CEDAM BILINGUAL SCHOOL

GUIDES AND WORKSHOPS 2022

FORM

Student’s Name: ARIADNA BRAUSIN Grade: Fifth C Term: I

Teacher’s Name: LESLY GONZÁLEZ Subject: Science
Date: Score:

Perform the following reading and answer the associated questions.

1. According to the reading, what is the function of the following organelles?

Lysosome The function of the lysosome is digestion, which is broken down and returned to the
cytoplasm.

Plasma membrane:_ The plasma membrane or cell membrane is a cover that surrounds and
delimits the cell, separating it from the external environment. It functions as a barrier between
the interior of the cell and its environment, since it allows the entry and exit of molecules
through it.

Mitochondrion: the function of the mitochondria is the energy to activate the biochemical
reactions of the cell. it is called ATP.

Nucleus: The nucleolus is one of the most important organelles present in the nucleus of eukaryotic
cells. Ribosomal RNA are produced in the nucleolus of cells. Therefore, the most important function
of these structures is to assist in the production of RNA.

Plasma Membrane: The plasma membrane or cell membrane is a cover that surrounds and
delimits the cell, separating it from the external environment. It functions as a barrier between
the interior of the cell and its environment, since it allows the entry and exit of molecules
through it.

Ribosome: __ribosomes produce protein, protein is in almost all cells protein helps the human being
to be balanced with their daily diet.

 SER:__ One of the most important functions of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is to detoxify
the body from metabolic wastes and drugs. Drug detoxification, as well as detoxification of wastes
generated in metabolic processes takes place in SER present in the liver cells.

 RER:__ rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), series of connected flattened sacs, part of a continuous
membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that plays a central role in the synthesis
of proteins.

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According to the following excerpt from the reading: “But shortly after, PM whispered that he thought
he heard those organelles screaming something right before they died. Something like “Hey, what are
you doing? No, Lysosome, no, don’t digest us, not us! Nooooo!” And the PM said all was quiet after
that. Since then, no one has looked at Lysosome the same way”,it can be inferred that:

a. The lysosome can digest the body's own cells.

b. The cell membrane allows the entry of substances harmful to the cell.
c. The cells of the body are in constant communication.
d. None of the above.

2. The following text fragment refers to the theory: “Mitochondrion is making stuff everyone
wants –energy! That makes her a bit of a cellular celebrity. Just often enough, she flashes her
own DNA and lets it slip that she used to be off on her own, not associated with cells at all, but
only joined up with cells in the distant past because she liked the company so much”.

a. Cellular theory.
b. Endosymbiotic theory.
c. Theory of evolution.
d. None of the above.

3. Investigate the function of lysosomes in the process of apoptosis.

Lysosomes are involved in various cellular processes. They are in charge of recycling cellular
debris. They can destroy invading viruses and bacteria. If the cell is damaged beyond repair,
the lysosomes engage in a self-destructive process known as programmed cell death or
apoptosis

“If it wasn’t for me, you would all be toast!” Lysosome mumbled a little louder than usual, and to no
one in particular. He had the habit of talking to himself most of the time. Whether to get attention or
just blow off steam, no one knew. But it was clear that Lysosome liked nobody and nobody liked him.
Sure, the rest of the organelles liked how he kept the trash in check, consuming it with those digestive
enzymes, and really appreciated how he destroyed the invading matter that goofy PM (Plasma
Membrane) let in from time to time. But there was something about Lysosome that was mysterious
and, well, dangerous. Until last year no one could quite put words to it, but then an adjacent cell
passed away. At first everyone was a little sad, having lost a great set of good friends. But shortly
after, PM whispered that he thought he heard those organelles screaming something right before they

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GUIDES AND WORKSHOPS 2022
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died. Something like “Hey, what are you doing? No, Lysosome, no, don’t digest us, not us! Nooooo!”
And the PM said all was quiet after that. Since then, no one has looked at Lysosome the same way.

As self-contained and bitter as Lysosome is, Mitochondrion is just the opposite. There is no question
that she loves her work, and she isn’t shy to let everyone know it. With an undying smile, she sets
about making ATP in a way that seems almost magical. Unlike Lysosome, who gets rid of stuff no
one wants anymore, Mitochondrion is making stuff everyone wants –energy! That makes her a bit of
a cellular celebrity. Just often enough, she flashes her own DNA and lets it slip that she used to be off
on her own, not associated with cells at all, but only joined up with cells in the distant past because
she liked the company so much. That makes the rest of the organelles so grateful, but a little anxious
at the thought that she might decide at some point to go her own way again. When such things are
brought up in front of Nucleus, she laughs and says, “What rubbish!” and assures them that they are
all family and will never break apart.

Speaking of Nucleus, she really does seem to be above it all. She deals evenly and directly with the
rest of the organelles, and is always professional –if something needs to be done she does it, no
questions asked.Everyone’s jobs are, either directly or indirectly, dictated by her. While Lysosome
has an air of dark mystery to him, Nucleus is the opposite –a wonderful, bright mystery. Several times
in the past, all the organelles had seen her work her wonder of division. Her DNA organizing, lining
up, dividing, and cleaving into a brand new twin cell! The first time, of course, they all thought their
world was coming to an end, and the PM was hysterical with all the stretching and changes he was
experiencing. But throughout the whole process, Nucleus was talking to them, keeping them all calm
with “What's All The Fuss?” and “There, there.”There is a love-hate relationship that exists between
all the organelles and the PM. They have to love him because he provides so much protection from
the outside, surrounding them all in a snug bag. And most of the time he allows in and kicks out what
he is supposed to. But he doesn’t always work so well. Sometimes when creepy stuff is moving along
outside the cell, darn if the PM doesn't invite it in! The rest of the organelles will be yelling, “No man,
not that!” but the PM acts a little goofy, just shrugs and says, “I can’t help myself, I’m semipermeable!”
It makes everyone mad because the PM doesn't even seem to care, like this semipermeable
characteristic forgives all. Luckily, much as he creeps everyone out, Lysosome usually steps up and
handles the problem. Another organelle with an attitude is Ribosome. Ribosome likes hard work, but
he isn’t sunny about it like Mitochondrion. When he overhears the bickering of the other organelles he
says, “Shut up and get back to work, you maggots!” No one argues with Ribosome because they can
see that he is pulling his load and more. Nucleus has a nonstop stream of instructions being sent to
Ribosome, written on an RNA tablet, and Ribosome, dutifully, makes whatever protein the message
says to make. Bang, bang, bang –out they come, some for export to the blood, some for use in the
cell. He says that if he weren’t so busy he’d show the rest of the organelles some one-armed push-
ups, whatever those are. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) seems pleasant enough, and gets
along with the rest of the organelles pretty well. She has the personality of a Miss Congeniality and
makes polite offers to try to deliver what the organelles need, which she does most of the time
through her network of tubes. She does her share of digesting stuff, lipids mostly, but maintains a
good relationship delivering lipids to Golgi and Lysosome (yes, she will even talk to him) and most
membranes. A quasi-fraternal twin, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER), has a bit of a split
personality that puts off other organelles. Also snaking through the cell like SER, RER has an

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GUIDES AND WORKSHOPS 2022
FORM

attitude, probably because she is studded with those rigid, duty-driven Ribosomes who would spoil
almost anyone's party. Still,she’s delivering the proteins Ribosome makes to Ms. Golgi, and they are
all grateful for that. Which brings us to Golgi. Some of the other organelles think she is a little bit
moody. Sometimes a complainer, sometimes pleasant, her attitude reflects how busy she is. When
times are slow she will laugh and chat, swap rumors. But once the proteins start flying down from
RER, the other organelles know not to even try to speak to her. If they do, they get their membranes
bitten off. Once, when particularly busy making membranes and packaging some important proteins
and carbohydrates for export, she got into it with Ribosome. Ribosome barked for her to “Suck it up
and pick up the pace, maggot!” To which she replied, “You give me that maggot stuff one more time
and I’ll shut down, then you can eat your flipping proteins, got it, sonny?” It looked to the other
organelles that neither was going to back down, when Nucleus calmed things down, sent fewer RNA
messengers to Ribosome, and allowed Golgi to catch up. Although it seems from time to time like
cells are going to fly apart from the varied personalities of their organelles, they understand they have
a job to do, and failure is not an option! It gets pretty hot on the job, working in the cytoplasm. And
when the enzymes, nutrients, genetic material, and respiration products are really flowing in there,
tempers can flare. But under the calm, professional guidance of Nucleus, organelles put aside their
petty squabbles and get on with the job of life, for which I am eternally grateful.

"We are always linked in one way or another to each other." Lynn Margulis

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GUIDES AND WORKSHOPS 2022
FORM

THIS DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED, DISTRIBUTED OR PUBLISHED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART,

WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION FROM CEDAM BILINGUAL SCHOOL.