Accounting Information For Business

Decisions Australia 2nd Edition

CunningHam Solutions Manual
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Accounting Information For Business Decisions Australia 2nd Edition CunningHam Solutions

Chapter 1
Introduction to business accounting
and the role of professional skills
The questions in this chapter are divided into three sections:
 Testing your knowledge: these questions are straightforward and are designed to help
students assess their basic knowledge of a particular topic.
 Applying your knowledge: these questions ask students to use their basic knowledge to
solve a particular problem.
 Making evaluations: these questions are more complex and ask students to integrate
their knowledge of a particular topic or topics to make decisions.
We have included the ‘Content analysis’ below to help instructors decide which applying
your knowledge questions to assign. It briefly summarises the content of each question.
We did not provide a content analysis for the making evaluations questions because of
their lack of uniformity, and because of the multiple topics included in them.

Content analysis for applying your knowledge questions

1-29 Service and Manufacturing Businesses. Explain how two businesses can provide
examples of a service business and a manufacturing business.
1-30 Cash Flows. Explain how knowledge of a business’ cash receipts and payments
would help a bank make a loan decision. Determine which financial statement the
bank would request to assist in making the loan decision.
1-31 Business Organisation. List factors involved in deciding whether to operate as a sole
proprietorship, a partnership, or a business.
1-32 Business Location. List questions a business should ask before opening a factory in
a new location.
1-33 International Business Location. Referring to 1-31, list questions a business should
ask before opening an international branch. Compare questions with 1-31.
1-34 Internal and External Users. List examples of business information useful to both
internal and external users.
1-35 Management Information. Give examples of information that would be useful in the
management activities of planning, operating, and evaluating.
1-36 GAAP. Explain what generally accepted accounting principles mean and how they
affect business reports. Explain why new proposals would concern business owners.
1-37 Financial statements. Describe financial statements, list the major financial
statements and explain what each financial statement includes.

Cunningham, Accounting: Information for Business Decisions 2e – Solutions Manual

© 2015 Cengage Learning Australia 1-1

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1-38 Ethics. Explain how codes of ethics help business people make decisions.
1-39 Forming Arguments. Consider two sides of an issue and develop arguments to
support both sides.
1-40 Argument Presentation. Develop alternative methods for presenting an argument to
a boss while considering possible rebuttals from the boss.
1-41 Evaluating Opportunities. Develop questions to ask a boss concerning a new job
offer.
1-42 Evaluating Loan Customers. Determine what information is needed to evaluate a
loan applicant and how this information could affect the loan decision.
1-43 Evaluating Accounting Information. Referring to 1-41, determine what could be
added to accounting information to make it more useful in the loan decision.
1-44 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving. Develop a list of ideas to solve an office
problem.
1-45 Logical Application of Knowledge and Reasoning. Determine the flaw in a co-
worker’s reasoning.

Cunningham, Accounting: Information for Business Decisions 2e – Solutions Manual

© 2015 Cengage Learning Australia 1-2
Testing your knowledge
1-1 Private enterprise refers to an economic system in which individuals, rather than
government, own and operate businesses.

1-2 A service business is different from a manufacturing or merchandising business

because it sells services, rather than goods or physical products, to customers.

1-3 Both merchandising and manufacturing businesses sell products to their customers.
The difference between the two is that a manufacturing business makes the products it
sells. A merchandising business buys products that are ready to be sold (often from a
manufacturing business) and then sells those products to its customers.

1-4 Entrepreneurship refers to a situation in which an individual with an idea for a business
willingly risks the loss of both time and money, in order to obtain capital to use in the
production and sale of goods or services.

1-5 As an entrepreneur in need of resources, you might go to a bank for a loan or invest
your own money. If you need equipment, machinery, or furniture, you might also
finance the purchase of these items through the seller or lease them. Entrepreneurs
can also obtain capital from individuals who have money to invest.

1-6 The first factor affecting the business environment is easy access to a vast amount of
information which allows businesses to make decisions using timely information. The
only drawback is that managers must be able to sort through the information to find
that which is most relevant and timely.
The second factor is technological advancement. Technology has extended the
work day and allowed quick communication over vast distances. It also has allowed
access to up-to-date information and enabled production lines to work without human
intervention. This development has made the world more competitive.
The third factor affecting the business environment is the globalisation of business
activities. Globalisation creates a larger, more diverse marketplace. The challenge is to
market the same product to different cultures using different languages and currencies.
The fourth factor is the increasing number of regulations which a business must
follow. As a business chooses to operate in different countries, the number of
regulations that it must follow may increase. Businesses may be affected by politically
arranged, economic, or trade agreements between countries.

Cunningham, Accounting: Information for Business Decisions 2e – Solutions Manual

© 2015 Cengage Learning Australia 1-3
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Musick, John Roy. Mo., 1849-1901. A novelist and historian of
Kirksville, Missouri. The Banker of Bedford; History Stories of
Wisconsin; Calamity Row; Brother Against Brother; Mysterious
Mr. Howard; and a series of twelve Columbian historical novels,
including Columbia; Estevan; St. Augustine; Pocahontas; The
Pilgrims; A Century Too Soon, a story of Bacon’s Rebellion; The
Witch of Salem; Braddock; Independence; Sustained Honor;
Humbled Pride; Union. Fu. Lo.
Mussey, Reuben Dimond. N. H., 1780-1866. A Boston physician who
published Health: its Friends and its Foes.
Muzzey, Artemas Bowers. Ms., 1802-1892. A Unitarian clergyman of
Massachusetts who retired from active ministry in 1865. The Blade
and the Ear; Prime Movers of the Revolution; The Young Men’s
Friend; Moral Teacher; Christ in the Will, the Heart, and Life; The
Higher Education; Immortality in the Light of Scripture and
Science; Truths Consequent upon Belief in God; Education of Old
Age, comprise his chief works. A. U. A. Le. Lo.
Myer, Albert James. N. Y., 1827-1880. A brigadier-general in the
United States army, for some years chief signal officer and author of
Manual of Signals for Use in the Field.
Myers, Peter Hamilton. N. Y., 1812-1878. A lawyer and romancer of
Brooklyn. The First of the Knickerbockers, a tale; The Young
Patroon; The King of the Hurons; The Prisoner of the Border.
Myers, Philip Van Ness. N. Y., 1846- ——. An educator of Cincinnati,
professor of history and political economy in the University of
Cincinnati from 1890, and dean of the University from 1895. Life
and Nature under the Tropics; Remains of Lost Empires; Outlines
of Ancient History; Outlines of Mediæval and Modern History; A
History of Greece; The Eastern Nations and Greece; A History of
Rome; General History. Gi. Har.
Myers, Mrs. Sarah Ann [Irwin]. Del., 1800-1876. A writer and artist of
Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Among her many contributions to juvenile
literature are, Margaret Gordon; Impatient Ellen; The Silk-Weaver
of Lyons.
Myrtle, Mollie. See Hill, Mrs. Agnes.
N
Nack, James. N. H., 1809-1879. A deaf and dumb verse-writer of New
York city. The Legend of the Ark; Earl Rupert; The Immortal, a
 dramatic romance; The Romance of the King, and Other Poems. See
Duyckinck’s American Literature.
Nadal, Bernhard Harrison. Md., 1812-1870. A Methodist clergyman
and educator of Virginia who published New Life Dawning. Meth.
Nadal, Ehrman Syme. W. Va., 1843- ——. Son of B. H. Nadal, supra.
A journalist who has lived much in London as secretary of legation,
1870-1871, and 1877-1884. Essays at Home and Elsewhere;
Impressions of London Social Life; Zweiback, or Notes of a
Professional Exile. Cent. Scr.
Naphegi, Gabor. Hy., 1824-1884. A native of Buda-Pesth who became a
naturalized American citizen in 1868. Ghardia, or Ninety Days in
the Desert; The Album of Language; Hungary; Among the Arabs;
The Grand Review of the Dead (verse). Lip.
Napheys [nā´feez], George Henry. Pa., 1842-1876. A prominent
physician and medical writer of Philadelphia. The Body and its
Ailments; Modern Medical Therapeutics; Modern Surgical
Therapeutics; The Transmission of Life; Physical Life of Woman;
Prevention and Cure of Disease; Personal Beauty (with D. G.
Brinton, supra). My.
Nasby, Petroleum Vesuvius. See Locke, D. R.
Nash, Simeon. Ms., 1804-1879. A jurist of Gallipolis, Ohio. Digest of
Ohio Reports; Pleading and Practice under the Civil Code; Morality
and the State; Crime and the Family. Clke.
Nason, Elias. Ms., 1811-1887. A Congregational minister of North
Billerica, Massachusetts, among whose numerous religious
biographical and historical writings are, Gazetteer of Massachusetts;
Life of John A. Andrew; Lives of Moody and Sankey; Life of
Charles Sumner; Life of Henry Wilson, infra; History of Middlesex
County; Originality; Thou Shalt Not Steal; Fountains of Salvation.
Lo.
Nason, Mrs. Emma [Huntington]. Me., 1845- ——. A verse-writer of
Augusta, Maine. White Sails (verse); The Tower, with Legends and
Lyrics. Hou. Lo.
Nason, Henry Bradford. Ms., 1831-1895. Cousin of Elias Nason,
supra. A professor of chemistry in the Troy Polytechnic Institute.
Table of Reactions for Qualitative Analysis; Table for Qualitative
Analysis in Colors, are among his published works.
Nast, William. G., 1807-1899. A Methodist minister of Cincinnati,
editor of The Christian Apologist for many years. Christological
 Meditations; Gospel Records; A German Commentary on the New
Testament; Das Christenthum und seine Gegensätze.
Nauman, Mary. See Robinson, Mrs. Mary.
Navarro, Madame Mary Antoinette [Anderson] de. Cal., 1859- ——.
A once popular actress who retired from the stage in 1890, was
married to M. de Navarro soon after, and has since lived in England.
A Few Memories, an autobiography. See Lives by Farrar, 1884,
Winter, 1886.
Nead, Benjamin Matthias. Pa., 1847- ——. A lawyer and journalist of
Harrisburg. Sketches of Early Chambersburg; Guide to County
Officers; Early Government of Pennsylvania; Brief Review of the
Financial History of Pennsylvania.
Neal, Alice B. Wife of J. C. Neal, infra. See Haven, Mrs.
Neal, John. Me., 1793-1876. A once famous littérateur of Portland,
Maine, who early gained a hearing, and, as poet, novelist, dramatist,
and magazinist, was constantly before the public for the rest of his
long life, though little of his work can be said to survive, able as
some of it is. The more important of his writings include, Keep
Cool, a novel; The Battle of Niagara, a poem; Goldau, and Other
Poems; Rachel Dyer, a novel; Downeasters, a novel; True
Womanhood; Bentham’s Morals and Legislation; Great Mysteries
and Little Plagues; Wandering Recollections of a Somewhat Busy
Life (1870). See Duyckinck’s American Literature; Lowell’s Fable
for Critics; Allibone’s Dictionary; Appletons’ American Biography;
Bibliography of Maine.
Neal, Joseph Clay. N. H., 1807-1847. A journalist of Philadelphia who
founded The Saturday Gazette, and was a popular humourist in his
day. Charcoal Sketches; Peter Ploddy, and Other Oddities. See
Griswold’s American Prose Writers.
Neely, Thomas Benjamin. Pa., 18— - ——. A Methodist clergyman.
Young Workers in the Church; The Church Lyceum; Parliamentary
Practice; Evolution of Episcopacy and Organic Methodism; The
Parliamentarian; The Governing Conference in Methodism. Meth.
Neill, Edward Duffield. Pa., 1823-1893. A Reformed Episcopal
clergyman of St. Paul, but formerly a Presbyterian clergyman.
History of Minnesota; Terra Mariæ, or Threads of Maryland
History; The Fairfaxes of England and America; History of the
Virginia Company; English Colonization of America in the 17th
century; Founders of Virginia; Virginia Vetusta; Virginia
Carolorum; Concise History of Minnesota. Lip.
Neill, John. Pa., 1819-1880. Brother of E. D. Neill, supra. A
Philadelphia physician. Neill on the Veins; Compend of Medicine
(with F. G. Smith).
Neill, William. Pa., 1778-1860. A Presbyterian minister of Philadelphia,
president of Dickinson College, 1824-1829. Lectures on Bible
History; Divine Origin of the Christian Religion; Ministry of Fifty
Years.
Neilson, Joseph. N. Y., 1813-1888. Memoirs of Rufus Choate, with some
Consideration of his Studies, Opinions, and Style. Hou.
Nelson, David. Ind., 1793-1844. A Presbyterian minister and educator of
Missouri and Illinois. His principal work, Cause and Cure of
Infidelity, has been widely read.
Nelson, Harry Leverett. Ms., 1858-1889. A lawyer of Worcester,
Massachusetts. Bird Songs About Worcester, a collection of nature
studies. Lit.
Nelson, Henry Addison. Ms., 1820- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman,
professor at Lane Seminary, 1868-74, and from 1886 editor of The
Church at Home and Abroad. Seeing Jesus; Sin and Salvation;
Home Whispers. Ran.
Nelson, Henry Loomis. N. Y., 1846- ——. A journalist of New York
city, editor-in-chief of Harper’s Weekly, 1894-99. The Money We
Need; Our Unjust Tariff Law; John Rantoul, a novel. Har. Hou.
Nesmith, James Ernest. Ms., 1856-1898. An artist and verse-writer of
Lowell, Massachusetts. Monadnoc, and Other Sketches in Verse;
Philoctetes, and Other Poems; Life and Addresses of Governor
Greenhalge.
Nevin, Alfred. Pa., 1816-1890. A prominent Presbyterian clergyman
and religious editor of Philadelphia. His more important writings
include, Words of Comfort for Doubting Hearts; The Voice of God;
The Man of Faith; Letters to Colonel Ingersoll; Christian’s Rest;
Guide to the Oracles; Triumph of Truth.
Nevin, Edwin Henry. Pa., 1814-1899. Brother of A. Nevin, supra. A
German Reformed clergyman of Philadelphia. The City of God;
Humanity and its Responsibilities; Thoughts About Christ; The
Minister’s Handbook.
Nevin, John Williamson. Pa., 1803-1886. Cousin of A. Nevin, supra.
An eminent German Reformed clergyman of Lancaster,
Pennsylvania, president of Franklin and Marshall College, 1866-76.
Prior to his presidency he had been active as a theologian at
Mercersburgh, and his works form the basis of what is styled the
 “Mercersburgh Theology.” Among his writings are, History and
Genesis of the Heidelberg Catechism; The Mystical Presence; Anti-
Christ; The Anxious Bench; Biblical Antiquities. See Life by T.
Appel. 1889.
Nevin, William Channing. O., 1844- ——. Son of E. H. Nevin, supra.
A lawyer of Philadelphia. History of All Religions; Life of Albert
Barnes, supra; The Blue Ray of Sunlight; A Slight
Misunderstanding; A Wild Goose Chase; In the Nick of Time;
Joshua Whitcomb’s Tribulations; A Summer School Adventure.
Nevin, William Wilberforce. Pa., 1836-1899. Son of J. W. Nevin,
supra. A journalist and railway director of Philadelphia who
published Vignettes of Travel.
Nevins, William. Ct., 1797-1835. A Presbyterian minister of Baltimore.
Thoughts on Popery; Practical Thoughts; Select Remains, with
Memoir.
Nevius, Mrs. Helen S—— [Coan]. N. Y., 1832- ——. Wife of J. L.
Nevius, infra. A Catechism of Christian Doctrine (in Chinese); Our
Life in China; Life of J. P. Nevius. Rev.
Nevius, John Livingston. N. Y., 1829-1893. A Presbyterian missionary
in Ningpo. China and The Chinese; San-Poh, or North of the Hills;
Methods of Missionary Work; Demon Possession; and a number of
works in Chinese. See Life by his wife. Rev.
Newberry, John Strong. Ct., 1822-1892. A geologist who was professor
of geology in the School of Mines of Columbia College, 1866-92,
and State geologist of Ohio from 1869. He published nine volumes
of reports relating to the geological survey of Ohio; Paleozoic
Fishes of North America, and many scientific papers.
Newcomb, Harvey. Ms., 1803-1863. A Congregational clergyman of
Western Pennsylvania and other localities among whose many
moral and religious works, mainly juvenile in character, are, Young
Lady’s Guide; How to be a Man; How to be a Lady; Manners and
Customs of North American Indians.
Newcomb, Simon. N. S., 1835- ——. An astronomer of distinction,
superintendent of the Nautical Almanac, issued by the Navy
Department, from 1877, and professor of astronomy and
mathematics at Johns Hopkins University, 1884-93. Popular
Astronomy; School Astronomy; Geometry; Analytic Geometry;
Essentials of Trigonometry; Calculus; A Plain Man’s Talk on the
Labor Question; Principles of Political Economy; The A, B, C, of
Finance, include his most important publications. Har. Ho.
Newell, Robert Henry. “Orpheus C. Kerr.” N. Y., 1836-1901. A
journalist of New York city, at one time popular as a humorist.
Versatilities, a collection of humorous and other verses; The Palace
Beautiful, and Other Poems; Avery Glibun, an American romance;
The Walking Doll, a novel; There Was Once a Man; Studies in
Stanzas. Fo. Le.
Newell, Samuel. Me., 1784-1821. A noted Baptist missionary in
Bombay. The Conversion of the World (1818); Life of Harriet
Newell (his first wife) which was widely popular.
Newell, William Wells. Ms., 1839- ——. A folk-lore scholar of
Cambridge, editor of The Journal of American Folk-Lore from
1888. Games and Songs of American Children; Words for Music, a
collection of verse. Har.
Newhall, Charles Stedman. Ms., 1842- ——. A clergyman and
educator of Asbury Park, New Jersey. The Trees of Northeastern
America; The Shrubs of Northeastern America; The Vines of
Northeastern America; The Leaf-Collector’s Handbook and
Herbarium. His writings for young people include Harry’s Trip to
the Orient; Joe and the Howards; Ruthie’s Story. Put.
Newman, John Philip. N. Y., 1826-1899. A Methodist bishop at Omaha,
at one time a prominent Washington pastor. From Dan to
Beersheba; Thrones and Palaces of Babylon and Nineveh;
Christianity Triumphant; America for Americans; The Supremacy
of Law. Fu. Meth.
Newman, Samuel Phillips. Ms., 1796-1842. An educator who was a
classical professor in Bowdoin College. Practical System of
Rhetoric, long a popular work; Elements of Political Economy.
Newton, Richard. E., 1812-1887. An Episcopal clergyman of
Philadelphia, long prominent among extreme Low Churchmen. The
King’s Highway; The Great Pilot; Rills from the Fountain of Life;
Bible Promises; Natural History of the Bible, are among his
writings. Rev.
Newton, Richard Heber. Pa., 1840- ——. Son of R. Newton, supra. An
Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of All-Souls Church,
and prominent as a very Broad Church theologian. Among more
conservative thinkers his views have excited much opposition and
needless alarm. Womanhood; The Morals of Trade; The Right and
Wrong Uses of the Bible; The Book of the Beginnings; Philistinism;
Social Studies; Church and Creed; The Children’s Church. Put.
Ran.
Newton, Robert Safford. O., 1818-1881. A surgeon of New York city.
Eclectic Treatise in the Practice of Medicine; Antiseptic Surgery.
Newton, William. E., c. 1820-189-. Brother of R. Newton, supra. A
Reformed Episcopal clergyman of West Chester, Pennsylvania. The
First Two Visions of the Book of Daniel; The Morning Star, and
Other Poems; Nature’s Testimony to Nature’s God.
Newton, William Wilberforce. Pa., 1843- ——. Son of R. Newton,
supra. An Episcopal clergyman of Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Essays
of To-Day, Religious and Theological; The Legend of St.
Telemachus; The Voice of St. John, and Other Poems; Summer
Sermons; The Voice Out of Egypt; Ragnar, the Sea King; Paradise;
The Priest and the Man, or Abelard and Héloise, an historical novel;
Life of W. A. Muhlenberg, supra; and several collections of
sermons to children, including, The Wicket Gate; The Interpreter’s
House; Little and Wise; A Father’s Blessing. Hou. Ran. Wh.
Nichols, Edward Leamington. E., 1854- ——. A professor of physics
at Cornell University from 1887. Laboratory Manual of Physics and
Applied Mechanics; The Galvanometer. Mac.
Nichols, George Ward. Me., 1831-1885. A writer on art and music who
was president of the Cincinnati College of Music. The Story of the
Great March; Art Education Applied to Industry; Pottery;
Sanctuary, a story of the Civil War. Har.
Nichols, Ichabod. N. H., 1784-1859. A Unitarian minister of Portland,
Maine, 1814-55, and from the latter date a resident of Cambridge.
Natural Theology; Hours with the Evangelists; Remembered Words.
A. U. A.
Nichols, James Robinson. Ms., 1819-1888. A manufacturing chemist of
Boston who founded The Journal of Chemistry (now The Popular
Science News) in 1866. What, When, and Where?; Fireside
Science; Chemistry of the Farm; The New Agriculture.
Nichols, Mrs. Mary Sargeant [Neal] [Gove]. “Mary Orme.” N. H.,
1810- ——. A hydropathic physician. Lectures on Anatomy and
Physiology; Experience in Water Cure; A Woman’s Work in Water
Cure and Sanitary Education. As “Mary Orme” she published the
novels, Uncle John; Agnes Norris; The Two Loves, Eros and
Anteros.
Nichols, Mrs. Rebecca S—— [Reed]. Ms., 1820- ——. A verse-writer
of Cincinnati. Bernice, and Other Poems; Songs of the Heart.
Nichols, Starr Hoyt. Ct., 1834- ——. A broker of New York city, in
earlier life a Unitarian minister. He has published Monte Rosa, the
 Epic of an Alp.
Nichols, Thomas L——. Circa 1820- ——. An American physician
who settled in Malvern, England, near the opening of the Civil War.
Women in All Ages; Esoteric Anthropology; Forty Years of
American Life; How to Cook; How to Behave; How to Live on
Sixpence a Day; Human Physiology the Basis of Sanitary Reforms.
Nichols, Walter Ripley. Ms., 1847-1886. A professor of chemistry in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who published Water Supply
from a Chemical and Sanitary Standpoint, and many scientific
papers.
Nicholson, Mrs. Eliza Jane [Poitevent]. “Pearl Rivers.” Mi., 1849-
1896. A journalist of New Orleans, owner and editor of The
Picayune, and the first woman in the world to own and manage a
great daily paper. Lyrics.
Nicholson, James Bartram. Mo., 1820- ——. A prominent bookbinder
of Philadelphia, author of a Manual of Bookbinding, an exhaustive
treatise on the subject. Bai.
Nicholson, William Rufus. Mi., 1822-1901. A Reformed Episcopal
bishop, dean of the theological seminary of that faith in
Philadelphia. The Blessedness of Heaven; Why I Became a
Reformed Episcopalian; The Real Presence; The Call to the
Ministry.
Nicolay, John George. Bv., 1832-1901. The private secretary of
President Lincoln, and marshal of the United States Supreme Court,
1872-87. The Outbreak of the Rebellion; Abraham Lincoln, a
History (with J. Hay, supra). Cent. Scr.
Nicum, John. Wg., 1851- ——. A prominent Lutheran minister of
Rochester, New York, who has published History of the New York
Ministerium; Gleichniss-Reden Jesu; Weihnachts Andacht; and a
translation of Wolf’s Lutherans in America.
Nieriker, Mrs. May [Alcott]. Ms., 1840-1879. Daughter of A. B. Alcott,
supra. An artist who published Concord Sketches; Studying Art
Abroad. Rob.
Niles, Hezekiah. Del., 1777-1839. A journalist of Baltimore, founder of
Niles’s Register. The towns of Niles, Michigan, and Niles, Ohio,
were named in his honour. Quill Driving; Principles and Acts of the
Revolutionary Period. Bar.
Niles, John Milton. Ct., 1787-1856. A journalist of Hartford who was
postmaster-general in 1840. Lives of Perry, Laurence, Pike,
 Harrison; The Civil Officer; History of the Revolution in Mexico
and Central America.
Niles, Samuel. R. I., 1674-1762. A Congregational clergyman who was
pastor of the church at Braintree, Massachusetts, from 1711 till his
death. Tristitiæ Ecclesiarum, a Brief and Sorrowful Account of the
Churches in New England; God’s Wonder-Working Providence for
New England in the Reduction of Louisburg; Vindication of the
Doctrine of Original Sin; The True Scripture Doctrine of Original
Sin; History of the French and Indian Wars.
Nipher, Francis Eugene. N. Y., 1847- ——. A professor of physics in
Washington University at St. Louis from 1874, who has published
Theory of Magnetic Measurement.
Nitsch, Mrs. Helen Alice [Matthews]. “Catherine Owen.” E., 18
— -1889. A writer on domestic science whose home was at
Plainfield, New Jersey. Choice Cookery; Culture and Cooking; Ten
Dollars Enough; Perfect Bread; Gentle Bread-Winners; Molly
Bishop’s Family; Progressive Housekeeping. Har. Hou.
Noah, Mordecai Manuel. Pa., 1785-1851. A once noted journalist of
New York city, who endeavoured unsuccessfully to found a Jewish
colony on Grand Island, in the Niagara River. Travels in England,
France, and Spain; Gleanings from a Gathered Harvest. He wrote
several successful plays, among which are, The Siege of Tripoli;
The Fortress of Sorrente.
Noble, Annette Lucile. N. Y., 1844- ——. A fiction-writer of Albion,
New York, among whose works are, Uncle Jack’s Executors;
Eunice Lathrop, Spinster; Love and Shawl-Straps; After the Failure;
The Silent Man’s Legacy. Put.
Noble, Lucretia Gray. Ms., 18— - ——. A writer of Wilbraham,
Massachusetts, whose only novel, A Reverend Idol, was very
popular. Hou.
Noble, Edmund. S., 1853- ——. A journalist who travelled in Russia,
1882-1884, and since 1884 has lived in Boston. The Russian Revolt
(1885). Hou.
Noble, Louis Legrand. N. Y., 1813-1882. An Episcopal clergyman who
held various rectorships successively in the State of New York. Ne-
Ma-Nin, an Indian story in verse; The Course of Empire, a work
relating to the artist Cole; The Lady Angeline, and Other Poems; A
Voyage to the Arctic Seas.
Nordheimer, Isaac. G., 1809-1842. An educator of New York city,
instructor in sacred literature at Union Theological Seminary, 1838-
 42. Hebrew Grammar; Grammatical Analysis of Select Portions of
Scripture.
Nordhoff, Charles. P., 1830-1901. A littérateur and journalist of New
York city. Man-of-War Life; The Merchant Vessel; Whaling and
Fishing; Man-of-War Yarns; Cape Cod and All Along Shore;
Peninsular California; Northern California; Secession is Rebellion;
Communistic Societies of the United States; Politics for Young
Americans; God and the Future Life, include his more important
works. Do. Har.
Norman, Benjamin Moore. N. Y., 1809-1860. A bookseller of New
Orleans. Rambles in Yucatan; New Orleans and its Environs;
Rambles by Land and Water.
Norman, Henry. Ms., 1858- ——. A journalist of prominence. The
Peoples and Politics of the Far East; The Real Japan. Scr.
Norris, George Washington. Pa., 1808-1875. A Philadelphia physician.
Contributions to Practical Surgery; Early History of Medicine in
Philadelphia.
Norris, Thaddeus. Pa., 1811-1877. A Philadelphia business man who
wrote much on sporting topics. American Angler’s Book; American
Fish Culture. Co.
North, Elisha. Ct., 1771-1843. A physician of New London,
Connecticut. Treatise on Spotted Fever; Outlines of the Science of
Life; Uncle Toby’s Pilgrim’s Progress in Phrenology. See Life and
Writings of, 1887.
Northend, Charles. Ms., 1814-1895. A prominent educator of
Connecticut. Teacher and Parent; Teachers’ Associations; Annals of
American Institutes of Instruction; Life of Elihu Burritt, supra.
Northend, William Dummer. Ms., 1823-1902. Brother of C. Northend,
supra. A lawyer of Salem, Massachusetts. Speeches and Essays on
Political Subjects; The Bay Colony. Est.
Northrop, Birdsey Grant. Ct., 1817-1898. A prominent Connecticut
educator, secretary of the State Board of Education, 1869-82.
Education Abroad; Rural Improvement; Tree-Planting.
Northrup, Ansel Judd. N. Y., 1833- ——. A lawyer of Syracuse. Camps
and Tramps in the Adirondacks; Grayling Fishing in Northern
Michigan; Sconset Cottage Life.
Norton, Andrews. Ms., 1786-1853. A Unitarian clergyman of
Cambridge, professor of sacred literature in Harvard University,
1819-30, and prominent among conservative theologians of his
faith. Historical Evidences of the Genuineness of the Gospels;
 Internal Evidences of the Genuineness of the Gospels; Tracts
Concerning Christianity; Reasons for not Believing the Doctrines of
the Trinitarians. See Memoir by W. Newell. A. U. A.
Norton, Augustus Theodore. Ct., 1808-1884. A Presbyterian clergyman
of Alton, Illinois, author of a History of the Presbyterian Church in
Illinois.
Norton, Charles Eliot. Ms., 1827- ——. Son of A. Norton, supra. A
distinguished Dante scholar and a high authority on the history of
art, since 1875 professor of the history of art in Harvard University.
He has edited the Letters of J. R. Lowell, supra; the Writings of G.
W. Curtis, supra; the Goethe and Carlyle Correspondence; the
Letters of Carlyle; and has translated Dante’s Vita Nuova and
Divina Commedia. His other works include, Historical Studies of
Church-Building in the Middle Ages; Notes of Travel and Study in
Italy; Considerations of Some Recent Social Theories. Har. Hou.
Norton, Charles Ledyard. Ct., 1837- ——. A journalist of New York
city, at one time editor of Outing. Handbook of Florida; Political
Americanisms; Jack Benson’s Log; A Medal of Honor Man, a book
for boys. Lgs. We.
Norton, Frank Henry. Ms., 1836- ——. A journalist of New York city.
Lives of General Hancock, Alexander Stephens; Daniel Boone, a
romance.
Norton, George Habley. N. Y., 1824-1893. An Episcopal clergyman of
Alexandria, Virginia, who published Inquiry into the Nature and
Extent of the Holy Catholic Church.
Norton, Herman. N. Y., 1799-1855. A Presbyterian evangelist in New
York State. The Christian and Deist in Contrast; Signs of Danger
and Promise; Startling Facts for American Protestants.
Norton, John. E., 1606-1663. A Puritan clergyman who came to New
England in 1635, and in 1653 succeeded John Cotton as teacher of
the church at Boston. He wrote much, and was a strenuous advocate
of religious persecution. Among his writings are, The Heart of New
England Rent at the Blasphemies of the Present Generation; Life of
Mr. John Cotton. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit;
Longfellow’s New England Tragedies.
Norton, John. Ms., 1651-1716. Nephew of J. Norton, supra. A
Congregational clergyman, pastor of the church at Hingham, 1678-
1716, who is remembered for his Elegy on Anne Bradstreet, a poem
of some force and merit. See Tyler’s American Literature.
Norton, John Nicholas. N. Y., 1820-1881. Brother of G. H. Norton,
supra. An Episcopal clergyman of Louisville, among whose many
works are, Lives of Bishops White, Seabury, Bowen, Freeman,
Provost, Stewart, Wilson, Claggett, Henshaw; Short Sermons for
Families; The King’s Ferry-Boat; Lives of Washington, Franklin,
Bishop Berkeley, Archbishop Cranmer. Wh.
Norton, Mrs. Minerva [Brace]. N. Y., 1837- ——. An educator of
Beloit, Wisconsin. In and Around Berlin; Service in the King’s
Gardens. Mg.
Norton, Sidney Augustus. O., 1835- ——. A scientist who has been
professor of chemistry in Ohio University from 1873. Elements of
Natural Philosophy; Elements of Physics; Elements of Inorganic
Chemistry; Organic Chemistry.
Norton, William Augustus. N. Y., 1810-1883. A professor of civil
engineering in Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University, from
1852. Elementary Treatise on Astronomy; First Book of Natural
Philosophy and Astronomy.
Nott, Eliphalet. Ct., 1773-1866. A Presbyterian clergyman of note,
president of Union College, 1804-66. Counsels to Young Men;
Lectures on Temperance. See Memoir by Van Santvoord, 1876.
Nott, Josiah Clark. S. C., 1804-1873. A physician of Mobile, who
wrote The Physical History of the Jewish Race, and was co-author
with Gliddon of the once famous Types of Mankind, and of
Indigenous Races of the Earth. Lip.
Nourse, James Duncan. Ky., 1817-1854. A journalist of St. Louis. The
Forest Knight, a novel; Leavenworth, a story of the Mississippi;
God in History.
Nourse, Joseph Everett. D. C., 1819-1899. Cousin of J. D. Nourse,
supra. A professor in the Naval Academy, 1850-81. The Maritime
Canal of Suez; Astronomical and Meteorological Observations;
American Explorations in the Ice Zones. Lo.
Noyes, Arthur Ames. Ms., 1866- ——. A professor of chemistry in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology who has published a treatise
on Qualitative Chemical Analysis.
Noyes, Charles Henry. “Charles Quiet.” Mch., 1849-1898. A lawyer
and verse-writer of Warren, Pennsylvania, who has published
Studies in Verse. Lip.
Noyes, George Rapall. Ms., 1798-1868. A Unitarian clergyman eminent
as a biblical scholar, and professor of Hebrew in Harvard University
from 1840. He published translations with notes of the Psalms, Job,
 Ecclesiastes, Canticles, the Prophets, and Proverbs; and a
translation of the New Testament. A. U. A.
Noyes, Henry Drury. N. Y., 1832-1900. An ophthalmologist of New
York city. Treatise on Diseases of the Eye; Text-Book on Diseases
of the Eye.
Noyes, James. E., 1608-1656. A Puritan clergyman of Newbury,
Massachusetts, pastor of the church there, 1635-56. The Temple
Measured; Moses and Aaron, or the Rights of Church and State.
Noyes, James Oscar. N. Y., 1829-1872. A physician and journalist of
New Orleans. Roumania; The Gypsies: their History, Origin, and
Manner of Life.
Noyes, John Humphrey. Vt., 1811-1886. A noted religionist who
founded the Oneida Community, and other associations of
socialists. The Second Coming of Christ; Salvation from Sin the
End of Christian Faith; History of American Socialisms; House
Talks. Lip.
Nuttall [nŭt´al], Thomas. E., 1786-1859. A noted ornithologist and
botanist, of English birth, whose life was mainly spent in the United
States, but who returned to England in 1842. The Genera of North
American Plants; Travels in Arkansas in 1819; The North American
Sylva; Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and Canada
(1832 and 1834); Geological Sketch of the Valley of the
Mississippi; A Popular Handbook of the Ornithology of Eastern
North America, being a new edition of the Manual of Ornithology
revised and annotated by Montague Chamberlain. See Popular
Science Monthly, March, 1895. Lit.
Nye, Bill. See Nye, Edgar.
Nye, Edgar Wilson. Me., 1850-1896. A humourous journalist whose
writing, though very popular, is ephemeral in its nature and of little
or no literary value. Bill Nye and the Boomerang; Forty Liars, and
Other Lies; Baled Hay; Bill Nye’s Blossom Rock; Remarks; Bill
Nye’s Thinks; The Cadi, a comedy; Comic History of the United
States; A Guest at the Ludlow, and Other Stories; Comic History of
England. Lip.
Nystrom, John William. 18— -1885. An engineer in the United States
navy. Treatise on Parabolic Construction of Ships; Technological
Education; The Force of Falling Bodies; Treatise on the Elements of
Mechanics; New Treatise on Steam Engineering; Pocket Book of
Mechanics and Engineering; Principles of Dynamics; Treatise on
Screw Propellers. Bai. Lip.
 O
Oakes, Urian. E., 1631-1681. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of
the church in Cambridge, and president of Harvard College, 1675-
81. He is chiefly remembered for his Elegy upon the Death of
Thomas Shepard, a notable poem in six-lined stanzas, but his
sermons, in point of style, are the best which were written in
America during the colonial period. See Tyler’s American
Literature.
Oakey, Alexander F. N. Y., 1850- ——. An architect of Buffalo.
Building a Home; Home Grounds; The Art of Life and the Life of
Art. Ap. Har.
Oakey, Emily Sullivan. N. Y., 1829-1883. An educator of Albany.
Dialogues and Conversations; At the Foot of Parnassus, a collection
of verse.
Ober, Frederick Albion. Ms., 1849- ——. A writer of Beverly,
Massachusetts, well known as a traveller. Camps in the Caribbees;
Young Folks’ History of Mexico; The Silver City; Travels in
Mexico; Mexican Resources and Guide to Mexico; Montezuma’s
Gold Mines; The Knockabout Club in the Antilles; The Knockabout
Club in the Everglades; In the Wake of Columbus; Josephine,
Empress of the French. Est. Le. Lo. Mer.
Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxon. Pa., 1868- ——. Son of Mrs. Oberholtzer,
infra. A Philadelphia journalist. The Referendum in America, a
Discussion of Law-Making by Popular Vote.
Oberholtzer, Mrs. Sara Louisa [Vickers]. Pa., 1841- ——. A verse-
writer of Norristown, Pennsylvania. Violet Lee, and Other Poems;
Come for Arbutus; Hope’s Heart Bells, a novel; Daisies of Verse;
Souvenirs of Occasions. Lip.
O’Brien, Fitz James. I., 1828-1862. A brilliant but erratic journalist of
New York city. Poems and Stories; The Diamond Lens, and Other
Stories. See Memoir by W. Winter, infra. Scr.
O’Brien, John. I., 1841-1879. A Roman Catholic clergyman and
educator, professor of ecclesiastical history and sacred theology in
Mount St. Mary’s College, Emmittsburg, Maryland, from 1877. He
published, in 1879, A History of the Mass and its Ceremonies in the
Eastern and Western Churches, which has since passed through
fourteen editions. It is non-controversial in character, and is clear
and forcible in its style.
O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey. I., 1797-1880. An historical writer of
Albany, and subsequently of New York city. History of New
 Netherlands; Jesuit Relations; Documentary History of New York.
He edited many volumes of State and colonial records.
O’Connell, Jeremiah Joseph. I., 1821- ——. A Roman Catholic priest
of the Benedictine order in North Carolina. Catholicity in the
Carolinas and Georgia; Conferences on the Blessed Trinity.
O’Connor, Joseph. N. Y., 1841- ——. A journalist of Rochester, New
York, whose collected Poems appeared in 1895. Put.
O’Connor, William Douglas. Ms., 1832-1889. A clerk in the civil
service at Washington. Harrington, a novel; The Good Gray Poet, a
defence of Walt Whitman; The Ghost; Three Tales; Hamlet’s Note-
Book. Hou.
O’Conor, John Francis Xavier. N. Y., 1852- ——. A Roman Catholic
clergyman of the Society of Jesus, a professor in Boston College.
Something Real; Lyric and Dramatic Poetry; Reading and the Mind.
Odenheimer, William Henry. Pa., 1817-1879. The third Protestant
Episcopal bishop of New Jersey, 1859-74, becoming bishop of
Northern New Jersey in the latter year. Origin of the Prayer-Book;
Essay on Canon Law; The Sacred Scriptures the Imperial Record of
the Glory of the Holy Trinity; Jerusalem and its Vicinity; The
Devout Churchman’s Companion; The True Catholic no Romanist;
Thoughts on Immersion; Bishop White’s Opinions; Sermons, with
Memoir. Dut.
Odiorne, Thomas. N. H., 1769-1851. An iron manufacturer of Malden,
Massachusetts. The Progress of Refinement, a Poem; Fame and
Miscellanies.
O’Donnell, Daniel Kane. Pa., 1838-1871. A Philadelphia journalist
who published The Song of Iron and the Song of Slaves, with Other
Poems.
O’Donnell, Jessie Fremont. N. Y., 1860- ——. A writer of Lowville,
New York. Heart Lyrics; Horseback Sketches.
Officier, Morris. O., 1823-1874. A Lutheran missionary. Plea for a
Lutheran Mission in Africa; Western Africa a Mission Field;
African Bible Pictures.
O’Hara, Theodore. Ky., 1820-1867. An officer in the United States
army during the Mexican War, and subsequently in the Confederate
army. He is remembered for his poem, The Bivouac of the Dead,
stanzas from which have been inscribed on tablets in several of the
national cemeteries.
Olin, Mrs. Julia Matilda [Lynch]. N. Y., 1814-1879. Wife of S. Olin,
infra. Words of the Wise; Four Days in July; Curious and Useful
 Questions on the Bible; The Perfect Light, comprise her most
important writings.
Olin, Stephen. Vt., 1797-1851. A Methodist clergyman and educator,
president of Wesleyan University from 1842. Travels in Egypt,
Arabia Petræa, and the Holy Land; Greece and the Golden Horn;
College Life, its Theory and Practice; Youthful Piety. See Life and
Letters, 1857. Meth. Har.
Oliver, Benjamin Lynde. Ms., 1788-1843. A lawyer of Boston. Hints on
the Pursuit of Happiness; Rights of an American Citizen; Law
Summary; Practical Conveyancing; Forms of Practice; Forms of
Chancery. Lit.
Oliver, Mrs. Grace Atkinson [Little] [Ellis]. Ms., 1844-1899. A
littérateur of Salem, Massachusetts. Lives of Mrs. Barbauld, Maria
Edgeworth, Theodore Parker, Dean Stanley. She edited Tales of
Maria Edgeworth; Essays of Mrs. Barbauld; Tales and Poems of
Ann and Jane Taylor.
Oliver, Mrs. Martha [Capps]. Il., 1845- ——. A writer of Jacksonville,
Illinois. Her writings in verse for juvenile readers comprise, The
Story of Columbus; In Slavery Days; The Far West.
Oliver, Peter. N. H., 1822-1855. Nephew of B. L. Oliver, supra. A
lawyer of Boston whose Puritan Commonwealth, an historical
review of the Puritan government of Massachusetts, presents a not
altogether favourable picture of the period under discussion. Lit.
Olmsted [ŭm´sted or ŏm´sted], Alexander Fisher. N. C., 1822-1853.
Son of D. Olmsted, infra. A professor of chemistry in the
University of North Carolina who published Elements of Chemistry.
Olmsted, Denison. Ct., 1791-1859. A scientist who was professor of
natural philosophy at Yale College from 1825. Letters on
Astronomy; Compendium of Natural Philosophy; Students’
Commonplace Book; Introduction to Natural Philosophy.
Olmsted, Francis Allyn. N. C., 1819-1844. Son of D. Olmsted, supra. A
physician who published Incidents of a Whaling Voyage.
Olmsted, Frederick Law. Ct., 1822-1903. A celebrated landscape
architect of Boston. He designed the Central Park of New York city
and the park systems of Boston, Buffalo, and many other American
cities. Walks and Talks of an American Farmer; A Journey in the
Seaboard Slave States; A Journey through Texas; A Journey in the
Back Country.
Olney, Jesse. Ct., 1798-1872. A noted educator of Connecticut. The
National Preceptor; Geography and Atlas (1828), a standard work
 for a generation; History of the United States.
Olssen, William Whittingham. N. Y., 1827- ——. An Episcopal
clergyman and educator, professor of mathematics in St. Stephen’s
College, Annandale, New York, from 1871. Personality, Human and
Divine; Revelation, Universal and Special.
Olsson [ōl´sŭn], Olof. Sn., 1841-1900. A Lutheran clergyman, president
of Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois, from 1891. At the
Cross; Greetings from Afar, a volume of travel; The Christian
Hope.
Onderdonk, Henry. L. I., 1804-1886. Nephew of H. U. Onderdonk,
infra. An educator of Long Island, principal of Union Hall
Academy, 1832-1865. Queens County in Olden Times; Annals of
Hempstead, 1643-1832; Long Island and New York in Olden
Times.
Onderdonk, Henry Ustick. N. Y., 1789-1858. The second Protestant
Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania. Episcopacy Tested by Scripture,
republished as Episcopacy Examined and Re-Examined; Essay on
Regeneration; Sermons and Charges; Family Devotions.
O’Neall, John Belton. S. C., 1793-1863. A South Carolina jurist. Digest
of the Negro Law; Annals of Newberry District; Bench and Bar of
South Carolina.
Opdyke, George. N. J., 1805-1880. A banker of New York city, and
mayor of that city, 1862-63. Treatise on Political Economy; Report
on the Currency; Official Documents and Addresses.
Optic, Oliver. See Adams, W. T.
O’Reilly, Henry. I., 1800-1886. A journalist of Rochester, New York.
Sketches of Rochester; American Political Anti-Masonry.
O’Reilly, John Boyle. I., 1844-1890. A noted journalist of Boston,
editor of The Pilot. In his youth he was concerned in a Fenian
outbreak in Ireland, and banished to Australia. Escaping thence he
came to America in 1869 and settled in Boston, where his talents
speedily secured recognition. Much of his work in verse is
ephemeral, but his best lines have the ring of true poetry. Songs,
Legends, and Ballads; Moondyne; The Statues in the Block, and
Other Poems; Songs of the Southern Seas; In Bohemia. In prose he
published, Stories and Sketches; The Ethics of Boxing. See Life by
J. J. Boche, infra; Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 42.
O’Reilly, Miles. See Halpine.
Orme, Mary. See Nichols, Mrs.
Ormond, Alexander Thomas. Pa., 1847- ——. Stuart professor of
mental science and logic at Princeton University from 1883. Basal
Concepts in Philosophy. Scr.
Orne, Mrs. Caroline [Chaplin]. Ms., 18— -1882. Niece of J. Chaplin,
1st, supra. A once popular magazinist, who was the author of more
than two hundred and fifty stories.
Orne, Caroline Frances. Ms., 1818- ——. A Cambridge writer of verse,
and also of stories for children. Her life has all been passed in
Cambridge, her native place. A Day in the Woodlands; Lucy’s
Party, and Other Tales; Sweet Auburn and Mount Auburn, with
Other Poems; Morning Songs of American Freedom.
Orton, Edward. N. Y., 1829-1899. The State geologist of Ohio from
1883. Economic Geology of Ohio; Petroleum and Inflammable Gas.
Clke.
Orton, James. N. Y., 1830-1877. A Congregational clergyman, well
known as a naturalist, who was professor of natural history at
Vassar College, 1869-1877. Comparative Zoölogy; The Andes and
the Amazon; Underground Treasures; Liberal Education of Women.
Bai. Har.
Orton, James Rockwood. N. Y., 1800-1867. A littérateur of New York
city. Poetical Sketches; Arnold, and Other Poems; Camp Fires of
the Red Men; Confidential Experiences of a Spiritualist. Mac.
Osborn, Henry Fairfield. Ct., 1857- ——. A professor of biology at
Columbia College. From the Greeks to Darwin, an outline of the
evolution idea. Mac.
Osborn, Henry Stafford. Pa., 1823-1894. A Presbyterian clergyman
and educator, professor in Miami University, Ohio, 1871-73.
Palestine Past and Present; Fruits and Flowers of the Holy Land;
Scientific Metallurgy of Iron and Steel in the United States; Manual
of Bible Geography; Ancient Egypt in the Light of Recent
Discoveries; Little Pilgrims in the Holy Land; New Descriptive
Geography of Palestine; The Prospector’s Field Book and Guide; A
Practical Manual of Minerals, Mines, and Mining. Bai. Clke.
Osborn, John. Ms., 1713-1753. A physician of Middletown,
Connecticut, whose Whaling Song was long popular among sailors.
Osborn, Laughton. N. Y., 1809-1878. An artist and littérateur of New
York city. Confessions of a Poet; Sixty Years of the Life of Jeremy
Levis; The Vision of Rubeta; Arthur Carryl; Handbook of Oil
Painting; Travels by Sea and Land, and a number of comedies and
tragedies, include the most of his writing.
Osborn, Selleck. Ct., 1783-1826. A journalist, once popular as a poet,
who published Poems, Moral, Sentimental, and Satirical.
Osborne, [Samuel] Duffield. L. I., 1858- ——. A littérateur of New
York city. The Spell of Ashtaroth; The Robe of Nessus. Scr.
Oscanyan, Hatchik. Ty., 1818- ——. An Armenian writer of New York
city who took the name of Christopher. Acaby, a satirical romance;
Veronica, a novel; Bedig, a work for young readers; The Sultan and
His People, once a very popular work.
Osgood, Mrs. Frances Sargent [Locke]. Ms., 1811-1850. A verse-
writer whose poems were for a time extremely popular. She was the
wife of an artist, and lived some years in London. The Casket of
Fate; A Wreath of Wild Flowers from New England; The Happy
Release, a play written for Sheridan Knowles; Poems. See Life by
Griswold; Allibone’s Dictionary.
Osgood, Samuel. Ms., 1748-1813. A statesman who was a member of
the Continental Congress, 1780-84, and naval officer of the port of
New York, 1803-13. Letter on Episcopacy; Remarks on Daniel and
Revelation; Theology and Metaphysics.
Osgood, Samuel. Ms., 1812-1880. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor of the
Church of the Messiah in New York city, 1849-69. In 1870 he
entered the Episcopal ministry, but assumed no parochial duties.
Studies in Christian Biography; God with Men; Mile-Stones in our
Life Journey; The Hearthstone; Student Life; The Gospel Among
the Animals; American Leaves; The New Hampshire Book (with C.
J. Fox). His published orations upon patriotic events, notable men,
and historic themes, are numerous. Har.
Osler, William. Ont., 1849- ——. A physician, professor in Johns
Hopkins University from 1889. Clinical Notes on Small-Pox;
Histology Notes for Students; Cerebral Palsies of Children;
Principles and Practice of Medicine; Diagnosis of Abdominal
Tumors. Ap.
Osmun, Thomas Embley. “Alfred Ayres.” O., 1826-1902. An author of
New York city. The Verbalist; The Orthoepist; an annotated edition
of Cobbett’s Grammar; The Mentor; Acting and Actors; The
Essentials of Elocution. Ap. Fu.
Ossoli [ŏs´o-lee], Sarah Margaret [Fuller], Marchioness d’. Ms.,
1810-1850. A once famous writer of Boston whose personality was
more than anything she ever wrote, and who is little more than a
name to the present generation. She was a gifted woman, and as a
teacher in Boston, editor of The Dial, and literary critic for The
 New York Tribune, was a prominent figure. In 1845 she went to
Italy, and there was married to the Marquis d’Ossoli. Woman in the
Nineteenth Century; Art, Literature, and the Drama; At Home and
Abroad; A Summer on the Lakes. See Memoir by Emerson, W. H.
Channing, and J. F. Clarke; Lives by Higginson, Mrs. J. W. Howe;
Galaxy Magazine, May, 1878; Lowell’s Fable for Critics.
Oswald, Felix Leopold. Bm., 1845- ——. A naturalist of Tennessee.
Physical Education; Summerland Sketches; Zoölogical Sketches;
Household Remedies; The Secret of the East, or the Origin of the
Christian Religion; Days and Nights in the Tropics; The Bible of
Nature; The Poison Problem. Ap. Lip. Lo.
Otis, Mrs. Eliza Henderson [Bordman]. Ms., 1796-1873. Daughter-in-
law of H. G. Otis, infra. A philanthropist and social leader in
Boston who wrote The Barclays of Boston, a novel.
Otis, Elwell Stephen. Md., 1838- ——. A United States army officer.
The Indian Question.
Otis, Fessenden Nott. N. Y., 1825-1900. A physician of New York city.
Lessons in Drawing; Tropical Journeyings; History of the Panama
Railroad; Stricture of the Male Urethra; Clinical Lessons on
Syphilis; Physiology of Syphilitic Infection.
Otis, George Alexander. Ms., 1830-1881. A surgeon who was curator of
the Army Medical Museum at Washington. Report of Surgical
Cases Treated in the United States Army, 1867-71; Amputation at
the Hip Joint.
Otis, Harrison Gray. Ms., 1765-1848. Nephew of J. Otis, infra. A
prominent citizen of Boston famous for his eloquence. Letters in
Defence of the Hartford Convention; Orations and Addresses.
Otis, James. Ms., 1725-1783. A celebrated orator and politician, and one
of the most active advocates of American independence. He was an
impetuous, vehement speaker, and seldom failed to carry his hearers
with him. Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Approved;
Vindication of the British Colonies; Considerations on Behalf of the
Colonists; A Vindication of the Rights of the House of
Representatives of Massachusetts Bay. See Life by Tudor.
Otis, James. See Kaler.
Ott, Isaac. Pa., 1847- ——. A physician who has published Cocaine,
Veratria, and Gelseminum; Action of Medicines; Physiology and
Pathology of the Nervous System.
Otts, John Martin Philip. S. C., 1838-1901. A Presbyterian minister of
Talladega, Alabama. Nicodemus with Jesus; Light and Life for a