A croissant is a laminated, yeast-leavened bakery product that contains

dough/roll-in fat layers to create a flaky, crispy texture. Croissants belong to

the Viennoiserie or pastry category of baked goods along with brioche,
Danish, and puff pastries. A croissant usually contains normal levels of salt,
yeast, and sugar. The texture and eating quality of croissants are created:
Lamination: a folding process that creates alternating dough and fat layers
Expansion: caused by the leavening action of yeast fermentation, and
physical separation of the dough and fat layers during the oven spring stage
of baking as the water trapped between them vaporizes to steam.1

A cinnamon roll is a sweet baked dough filled with a cinnamon-sugar filling.

Made with a rich dough leavened with yeast, their characteristic form is due
to rolling a dough sheet containing the sweetened cinnamon filling.

 Common toppings for cinnamon rolls include cream cheese frosting or a

sugar glaze.
 Other toppings include pecans, peanuts, caramel, chocolate nut sprea,d
or chocolate sauce.

Bagel, a doughnut-shaped yeast-leavened roll that is characterized by a crisp,

shiny crust and a dense interior. Long regarded as a Jewish specialty item, the
bagel is commonly eaten as a breakfast food or snack, often with toppings
such as cream cheese and lox (smoked salmon).

Bagels are made from the basic bread ingredients of flour, yeast, salt, and

sweetening. High-gluten flour gives the roll its spongy, chewy texture, which
can be lightened by the addition of eggs, milk, and butter. 

A cookie is a baked or cooked snack or dessert that is typically small, flat and

sweet. It usually contains flour, sugar, egg, and some type of oil, fat,
or butter. It may include other ingredients such as raisins, oats, chocolate
chips, nuts, etc.
Cookies are most commonly baked until crisp or else for just long enough to
ensure soft interior. Other types of cookies are not baked at all, such as
varieties of peanut butter cookies that use solidified chocolate rather than set
eggs and wheat gluten as a binder.[9] Cookies are produced in a wide variety
of styles, using an array of ingredients including sugars, spices,
chocolate, butter, peanut butter, nuts, or dried fruits.

Pandesal, in turn, was originally made from wheat flour. Additionally,

American wheat soon became more affordable than rice in the 1900s.
And so this bread and other recipes that largely made use of wheat grew
in popularity.

Commercial yeast, canned dairy, and baking pans also became cheaper to
produce. This is because of the massive population of American
immigrants in the earlier part of the 20th century. This only helped
increase the demand for pandesal.

The Ensaimada is a simple rolled pastry made of flour, water, eggs, bread
starter (also known as “mother dough”, and a reduced pork lard (that’s used
the same way oil is used in other pastries). Ultimately, the ensaimada is an
incredibly simple pastry that’s made out of rolling up a flattened piece of
dough and shaping it into a circle. Then, they’re baked quickly and topped
with powdered sugar before being served. It’s like a cross between a pastry
you’d get at the fair and a fluffy croissant.

A muffin is an individually portioned baked product, however the term can

refer to one of two distinct items: a part-raised flatbread that is baked and
then cooked on a griddle, or an quickbread that is chemically leavened and
then baked in a mold.

The difference between cakes and muffins is that a muffin is a form of bread;
whereas a cake, which is much sweeter, is not. Cakes are the favorite dessert
choice while muffins are served for breakfast. Cakes usually have frosting on
them while muffins are never frosted.

Cheesecake is a sweet dessert consisting of one or more layers. The main,

and thickest, layer consists of a mixture of a soft, fresh cheese, eggs, and
sugar. If there is a bottom layer, it most often consists of a crust or base made
from crushed cookies, graham crackers, pastry, or sometimes sponge cake.
A traditional cheesecake is a lesson in simplicity. Made with just three simple
ingredients; cream cheese, sugar and eggs, it's one of the more popular styles
of cheesecake. Not just limited to cream cheese, different countries and
places have their own spin on tradition, often using ricotta, mascarpone and
quark.

A doughnut or donut is a type of food made from leavened fried dough. It is

popular in many countries and is prepared in various forms as a sweet snack
that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls,
and franchised specialty vendors.
The early Americans took the fact that the treats were fried in oil quite
literally, naming them olykoeks, translating to "oily cakes." The word 'donut'
came soon after when a woman is said to have put nuts in the dough before
frying it.

Bread and
Pastry
Mark Zymon G. Escueta
Grade II- Geranium