Emmanuel D.

Dayalo
Instructor III, College of Education
Capiz State University-Main Campus,
Roxas City, Capiz
How do these stories have in common?
How do these stories have in common?
How do these stories have in common?
How do these stories have in common?
How do these stories have in common?
Their moral lessons are about…
Why ci4ng is important

It's important to cite sources you used in

your research for several reasons:

— To show your reader you've done

proper research by listing sources you
used to get your information.
— To be a responsible scholar by giving
credit to other researchers and
acknowledging their ideas.
Why ci4ng is important

It's important to cite sources you used in

your research for several reasons:

— To avoid plagiarism by quoting words

and ideas used by other authors.
— To allow your reader to track down the
sources you used by citing them
accurately in your paper by way of
footnotes, a bibliography or reference
list.
Citing a source means that you show,
within the body of your text, that you took
words, ideas, figures, images, etc., from
another place.
 Citations are a short way to uniquely
identify a published work (e.g. book,
article, chapter, web site).
— They are found in bibliographies and
reference lists and are also collected in
article and book databases.
Insights about…
Some thoughts on plagiarism….
You commit plagiarism when you…

1. Copy verbatimly other people’s work without

attributions to the original source.
2. Copy verbatimly other people’s work but you cited
other people as the source of that information.
3. Rewrite other people’s work without attributions to
the original source.
4. Discuss other people’s ideas and trying to make it
look like its yours.
Self-plagiarism
— Self-plagiarism. Just as researchers
do not present the work of others as
their own (plagiarism), they do not
present their own previously
published work as new scholarship
(self-plagiarism).

— There are, however, limited

circumstances (e.g., describing the
details of an instrument or an analytic
approach) under which authors may
wish to duplicate without attribution
(citation) their previously used words,
feeling that extensive self referencing
is undesirable or awkward.
Mother ideas and generic/obvious
statements may not need cita>on
Example statements:
1. Most students today own a gadget.
2. Mothers are responsible for their children’s
rearing.
3. English is the second language of the
Philippines.
4. Students have to go to school in order to
develop themselves.
— Citations consist of standard elements, and
contain all the information necessary to
identify and track down publications,
including:

— author name(s)
— date of publication
— titles of books, articles, and journals
— Place of publication and publisher’s name
— page numbers
— volume and issue numbers (for articles)
 Most Common Cita>on/
Referencing Formats
— American Psychological Association
(APA) – Used for social science
researches
— Modern Language Association (MLA)
– Used for literary researches
— Chicago / Turabian – Uses footnoting
In most
universities and
colleges in the
Philippines, APA
is used in
research citation
and referencing.
How to do in-text cita>on?
Discuss someone
else’s idea then cite
the author’s name
and the year his work
was published. You
may cite before or
after the statement
 Example 1
The elements of job satisfaction are
related to pay, promotion, benefits,
work nature, supervision, and
relationship with colleagues
(Mosadeghard, 2003). Employees’
satisfaction is considered as all-around
module of an organization’s human
resource strategies.
 Example 2

According to Simatwa (2011) Job

satisfaction means a function which is
positively related to the degree to which
one’s personal needs are fulfilled in the
job situation.
“Or lift the actual statement
of the source, enclosed it in
quotation mark.”
 Example
Early Spanish chroniclers like Morga and Loarca even
recorded and described this native industry and the
Filipino’s fondness for drinking. Morga (1609) vividly
described:
“Their drink is a wine made from the tops of coco
and nipa palm of which there is a great abundance.
They are grown and tended like vineyards, although
without so much toil and labor. Drawing the tuba
they distilled it, using for alembics using their
own little furnace and utensils, to a greater less
strength and it becomes a brandy. This is drunk
throughout the islands.”
 REFERENCING
— A reference is a list of all the sources
you have cited in your study. Thus,
all the authors you have cited in
your study should be listed
in your reference list.
— It should be arranged in alphabetical order.
 Books, Reference Books,
and Book Chapters
For an entire book, use the following reference formats:

— Author, A A (1967). Title of work. Location: Publisher.

— Author, A A (1997). Title of work. Retrieved from
http://www.xxxxxxx
— Author, A A (2006). Title of work. doi:xxxxx
— Editor, A A (Ed.). (1986). Title of work. Location:
Publisher.
 For Books (Single author)
Author
Date published Title

Rubin, G. (2009). The Happiness

Project. New York: Harper Collins,
52-54.
Publisher
Pages cited/referred Place of
to in the study Publication
 Exercise

In 1998, Lilia Hernandez Chung wrote

the book Facts in Fiction: A Study of
Peninsular Prose Fiction 1859-1897
which was published by De la Salle
University Press in Manila.
Chung, L.H. (1998). Facts in Fiction:
A Study of Peninsular Prose
Fiction 1859-1897. Manila: De la
Salle University Press.
 For books (two authors)

Authors Date published Title

Miller, S.A. and Harley, J.P. (2013). Zoology,

10th edition. New York NY: McGraw
Hill, 17.
Place of Publisher
Page(s) cited/referred
Publication
to in the study
 Exercise
Husband and wife tandem Renato Constantino
and Letizia Roxas Constantino were the
authors of The Philippines: A Continuing Past,
the sequel to Constantino’s history textbook
“A Past Revisited.” The book was published in
Quezon City by the Foundation for Nationalist
Studies.
Constantino, L. R. and Constantino,
R. (1978).The Philippines: A
Continuing Past. Quezon City:
Foundation for Nationalist
Studies.
 For Academic ar>cles from peer
reviewed journals

Author Date published Title of article

Langer, R. (1990). New methods of drug

delivery. Science, 249(4976), 1527-1533.

Volume and Page(s) cited/

Title of Issue No.
Publication Referred to in the
study
 Exercise
R. Diaz-Lefebvre’s 2007 study, “Multiple
intelligences, learning for understanding, and
creative assessment: Some pieces to the puzzle
of learning” was published at the issue no. 1 of
volume 106 of the journal Teachers College
Record. The study can be read on pages 49-57.
Diaz-Lefebvre, R. (2007). Multiple intelligences,
learning for understanding, and creative
assessment: Some pieces to the puzzle of
learning. Teachers College Record, 106 (1),
49-57.
 Thesis
Author Date
Title
accomplished

Dayalo, E . (2014). Folk Literature of Capiz: A

Literary Analysis (Unpublished Master’s
Thesis). Capiz State University-Pontevedra
Campus, Pontevedra, Capiz.62-65. .
Address of Page(s) cited/referred
Institution
institution to in the study
 Exercises
One study cited the work of W.M.U. Binondo.
Her work is a master’s thesis she submitted as
compliance for her master’s degree at Capiz
State University, Roxas City, in 2017. Her study
was titled Graphic Organizers and Pupil's
Criticial Thinking Skills: Basis to Enhanced
Instructional Planning. The researcher cited
her work on pages 25-30
Binondo, W.M.U. (2017). Graphic
Organizers and Pupil's Criticial
Thinking Skills: Basis to Enhanced
Instructional Planning (Unpublished
Master's Thesis). Roxas City,
Philippines: Capiz State University,
pp 25-30.
 For website
Author
Date published Title of article

Handy, B. (2017, August 12). How to Talk to Kids about

Death, According to Picture Books. Retrieved from:
www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/how-to-
talk-to-kids-about-death-according-to-picture-books
on August 18, 2017.
URL of website where
Date retrieved/
information was accessed
accessed
 Exercise
You were writing a study about graphic
organizers, so you consulted the work of E. Elis
published in 2006 on
www.Graphicorganizers.com. The title of the
article accessed on March 3, 2017 is “What's
the big deal about graphic organizers?”
Ellis, E. (2006). What's the big deal
about graphic organizers?
Retrieved March 3, 2017, from
www.GraphicOrganizers.com
Periodicals
— Periodicals include items published on a regular basis
such as journals, magazines, newspapers, and
newsletters.

Journal article with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A (2005). Volunteer
support, marital status, and the survival times of
terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229.
doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225
 Finale Words
Citing other people’s work is not an indication
of poor scholarship. Rather, it is a hallmark of
your research endeavour. You seek other
people’s idea to affirm your idea or to realize
that your idea may need refinement to make it
a worthy contribution to the knowledge
society (Acevedo, 2017).
— Intellectual property
should be protected. It
takes a lot of effort and
brain functions to make a
certain masterpiece
mastered. Be authentic!
(Dayalo, 2017).
 References
— APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved from:
owl.english.purdue.edu, August 12, 2017.
— American Psychological Association. (1994).
Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
— American Psychological Association. (2002). Ethical
principles of psychologists andcode of conduct.
American Psychologist, 57, 1060-1073. doi:
10.103710003-066X.57.12.1060
— Citation and Referencing. Retrieved from:
libguides.mit.edu, August 12, 2017.