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    This document discusses the different types of consonants in Siswati and how they combine when words are joined together. There are two main types of consonants: clicks and non-clicks. It describes in detail the five Siswati consonants, how they are formed in the mouth, and the four ways that consonants can combine when words are joined: 1) Combining consonants 2) Changing one consonant 3) Dropping one consonant 4) Adding a consonant between. Examples are provided to illustrate each combination method.

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    This document discusses the different types of consonants in Siswati and how they combine when words are joined together. There are two main types of consonants: clicks and non-clicks. It describes in detail the five Siswati consonants, how they are formed in the mouth, and the four ways that consonants can combine when words are joined: 1) Combining consonants 2) Changing one consonant 3) Dropping one consonant 4) Adding a consonant between. Examples are provided to illustrate each combination method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    123 views2 pages

    Null 6

    Uploaded by

    Blessing Tshuma
    This document discusses the different types of consonants in Siswati and how they combine when words are joined together. There are two main types of consonants: clicks and non-clicks. It describes in detail the five Siswati consonants, how they are formed in the mouth, and the four ways that consonants can combine when words are joined: 1) Combining consonants 2) Changing one consonant 3) Dropping one consonant 4) Adding a consonant between. Examples are provided to illustrate each combination method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    IMISINDVO YENKHULUMO

    Inkhululumo yakhiwa tincenye letehlukene, letitsi natihlangana takhe emagama lavakalako. Letincenye
    yimisindvo leyakhiwa titfo temlomo, tisebentisana nemoya lochamuka emaphashini (pulmonary airstream
    mechanism). Lemisindvo siyehlukanisa ngekutsi lomsindvo uphuma njani, umoya uvinjwa kuphi futsi
    uvimbeka njani. Imisindvo yenkhulumo yehlukana kabili:

    a) Bonkhamisa
    b) Bongwaca

    BONKHAMISA

    Lena yimisindvo lesitsi uma siyenta umoya lochamuka emaphashini ungavimbeki ndzawo. Lomoya lochamuka
    emaphashini ulawulwa lulwimi kuphela. Utsintsa tinsinga telivi (vocal cords) kuphela. Bonkhamisa basihlanu
    esiswatini, kantsi bangehlukaniswa kabili:

    a) Bonkhamisa bemvelo: [a, i, u]


    b) Bonkhamisa bekwakhiwa: [e,o]

    Kuhlelwa kwabonkhamisa

    Bonkhamisa bahlelwa ngekubuka kutsi lulwimi lwenta njani uma sibenta. Lulwimi ngilo lolulawula umoya
    losuka emaphashini. Uma sibahlela, sibuka kutsi luma njani emlonyeni. Bonkhamisa bahlelwa kanje:

    Luhlaka lwabonkhamisa ngekubuka lokwentiwa ngumlono

    i u
    e o

    a
    Bonkhamisa i na u bonkhamisa labasetulu. Lulwimi luyaphakama uma sibenta. Ku i luya embili, kantsi ku u
    luya emuva. Bomkhamisa e na o basemkhatsini, kantsi nkhamisa a uma simenta lulwimi siyalwehlisa.

    Kuvimba kulandzelana kwabonkhamisa

    Siswati lulwimi lolungavumi kutsi bonkhamisa balandzelane. Uma bonkhamisa balandzelana ngetizatfu
    letinyenti, kunetindlela letisetjentiswako kuvimba loko. Letindlela tine (4). Tisebenta ngekutselelana, kantsi
    leyo lesukcaleni kuba ngiyo lesicala ngayo uma sivimba lokulandzelana. Uma ingasebenti, sitfutfukela
    kulelandzelako, site sifike kuleyekugcina.

    1. Kulumbana kwabonkhamisa

    Bonkhamisa bayahlanganiswa kuphume munye. Loko sitsi kulumbana kwabonkhamisa. Bonkhamisa


    labalumbanako kuba bonkhamisa bemvelo kuphela. Ekulumbaneni kwabo, kuphuma bonkhamisa
    bekwakhiwa. Kulumbana kwabonkhamisa kwenteka uma kucala nkhamisa a, kute lomunye wemvelo:
    a) a+ a= a
    b) a+ i= e
    c) a+ u= o

    Tibonelo

    a) /kusa/ + /e- -ini/ > /ekuseni/

    2. Kungwacatisa munye nkhamisa

    Uma kulumbana kwabonkhamisa kungasebenti, sigucula munye nkhamisa abe ngungwaca. Loku sitsi
    kungwacatisa. Lokungabanga kutsi kulumbana kungasebenti kungaba kutsi munye nkhamisa angabi wemvelo,
    noma lokulandzelana kwabo kungacali ngankhamisa /a/. labonkhamisa labangwacatiswako bentiwa
    bosankhamisa kanje:

    i - y
    u,o – w

    Tibonelo

    a) Umkhukhu + ana > umkhukhwana


    b) Siyalu + ana > siylwana

    3. Kubulala munye nkhamisa

    Uma bonkhamisa bangangwacatiseki, sibese sibulala munye nkhamisa. Kubulawa nkhamisa lonesisindvo
    lesincane. Lona kungaba ngunkhamisa loyincenye yesicalo, noma loyo longeke agucule umcondvo wemagama
    uma asusiwe.

    Tibonelo

    a) Umuti + ana > umutana


    b) Salukati + ana > salukatana

    4. Kugaca sankhamisa emkhatsini

    Uma tonkhe letindlela letingenhla tingasebenti, kuyaye bese kufakwa sankhamisa lobekangekho. Oku ke
    kwehlukene nekungwacatisa. Khumbula kutsi uma singwacatisa, sigucula munye nkhamisa abe ngusankhamisa.
    Uma sigaca sankhamisa, sifaka sankhamisa emkhatsini wabonkhamisa labalandzelanako. Loko kweneka uma
    sibadzinga bonkhe.

    Tibonelo

    a) eba + eba > ebayeba


    b) osa + osa > osayosa

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