Behaviour of gases

Gas law Boyle's law -> V

Charle's law -> V
1/P (n, T = constant) [P1V1 = P2V2]
T (n, P = constant) [V2/V1 = T2/T1]
Gay lussac's law -> P T (n,V = constant) [P2/P1 =
T2/T1]
Avagadro's law V moles number of molecules
(P,T = constant)
Ideal gas equation PV =nRT
R = 0.0821 Latm/molK
R = 8.314 J/Kmol or 8.314 Nm/kmol
R = 2 cal/kmol
R = 8.314 x 10^7 erg/kmol
 Graham's it is applicable for non-reacting gases
;
diffusion law
; ; (P,T = constant)

Rate of diffusion

where l= distance travelled by diffused gas

kinetic gas equation: PV = 1/3 mN(Vrms)^2

 Dalton's law of partial pressure
P (mixture) = P1 +P2+ P3........ ( T & C constant)
where P1, P2 & P3 are partial pressure
P (mixed gas) = P (dry gas) + P (water vapours)
it is applicable for non reacting gases.
methods of determination of partial pressure
(Pa and Pb are partial pressure)
from ideal gas equation
PaV = naRT & PbV= nbRT
In the form og mole fraction
Pa = XaPt = (na/n1)Pt ; Pb = XbPt = (nb/n1)Pt
[Xa + Xb = 1]
Pt = sum of partial pressure of all gases
in the form of volume fraction
Pa = (Va/V) Pt & Pb = (Vb/V) Pt
if individual pressure and individual
volumes are given
Pa = (Va/V) P1 & Pb = (Vb/V) P2
P1 and P2 (pressure of gases before
mixing)
Pa and Pb (pressure of gases after
mixing)
 Average kinetic energy (K.E.)

K.E.= 1/2 nRT (n moles)

K.E. = 1/2 RT (1 mol or Na molecules)
K.E. = 1/2 KT (1 molecule)
K= 1.38 x 10^-23 J/Kmolecule
K is called boltzman's constant

1: 0.92: 082
d
Vmp < Vavg < Vrms
 Vanderwaal's equation
At high pressure, vanderwaal's equation is

at low pressure or moderate pressure vanderwaal's

equation is
a force of attraction
liquification
b , effective size of molecule ,
incompressible volume , at very low pressure, high temp, a real gas behaves like
compressible volume an ideal gas.
Gases having value of a ; will have Tc. rate of
liquification.
compressiblity factor (z) =
if z=1 the gas show ideal gas behaviour
if z>1 the gas show positive deviation
if z< 1 the gas show negative deviation