POLITEKNIK MERLIMAU

HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING

RFID

AHMAD RIDZWAN
14DTK21F1015

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

MAY 2023
 POLITEKNIK MERLIMAU

HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING

RFID

AHMAD RIDZWAN
14DTK21F1015

This report was submitted to the Electrical Engineering

Department, Politeknik Merlimau in fulfillment of the
requirement for a Diploma in Electronic Engineering
(Computer)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

MAY 2023
 CONFIRMATION OF THE PROJECT

The project report titled as “Hostel Management System using RFID” has
been submitted, reviewed, and verified as a fulfills the conditions and
requirements of the Project Writing as stipulated.

Checked and verified by

Supervisor’s signature :

Supervisor’s name : NORMAH BINTI JANTAN

Date : 16 MAY 2023

“I acknowledge this work is my own work except for the excerpts I have
already explained to our source”

Student signature :

Student name : AHMAD RIDZWAN

Registration Number : 14DTK21F1015

Date : 16 MAY 2023

 DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY AND OWNERSHIP

HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING RFID

1. I, AHMAD RIDZWAN (NRIC No : 030806-10-1693) is a student of

Diploma in Electronic Engineering (Computer), Politeknik
Merlimau, which is located at Jalan Merlimau, 77300 Merlimau,
Melaka, Malaysia.
(Hereinafter referred to as 'the Polytechnic').

2. I acknowledge that 'The Project above' and the intellectual property

therein is the result of our original creation / creations without taking or
impersonating any intellectual property from the other parties.

3. I agree to release the 'Project' intellectual property to 'The Polytechnics'

to meet the requirements for awarding the Diploma in Electronic
Engineering (Computer) to me.

Made and in truth that is recognized by; )

AHMAD RIDZWAN ) ……………………………………..
(National Identification Card No: ) AHMAD RIDZWAN
030806101693)
)
In front of me, ) .....………………………………….
NORMAH BINTI JANTAN ) NORMAH BINTIN JANTAN
(normah@pmm.edu.my)
As a Project Supervisor, on the date:
16 FEBRUARY 2023
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I've worked extremely hard on this proposal project. However, without the kind
assistance and encouragement of many people and organizations, it would not have been
feasible. I want to express my sincere appreciation to each and every one of them. I owe
a great deal to Puan Normah Binti Jantan for his direction, continual watchfulness, and
provision of the Project's necessary information, as well as for his assistance in seeing
the through to completion. I want to express my appreciation to my parents and the staff
at Politeknik Merlimau for their wonderful assistance and encouragement in allowing
me finish this proposal project. I would like to express my sincere gratitude and thanks
to the experts on the subject for their time and attention. My thanks and appreciation
also go to my colleague who assisted me in developing the proposal project and the
people who volunteered to assist me with their skills.

v
 ABSTRACT

The RFID project is a system that allow warden to control the hostel or reduce
the usage of electricity at the hostel. This systems use Arduino UNO as the
microcontroller to control all of the component that we used. It is using software
Arduino IDE as a platform to make the coding and also use RF transceiver.
This project can make the warden to switch off the lamp easily without having to go
every room that can save time and warden’s energy. The project can also educated the
resident of hostel especially student to follow the hostel laws such as room's
light must be switch off after 11.00 pm. Now warden can easily control the rate
of electricity usage in the hostel by using this project.

ABSTRAK

Projek RFID adalah sistem yang membolehkan warden mengawal asrama atau
mengurangkan penggunaan elektrik di asrama. Sistem ini menggunakan Arduino UNO
sebagai mikropengawal untuk mengawal semua komponen yang kami gunakan. Ia
menggunakan perisian Arduino IDE sebagai platform untuk membuat pengekodan dan
juga menggunakan transceiver RF. Projek ini boleh membuatkan warden menutup
lampu dengan mudah tanpa perlu pergi ke setiap bilik yang boleh menjimatkan masa
dan tenaga warden. Projek ini juga dapat mendidik penghuni asrama khususnya pelajar
supaya mematuhi undang-undang asrama seperti lampu bilik hendaklah ditutup selepas
jam 11.00 malam. Kini warden boleh mengawal kadar penggunaan elektrik di asrama
dengan mudah dengan menggunakan projek ini.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

CONFIRMATION OF THE PROJECT iii

DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY AND OWNERSHIP iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
ABSTRACT vi
ABSTRAK vii
LIST OF TABLES xi
LIST OF FIGURES xii

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 10
1.2 Problem Statement 10
1.3 Project Objective 11
1.4 Project Scope 11
1.5 Usability and Significance of Project 12
1.6 Contribution to Sustainability Environment and Society 12
1.7 Chapter Summary 12

2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Main Technology 1 (RFID) 13
2.3 Carry Out Fact Finding 14
2.4 Chapter Summary 18

3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 19
3.2 Graphic and Block Diagram for Project 20
3.3 Flowchart of the Project 22
3.4 Technical Resources (Hardware) 23

vii
 3.5 Technical Resources (Software) 26
3.6 Chapter Summary 27

4 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURIAL

4.1 Introduction 28
4.2 Managerial 29
4.3 Cost Estimation and Financial Resources 30
4.4 Entrepreneurial Opportunity 31
4.5 Chapter Summary 31

REFERENCES 32

viii
 LIST OF TABLES

NO TABLE TITLE PAGE

2.1 Summarize of literature reviews of the project 14

4.1 Weekly Gantt chart for DEE40082 Project 1. 29
4.2 List the cost of component, materials and others. 30

ix
 LIST OF FIGURES

NO. FIGURE TITLE PAGE

3.1 Sketch design of the project 20

3.2 Block diagram of the project 21
3.3 Flowchart of functional project 22
3.4 Arduino Uno 23
3.5 RFID Reader 24
3.6 RF Transceiver 24
3.7 Relay 4 channel 25
3.8 LCD Display 25
3.9 Arduino IDE Software 26

x
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

RFID hostel systems is a software develop system of managing the hostel activities
which is can help warden to controls the using of lighting in every room. This project
also can help the warden to manage their allotting record such as can block by tap the
RFID card and automatically the light will be switch off. Every use of light will be fully
controlled by warden. Then, this system will also help in educate students in following
hostel rules that have been provided. RFID Hostel Management System is using passive
RFID component. The part of electronics, we are use RFID reader, LCD display,
Arduino UNO, RF Transceiver relay 4 channel, and RFID card. This concept is done
by manually touch the RFID cards to the RFID reader and the light will on or off. The
LCD will display either the light system is on or off.

1.2 Problem Statement

• Problem for hostel warden that need to go to every students block in the middle
of night for close every lamps for students to sleep.

• Therefore, I want to innovate that problem by using RFID system so the warden
just have to swap a RFID card to close every lamps on student blocks.

• It will save warden time and energy because they can control hostel light just
from their room / office / house.

11
1.3 Project Objective

There are several objectives that have been identified in the development of this project.
The objectives are;

• To design a model that how RFID work that can control lights just touch an
RFID card to the reader.

• To build a display that show which room that the light will turn on based on the
RFID card read on the code.

• To build the circuit and coding requirement to make RFID system work
successfully.

1.4 Project Scope

In this study, several scopes and limitations of the project have been identified namely:

• The mission is aimed on designing a RFID model to control light at hostel which
as the method to switch off every lamp at student’s hostel.

• It because, students need to sleep at 11am so, as the warden no longer need to
walk to go student’s block to switch off the light.

• The main component that used to build this project is Arduino Uno, RFID
Reader, RF Transceiver, Relay and LCD display.

• The RFID transmit can reach to RF transceiver in about 5 meter away before the
connection may be interrupted.

12
1.5 Usability and Significance of Project

The usability of the project is the ease of use and learnability of the project by the user
which is for hostel warden. It can focus on the target group, and to what extent that the
warden can use the project. Warden no need to walk far away to go every students
block just to switch OFF the lights for them because they now can just use an RFID
system to do it.

1.6 Contribution to Sustainability Environment and Society

• It will save the hostel warden time because they no longer need to go
every room by room to switch off lights in the night.

• Therefore, it will save warden energy and got extra time to do another
work while they can switch off/on lights from their room.

• RFID systems offers a fast and reliable way to track them without having to count
each individual item. With RFID applications you can immediately see how many items
you have of any one type and their location or what stage they are at in the process.

• Furthermore, it also has benefits for student which is they can sleep early and go to
class without tired for sleeping late at night.

1.7 Chapter Summary

In summary, RFID technology offers a multitude of benefits, including efficient data

collection, improved inventory management, enhanced security, streamlined logistics,
enhanced customer experience, seamless integration, and scalability. By leveraging
RFID, you can optimize processes, increase efficiency, and gain valuable insights,
ultimately leading to improved operational effectiveness and better business outcomes.
13
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

The literature study in this chapter's part looks at the project's conceptual underpinnings
as well as the rigorous process that went into its development. A product documentation
for the project will be created using the findings from this literature review.

2.2 Main Technology 1 (RFID)

RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification. It is a technology that uses radio waves
to wirelessly identify and track objects or individuals. The basic components of an RFID
system include RFID tags, RFID readers, and a backend system for data processing and
analysis.

RFID tags, also known as transponders or smart labels, are small electronic devices that
consist of an integrated circuit (IC) and an antenna. These tags can be attached or
embedded into objects or carried by individuals. They store and transmit information
when exposed to radio frequency signals from an RFID reader.

When an RFID tag comes into the range of an RFID reader, the reader sends out a radio
signal that powers up the tag. The tag then responds by transmitting its unique
identification code and any additional data stored on the tag's memory. The reader
captures this information and sends it to the backend system for processing. The data
can be used for various purposes, such as inventory management, asset tracking, access
control, authentication, and more.

14
2.3 Carry Out Fact Finding

Table 2.2: Summarize of literature reviews of the project

NO TITLE/AUTHOR OBJECTIVE METHOD RESULT

1. Concept of an +12V and +5V dc When somebody

RFID based room
automatic Door power supply is enters into the room,
Automation
Access System with used. +12V is then the counter is
https://m5.gs/WnRkNF automatic Room provided to the relayincremented by one
Light driver. +5V is and the lights in the
Controller and provided using 7805 room will be switched
Visitor Counter IC. on automatically
2. Used in offices Interfacing the When you swipe an
RFID RC522
where employees MFRC522 RFID RFID tag next to the
Attendance System
have issued an SPI module with RFID reader, it saves
Using Arduino.(2)
RFID card and their Arduino. We are the user UID and time
By: SM Electronic attendance is also interfacing SD in an SD card. It also
Solutions marked when they CARD MODULE shows if you are late
touch their card to as a Datalogger or in time accordingly
https://m5.gs/bTVZV3
the RFID reader where the data is to a preset hour and
saved in text format. minute.
Similarly, RTC
Module DS3231 or
DS1307 is used to
store time
information
3. RFID based gate A buzzer sound The vehicle owners
RFID based automated
opening uses a comes while the are allowed an entry
gate security system.
microcontroller card is swiped. only when their RFID
By: Asha.A, S.Syed along with circuits Upon every entry of card is swiped.
Navaz, J. Jayashree1 monitoring entry a vehicle the
and J. Vijayashree1 and exit of cars authorized card
matched with stored
https://m5.gs/OTlwYl
data and operation
will perform gate
open and close if the
card is not
authorized then it
displays card details
not found

15
4. Smoothen the If the card number isAs the car enters,
RFID based Smart Car
operations of matched with saved information about the
Parking System parking systems, as number in the free slots i.e., the free
well as mitigate database, the slot number is
By: Kumar Kannan traffic congestion Arduino will allow displayed on the LCD
caused by parking the car to park in thedisplay.
https://m5.gs/bkVWR search. secured area
D

5. Electronic door The RFID Reader In this system, you

RFID door lock system
locks systems, these Module is used to need a particular card
using Arduino and
are basically keyless read the Card or or key tag and put it
RFID Module.(3)
door locks it don’t Key Tag value and in front of the RFID
By: SM Electronic need a key to unlocksend the value to the door locks system
the door Arduino. Then the box (RFID Reader) to
Arduino matches unlock the door.
https://m5.gs/Y1Fjb1 this value with the
predefined value in
the code. If this
value is matched
then the
microcontroller
sends a command to
the servo motor to
unlock the door.
6. RFID based The proposed RFID As a result,
Automated toll
Automated Toll system uses tags transparency in toll
collection system based
Collection System isthat are mounted on payment can be
on RFID sensor.(1)
introduced as a the digital number ensured with reduced
By: Sabbir Ahmed, solution of the plate of the vehicles,manual labor and
Tamkin Mahmud Tan. traffic problems and through which human errors. Thus,
https://m5.gs/bjhYOF also to maintain information building smart
transparency in the embedded on the transportation system
toll collection tags are read by will become easier.
system. RFID readers.

16
7. Introduces the use There are three mainAnimal may be
Farm management
of rewritable tags, types of tags used tracked as it moves
system based on
for the storage of for animal from location to
animal identification
information that can identification: location, from the
using RFID
be used to identify boluses, ear tags, very first moment of
technology.
the animal in case it and injectable glass its birth until the time
By: Athanasios S. gets lost, or even tags, which are of its slaughter. RFID
Voulodimos recognize some injected under the technology can
https://m5.gs/M1dPNG basic information skin. Boluses are therefore provide
about it (e.g. capsules, reliable and efficient
behavior against incorporating a tracking, while, at the
other animals) radio frequency same time, permitting
without the need of transponder, which to monitor not only
contacting the are retained in one which farmer it
related database. of the first two belongs to or which
stomachs of the animals are its
ruminants and it has parents.
been proven to be a
safe choice.
8. Focused on Controlled by an Can communicate
Address digitization
digitizing addresses Arduino wirelessly with the
and smart mailbox with
of locations and microcontroller homeowner to
RFID technology.
building a smart board. We explored provide mail status
By: Jonathan Ross mailbox by the idea of address updates and home
Tew, Lydia Ray. combining wireless digitization (using security footage
https://m5.gs/NmFzR0 sensors, cameras, RFID tags to store through digital
locks, and RFID addresses) and photographs.
readers and tags intoincorporated it into
a system. a mailbox.
9. Be able to monitor Received by the RC This RC water
IoT Water Pollution
the actual level of receiver the pollution monitor
Monitor RC Boat
water pollution. controller operates boat allows for
By: Nevon Project the DC motor which recording as well as
rotates the propeller transmitting water
through a flexible quality data to an IOT
https://rb.gy/4ixknv bearing and shaft. server online.
Now we have 2x
direction control
rudders attached to a
servo motor used to
steer the boat as per
controller signals
received.
Additionally, we
have two sensors to
determine water
17
 quality, we include
PH sensors as well
as turbidity sensor
and a dissolved
oxygen sensor.
These sensors will
detect the presence
of suspended
particles in the
water.
10. We are using RFID We just have to When RFID reader,
RFID Based Petrol
card to access petrol place the RFID card reads the card it asks
Pump Automation
at different petrol near the RFID for the 3-digit
System Electronics
stations of different reader. Then the password, if we enter
Projects, Hardware
petrol companies microcontroller wrong password more
Projects
across the country reads the data from than twice it raises an
By: Nevon Project and here, we are the RFID reader and alarm. And when the
connecting all these performs the action right password is
petrol stations using according to the entered is into the
https://rb.gy/ienlag single web server. customer system, the system
requirements. This asks for the amount
digital petrol pump and it also shows the
system also providesbalance amount. On
the security for the entering the amount,
customers for filling the motor starts and
petrol at the Petrol petrol gets filled in
stations by avoiding the petrol tank from
the involvement of the fuel dispenser.
human beings.

2.4 Chapter Summary

This section focusses on a literature studies of different topics. This section

demonstrates the significance detail main technologies use in this innovation project
with referred to previous existence product or other related research. It is possible to
examine a number of other projects that are comparable to this one in order to find ways
to improve it and increase its chances of success.

18
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

The system use an Arduino UNO as the microcontroller to control all of the components
as shown in Figure 3.1. It is using software Arduino IDE as a platform to make the
coding. This project also uses RF transceiver as a component which is to accept or give
the signal or code within two components. RFID is an important part which is the part
we want to control the lamp. Also, LCD is a component that will display to the
condition of every room. And lastly, relay 4 channel which is to connect from
Arduino and RF transceiver to the lamp. The flowchart of the system is shown in Figure
3.2, which detailed the programming methodology from the beginning in which the user
touch the RFID card until the relays will toggle switches ON and OFF.

19
3.2 Graphic and Block Diagram for Project

Figure 3.1: Sketch design of the project

20
 Figure 3.2: Block diagram of the project

The block diagram in Figure 3.2 shows the basic connection structure of the main
components used to complete this innovation project. The project uses one main input
that produced by powerbank to supply the Arduino Uno and relay.

21
3.3 Flowchart of the Project

Figure 3.3: Flowchart of functional project.(4)

22
3.4 Technical Resources (Hardware)

The main hardware that I use to build this project is :-

• Arduino Uno
• RFID Reader
• RF Transceiver
• Relay 4 Channel
• LCD Display

• Arduino Uno

Figure 3.4: Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip

ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in
2010. The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O)
pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits.
The board has 14 digital I/O pins (six capable of PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and
is programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment), via a
type B USB cable. It can be powered by a USB cable or a barrel connector that
accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts, such as a rectangular 9-volt battery. It is
similar to the Arduino Nano and Leonardo. The hardware reference design is
distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and is
available on the Arduino website. Layout and production files for some versions of the
hardware is also available.

23
 • RFID Reader

Figure 3.5: RFID Reader

The RFID reader is a network-connected device that can be portable or permanently

attached. It uses radio waves to transmit signals that activate the tag. Once activated,
the tag sends a wave back to the antenna, where it is translated into data. The
transponder is in the RFID tag itself.(6)

• RF Transceiver

Figure 3.6: RF Transceiver

RF transceivers are devices or modules that contain both a transmitter (Tx) and a
receiver (Rx). Tx and Rx elements usually share functionality including antenna
interface, low pass filtering, Rx/Tx switching and associated control circuits.(9)

24
 • Relay

Figure 3.7: Relay 4 channel

The 4 Channel Relay Module is a convenient board which can be used to control high
voltage, high current load such as motor, solenoid valves, lamps and AC load. It is
designed to interface with microcontroller such as Arduino, PIC and etc.

• LCD Display

Figure 3.8: LCD Display

The term LCD stands for liquid crystal display. It is one kind of electronic display
module used in an extensive range of applications like various circuits & devices like
mobile phones, calculators, computers, TV sets, etc. These displays are mainly preferred
for multi-segment light-emitting diodes and seven segments. The main benefits of using
this module are inexpensive; simply programmable, animations, and there are no
limitations for displaying custom characters, special and even animations, etc.(10)

25
3.5 Technical Resources (Software)

The project that will be developed uses Arduino Uno as a microcontroller. This Arduino
Uno works with an embedded software program that will be developed based on the
instructions that meet the circuit's operational objectives. In general, there is one main
software to complete this project namely:

i. Arduino IDE

Figure 3.9: Arduino IDE Software

Figure 3.9 shows an Arduino UNO software called Arduino IDE. The software uses C
and C++ are the programming languages which is standard across all of Arduino boards
and can be used either online or offline. It includes a code editor with features such as
text cutting and pasting, searching and replacing text, automatic indenting, brace
matching, and syntax highlighting, and provides simple one-click mechanisms to
compile and upload programs to an Arduino board. The source code for the IDE is
released under the GNU General Public License, version 2 User-written code only
requires two basic functions, for starting the sketch and the main program loop, that are
compiled and linked with a program stub main () into an executable cyclic executive
program with the GNU toolchain, also included with the IDE distribution. The Arduino
IDE employs the program avrdude to convert the executable code into a text file in
hexadecimal encoding that is loaded into the Arduino board by a loader program in
theboard’s firmware.(8)
26
3.6 Chapter Summary

In this chapter, several methods have been clearly explained starting from the initial
design process based on an overview sketch of the innovation product to the information
related to the hardware and software used to produce this project. Among the other
processes involved are the production process of the block diagram of the project,
functional flow chart of the project, the complete schematic circuit of the project and a
complete and brief description of the main components used to complete this project.

27
 CHAPTER 4

PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURIAL

4.1 Introduction

Project management and the cost of managing the project is one of the important
processes that will be/will go through during the completion of this project. It is very
important to provide an orderly and organized framework based on the proposed
mileage chart to be achieved according to the weeks of lecture learning. It can indirectly
help streamline work results that are more effective in reference to the objectives of the
project that has been produced. Entrepreneurial elements are also applied to ensure that
the project produced has commercial value that can be marketed by looking at the risks
of loss that may arise and the necessary steps to overcome them.

In project management, ensuring that all of a project's needs are satisfied is

accomplished by the use of information, skills, tools, and procedures. Planning, carrying
out the project plan, and keeping track of how well the plan is working are all
components of the process known as project management. On the other hand, cost
management encompassed the processes of planning, estimating, budgeting, financing,
funding, managing, and controlling expenditures in order to ensure that the project could
be completed without exceeding the amount of money that had been set aside for it

28
4.2 Managerial

Table 4.1: Weekly Gantt chart for DEE40082 Project 1

Table 4.1 show the planning and implementation Gantt charts for the courses
DEE40082 Project 1 that have been done throughout the completion of this innovation
project. Proposals for the activities found on this Gantt chart have been drawn up by the
institution under the portfolio management of the Unit Projek Pelajar JKE PMM, while
for the rest implementation of the activities has been done jointly by the project
supervisor.

29
4.3 Cost Estimation and Financial Resources

The financial resources to complete this project are fully funded from my own financial
resources. Expenses related to the purchase of electrical components, external hardware,
spare parts and other costs that will be incurred during the implementation of this project
will be explained. Most of these items will be purchased online at Shopee stores as well
as at nearby electronic or electrical stores. Cost comparisons have also been done online
by referring to websites that sell similar equipment, especially electronic components
such as the GI Electronic store. This project aims to cost no more than RM500.00
including incidental costs such as vehicle use and delivery costs.(7)

Table 4.2: List the cost of component, materials and others

No. Component and materials The unit price Quantity Total

1. Arduino Uno set RM 29.70 2 RM 59.40

2. RFID Reader RM 12.50 2 RM 25.00

3. RF Transceiver RM 28.90 2 RM 57.80

4. LCD Display RM 12.90 1 RM 12.90

5. Relay 4 Channel RM 9.90 1 RM 9.90

6. Cable RM 20.00 1 RM 20.00

7.

8.

9.

10.

TOTAL RM 185

30
4.4 Entrepreneurial Opportunity

The innovative products produced are specifically developed for the use of hostel’s
warden to switch OFF every light for student. In addition to being used for hostel’s
warden, it can also be used for head of department in school organization. Therefore,
this system is very capable of helping the users for the purpose of doing their job. If you
want to compare this innovative product with other advanced technologies such as GPS
satellite-based and satellite phones, the developed system are much cheaper. If this
innovative product is developed with a large amount of scale like factory production, of
course the value will be drop to 50% cheaper. Besides the reasonable cost, this product
has commercial value because it is compact, and simple to operate.(5)

4.5 Chapter Summary

Apart from the planning and management of project activities, every aspect of the
production cost used to complete this project has been detailed in this chapter. This
chapter is important in giving confidence to users about the importance of innovation
produced. Therefore, every cost has been well researched especially from the aspect of
quality and durability by maintaining a viable price. The manufacturing cost is also
important which is part of the factors that affect the achievement of the objective of the
project to be implemented.

31
 REFERENCES

(1) Satyasrikanth P, Mahaveer Penna and Dileep Reddy Bolla. (2016). International
Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing. Automatic Toll Collection
System using RFID.Vol.5 Issue.8: 247-253.

(2) Muhammad Thariq Abdul Razak and Chuah Chai Wen. (2017). International
Journal on Informatics Visualization. Staff Attendance System Using RFID. Vol
1 No 4-2: 250255.

(3) Muhammad Aqib. (2018). RFID and Keypad Based Door Lock Using Arduino.
Achieved on October 27, 2018, from
https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/search?q=rfid.(a)(b)

(4) RFID Hostel Management System by Ahmad Alabqari

https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/periodicals/index.php/mari/article/view/393/187

(5) Entrepreneurial of self projects

https://www.nadieleczone.com/tutorial-arduino/arduino-bagaimana-untuk-
menggunakanmodul-rfid-aktif/

(6) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/electromagnetic-compatibility-
emc/radio-frequency-identification-
rfid#:~:text=Radio%20Frequency%20Identification%20(RFID)%20refers,back
%20from%20the%20RFID%20tag.

(7) Entrepreneurial of self project

https://www.nadieleczone.com/tutorial-arduino/arduino-bagaimana-untuk-
menggunakanmodul-rfid-aktif/

(8) Arduino Uno Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino_Uno

32
(9) RF Transceivers Information

https://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/telecommunications_networking/rf_mic
rowave_wireless_components/rf_transceivers#:~:text=RF%20transceivers%20ar
e%20electronic%20devices,video%2C%20voice%20and%20data%20applicatio
ns.

(10) Arduino LCD Display

https://www.javatpoint.com/arduino-lcd-
display#:~:text=The%20LCD%20(Liquid%20Crystal%20Display,be%20display
ed%20on%20the%20LCD.

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