1. List types of computers and mobile devices.

- Desktops
- Laptops
- Servers
- Smartphones
- Tablets
- Touchscreen Laptops
- Digicams
- E-book readers
- Portable/Digital media players

2. Describe how personal computers often are differentiated.

- Usually differentiated by the operating systems they use. For example, Windows, Mac,
and Linux.

3. Explain how to avoid malware infections.

- Do not download or install unfamiliar software. Do not try to fall for free coupons for
free prizes, as they do not exist. For emails, save the attachments to your computer so
that the antivirus software can scan the file for possible malware. Have security
software ready to scan newly-placed USBs. Do more research on what you are about to
do next. If you are uncertain of legitimacy, exit. We do not need to get your computer
infected.

4. Define the term, motherboard.

- It is where these electric components and circuitry of a personal computer are
connected to. Can be sometimes called a system board which is the main circuit board
of a PC. Two of the main components of a motherboard include the processor and the
memory. Some can even contain sound, video, and networking abilities.

5. Describe the roles of the processor and memory.

- A processor, also known as a CPU (central processing unit), is an electronic component
that interprets and executes a computer's fundamental instructions. Electronic
components that make up the memory are used to store both data and instructions
that are waiting to be executed.

6. Differentiate among traditional and ultrathin laptops, tablets, phablets, and handheld
computers.
- Traditional laptops are lightweight, and thin mobile computers designed to fit in a
person’s lap. They weigh up to an average of only 7 pounds. Does things the average
desktop can do. Laptops have input devices such as keyboards, a touchpad, and a
webcam all built in it.
- Ultrathin laptops weight lesser than traditional laptops, they usually have a longer
battery life. Most of these run on Windows OS. In compensation for how thin they are,
they have fewer ports than traditional laptop and often require special dongles to attach
the cables that connect to the external display or network.
- Tablets, which are usually smaller than a laptop but larger than a phone, is a thin and
lighter-weight mobile computer that has a touch screen.
- Phablets are larger smartphones with screen sizes between traditional smartphones
and tablets. They offer a compromise between the two, providing a larger display for
media consumption and productivity while still being portable enough for phone use.
- Handheld computers are highly portable devices designed for specialized tasks such as
inventory management, data collection, and fieldwork. They often come with ruggedized
designs and specific software tailored to their intended use.

7. To interact with a tablet, you may use a touch screen or a(n) .

- Stylus

8. List steps to protect yourself from webcam spying.

- Some laptops have the option to turn off your cam, use it. If none, cover your camera
with a piece of tape.

9. List considerations when purchasing a mobile computer. Explain the importance of

built-in ports and slots.
- When buying a mobile computer, you should think about its purpose, performance,
portability, display, input methods, connectivity options, and battery life to make sure it
fits your needs.

10. A(n) desktop may be less expensive and take up less space.
- A desktop may be less costly and will take up lesser space compared to a traditional
tower PC. But more expensive than a laptop or smartphone.

11. Identify types of desktop users and explain how each user’s computer needs may differ.
- Based on their needs, desktop users can be put into various categories. Casual users
mostly use their desktops for simple tasks and like machines that are cheap and easy to
use. For gaming, gamers need powerful desktops with their own graphics cards. For
tasks like video editing and design, content creators need powerful PCs with fast CPUs
and GPUs. Focusing on compatibility with business software, business professionals put
reliability and security at the top of their lists. People who have home theaters need
desktops that are good with both video and audio. Knowing about these types of users
helps you choose the right desktop for their needs.

12. Identify how you can purchase the appropriate desktop computer for your needs.
- To buy the best desktop computer for your needs, you should first decide what you'll
mostly use it for, such as work, games, or general use. Next, make a spending plan so
you don't spend too much. Think about the performance needs of the computer based
on what you want to do with it. For example, gaming and video editing require more
power. Check the desktop's specs, especially the processor, memory (RAM), storage, and
graphics card, to make sure they meet your needs. Read reviews and ask for
suggestions to find brands and models you can trust. Last but not least, compare prices
from different stores to find the best deal and buy the item.
13. Describe the purpose and functions of a server. Differentiate among rack, blade, and
tower servers.
- Servers are special computers that can be used for more than one thing in a network.
Their main job is to store, manage, and send data, applications, and services to client
devices like computers, smartphones, and other servers. Servers do things like store
files, host websites, handle email, and support databases.

- Rack servers are small and made to fit in server racks, which helps save space in data
centers. Blade servers use even less space because multiple servers share a single
chassis. This cuts down on the amount of power and cooling needed. Tower servers, on
the other hand, look like traditional desktop PCs and are good for smaller businesses or
offices where space isn't an issue. Each type of server has its own benefits, and the right
one is chosen based on space, scalability, and computing needs.

14. Define virtualization as it relates to servers. Define the terms, server farm and
mainframe.
- Virtualization: Virtualization refers to the technology that allows a single physical server
or computer to run multiple virtual machines (VMs) or operating systems
simultaneously. Each VM operates as an independent instance, isolating applications
and data from the underlying hardware. Virtualization enhances server efficiency,
resource utilization, and flexibility, making it easier to allocate and manage computing
resources, reduce hardware costs, and improve scalability and disaster recovery
capabilities.

- Server Farm: A server farm, also known as a data center or server cluster, is a network
of interconnected servers that work together to provide computing power, data storage,
and various services. Server farms are used to handle high volumes of data and user
requests, ensuring redundancy and reliability by distributing workloads across multiple
servers. They are common in cloud computing environments and large-scale internet
services, ensuring high availability and load balancing.

- Mainframe: A mainframe is a large, high-performance computer system designed for

handling complex and critical tasks, such as data processing and transaction processing
for large organizations, financial institutions, and government agencies. Mainframes are
known for their robustness, reliability, and scalability. They often run multiple virtualized
instances, known as partitions, to efficiently manage various workloads and support
legacy applications.

15. Define the terms, terminal and thin client. List the advantages of a thin client.
- A terminal is a basic computer interface or device that allows users to interact with a
larger, more powerful computer or server, typically located remotely. It often consists of
a keyboard and monitor but lacks the processing power and storage capabilities of a
full-fledged computer. Terminals rely on the central computer for all computing tasks
 and primarily serve as input and output devices, making them useful for tasks like data
entry or accessing mainframe systems.

- A thin client is a simplified computing device that relies heavily on a central server or
cloud-based system to perform most computing tasks. It has limited processing power,
storage, and software capabilities. Thin clients are designed for tasks such as accessing
web-based applications, virtual desktops, or cloud-based resources. They are
lightweight, easy to manage, and cost-effective, making them suitable for scenarios
where centralized control and reduced hardware maintenance are advantageous.

16. Identify situations where POS terminals, ATMs, and self-service kiosks might be used.
List ATM safety guidelines.
- POS Terminals (Point of Sale): These are commonly used in retail stores, restaurants,
and hotels when customers make purchases or transactions.
- ATMs (Automated Teller Machines): ATMs are used primarily for banking transactions,
including cash withdrawals, balance inquiries, and fund transfers.
- Self-Service Kiosks: These can be found at airports for self-check-in, fast-food
restaurants for ordering, ticketing kiosks at theaters or transportation hubs, and
information kiosks in shopping malls or tourist attractions.

- Choose secure, well-lit locations. Protect your PIN by shielding the keypad. Be aware of
your surroundings, especially when withdrawing cash. Regularly check your bank
statements for any unauthorized transactions. Report any suspicious activity or
malfunctioning ATMs to your bank immediately.

17. A(n) is used to solve complex, sophisticated mathematical calculations, such as those
used in petroleum exploration.
- A supercomputer

18. List cloud computing resources. Describe how businesses use cloud computing to
manage resources.
- Cloud computing offers a wide range of resources and services, such as Infrastructure
as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), serverless
computing, storage, databases, and more. Businesses use cloud computing to manage
their IT resources in a way that is scalable, flexible, and cost-effective. They can easily
scale up or down resources based on demand, cut upfront capital costs, allow remote
work and collaboration, set up strong disaster recovery, improve security and
compliance, and boost productivity, all while letting cloud providers handle the
management of their IT infrastructure. This lets businesses focus on their main tasks
and come up with new ideas while using cloud computing to meet their changing needs.

19. List types of mobile devices. Describe features of a smartphone.

- Smartphones, Phablets, Tablets, Watches, etc.
- A smartphone has features like mobile connectivity for calls and texts, a touchscreen
interface for easy interaction, powerful processors and a lot of storage for running apps,
high-quality cameras for photos and videos, and support for sensors like GPS and
accelerometers. Also, smartphones often have biometric security features like
fingerprint sensors or facial recognition that make them safer, voice assistants that let
you control your phone without using your hands, and app ecosystems that let you
customize and personalize your phone. They are easy to carry around and can be used
for a wide range of everyday tasks.

20. Explain the issues surrounding the recycling of e-waste.

- Recycling e-waste is challenging due to toxic materials, diverse components, data
security concerns, and the risk of exporting waste to less regulated regions. Limited
awareness and inconsistent regulations further complicate the issue. To improve e-
waste recycling, comprehensive programs, increased awareness, stricter regulations,
and responsible disposal practices are essential. Proper recycling can reduce
environmental contamination, recover valuable resources, and protect data privacy,
making it crucial for sustainable electronic waste management.