ANG

LA TIERRA

DAIGDIG
GRADE 8 - ARALIN 1
 LAYUNIN:

01 Naipapaliwanag ang iba’t ibang teorya kung paano nabuo ang

daigdig;

02 Nasusuri ang pagkakaiba ng Teoryang Panrelihiyon at

Teoryang Pang-agham;

03 Natutukoy ang kahalagahan ang mga katangiang pisikal ng

daigdig at;

04 Naipapaliwanag ang mga katangian ng bawat yugto sa

pagunlad ng tao
Teoryang
Panrelihiyon
nagmula sa Mesopotamia
Teoryang
PangAgham
 Sinang ayunan ng isang
TEORYA astronomer na si

PIERRE-SIMON
mula sa nebular o
malaking kimpal ng MARQUIS DE
TEORYANG malamig na gas LAPLACE
NEBULAR
nabuo ang maliliit
na bahagi na syang
naging planeta
TEORYA

hinigop ng araw ang

Binuo nyaang Teorya na
mga bagay na nasa kanyang nilathala sa The
TEORYANG loob ng isang Two Solar Families
PLANETISIMAL dumaraang bitwin
THOMAS C.
nagdikitdikit ito na CHAMBERLINE
syang naging
planeta
TEORYA
muntik ng sumalpok
ang araw sa isang Binuo nila ang teoryang
bitwin catastrophic o Tidal
TEORYANG
CATASTROPHIC
nahatak ng araw Harold Jeffreys
O TIDAL
angbahagi nito na
at James Jeans
syang naging
planeta at satellite
TEORYA Binuo ni

sumabog ang isang

George
TEORYANG bolang apoy Lemaitre
BIGBANG
nagkadurog durog
ito at naging planeta
TEORYA Binuo ni

ANDREW
PRENTICE
TEORYANG Pagsabog ng kimpal
SUPERSONIC na gas
TURBULENCE
 Proponent
TEORYA Nabuo ng Teorya

TEORYANG
NEBULAR

TEORYANG
PLATENISIMAL

TEORYANG
CATASTROPHICAL O
TIDAL
 Proponent
TEORYA Nabuo ng Teorya

TEORYANG
BIG BANG

TEORYANG
TURBULENCE
 Ang SP H
XO E R E
E SO
Komposisyon ng
MO SP H
ER P ER
Daigdig H
T ES OS H ERE E
M ATOSPHE
TR SP RE
S OP O HER
R

E
T
Tatlong Bahagi ng Daigdig
1. Atmosphere
2. Litosphere
3. Hydrosphere

ATMOSPHERE
It consists mainly of nitrogen and oxygen,
along with small amounts of other gases
(argon, carbon dioxcide, helium and
hydrogen).
The atmosphere provides vital protection,
regulates temperature, and supports
weather and climate systems.
 ARGON & OTHERS
3.8%
MOSPHER
AT E
OXYGEN
20.4%

NITROGEN
75.8%
LAYERS OF EARTH'S
ATMOSPHERE
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
 TROPOSPHERE
The troposphere is the lowest layer of
Earth's atmosphere, extending from
the Earth's surface up to an average
altitude of about 12 kilometers

It is the layer where weather occurs,

and it is where we live and breathe.

Hot air balloons and airplanes fly within

the troposphere because it provides the
necessary conditions for safe and
efficient air travel.
 er
STRATOSPHERE

ay
eL
Ozon
The stratosphere is the layer of
Earth's atmosphere located above the

er
troposphere. It extends roughly from

ay
an altitude of about 12 kilometers to 50

L
kilometers above the Earth's surface.

ne
The stratosphere is also home to the

zo
ozone layer, which shields the Earth

O
from harmful UV radiation.

yer
Radiosondes can collect data and travel

a L
up to the lower part of the

ne
stratosphere.

zo
O
According to National Oceanic
and Atmospheric
Administration (2023),
radiosonde is a small
instrument package that is
suspended below balloon filled
with either hydrogen or helium.
As the radiosonde is carried
aloft, it measures pressure,
temperature, and relative
humidity.
 MESOSPHERE
The mesosphere is the third layer of
Earth's atmosphere. It extends
approximately from an altitude of about
50 kilometers to 85 kilometers above
the Earth's surface.

The mesosphere is characterized by

thin air and low atmospheric pressure.
It is also the layer where meteors burn
up upon entry into the Earth's
atmosphere, creating the visual
phenomenon known as shooting stars.
 THERMOSPHERE
The thermosphere is the fourth layer
of Earth's atmosphere. It begins
approximately at an altitude of 85
kilometers and has no clearly defined
upper boundary. The thermosphere is
primarily composed of individual gas
molecules, such as oxygen and nitrogen,
rather than molecular combinations.

The thermosphere is also where the

auroras, such as the Northern Lights
and Southern Lights, occur.
 EXOSPHERE
The exosphere is the outermost layer
of Earth's atmosphere, located above
the thermosphere. It is the uppermost
region of the atmosphere and gradually
transitions into the vacuum of space.

The exosphere is where satellites and

other human-made objects in Earth's
orbit are found. Satellites are
strategically placed in orbit within the
exosphere to perform their various
functions.
The Layers of the Earth
The earth is divided into three main layers namely the crust, the mantle
and the core. Understanding the different layers of the Earth helps us learn
about what the Earth is made of, how it is structured, and how it behaves.

Crust Mantle Core

 Earth's Core
The core is the innermost layer of the Earth, situated beneath
the mantle. It is divided into two distinct regions: the outer core
and the inner core.

Outer Core Inner Core

The outer core is a liquid layer The inner core is the solid,
composed mainly of molten central part of the earth. It
iron and nickel. It has a has a radius of about 1,220
thickness of about 2,300 kilometers and is composed
kilometers. of solid iron and nickel.
 Earth's Mantle
The mantle is the layer beneath the Earth's crust. It is the thickest layer,
extending from the base of the crust to a depth of approximately 2,900
kilometers. The mantle can be divided into an upper and lower layer.

Upper Mantle Lower Mantle

The upper mantle is relatively The solid lower mantle

rigid and contains the contributes to the overall
asthenosphere, a semi-fluid convection and heat
layer that allows the transfer within the Earth's
movement of tectonic plates. interior.
 Earth's Crust
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is the thinnest layer,
ranging from about 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness. The crust can be
further divided into two types: continental crust and oceanic crust.

Continental Crust Oceanic Crust

The continental crust is the The oceanic crust is the

thicker layer of the Earth's thinner layer of the Earth's
crust that is found under the crust that is found under the
continents. It is about 35 ocean basins. It is about 7
kilometers thick on average. kilometers thick on average.
The hydrosphere is the sum of
Earth’s water, in the ocean,
the ground, on the surface,
and in the air. Approximately
71 percent of Earth’s surface is
covered in water. Of all of that
water, only about three
percent is freshwater. An even
smaller amount can be used as
drinking water.
Tatlong Tanyag na Teorya Hinggil sa
PAggalaw ng mga Kontinente

1. PLATE TECTONICS
2. CONTINENTAL
DRIFT THEORY
3. EXPANDING
EARTH
HYPHOTHESIS
 PLATE
TECTONICS
LA TIERRA

ANG GALAW NG MGA KONTINENTE

 PLATE TECTONIC
ang plates ay gumagalaw ng
isang pulgada taon taon
Noong dekada 70, tinanggap
ng mga eksperto ang Plate
Tectonics Theory.
CONTINENTAL
DRIFT THEORY
LA TIERRA

ANG GALAW NG MGA KONTINENTE

CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
Ayon kay Alfred Wegener,
isang German meteorologist,
dati nang magkakaugnay
ang mga kontinente sa isang
super kontinente na
tinatawag na PANGEA
CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
Ayon kay Alfred Wegener, ang
baybayin ng Western Africa at South
America ay mistulang jigsaw puzzle.
Sinuportahan ito ng mga fossils
mesosaurus - isang uri sinaunang
reptile na extinct na
 CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
240 milyong taon 200 milyong taon 65 milyong taon Kasalukuyan

Mayroon lamang nagsimulang

Unti-unti ang
isang super maghiwalay ang Nagpatuloy ang
paggalaw ng
continent na kalupaan ng paghihiwalay ng
Pangae hanggang mga kontinente.
tinatawag na mga kalupaan..
sa mahati sa Tinatayang 2.5
Pangae na Mapapansin na
dalawa Laurasia na sentimetro
pinaliligiran ng ang India ay
sa Northern ang galaw ng
karagtang Hemisphere at unti-unti nang
North America
tinawag na Gondwana naman dumidikit sa
at Europe bawat
Panthalasa sa Southern Asya.
taon
Ocean Hemisphere
 EXPANDING
EARTH LA TIERRA

HYPOTHESIS
ANG GALAW NG MGA KONTINENTE
EXPANDING EARTH HYPOTHESIS
nabuo ni S. Warren Carrey
ang ating planeta ay
lumalaki na syang dahilan
kung bakit nababanat ang
ibabaw ng daigdig
EXPANDING EARTH HYPOTHESIS
Dati umanong magkakadikit ang mga kontinente
subalit dahil sa pagkabanat ng ibabaw nito, unti-
unting gumalaw ang g bawat bahagi ng mga lupa
palayo sa isa't t isa. Pinalubha umano ito ng mga
lindol at 3 pagputok ng mga bulkan sa karagatan na
nagbuga ng mainit na lava at nagbabagang bato
kaya't nagkahiwa-hiwalay na ang mga ito.
PAGSUSULIT!
1. Ito ang tinatawag na super
kontinente kung saan sinasabi
ni Alfred Wegener na
magkakaugnay noon ang mga
kontinente.
2. Ito ay teoryang nakabase sa
bibliya na naghahayag kung
paano nabuo ang daigdig.
3. Ito ay ang teorya hinggil sa
paggalaw ng mga kontinente na
tinanggap noong dekada 70 o
1970s.
4. Sa sonang (layers of
the atmosphere) ito
dumaraan ang eroplano.
5. Ito ang pinakatanyag na
teoryang sa pagkakabuo ng
daigdig kung saan ang sumabog
ang higanteng bolang apoy,
nagkadurog-durog at ang piraso
nito ang syang naging mga
planeta at bituin sa kalawakan.
 (6 - 7)
Magbigay ng mga patunay
ng Continental Drift Theory
 8 - 10
Bakit mahalagang pagaralan
ang pinagmulan ng Daigdig?
MAKIPAGPALIT
NG PAPEL SA
KATABI
SALAMAT SA
PAKIKINIG!