86 ssive - Have The Forbidden City is situated in the centre of Bejing, was built as the Imperial Palace for the ‘emperors of China. It was named the Forbidden City because no common or foreign person was allowed {0 90 inside without special permission. Something Done We form the passive with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb. ‘Active Present Simple Present Continuous He delivers the parcels, Past Simple He delivered tne parcels, Past Continuous He was delivering the parcels. Future Simple He will deliver the parcels. Present Perfect, He has delivered the parcels. Past Perfect He had delivered ine parcels. Future Perfect He will have delivered the parcels. Present Infinitive He must Perfect Infinitive He must have delve Simple -ing form object to is delives Perfect -ing form Having delivered the parcels, Modals + be + pp. @ The present perfect continuous, the future continuous, the past perfect continuous and the future perfect continuous are not normally used in the passive. USS We use the passive: ‘@) when the person who carries out the action is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context. e.g. a) My flat was broken into last week. (We do not know who broke into the flat) ) Coffee beans are grown in Brazil. (It is not ‘important to know who grows the cottee.) ©) My car was serviced yesterday. (I is obvious that a mechanic serviced it) a He is delivering the parcels, He should deliver the parce’s. . ») ° ‘The parcels are delivered. ‘The parcels are being delivered. ‘The parcels were delivered The parcels were being delivered. The parcels wil be delivered. The parcels have been delivered. The parcels had been deliver The parcels will have been delivered. ‘The parcels must be delivered. ‘The parcels must have been delivered. {object tothe parcels being delivered. ‘The parcels having been delivered. ‘The parcels should be delivered. We can use the verb to get instead of the verb fo be in everyday speech when we talk about things that happen by accident or unexpectedly. e.g, Four people got hurt in the car crash Four people were hurt.) when the action itself is more important than the person who carries it out, as in news headlines, newspaper articles, formal notices, instructions, advertisements, processes, etc. e.g. a) The new hospital will be opened by the Queen (on May 18th. (formal notice) 1b) Then, the milk is taken to a factory where it is: pasteurised. (process) when we refer to an unpleasant event and we do not want to say who or what Is to blame. 2.9. A lot of mistakes have been made. (instead of You have mace a lot of mistakes")The Cheneing tichy 6aty hic, [2CSsiVe W\ To.change a sentence from the active into the passive: a) the object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence. ») the active verb remains in the same tense, but ‘changes into a passive form. <) the subject of the active sentence becomes the agent, and is either introduced with the preposition by or omitte ct | verb || object | ined |_subject_| verb _||_agent_| [passive | | —wasinvited by Tom. © Only transitive verbs (verbs followed by an object) can be changed into the passive. e.g. active: Grandia knitted my jumper. (ransitve verb) My jumper was knitted by Grandma, They travelled to Lisbon last summer (intransitive verb) Some transitive verbs such as have, fit, suit, resemble, etc. cannot be changed into the passive. eg. have a shower every morning. (NOT: A-showor ohadby met passive: ‘But: @ We use by + agent to say who or what carries out the action. We use with + instrument/material/ Ingredient to say what the agent used. eg. The pancakes were made by Claire. They were ‘made with eggs, flour and milk ‘© The agent is often omitted in the passive sentence when the subject ofthe active sentence is one of the {ollowing words: people, one, someone/somebody, they, he, ec. 2.9 active: Somebody has rearranged the funiture. passive: The furniture has been rearranged. But: The agent is not omitted when itis a specific Cor important person or when itis essential to the ‘meaning of the sentence. 29.) The ‘Mona Lisa’ was painted by Leonardo da Vici Anew law has been passed bythe government Passive - Have Something®2) @ Object pronouns (me, you, him, etc.) become ‘subject pronouns (I, you, he, etc.) in the passive. e.g. active: They arrested him passive: He was arrested. © With verbs which take two objects such as bring, tell, send, show, teach, promise, buy, throw, write, award, hand, sell, owe, grant, allow, feed, pass, post, read, take, offer, give, pay and lend we can make two different passive sentences. active: Patrick gave Laura some flowers. passive: a) Laura was given some flowers by Patrick. (more usual) ) Some flowers were given to Laura by Patrick, (less usual) © When the verb of the active sentence is followed by @ preposition, the preposition is kept in the passive sentence as well 9, active: They presented him with a medal Passive: He was presented with a medal @ When we want to find out who or what did something, then the passive question form is as follows: WhoiWhat ... by? e.g. Who was Australia discovered by? What was the fire caused by? © The verbs hear, help, see and make are followed by the bare infinitive in the active but by the to- infinitive in the passive. 2.9. active: They saw him leave the building. passive: He was seen to leave the building, ‘see, watch + -ing form (active and passive) They saw him running down the stars He was seen running down the stairs. Personal/ impersonal Coustivaicn = ‘The verbs think, believe, sa consider, understand, etc. ar passive patterns constructions. report, know, expect, Used in the following in personal and impersonal active: People believe that he lied in cour. passive: a) Itis believed (that) he lied in court. (impersonal construction) ) He is believed to have lied in cour. (personal construction) active: They expect him to arrive soon. passive: c) Its expected (that) he will arive soon, 0) He is expected to arrive soon. 87sive - Have Something Done ‘opens for the evening? Look at the prompts land make sentences using the present ‘simple passive, as in the exampl gy What happens in Luigi's restaurant before it 1. the carpetsivacuum 6 the foodiprepare The carpets are 7 the ovensineat vacuumed. 8 the flowers/arrangefin 2 the tablesiwipe vases 3. the cutlery/polish 9 the salt and pepper 4 the piacesiset potsfil 5 the menuicheck 10 the candlesiight Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive tense. 1 A: That's a lovely shirt. Is it new? B Yes. i ..wae bought... (buy) for me by my grandmother. 2 A: When do you have to have this report ready? B: Well, it (mustinand in) by Tuesday. 3 A: Did you read the newspaper this morning? B: No. It (notidetiver) by the time | left for work 4A Where is your car? B: Atthe garage. It (repair 5 A: Do you know your exam results yet? B: No. They (not/announce) yet. 6 A: Are you going to make dinner tonight? B: No. It (make) by Simon. He promised to do it 7A: Have you finished your homework yet? B: No, but it (finish) by eight o'clock, 8 A. Who waters your plants for you when you're away? B: They (water) by my neighbour Rewrite the newspaper headline: complete sentence BY CUSTOMS: TO BE OPENED BY MAYOR TOMORROW 2 MONEY BEING RAISED FOR CHILD'S OPERATION 5 ESCAPED PRISONER INAMERICA STILL ROT CAUGHT ioe ABOUT | 6 PANILY RESCUED aI NESTEDNY ROW BURNIN ogee Last 10H A five-day otrike le to be held by custome offcere. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive tense. The Academy Awards Presentation 1) ..was first organised. (ies¥organse)in 1929 nd since then, 2) (hold) every year. The presentation 3) (attend) by those a the top of the fim industry ang 4) (watch) on TV by millions of viewers who want to see who (present) with the golden statue which (desire) by everyone in the moton picture ‘The voting for the Academy Awards 7) (conduct) secretly and the results 8) (ro reveal) 10 anyone unt the envelope 8) {open} on stage infront of the audience. Awards 10) (give or the best individual or collective work (separate) into ditlerent categones, (make) in each ‘and 11) Up to five nominations 12) category. The awards, which 13) (know) as Oscars. 14) (consider) to be the highest honour anyone inthe fim industry can 18) (ave. Rewrite the sentences in the passive, where possible. 1. Her mother drives her to'school every day She i driven to echool by her mother every day. 2. Paul drives to work every day It cannot be changed. 3. I woke up late on Sunday morning, 4 Her mother woke her up at seven o'clock. 5 Sue asked the waiter to bring some water. 6 David asked for some help, 7 Simon is moving house next month 8 Michael! moved the boxes oul of the way. 9 Sandra walks on the beach regularly 10 The boys walk the dog every day.The Passive - Have Something ©) rnin or min 1 3 10 " 2 13 4 16 7 20 She was woken up ..ly.. aloud noise. The parcel was tied up string John was told off his mother This picture was painted ‘a famous artist ‘The chair was covered The walls ware decorated posters My car was repaired my father. This dessert was made fresh cream. Do they sell clothes in this shop? Are clothes sold in this shop? Someone is cleaning the windows, She tapped him on the hand with her pen. | dont like people laughing at me. People spend a lot of money on food. Is Sue washing the car? Who made this mess? Grandfather is going to tell the children a story ‘They will open the new sports centre soon, They made him confess to the robbery. Lz showed me some holiday pictures. ‘Sam remembers his friend telling him about the party, They heard him calling for help. Who broke this mug? ‘The jury will have reached a verdict by the morning, The teacher will mark the essays. People make jam from fruit, ‘They sent for the doctor. Clive hasn't cut the grass yet. They may not repair the car this week ‘woollen blanket (By compte he sentence, a nthe example 2 10 " 2 4 Itis said that this orchestra is the best in the world This orchestra ...8 said to be the best in the world, Itis believed that the thieves have lett the country The thieves, The tire is reported to have started by accident t He is known to be making alot of money, " Its expected that they wall arrive in time for dinner. They ‘She is said to know alot about gardening tt Itis thought that he will be attending the meeting He. Itis believed that we are able to win the competition We. The company is thought to be making a big profi t tis reported thatthe government has reached a decision. The government Itis said that they were responsible for the damage. They ‘She is expected to break the world record, It He is known to have several foreign bank accounts It They are reported to have financial problems, tt (Gp vnderine ne comect answer. 8990 sive - Have Something Done Rewrite the following passages in the passive. ‘10 A. Yesterday afternoon, the school held a sports day John's teacher entered him for the 100m race because people thought John was the fastest runner in the ‘school. John’s teacher blew the whistle and the race started, Loud cheers filed the air as John’s trends cheered him on, John overtook all the other runners and. as people had expected. John won the race. The headmaster gave him a trophy as a prize. B Do you think that people will ever use electric cars? ‘Someone has already invented the electric car, but at the ‘moment they are too expensive for mast people to buy. ‘Aigo, you have to recharge their batteries frequently However. it people drove electric cars instead of the cars We use today, the air we breathe would be cleaner, as they would not pump exhaust fumes into the atmosphere. © Last week, the Prime Minister visited Dawston, The Mayor of the town greeted him when he arrived and ‘gave him a tour. He introduced the Prime Minister 10 ‘some important businessmen and took him to lunch in, a local restaurant. In the afternoon, the Mayor held a meeting and the Prime Minister addressed the citizens fof Dawston. He told them that he had enjoyed his visit very much. (AA) newnte tne sentences the acte 1. Her excuse may not be believed by her parents. Her parente may not belleve her excuse. 2. The painting has been valued by an expert. 3. He likes being gven presents. 4 The bill must be paid immesiately 5 Hot water's provided by the hotel 24 hours @ day 6 Our newspaper is delwered by a boy every mosning 7. Her wedding dress wil be made by a designer in Pans. 8 The meeting was attended by several mportant at cries 9 Preparations are being made by the event organises. 10 An interesting book has been published by the company Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive or active tense. Coffee 1) 16 sald. (ay) to ‘originate from Kata in Etionia and most species of cofiee plant 2) {tind} in the tropics ofthe Eastern Hemisphere. The ‘species which 3) (think) tobe the eatiestcoflee (evericutvate) by mans (grow) mostly plant 4) Coffea arabica. Today 5) in Latin America. ‘The coflee shrub 6) ‘8410 metres and 7) (have) white scented flowers, It 8) (produce) a red fit which 9) {calla cherry. The cherry 10) {contain two seeds which 11) (on) together. These seeds, which 12) {also/know) as beans, 13) and then they 14) ‘The grounds 15) vatetyofiferent ways. Sometimes they 16) (fter) and sometimes they 17) (soak) in ater to make the drink which is popular wth so many people. ofl is avaiable as grounds or as instant coffee powder and 18) (rink) by one third of the word's Population (reach) aheight of (frstroast) (grind) to make cotee. (theniprocess) naThe Passive - Have Something®® Ravessomeihing one = We use have + object + past partcpleto say that we have arranged for someone to do something for us. 249, We had new cupboards made by the carpenter. (We cicnt make them ourseWes. The carpenter made them forus) ‘@ Questions and negations of the verb have are formed with do(does orci. I 29 Did you have your car serviced? © We can also use have something done to say that something unpleasant happened to somebody. 2, Paul had his bike stolen yesterday. (= Pauls bite was stolen) '@ We can use the verb get instead of the verb have ‘Son is having his temperature taken only in informal conversation. ts miner's faking hs temperate 9, You mist getnave your har cut this week present simple Ho paints the house He has the house painted. Present continuous He s panting the house. He is having the house painted past simple He painted the house He had the house painted past continuous He was painting the house. He was having the house painted future simple He ll paint ine rouse He mill have the house painted future continuous Hewill be painting he house. He willbe having the house painted. present perfect He has painted the house. He has had the house painted Present perfect cont. He has Been painting tne house. He has been having the house painted. past pertect He had painted the house. He had had the house painted. past perfect cont He had been painting he house. He had been having the house painted. infinitive He must pain he house He must have the house painted «ing torm I's worth painting tne house. I's worth having the house painted, 43)y wit coect sentence fr each etre, nthe exam 2 Melanie /take picture 3 Paul fil/ tooth 4 Helen | mop | floor Jack is painting the fence. 5 Jane/ paint ‘nails 6 Tim/ prune / tree a92 4 eg. | can have my garden tidied by them. sive - Have Something Done 6 Connie moved to a new town last week. She knows nothing about the town, so this morning ‘she has decided to have a look at the shops. Look at the pictures and the prompts below and say what Connie thinks when she sees the signs, as in the example. A = 8 CG arloate | no garden| Is too Big or Small iL Sieeeeern el) a © I-can / garden / tidy by © | can / my living room / them design here 8 a A 8 a 1 2 3 * Ian /new locks /make/ | will my clothes / mend for the house here here 4 5 Read the situations, then write sentences tusing have something done. 6 1 John's suit is diy, it has to be dry-cleaned. What should he do? He should have his sult dry-cleaned. 5 2. All Linda's clothes are made specially for her. What does she do? 5 3. They arranged for their house to be painted last week. 49 Now it has been done. What have they done? 1” 4 Malcolm's car was broken into last night. What hhappened to him? 2 5. Her bag was stolen yesterday. What happened to her? 13 18, ‘A printer has printed party invitations for Emma. What has Emma done? Diana is atthe hairdresser's. The hairdresser is cutting her hair. What is Diana doing? Robert is taking his car to the garage for a service tomorrow, What's he going to do? The'r root has @ hole init. What should they do? Tracey's bicycle has got a puncture. What should she do? Complete the following conversation using 3ve something done. 11) ..’m having an extension built build) on my house this week. Tha's nice. When it's finished, 2) (uidecorate)? No, I'm going to do that mysel. First. though. | 3) (double glazing tt) (carpets lay)? {an extension 4) Tm not sure yet. How about you? 5) (youlyour curtains/delver) last week? Yes. They'e really nice. | also 6) (the carpetsiciean), So everything Jooks lovely now. Rewrite the sentences using have something done. His teeth are checked twice a vear He has his teeth checked twice a year. Her skirt is being cleaned at the moment. My hair is immed once a month, Central heating 1s going to be installed in our house ‘next month. Sam's burglar alarm was fied last week My car is being repaired at the moment ‘The band's new single has just been recorded (Our new furniture is going to be delivered tomorrow, ‘Their new house is being decorated at the moment ‘The windows wil be cleaned ‘Anew jumper has been knitted for me, ‘The lock has to be fixed ‘A new pair of glasses is going to be made for him,1 2 10 2 8 4 6 16 7 8 9 a1 23 28 25 The Rewrite the sentences using have something done. Their windows need to be cleaned. They need to have their windows cleaned. The hairdresser was styling Mrs Brown's hair. ‘She told her son to carry the shopping to the house. ad is going to arrange for someone to cut the grass. ‘They used to employ a cleaner who cleaned the house, Did the mechanic repair Paul's motorbike? ‘The bass asked his assistant to type the letter. ‘A plumber fixed the dripping tap for Joe. Have you told the secretary to make some photo: ‘copies? ‘The chet was cooking Tom's lunch Did you tell the shop to deliver the sofa to you? My purse was stolen last Friday. Did you employ a painter to decorate your house? The builders are putting a new root on Adam's house at the moment. ‘She asked the maid to polish the silver. ‘The man had asked the porter to take his luggage 10 his room, Did you ask Jenny to arrange the flowers for you? When will your glasses be made? U hired a professional to cater for my party Dia you ask anyone to sweep the chimney? She asked him to do the shopping ‘Their house was burgled last ight He employed a carpenter to build the fence Jle's housekeeper irons all her clothes His shop's windows were smashed in the riot Passive - Have Something® Ore Study these examples. The second sentence| has a similar meaning to the first sentence. 1 Itis known that the explosion caused major damage to the buildings. have The explosion is known to have caused major damage to the buildings. 2. The Lumisre brothers invented the first film-making ‘equipment ‘was The first fim-making equipment was invented by the Lumiére brothers, 3. Bob doesn't like people asking him questions about| his job. being Bob doesn't like being asked questions about his job. 4 They hired a famous architect to design their house had They had their house designed by a famous architect 5 Someone stole his bike while he was in the bank had He had his bike stolen while he was in the| bank {6 They will punish you lf you go on causing trouble. get You will get punished if you go on causing trouble, Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word in bold. 1. The boss will shout at you if you're late again. get You ..will get shouted at... you're late again 2 People say that a problem shared is a problem halved. be ‘A problem shared ‘a problem halved. 3. John repaired the fence alter the storm. was The fence John after the storm. ‘Ann likes people listening to her when she is talking being Ann when she is taking 5 Mum wil tell you off if you dont stop fighting will You it you don't stop fighting. 6 Daniel hasnt locked the doors yet. been The doors. yet. 7. Are the local artsts organising a new exhibtion this year? organised Is anew exhibition the local aris this year? '8 They expect the police to be present at the demon: stration expected The police al the demonstration. 9 Janet needs someone to teach her how to drive be Janet needs how to drve 10 Someone should tell Pauline about the new arrangements. be Pauline about the new arrangements, %94 " 2 3 4 10 " 2 1% 14 8 16 v7 18 19 20 Colin is mending the broken table by The broken table Coin ‘Someone told us about the party. were We the pany. ‘She will get a famous designer to design her wedding ress. have She will by a famous designer. ‘Two of his teeth were broken in a fight had He ina tight They will give Lily a pay rise this month, be uly fa pay rise this month broken Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word in brackets. Itis hard to tel the . difference. as they are identical. (differ) received a large ‘morning. (pack) between the twins, in the post this value my highly, and so | enjoy living alone. (independent) There was a very high at yesterday's meeting, (attend) The was a great success and the audience enjoyed themselves. (perform) We spent a very in the country. (please) ‘She gives the of being shy, but Infact she is quite self-assured. (impress) My father is very fit and leads a lifestyle. (health) Ihave received no since he moved away. (correspond) She was Of the fact that air Pollution can cause so many health problems. ignore) The teacher made toa book we had been studying, (refer) The noise from outside spoilt his of the performance. (enjoy) His was noticed by the manager. (absent) We apologise for any will cause. (inconvenient) Great 's placed on exam results in this school. (important) The police discovered vital led to the arrest of the thief. (evident) weekend from David this delay which His was proved in court and he was set free. (innocent) The of the headmaster made the children nervous. (present) Scenes of ‘on television can have a negative effect on children. (violent) The invention of personal computers was one of the greatest ‘of this century. (achieve) ssive - Have Something Done (@ommonsmista ‘© The photocopier has serviced recently. x The photocopier has been serviced recently. 7 ‘* Afamous TV star is resembled by Steve. x Steve resembles a famous TV star. ¥ ‘This omelette was made by eggs and cheese. x This omelette was made with eggs and cheese. ¥ * Who was this ponait painted? x Who was this portrait painted by? ‘© The wornan was heard scream. x ‘The woran was heard to scream. 7 ‘+ He is said he has stolen some money. x He is said to have stolen some money. ¥ ‘+ How often have you your house painted? x How often do you have your house panied? ¥ (2A)y correct tne mistakes. He is said he has been promoted, This pie was made by shortcrust pastry. Who was this cake made? Have you your car serviced often? Green clothes are suited by Katie. The man was seen hit the police officer The house has decorated recently. (22), rors ou tne unecensay wort 1 Valerie was being sent on an important mission last month, 2. She doesn't mind to having her house photographed for interior decoration magazines. 3. The famous star is believed to have been signed a new ‘mult:milion dollar contract. 4 This car it is expected to be very popular with the younger generation 5 She was seen to entering the Plaza Hotel late last sight 6 The painting was disappeared from the owner's house yesterday, 7. Did you have had the food provided by a caterer? 8 The Prime Minister is said that to be thinking of introducing a new tax. 9 You should to have an extension built as soon as possible 40. She insists on having been her breakast brought to her room at nine o'clock sharp.