The Kingdom of Holland (Dutch: Koningrijk Holland (contemporary), Koninkrijk

Holland (modern); French: Royaume de Hollande) was the successor state of the Batavian Republic.
It was created by Napoleon Bonaparte in March 1806 in order to better control the Netherlands.
Since becoming Emperor in 1804, Napoleon sought to extirpate republican tendencies in territories
France controlled, and placed his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, on the throne of the puppet
kingdom.[2] The name of the leading province, Holland, now designated the whole country. In
1807, East Frisia and Jever were added to the kingdom.
In 1809, after the Walcheren Campaign, Holland had to surrender all territories south of the
river Rhine to France. Also in 1809, Dutch forces fighting on the French side participated in defeating
the anti-Bonapartist German rebellion led by Ferdinand von Schill, at the battle of Stralsund.
King Louis did not perform to Napoleon's expectations – he tried to serve Dutch interests instead of
his brother's – and the kingdom was dissolved in 1810, after which the Netherlands were annexed
by France until 1813. Holland covered the area of the present-day Netherlands, with the exception
of Limburg, and parts of Zeeland, which were French territory, and with the addition of East Frisia. It
was the first formal monarchy in the Netherlands since 1581.
King Louis did not perform to Napoleon's expectations – he tried to serve Dutch interests instead of
his brother's – and the kingdom was dissolved in 1810, after which the Netherlands were annexed
by France until 1813. Holland covered the area of the present-day Netherlands, with the exception
of Limburg, and parts of Zeeland, which were French territory, and with the addition of East Frisia. It
was the first formal monarchy in the Netherlands since 1581.