Tutorial 6

Thick Wall Cylinder

1. A pipe has internal and external radii of 75 mm and 125 mm respectively. If the
water pressure is 140 bar, calculate the intensity of the radial stress, hoop stress
and radii of 7.5 cm, 9 cm, 12 cm and 12.5 cm. Show the variations graphically
2. A thick cylinder of internal diameter 160 mm is subjected to an internal pressure
of 40 MPa. If the allowable stress in the material is 120 MPa, find the thickness
required.
3. A thick pipe of 300 mm outer diameter and 200 mm internal diameter is subjected
to an internal pressure of 12 MPa. What minimum external pressure can be applied
so that the tensile stress in the metal shall not exceed 16 MPa.
4. A cylinder closed at ends is subjected to an internal pressure of P bar in addition
to an axial tensile load of 500 kN. If the cylinder has an internal diameter of 15 cm
and wall thickness of 2.5 cm, find the value of P in order that the maximum stress
in the cylinder wall exceeds 63 MPa.
5. A pipe of 150 mm internal diameter and 200 mm outside diameter fails under hoop
tension for an internal pressure of 500 bar. Determine for the factor of safety of
4, the safe value of internal pressure for a second pipe of the same material and
internal diameter but 40 mm thick walls.
6. A long straight circular tube has its internal diameter half of its external diameter.
After plugging the ends, a pressure ‘P’ is applied. If E is the modulus of elasticity
and v is the Poisson’s ratio, find an expression for the percentage increase in the
contained volume in terms of the given symbols. Also find the expression for
principal stresses and strains at inside, middle and outside radii.
7. A thick hollow cylinder of 150 mm outside radius and 100 mm inside radius is
subjected to an external pressure of 30 MPa and internal pressure of 60 MPa.
Calculate the maximum shear stress in the material at the inner radius.
8. The cylinder of hydraulic ram has an internal diameter of 6 cm, compare the
thickness necessary to withstand an internal pressure of 40 MPa, if maximum
tensile stress is limited to 60 MPa and maximum shear stress to 50 MPa.
9. An external pressure of 10 MPa is applied to a thick cylinder of internal diameter
150 mm and external diameter 300 mm. If maximum hoop stress permitted on the
inside of the wall is 35 MPa, calculate the maximum internal pressure that can be
applied. If the cylinder has closed ends, calculate change in the outside diameter.
Take E = 210 GPa, and Poisson’s ratio v = 0.3.
10. A steel pipe of 203 mm inside diameter is not to be stressed beyond 123.5 MPa
under and internal pressure of 310 bar. Find the suitable external diameter and
magnitude of strain at the outer surface. Take E = 207 GPa and Poisson’s ratio v =
0.20.
Answer
1. -141.25 MPa, 298.75 MPa, -73.25 MPa, 230.75 MPa, 32.85 MPa, 190.35 MPa, -6.8 MPa,
164.15 MPa, 0, 157.5 MPa.
2. 33.137 mm
3. 4.222 MPa
4. 176.4 bar
5. 18 MPa
6. Inside –P, 5P/3, P/3, Middle -7P/27, 25P/27, P/3, Outside 0, 2P/3, P/3, inside –P/3E
(1+2v), P/3E (5+2v), P/3E (1-2v), middle -P/27E (7+34v), P/27E (25-2v), P/3E (1-2v),
outside - v P/E, P/3E (2- v), P/3E(1-2 v). percentage increase in volume: 100P/3E (11+2
v)
7. 54 MPa
8. 37.082 mm
9. 37 MPa, 0.016143 mm
10. 0.262 mm, 0.039%, 0.0099%