A REVIEW ON PLANT WITHOUT SOIL – HYDROPONICS

Soil is the commonly used medium in cultivating plants. It is

responsible for the successful plant-growth, providing nutrients,

air, and water. However, with fast civilization, soil-based

agriculture faces some major problems especially in the decreased

land availability. To cope up with these challenges, soil-less

culture became more relevant nowadays. It is a method of raising

plants without any use of soil which improves space and water

conservation in the field of food production. This method fed the

nutrients directly to the roots. Therefore, the plant grows

faster and healthier. Also, as a comparison, soil-less method

only uses 1/5 of the entire space and 1/20 of the total water

needed in soil-based cultivation. Furthermore, soil-borne pest

and disease attack or weed infestation are also prevented. On the

other hand, the use of this in commercial scales requires

technical knowledge and high initial investment which a lot of

people may not able to attain. Some of this may also use energy

to run the system. Overall, this method can control food

production even better in the future and be consistently

efficient allowing lesser waste, lesser effort, and easier

technique. This kind of method has been successfully used in

regions with scarcity in fertile land for agriculture just like

Israel. They were able to grow large quantities of berries,

citrus fruits, and bananas which they cannot normally done due to
the obvious climate issues in the country. Soil-less method of

cultivation produced a 1000 times greater yield than the same

size of land could produce annually in traditional farming.

Therefore, they concluded that soil-less method of cultivating

plants could possibly become one of the most efficient growing

sectors of agriculture as stated in the study of Mamta D. Sardare

and Shraddha V. Admane (2019).

Bakasang Fermentation of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) waste

for production of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF)

The study shows fish can be used as a main ingredient in making

liquid organic fertilizer. Fish raw materials as a fertilizer can

help improve yield of some fruit plants up to 60percent, it can

increase the attack of macrophomina phoseolina, rhizoctonia

solani and fusarium spp pathogens in okra and long bean plants.

Organic waste does not steal the fertility of soil and it shows

that it does not cause health and environmental hazards. It does

not contain toxins and carcinogen materials. Therefore, it can

improve the fertility of soil, the capacity to hold water,

microbial mass, and nutrient availability. Through simple

processes, recycling organic wastes as fertilizers can help

farmers and households to have a simple yet good quality of

fertilizers. This can sustain solid waste management and

agriculture. Throwing out fish waste in illegal way is one of the

problems that most households and fish sellers since fish waste

cause smell. This shows that the fins and scales of fish tilapia

has a high amount of calcium and phosphorus. There is a certain

nutrition and micronutrients the plant need to completely that

includes primary micro such as N-P-K(Nitrogen, Phosphorus,

Potassium), and secondary micro Ca(Calcium), Mg(Magnesium), and

S(Sulfur). The level of nutrients especially micronutrients found

in meet the requirement content of fertilizer.

 Milkfish, Apple, Pineapple Waste as Alternative Liquid Organic

Fertilizer

Waste is generally collected in traditional markets and fish

shelters. The fish’s stomach, fins, head, and scales has the

potential to be used as a good quality fish fertilizer `

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 Utilizing Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Waste as a Fermented

Fertilizer to Promote Pechay (Brassica rapa) Growth

Fish waste may result to aesthetic problems and strong odors as a

result of bacterial decomposition. According to the report from

Monterery Bay Aquarium Foundation (2019), fish waste decrease

oxygen levels in the ocean, disruption of cleanliness in the

environment, and cause health complications due to the toxins.

Poor sanitation and waste administration can generate methane, a

harmful greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. The

result shows that the presence of minerals such as N, P, Ca, Zn,

Mg, Na, Mn, K, and Cu on fermented milkfish (Chanos chanos) waste

fertilizer was proven to help improve the growth of Pechay

(Bassica rapa). Also, the amount of protein, amino acids,

calcium, and phosphorus were proven to increase the fermentation

process. This is cheaper, more convenient, and easier to use. The

result shows that among the three set-ups of Pechay (Brassica

rapa) the one that is being applied with fermented milkfish

(Chanos chanos) waste fertilizer which is the third set-up

exposed the highest plant growth. Therefore, it is concluded that

fermented milkfish (Chanos chanos) waste fertilizer is can be an

efficient alternative liquid organic fertilizer in growing

various crops and vegetable which does not only needed good

quality of soil, enough sunlight, water and air but also a right
quality of growth enhancer. It is rich in nutritive value that

could benefit for the growth of plants.