Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INDEX
1. Introduction and relevance of the case study
2. Theoretical framework
2.1 Having a student with dyslexia in the English class
2.2 How to engage pupils with dyslexia in the English lessons?
3. Practical resolution
3.1 Context involved: 3rd grade
3.2 Previous considerations
3.3 Attention to diversity following the Universal Design for Learning
3.4 Methodological guidelines based on the Andalusian legislation
3.5 Didactic proposal: a lesson around a role-play
3.6 Evaluation of the practice
4. Curricular relationship
5. Final comments
6. References
6.1 Bibliographic references
6.2 Legislative references
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1. INTRODUCTION AND RELEVANCE OF THE CASE STUDY
This quote is a great way to introduce this case study since it expresses masterfully
one of the most enriching conditions present in the classroom: diversity. Homogeneity in
a classroom does not exist. Each student is different from each other and not for that less
capable.
Thereby, how can we design a curriculum that works for all students? Regarding
Rapp (2015), including the principles of the Universal Design for Learning can make
English lessons more welcoming and accessible for all students, especially for those who
present special educational needs, as it is the case of students with dyslexia.
Overall, throughout the following pages we will design a lesson for the 3rd grade of
Primary Education where a boy with dyslexia can be found. This lesson includes some
adaptations to guarantee the academic success and full development of the student with
dyslexia.
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2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Regarding the Instruction of March 8th, 2017, students with dyslexia are considered
students with special needs of educational support. Some of the most predominant
obstacles that students with dyslexia face in the class are:
- Poor reading, spelling and writing skills, despite having normal intelligence.
- Difficulty in remembering the right name for things.
- Trouble memorizing written passages.
- Emotional problems such as fatigue, headaches, frustration and low self-esteem.
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3. PRACTICAL RESOLUTION
Now, it is time to go deeper into the resolution of the case by pointing out all the
factors that might influence the didactic proposal.
It is remarkable to mention that a student with dyslexia can be found in this group. I
will pay special attention to him to guarantee that he is fully integrated within the class.
More details about him will be deeply explained in section 3.3 “Attention to diversity”.
Since the beginning of the school year we have noticed that some students were a bit
demotivated towards out area due to demotivating experiences. Therefore, in order to
increase our students’ engagement, we have created a gamified environment in the
English lessons in order to teach English in an amusing way. The didactic proposal of this
case study consists on a lesson located in the middle of a didactic unit called
“Mediterranean food looks delicious” whose Final Task consists on designing a healthy
menu about the healthy gastronomy of Andalucía for a restaurant of the neighbourhood.
This lesson will be focused on practicing the content studied along the unit in a
communicative way.
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3.3 Attention to diversity following the Universal Design for Learning
Attention to diversity is regulated by the Order of January 15th, 2021, Chapter III
and by the Instruction of March 8th, 2017. As the Order recommends in its art. 4.5, we
have incorporated the principles of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in our
teaching practice, whose main aim is to guarantee inclusion and give all students equal
opportunities to success by:
- Providing multiple forms of representation (flashcards, songs, realia, online…).
- Providing multiple forms of action (auditory, visual, kinesthetic…).
- Providing multiple forms of motivation (badges, ClassDojo, positive feedback…).
Furthermore, in order to address to the different levels found in the class, I have
designed some reinforcement worksheets and some online tasks of higher complexity.
Besides, since in our classroom there is a boy who presents dyslexia, we will develop a
Learning reinforcement programme for him, as the Order of January 15th suggests in its
art. 12. Important information about him will be analyzed below:
· Measures:
- Give them more time to complete written tasks or activities.
- Present exercises step by step and establish breaks between activities.
- Present information in different forms, including pictures, authentic material,
realia, videos, songs, and so on.
- Give frequent positive feedback to help him feel secure and valued.
- Create a calm-down box for him for those moments in which he feels fatigue.
- Simplify language, it is essential to be specific.
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3.4 Methodological guidelines based on the Andalusian legislation
The methodological principles implemented along this case study will be based
on the recommendation gathered in the art.4 of the Order of January 15th, 2021, and on
the art. 8 of the Decree 97/2015, of March 3rd. In brief, they are the following:
- The use of the ICT’s will be implemented through learning platforms such as
“Liveworksheet” , “ClassDojo”, “Voki” and the use of tablets and “QR codes”.
For the development of this lesson the class will be sub-divided in their cooperative
teams, which are mixed-ability groups of 6 members. The activities that shape this lesson
of 1 hour are the following:
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- Warm-up: “First challenge: pass the tablet!”
- Timing: 10 minutes.
- Didactic resources: 1 tablet per team, “Liveworksheet” online platform.
- Description: each team will scan a QR code given by the teacher with the
tablet. This code will give each group access to an online task previously
created by the teacher for this concrete group of pupils using the website
“Liveworksheets”. The task consists on labelling 10 images related to healthy
food of the Mediterranean diet and record the pronunciation of each one. For
the realization of the task, students will follow the cooperative technique
“Rotatory sheet”, so the tablet will be rotation among the members of the
group. The activity will conclude with a whole class correction.
- Attention to diversity: the website will provide some letters of the words to
help students to recall the spelling, this option can be used by the dyslexic
student at all times.
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- “Running dictation”: the teacher will paste in the blackboard a text
about the gastronomy of Andalucía. One member of the team run to the
blackboard, memorise one sentence and read it aloud to the group. They
swift roles until the dialogue have been successfully transcribed.
- Attention to diversity: the teacher will be monitoring the whole lesson to
check that each team knows what to do, especially, the station number 1.
Extra visual support will be provided and written texts will be provided in
large font in order to meet the needs of the student with dyslexia.
Regarding the art. 23 of the Order of January 15th, 2021, Chapter IV, the
evaluation process should be objective, global, criterial, formative and continuous.
During the didactic unit where the lesson developed takes place, we will evaluate 4
assessment criteria, each one related to one linguistic skill. Each assessment criteria will
weigh the 25% of the global qualification. During this lesson, we will evaluate the
assessment criteria 2.9, related to the writing skill. For that, we will use the Seneca
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notebook to associate the assessment criteria 2.9 to the assessable activity “Detectives
in action!”. This activity will be evaluated by using the following assessment and
qualification techniques and instruments:
- Analysis of the assessable activity: the teacher will evaluate the worksheets of
pupils by using a checklist as an instrument.
- Peer-assessment: pupils will evaluate their peers’ performance by using a co-
evaluation sheet as an instrument.
- Self-assessment: pupils will evaluate their own performance by using the
European Portfolio of Languages as an instrument. This instrument is highly
recommended by the Council of Europe (2020), since it allows pupils to reflect
on what they have learnt.
4. CURRICULAR RELATIONSHIP
With all the above in mind, now we will analyse the contribution of the activity
“Make the monster speak!” to the curricular elements found in the Annex II of the
Order of January 15th, 2021:
- Assessment criteria: we contribute directly to the assessment criteria 2.9
related to the writing skill.
- English area objectives: there are 9 objectives to be attain by our students
during the Primary Education stage. The already mentioned assessment criteria
is linked to the objective number 3, related to the writing skill. Additionally, we
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will work on the objective number 9, related to the acquisition of some lexical,
grammatical and spelling aspects.
- Key competences: we pay special attention to the Competence in Linguistic
Communication, but also to the following:
- Social and Civic Competence, through the use of cooperative
techniques.
- Digital Competence, through the use of digital devices.
- Contents: the activity previously mentioned contribute to the block of contents
4: “Production of written texts: expression and interaction”. Besides, this
activity works on lexis related to food and some basic grammar structures about
ordering at a restaurant. Last but not least, this activity deals with some
transversal contents, which are “Health education” and “Education for the
culture of Andalucía”.
5. FINAL COMMENTS
“Educating the mind without educating the heart is not educating at all”.
Fred Rogers.
Having analyzed this case study, it has been proved that working with students
with special educational support is possible if we as teachers propose it. It is our mission
to show students that everyone is different, everyone has strengths and everyone has
needs. This assumption will help students to understand that being different is not a bad
thing, on the contrary, being unique is one of the most special conditions of human
beings.
Concluding and going back to Rogers’ quote, we cannot forget that this education
should be done heart by heart, in a supportive atmosphere where pupils feel happy,
motivated and capable of developing their skills in order to achieve their maximun
personal, intellectual, social and emotional development to become competent citizens,
which should be our main mission as teacher according to the art. 16 of the Organic law
3/2020, of December 29th.
“Diversity is the mix, inclusion is making the mix work”.
Andrés Tapia.
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6. REFERENCES
The present case study has taken into account the standing legislation and the reliable
bibliography that is presented below.
- Organic Law 3/2020, of December 29th, which modifies the Organic Law
2/2006, of May 3rd, on Education.
- Royal Decree 126/2014, of February 28th, which establishes the basic
curriculum for Primary Education nationwide in Spain.
- Royal Decree 984/2021, of November 16th, which regulates the evaluation and
promotion in Primary Education, Secondary Education and Bachelors.
- Decree 97/2015, of March 3rd, modified by the Decree 181/2020, of
November 10th, which establishes the ordination and curriculum of Primary
Education in Andalucía.
- Order of January 15th, 2021, which develops the curriculum for the Primary
Education Stage, regulates attention to diversity, establishes the ordination of
the evaluation process and determines the transit process between the
different educative stages in Andalucía.
- Instruction of 8th March, 2017, modified by the Instruction of March 8th, 2021,
which updates the protocol of detection of students with special needs and
establishes the educational response.
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