Example: 1 Min Ethernet Flash
Wire Type 18AWG 2-wire twisted pair 20AWG 2 or 4-wire twisted pair
Connectors Traditional Amp and Deutch connectors New BR Style connectors
Repairability Common Repairs Patch cables
Robustness Less senstive to defects and twist rate More senstive to defects and twist rate
Machine Use Information, Flash, Controls Information, Flash only (Controls in Future)
Network Type Bus Network with Terminating Resistors Point-to-Point no Terminating Resistors
Cable Jacketing Not required Required
Diagnostics Comm for each ECM Comm for each network
Field Cable Repair Yes No - cable replacement
Bend Radius 33mm
Mating Cycles 50 20
Length 15m
# of Interconnects 5 segments with 4 inline connectors
Con
Pro
Comparable

12
CAN VS ETHERNET - PROS AND CONS
• CDL is a proprietary Caterpillar datalink
• CAN and ethernet are industry standards
of CAN systems vs. Ethernet
System • Ethernet cables cannot be hand manufactured for replacement

Differences between CAN and 2-wire ethernet:

• Bend radius
• Testing
• Number of mating cycles for contacts
• Pin-to-pin contacts (A6 ECMs)
• Maximum number of segments and inline connectors: 5 segments 4
connectors
• Maximum 2-wire ethernet, 15 m maximum recommended, tested to 25 m
• Testing on a machine will be different. Continuity will not be good enough
• Distance for ethernet circuits from high voltage circuits
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CAN (J1939)
• Critical control/performance data for precise control system operation

Ethernet
• Product service information for the technician
- Status Information
- Information
- Diagnostic Information
• Product performance information for owners, operators, dealers
- Engine RPM, Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature, etc.
- Snapshots
- Histograms
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NGEA TERMINOLOGY

• Review terms that will be used Ethernet:

through the NGEA ITTP
• Simplex: Communication in one direction only
• Duplex: Communication in both directions
• 2-Wire Ethernet
- + and – (No Tx or Rx)
• 4-Wire Ethernet
- Tx + and - = Transmit wires
- Rx + and - = Receive wires
Networks:
• Local Area Network (LAN): Machine network
• Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN): Machine private network
• Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN): Machine wireless
• Wide Area Network (WAN): Cell, satellite, site wireless
• Client: Asking for information
• Server: Giving information
• Channel: Full connection from ECM to ECM
• Segment: Partial connection between two ECMs
• 360° View: 3D bird’s eye surround view
Additional Terms:
• A6:N2: Network manager hardware platform
• A6:V4: Vision ECU hardware platform
• B-Cam: 2-wire ethernet digital camera
• Yellow Key: Network manager security key
• Blue Key: Non-network manager security key
• CSA Canadian Standards Association
• D6:Cx: Display platforms
• D6:C8 No-Touch: 8” No-touch display
• D6:C8 Touch: 8” touch display
• D6:C10 Touch: 10” touch display
• Effective UI: User interface effectiveness level
• Edge to Edge Glass (with thin Minimal bezel that creates the look of
glass to the edge of the display
• Flight Recording: ECM data recording
• Video Recording: Video data recording
• Full Sun (Temperature and Visibility): Full sun open cab mounting
• Indicator Strategy 2.0: New indicator strategy that supports LCD indicators and
amber/red warning lamps
• Integrated 1D, 2D and 3D Cat Grade Control (CGC): CGC 1, 2, and 3 degrees
of freedom
• HMI: Human Machine Interface
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PURPOSE REVIEW

This module was designed to ensure participants

can identify NGEA topologies and to ensure
understanding why the move from CAN to Ethernet
was made.

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REASON REVIEW

This training was necessary to identify NGEA

topologies and to be able to explain why the move
from CAN to ethernet was made.

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COMPETENCY STATEMENT REVIEW

Participants have completed Lab 2: Machine

Walkaround and have completed the post-
assessment with an accuracy rate of at least 80% to
demonstrating competency.

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LEARNING OUTCOMES REVIEW

Participants have meet the following learning

outcomes during this NGEA and Machine Ethernet
module:
• Identified NGEA topologies
• Understands the reason for the move from CAN to
ethernet

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