J.6 Oxford Discover 1st Term

Junior Six English department
"OXFORD
Pharos Language Scho
DISCOVER"
Name : ………………………………………….
Class : ……………………………………………
First term 1
"Why do we build bridges and tunnels?"
Unit 1
First term 2
''Vocabulary''
Unit one
The Earthworm and the spider
Words Pharos Language Scho
Definition Parts of SynonymsAntonyms
Speech
1- Isolated
Far away from other places, Adjective
buildings or people.
2- Hazardous
Dangerous, especially to Adjective
people's health or safety.
3- Wriggle
To move a part of your body
from side to side with small Verb
quick movements.
4- Skeptical Having doubts that a claim or

statement is true or that Adjective
something will happen.
5- Insist To say or demand that you
must have or do something or Verb
that someone else must do
something.
First term 3
6- Admire To respect or like someone

because they have done
something that you think is Verb
good, or to respect their
qualities or skills.
7- Labor Pharos Language Scho

To work hard, especially on
something that is difficult. Verb
8- Strand
A single piece of cotton, wool,
hair, etc. Noun
9- Discouraged Having lost hope, not feeling

confident about something. Adjective
10-Sapphire
A bright blue stone that is very

Noun
valuable.
11- Suspicious Feeling that someone has

done something wrong, Adjective
dishonest or illegal.
12- Exquisite Something is very beautiful,

lovely and pleasing Adjective
13- Depart
First term 4
To leave a place, usually at the

beginning of a trip. Verb

14- Herds
Large numbers of animals

Noun
that live and eat together.
15- Fade To disappear slowly from

sight, hearing, memory, etc. Verb
16- Unseen
That cannot be seen. Adjective
17- Base -A starting point from which

something develops or is Noun
made.
-A place used as a center from
which activities are done or
controlled.
18- Shone
Gave out or reflected light. Verb
19- Gratefully In a way that shows thanks to

someone. Adverb
Choose the correct answer from the brackets :

First term 5
1- The bus ( wriggled – departed – labored – exquisite ) on time.
2- You might describe a sapphire as ( exquisite – isolated – skeptical – labor ).
3- I ( admire – depart – insist – strand ) that you join us for dinner.

4- My friend felt ( admire – exquisite – discouraged – skeptical ) when he got a
bad grade on the test.
5- I ( labored – insisted – admired – discouraged ) on helping my grandmother

with her heavy suitcase.
6- The two men standing near the bank looked ( isolated – exquisite – suspicious
– discouraged ), so I called the police.
7- Dad looked ( isolated – exquisite – skeptical – hazardous ) when I told him I

could run a kilometer in two minutes.
8- Tania's meal was ( suspicious – labored – isolated – exquisite ) everything was

delicious!
9- The people of the village ( admired – labored – wriggled – insisted ) for years
to build a tunnel through the mountain.
10- If something is ( isolated – hazardous – strand – wriggle ) , it is away from

other things.
12- To ( depart – arrive – skeptical – admire ) means to leave.
13- Something that is ( hazardous – isolated – labor – sapphire ) is dangerous.
14- I ( dislike – admire – depart – insist ) people who do kind things.
15 – You might feel ( encouraged – discouraged – admire – relax ) when

something bad happens.
Complete each sentence with the correct word :

First term 6
( herds – fade – unseen – base – shone – gratefully )
1- At the …………………… of the mountain, there was small village.
2- If you wash that T-shirt a hundred times, the color will ……………………………

3- The old man smiled ……………………. at the girl who helped him across the road.
4- The inside of the tunnel had been …………………. For years until the construction
crew dug up the ground.
5- The sun ……………………… on the water in the river, making it sparkle.
6- The ……………………….. of deer ran across the ecoduct.
Write a sentence for each word in the brackets :

( skeptical – strand – suspicious – admire – hazardous – discouraged )
1-……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
''Grammar''
"Future continuous"
The usage :
talk We use the future continuous forms to -
.about actions in progress at a future time
First term 7
EX:
.At 12 o'clock tomorrow, we will be having lunch at school -
.Next Spring, I'm going to be walking through the mountain -
.By winter, the villagers will be finishing the tunnel -

The form of the sentence :
Subject + will + be + v.ing + …………….
Subject + am/is/are + going to + be + v.ing + ………………….

EX:
.I will be working later -
.They are going to be starting work soon -
The key words :

)Tomorrow –Next September, month, week, day –this afternoon –in the spring(
EX:
.This time next week, I will be travelling to Paris-
.Tomorrow at 10, you will be doing your exam -
The negative form:

Subject + will + not + be + v.ing + …………….
Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + be + v.ing + ………
EX:
.They won't be building a tunnel -
.They aren't going to be starting work soon -
The question form:

Will + subject + be + v.ing + ………….?
Am/Is/Are + subject + going to + be + v.ing + ………………..?
EX:
? Will you be bringing your friend to the party tomorrow-
? Are they going to be starting work soon -
First term Wh-question + will 8+ subject + be + v.ing + ……… ?

Wh-question + is/are + subject + going to + be + v.ing +…..?
EX:
? Why will you be writing these novel in a short period of time -
? Who is going to be managing this project -

Choose the correct answer :
1- This time next Saturday, I ( visit / will be visiting )my grandmother.
2- Are you ( going to be waiting / waiting ) for me when the plane arrives ?
3- We ( took / will be taking ) our test at four o'clock tomorrow.
4- Jessica ( was coming / will be coming ) to dinner next week.
5- Next month, the students ( are going to be celebrating / celebrated ) their

graduation.
Correct the forms of the verbs:

1-Now you have got the Bachelor degree in Arts.
A: What will you be doing in two years?
B: I (prepare) ________________ for high studies in term of Administration.
2- A: Are you free after work?
B: No, sorry. I (talk) _______________ for the parents about their children’s
behavior.
3-Can we meet on Thursday afternoon?
I am afraid not. I (visit) ______________ my granddad
4-A: What will Huda be doing at 5 o’clock?
B: She (write) _________________ a post card to her uncle in Sweden.
Rearrange the following sentences :

.they – any tunnels - to be building - aren't going -1
First term 9
………………………………………………………………………………………
..………………
.be drawing – they – next week? – a map – will – of the site -2

………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………
.the engineers – be digging – will – for three months -3
………………………………………………………………………………………
.…………………
.the bridge – trains – won't be crossing -4
………………………………………………………………………………………
.……………………
.cars and buses – the bridge – will be using -5
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
.aren't going to - people – across – be walking – the bridge -6
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
Rewrite each sentence to make it negative :

1- We'll be using the Mont Blanc tunnel on our trip.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2- You're going to be traveling in June.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3- Sam is going to be researching ecoducts.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
First term 10
4- I'll be learning about bridges.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5- She'll be visiting the park next week.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
"Prefixes bi- and tri-"

." The prefixes bi- means "two" and tri- means "three
EX:
.The Rushing River bisects the valley, dividing it in two -
.The man carried a tricolor flag of orange, red, and yellow -
Look up at these words in the dictionary and write ''bi'' or ''tri'' :
1-………cycle 5-……………sect 4-………….lingual
2- ……….ceps 6- ……………color 8-………………angular
3- …………noculars 7-……………..plets
First term 11
''Writing''
"Paragraph Breaks"
 A paragraph is a group of sentences about one idea. When you move on to a
new idea, end or break the paragraph you're on and start a new one. Remember
to indent your paragraphs. By organizing your writing in paragraphs, you tell
readers when you're moving on to a new idea and allow them to think about
what they've read.
1- White space:
 What is meant by spacing?
- It is the areas of a page left blank – in particular, the areas between words,
letters, lines of type, or paragraphs.
 What is a white space (negative space)?

- It is the parts of a page left free of text and illustrations.
 When is spacing (a white space) used?

1- One space follows a full stop, a question mark, or an exclamation mark.
EX:
- You look tired!Are you OK ? I'll take you home. (  )
 You look tired! Are you OK ? I'll take you home. (  )
2- One space follows a comma, colon or semicolon.

EX:
- I have three brothers : Karim ,Ali and Youssef. (  )
- I have three brothers: Karim,Ali and Youssef. (  )
 I have three brothers: Karim, Ali and Youssef. (  )
I am very tired ; it was a tiring day. (  ) -

l am very tired;it was a tiring day. (  ) -
 I am very tired; it was a tiring day. (  )
First term 12
3- There is no space between enclosures (quotation marks, parentheses, brackets)

and the enclosed words…
EX:
- Oxford discover published the skills guide ( the first of its kind ) last July. (  )

 Oxford discover published the skills guide (the first of its kind) last July. (  )
1- Paragraph breaks:
 What is an indent (indentation)?
- It is a space (of about five letters) left at the beginning of the first line of a
paragraph.
 What is a paragraph break (par break)?

- It is a single line space (between two paragraphs) or an indentation (in the first
line of a paragraph) or both.
 Why are paragraph breaks used?

- To signal the transition from one idea to another in a text, and from one speaker
to another in an exchange of dialogue.
 When are paragraph breaks used?

- When you begin a new idea or point
- To contrast information or ideas
- When you think readers need a pause
First term 13
Write about a bridge or a tunnel you like and be sure to add paragraph
breaks :
The Ponte Vecchio is a very old bridge. In fact, its name means "old bridge" in
Italian. The Ponte Vecchio is in Florence, Italy. It's an arch bridge that crosses the
River Arno. It dates from Roman times, and at first it was made of wood, but later
.the people of the city rebuilt it in stone
Today, the bridge is the tourist attraction. Thousands of people walk across it
every week. On either side of the bridge, there are shops. Most these shops sell
jewelry, leather, and souvenirs. I'm going to go there one day!
Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d :

1- Paragraph breaks are made by……………………………………..
a- leaving a space enough for five letters at the beginning of the first line.
b- leaving a space line between paragraphs.
c- a & b
d- Drawing lines between paragraphs.
2- The purpose of paragraph breaks is ………………………….

a- to make use of the space provided in the page.
b- to begin a new idea or point.
c- to link idea.
d- to make writing attractive.
First term 14
3- A/ An …………………… is a space the size of five letters at the beginning of the

first line of a paragraph.
a- indentation b- space c- white space d- a & c
4- Which of the following has the correct punctuation?

a- Rodayna said, "I want to make the salad".
b- Rodayna said,"I want to make the salad".
c- Rodayna said, " I want to make the salad".
d- Rodayna said, "I want to make the salad ".
Write two short paragraph about one of these topics:

 A famous bridge or tunnel in your country
 Your first memory of a bridge or a tunnel
 A description of your favorite bridge or tunnel
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
First term 15
PROJECT: CREAT A BRIDGE OR A

TUNNEL AND TALK ABOUT IT.
"What is the Earth made of?"

First term 16
Unit 3
''Vocabulary''
Unit three
Inside Our Planet
Words Definition Parts of Synonyms Antonyms
Speech
1- Mass A large amount of a
substance that doesn't have a Noun
definite shape or form.
First term 17
2- Crust - The hard part on the outside

of certain foods, especially Noun
bread.
- A hard layer on the outside
of something.
3- Sphere
Any round object shaped like
a ball. Noun
4- Comprise To consist of; to have as parts

or members. Verb
5- Chamber A space under the ground that

is almost completely closed Noun
on all sides.
6- Chunk A large or thick piece of
something. Noun
7- Geologist
Noun
A student or an expert in
geology.
8- Collide
To crash; to hit someone or
something very hard while Verb
First term 18
moving.
9- Pressure Pharos Language Scho

- The force that is produced
when you press on or against
something. Noun
- The force that a gas or
liquid has when it presses
against something.
10- Gradually Happening slowly or over a
long period of time; not Adverb
suddenly.
11- Element One of the most basic
chemical substances, for Noun
example iron, gold, etc.
12- Erode
Used about the ocean, the Verb
weather, etc. to destroy
something slowly.
13- Chemically In a way that changes the

structure of a substance. Adverb
14- Mantle The part of the earth between

the surface and the center. Noun
First term 19
15-Intense Having a very strong effect or

felt very strongly (very great, Adjective
Strong, or serious).
15- Erupt
Used about a volcano to

explode and throw out the
fire, smoke, and rock that has
melted.
Verb
16-Continental Connected with the main part

of a continent. Adjective
17- Sections Parts into which something

can be or has been divided. Noun
18- Enormous Very big size or in amount. Adjective
19-
Metamorphic
rock Technical metamorphic rock is Adjective
formed by the continuous
effects of pressure, heat, or
water.
20-
Sedimentary
rock Technical made of the solid
substances that settle at the Adjective
bottom of the sea etc. and
form a solid layer.
First term 20
21- Igneous
rock
Technical igneous rocks are Adjective
formed from lava.
Write the correct word for each picture :

(Sphere – collide – chamber – geologist – chunk – element – pressure – crust)
Choose the correct answer:

1- A ball is the shape of a ……………………………….
a- chunk b- sphere c- chamber d- crust
First term 21
2- ………………………. Builds up, causing volcanoes to erupt.

a- mass b- element c- sphere d- pressure
3- The oceanic ……………………… carries water.

a- chamber
b- sphere
4- Copper and gold are both …………………………

c- crust d- mass
a- elements b- chunks c- chambers d- spheres
5- When two different chemicals………………………, there may be an explosion.

a- erode b- comprise c- collide d- pressure
6- Magma collects in magma……………………

a- chunks b- spheres c- crusts d- chambers
Write each word in correct column of the chart:
Mass - crust - sphere - comprise - chamber - chunk - geologist -

collide - pressure - gradually - element - erode - chemically
Complete each sentence with the correct word:
Mantle - sections - intense - continental - enormous - erupt

First term 22
1- The Emoire state building is ………………………… . Its's 443 meters tall!
2- In the diagram, The earth's crust is divided into…………………………………..

3- The heat from magma is so ……………………… that you can't get near it.
4- Unlike the oceanic shelf, the ………………………………... shelf carries land.
5- Not all volcanoes ……………………….. . Some are inactive, or dormant.
6- The …………………………. Is the deepest section of the Earth.
It always seems
impossible
until it's done.
First term 23
''Grammar''
"Modals"
 The modal verbs (can, can't, could, couldn't, may, might, have to, had

to, will have to, need to) are used to talk about ability, obligation, necessity,
possibility and deduction. They are also used to ask and give permission and to
make requests.
Ability:
- We use can / can't to talk about someone's skill or general abilities.
- We use can / can't to talk about the ability to do something at given time in the
present or future.
- In the future, we also use will / won't be able to.
- We use could / couldn't, was / wasn't able to to talk about past time.
EX:
- Can you walk now?
- I can't walk now.
- I could walk a little yesterday.
Permission:
- We use can, could, or may to ask or give someone permission to do something.
- May and could are more formal and polite than can.
EX:
- Can I do some soccer training?
- You can do some training.
- You may train two or three times a week.
Requests:
- We use can, could, would, or may to ask someone to do something.
- May, would, and could are more formal and more polite than can.
EX:
- Can / May I have a look at your leg?
- Could you lift your leg for me?
First term 24
Obligation and necessity:

- We use must / has to / (will) have to / need to to say that it is necessary to do
something.
EX:

- You must lift it.
- He has to stay in bed.
- You will have to rest your leg.
- You need to walk every day for about ten minutes.
NOTE :
- Only use must for obligation and necessity in the present and the future.
-When you want to talk about obligation and necessity in the past, you use had
to.
EX:
- He had to rest his leg.
Possibility and deduction:

- We use may, could, or might if you are not completely sure about something.
- We use must when you are more sure of something.
EX:
- The bone might be damaged.
- It must be broken.
Look at the sentences and circle the correct word:

1- Can you walk now? Ability / permission
2- You can do some training. Request / permission
3- May I have a look at your leg? Permission / request
4- Could you lift your leg for me? Request / permission
5- You must lift it. Request / obligation
6- You will have to rest your leg. Request / obligation
First term 25
7- You need to walk every day. Obligation / permission
8- It must be broken. Request / deduction

1- That must / can be a fossil. I can see the outline of bones.
2- Mountain climbing is easier with two people. Could / must you go with me?
3- The experts have to / weren't able to predict exactly how strong the
earthquake would be
4- That had to / can't be the geyser. It's time for an eruption, but there's no
water!
5- Can / Must I see that fossil, please?
6- The scientist thinks it has to / might be an extinct volcano.
7- Could / Must you help me find my hiking boots?
8- I need to / might wear my glasses to see the volcano from here.
Rewrite the sentences and put the modal in the correct place:
1- Geysers send jets of hot water into the air. (can)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2- In the future, many of Iceland's volcanoes erupt. (could)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3- I help you find some information about earth's mantle? (can)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
First term 26
4- That man be a geologist because he know so much. (must)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5- People study geology without modern technology a hundred years ago. (had
to)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6- Geologists handle fossils with special care because fossils are so old. (need to)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Complete the sentences with a suitable modal:

1- All students ………………………………. Study earth science for two years. Those are
the school rules.
2- The tourists…………………………….. wait long before the geyser erupted.
3- I……………………………. download the song I wanted last week, but I have it now.
4- Last year, I ………………… run a kilometer in 5 minutes. Now I can do it in 4

minutes 30 seconds.
5- This …………………………… be a volcano. It's the wrong shape.
6- I'm not sure, but I think the continental shelf …………………………. Carry land.
7- …………………………… you help me carry these books?
8- You may be right. It ……………………… be a fossil.
First term 27
"Homonyms"
 Homonyms are words that are spelled and pronounced the same way but have
different meanings.
EX:
-Magma is liquid rock that has melted.
- My favorite kind of music is rock music.
A- Fill in the chart with homonyms:
B- Complete the sentences with homonyms from A:

1- I need a ………………………… to light this candle. Do you have one?
2- My older sister loves listening to …………………………. music.
3- The game was still a ……………………….. with only two minutes to play.
4- Let's put a ……………………….. on this gift to make it look nicer.
5- Dad always wears a suit and a ……………………….. to go to his office.
6- Great news! My team won the …………………………..!
7- On some nights, the sky is so…………………………….. that you can see every star.
8- In archery, players use a ……………………………. and an arrow.
9- Mom couldn't drive down the road because a large ……………….. was blocking
the way.
10- The article was easy to understand, and the visuals were………………………………
First term 28
''Writing''
"Parentheses"
 We use parentheses to add extra information to a sentence. This information
shouldn't be necessary in order to understand the sentence. Don't use a capital
letter or period to punctuate the information in parentheses.
EX:
The temperature of the inner core (which comprises the metals nickel and iron)
can be as high as 5,400 degrees centigrade.
Add parentheses () around extra information in the sentences:

1- The mantle which is 2,900 kilometers thick is earth's deepest layer.
2- Rocks are composed of different elements such as iron, calcium, and sodium
and are constantly changing.
3- The movement of earth's plates known as plate tectonics can cause mountains
to form.
4- Some jobs such as being a surgeon are difficult.
5- The water which takes a long time to reach the deepest part of the earth rises
to the surface as steam.
6- Many animals including tigers and pandas are severely endangered.
7- Old faithful a geyser in Yellowstone National Park is famous all over the world.
8- Geologists like many other types of scientists are interesting people to talk to.
9- Brussels which is the capital of Belgium is known for having great food.
10- Some games like this one on my phone are free to download.
11-Certain vegetables including mushrooms and broccoli are called superfoods.

First term 29
Write a paragraph based on the model below:

Write about an aspect of our planet that interests you. Use parentheses to
enclose extra information. Use modals when appropriate.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
First term 30
PROJECT: CREAT AN EARTH PLANET

AND EXPLAIN THE LAYERS INSIDE
IT.
First term 31
"Why do we wear masks?"
Unit 5
First term 32
''Vocabulary''
Unit five
A Season of Discontent
Words Pharos Language Scho
Definition Parts of Synonyms Antonyms
Speech
1- Eternity The whole of time without
any end. Noun Forever
2-Transition
A change from one condition Noun
or form to another.
3- Irritating
Annoying Adjective
4-Spectacular Very impressive, interesting,

or attractive. Adjective Amazing
5- Categorize To divide people or things into

groups; to say that someone
Verb Group
or something belongs to a
particular group.
6- Frost - The weather conditions

when the temperature falls
below the freezing point. Ice
- A very thin layer of little Noun
pieces of ice that is formed on
surfaces when the
temperature is below the
freezing point.
First term 33
7- Literally
According to the most basic Adverb
or original meaning of a word
or expression.

8- Wither - Used about plants to
become dry and die; to make Verb
a plant do this.
- To become weaker, until it
disappears.
9- Decay
To become bad or fall apart. Verb
10-
Tempestuous - Full of extreme emotions
-Caused by or affected by a Adjective Stormy
violent storm.
11-Schedule
A plan of things that will Noun
happen or of work that must
be done.
12-
Something that's done the Adverb
Consistently
same way for a long time.
First term 34
13-
That was or could be Adjective
Predictable
expected
14- Control Power over something; the

ability to organize, direct, or Noun
15- Mood
guide someone or something.
The way that you feel at a Noun

particular time.
16- Adapt To change your behavior

because the situation you Verb
are in has changed.
17-
In a careful and exact way. Adverb
Accurately
18- Decent A good enough of an

acceptable standard or quality Adjective
19- Doubt To think that something is

unlikely or to feel uncertain Verb
about something.
First term 35
Match the sentence to the pictures. Write the letter:
Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

1- The sunrise this morning was……………………… I've never seen anything so
beautiful.
a- Predictable b- Irritating c- spectacular d- tempestuous
2- Mosquitoes are very …………………..insects because they bite you.

a- literal b- irritating c- spectacular d- predictable
3-The weather here is very……………. .It's always warm and sunny.

a- frosty b- predictable c- tempestuous d- transitioning
First term 36
4- There was a thin……………….on the grass this morning after the cold night.
a- schedule b- eternity c- frost d- tempest
5- I'm going to……………… these animals into mammals and reptiles.

a- predict b- decay c- transition d- categorize

6- Sammy was …………….. shaking because she was so scared.
a- literally b- spectacularly c- consistently d- irritatingly
First term 37
Match the words to their synonyms:
First term 38
"Internal and External Conflict"

 A good story always involves a problem or a conflict. Some conflicts take place
inside a character's mind. These internal conflicts might be about something the
character fears or a difficult decision. Other conflicts take place outside of the

character. These external conflicts usually involve other characters or the setting
of the story. As you read, look for examples of internal and external conflict.
Read the short story. Then fill in the organizer:
First term 39
''Grammar''
"Past Perfect Continuous"
The usage:
- We use the present perfect continuous to talk about an action started in the
past and continued until another time in the past.
EX:
- The guide had been talking to the students about masks.(before Jack fell asleep)
- Andy hadn't been feeling well. (before jack left)
The form of the sentence:

Subject + had + been + v.ing +……………..
EX:
- They had been working hard.
- She had been cooking food for two years.
The key words :

)When – Before – By the time – For – since(
NOTE :
- We use For to talk about the time duration of the action
- And we use Since to talk about the starting point of the action.
EX:
- We had been waiting there for 2 hours before the bus arrived.
- She had been studying English since the morning when I called.
- By the time I started making the weather, I felt like I'd been living on a glacier!
The negative form:

EX: Subject + had + not + been + v.ing + ………….
- He hadn't been reading a book.
- I hadn't been cooking any meal when she came to my home.
- You hadn't been studying English all day.
First term 40
The question form:

Had + subject + been + v.ing + ……………?
EX:
- Had her daughter been eating anything all day?

- Had he been cooking any meal when she came to my home?
Wh-question + had + subject + been + v.ing + …………..?
EX:
- How long had you been painting before you took an art class?
- What had you been doing when you hurt your leg?

1- How long ……………..…………. When you stopped to watch TV?
a- had you read b- had you been reading
2- The boys ……………..…………. long when their dad came home.

a- hadn't been studying b- haven't been studying
3- We were tired! We ………………………… for twenty minutes.

a- are running b- had been running
4- Where ……………….………… when the police found him?

a- is the man hiding b- had the man been hiding
5- The witnesses ……………………….. questions since 2:30.

a- answered b- had been answering
6- The audience ………………………… to the music, so the band stopped playing.

a- hadn't been listening b- doesn't listen
Change the verbs in the affirmative to negative and the verbs in the
negative to affirmative:
1- Nico hadn't been studying hard.
However, his friend Sam .............................. for many hours.
First term 41
2- The twins had been swimming in the morning.
Jen and Sheila ……………………………… .They'd been playing soccer.
3- My English teacher had been correcting homework since ten o'clock.

My math teacher ………………………. homework. She'd been preparing her lesson.
4- We hadn't been waiting long when the bus came.
We …………………………………. since 10:30 when the bus finally came
Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the box. Use the
past perfect continuous:
not / pay - drive - live - learn - not / wait - work
1- Mina started working at 9:00. I arrived at 11:00.
When I arrived, Mina ………………………………… for two hours.
2- I got to the movie theater at 4:30. My friend got there at 4:31.
I ………………………… long at all.
3- We moved to our house in 2011. Our neighbors moved a year before.
When we moved in, they ………………………………… in their house since 2010.
4- Satoshi started school a year ago. His sister began English classes three years
ago.
By the time Satoshi started school, his sister……………………..........English for two
years.
5- Billy's dad went on a road trip. After an hour, his car ran out of gas.
He ………………………………… for an hour when the car ran out of gas.
6- I was reading my book when my teacher asked a question.
I couldn't answer the question because I …………………………….. attention.
First term 42
Choose the correct verbs and complete each sentence using the past
perfect continuous and the simple past:
"Suffixes -er and -or"

 The suffixes –er and –or are used in many job titles. You can often use these
suffixes to turn a verb into a noun.
EX:
- When people act in this play, they wear masks.
- Each actor wears a mask that represents a season.
A- Change each word from a verb to a noun by adding the suffix -er or -
or:
First term 43
B- Write the correct word from (A) for each picture:
C- Change the verbs to nouns to complete the sentences:

1- Our basketball team has a great …………………… (train) who helps us keep fit and
win games.
2- A ………………………….. (survey) is someone whomeasures land and makes maps.
3- The faucet is leaking. We need a ……………………………….. (plumb).
4- You can talk to a ………………………………….. (counsel) if you need some advice.
5- Who was the ………………………………. (invent) of the telescope?
6- Picasso is an example of a famous ……………………………….. (paint).
First term 44

''Writing''
"Choosing a Good Title"
 Whether you're writing a report, a story, or a poem, it's important to choose a
good title. A good title will get your readers' attention and make them want to
keep reading. It will also help them to remember what you wrote.
Write a story based on the model below:

Read the story and give it a title. Then write your own story and give it a title.
Be sure to use the past perfect continuous correctly.
Title:………………………………………….
My title is: …………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
First term 45
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
PROJECT: WRITE A STORY YOU LIKE.
First term 46

"Why do we like symmetry?"
Unit 7
First term 47

''Vocabulary''
Unit seven
Summing Up Symmetry
Words Definition Parts of Synonyms Antonyms
speech
1-
Symmetrical Having two halves that are Adjective
exactly the same in size and
shape.
2- Equilateral
Having all its sides of the Adjective
same length.
3- Identical
Exactly the same. Adjective Different
First term 48
4- Infinite Pharos Language Scho

Without end or limits.
Adjective Limited
5- Reproduce To produce a copy of

something. Verb
6- Repetition
Doing something again;
something that you do or Verb
that happens again
7- Extend - To make something longer

or larger in space or time. Verb Shorten
- Usually used about space,
land, time, etc. to continue
or stretch.
8-
Interlocking
Fitting or fastened firmly Adjective Separate
together.
9- The size of something

Dimensions including its length, width, Noun
and height.
First term 49
10- Structure A building or something that

has been built or made from Noun
a number of parts.
11- Internal
Inside something. Adjective External
12- Pharos Language Scho

A group of things that have
Noun
Arrangement been place in a particular
pattern.
13- Aesthetic Concerned with beauty or art

and the understanding of Adjective
beautiful things.
14-
Experiment A scientific test that is done
in order to prove something Noun
or to get new knowledge.
15- Hesitate To pause before you do

something or before you Verb
make a decision, usually
because you are uncertain.
16- Used to show that something

Approximately is almost, but not Adverb
completely, accurate or
correct.
First term 50
17- Formal being one of the parts

Constituent of something. Adjective
18- Practical Useful or suitable for a

particular purpose or situation Adjective Impractical
19- Employ To pay someone to work for

you. Verb
Match the sentences to the pictures. Write the letter:
First term 51
Circle the word that is the Antonyms of the word in the box:

First term 52
1-………………………………. Features of the car include sparkling paint and a sunroof.

a- Identical b- Dimension c- Aesthetic d- Repetition
2- I like the …………………… of my new bedroom. Everything is in the right place.
a- arrangement b- interlocking c- dimensions d- internal
a- Structure
3- What is that ………………….?
Is it a house or an office building?
b- repetition c- arrangement d- internal
4- Every room in a house can have different ………………………….

a- repetitions b- equilaterals c- dimensions d- interlocking
5- This necklace is a chain of …………………………… rings.

a- equilateral b- aesthetic c- interlocking d- reproducing
6- Wheels are an example of …………………………… objects.

a- aesthetic b- internal c- symmetrical d- equilateral
Complete the sentences with the correct words below:
Circle the one that doesn't belong:

1- identical - symmetrical - same - different
2- lengthen – shorten – increase – extend
3- aesthetic – ugly – beautiful – pretty
4- never-ending – infinite – brief – always
5- inside – internal – within – outside
6- weight – length – dimensions - width
Complete the sentences with the correct words:
First term 53
"Prefixes trans- and inter-"

 The main part of a word is called the root. If you understand what the root
means, it can help you understand the meaning of the word. In English, the roots
of many words come from Latin and Ancient Greek.
EX:
Latin Root Meaning Example
Inter between interlocking
Trans across translate
Match the words to the definitions. Write the letter:
First term 54
''Grammar''
"Relative Clauses"
 We use relative clauses to give important information about the noun in the
sentence.
*For people, use the pronouns who or that.
*To talk about objects, use the pronouns that or which.
*To talk about places, use the pronoun where.
EX:
- Scientists use lenses that allow telescopes to see deep into space.
- Scientists use lenses which allow telescopes to see deep into space.
- This is the building where the scientists work.
Circle the noun and underline the relative clause in each sentence:
Complete the sentences with who, that, which, or where:
First term 55

1- A bottle opener is a tool that / where opens bottles.
2- This is the park where / which I met my best friend.
3- That's the building where / that caught on fire.
4- A dictionary is a book which / where lists words alphabetically.
5- We went to the store that / where my uncle works.
Rearrange the following sentences:
First term 56

''Writing''
"Writing Numbers as words"
 Write out numbers when you use them in these situation.
 To begin a sentence: one side of this butterfly is identical to the other
side.
 When they can be written in one or two word (numbers with hyphens
count as one word): four, thirty, ninety-five
 When they're used as compound adjectives: That fifty- story building is
symmetrical.
Write the sentences correctly:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
First term 57
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Write a paragraph based on the model below:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
First term 58
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
PROJECT: WRITE ABOUT

SOMETHING SYMMETRY.
First term 59
First term 60
WRITING Pharos Language Scho
First term 61
''Unit 1''
"How to write a persuasive letter"
 Write your contact information and date at the top.

Begin your letter with a salutation such as "Dear Ms. Smith" and end it
with closing.
 Be polite. It's good way to get people to help you!
 In the first paragraph of your letter, clearly state your point of view or
your purpose for writing.
 Include arguments that support your point of view. Use language that will
persuade, or convince, the reader to agree with your arguments.
 Include at least one argument against your point of view. This shows the
reader that you understand both sides of the issue.
 End your letter with an action statement that specifically states what you
want the reader to do.
 On a new line write a complimentary close, such as "Sincerely,"or"Best
regards".
 Sign your name under the complimentary close.
First term 62
Read this persuasive letter. Label the parts of the letter:
First term 63
First term 64
What should you do when you are writing a persuasive letter? Circle
the correct answer:
 WRITE A LETTER OF: YOUR FAVORITE HOLIDAY –

SCHOOL – HOMETOWN – BIRTHDAY PARTY.
You're going to write a persuasive letter. Think about something you

care about and plan your letter. Use the organizer to help you:
First term 65
''Unit 3''
"How to write a Speech"
 Choose a topic that interests you. If you're interested, your audience will
be, too.
 Pharos Language Scho
Start your speech with statement or a question that will get your
audience to pay attention.
 Include some background information about the topic you've chosen.
 Use visuals, such as pictures or diagrams, to help your audience
understand the topic.
 Organize your ideas so your speech is clear and easy to understand.
 End your speech with conclusion.
First term 66
First term 67
 WRITE A SPEECH OF: TECHNOLOGY – YOGA – NATURE.
First term 68
''Unit 5''
"How to write a Personal Narrative"
 To choose a topic for your personal narrative, think about something
 Pharos Language Scho

interesting that happened to you.
Start your narrative with a hook to get the readers attention.
 Set the scene. When and where does your narrative take place? Who was
there and what happened ?
 Think about how these events made you feel. Describe your emotions for
the reader.
 Include details to make your story more interesting.
 End your personal narrative with conclusion.
First term 69
First term 70
 WRITE A PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF: ZOO – PARTY -

……...
First term 71
''Unit 7''
"How to write a Personal Response"
 Begin your personal response by summarizing the story you read.

life. Pharos Language Scho
Make comparisons between the story's characters or events and your own
 Write what you liked and disliked about the story, explain why you feel
that way.
 End your personal response with your final thoughts about the story.
First term 72
First term 73
First term 74
 WRITE ABOUT ANY STORY THAT YOU READ IT BEFORE.
First term 75
First term 76
''Poetry''
-Poetry: It is the art of writing poems and the oldest form of literature. It's like
music because it creates beautiful sounds with words when expressing ideas or
feelings.

-Poet: The person who writes poetry.
-Poem: It is a regular units based on form and meaning. It is made up of blocks

of lines called Stanza.
-Stanza: A group of lines in a poem having the same idea.
 Figures Of Speech:
 Images that the poet uses to express his ideas and make them clear, effective
and beautiful.
1- Simile:
-It is a comparison between two items referring to certain similarity they have. In
a simile we use "like" or "as".
EX:
(I wandered lonely as cloud) (The moon is like a flower)
2- Metaphor:
-It means to give something the image of something else trying to say that they
are the same, here we don't use "like" or "as".
EX:
- He is a lion.
- The pizza is a fire.
First term 77
First term 78
3- Personification:
-It means to give human qualities to abstract objects, idea or animal.
EX:
- "I'm busy", said the sea.

- The sun smile down on us.
- My ipod died.
- That picture says a lot.
4- Contrast:
- It is the use of the opposite words to make the meaning clear.
EX:
- Blowing here and blowing there.
- up and down and everywhere.
 Sound Device:
-It is the pattern of speech sounds that produce mellifluous sounds in english
poetry, and the poet can use it to create a specific rhythm, tone and mood in
their writing, which helps to emphasize the message.
1- Repetition:
- It is the repeting of any words, phrases, sentence, or lines within a poem.
EX:
"Twinkle, Twinkle"
2- Allitration:
- It is the repetition of consonant sound at the beginning of words on the same
line.
EX:
- "I'm busy", said the sea.
- "you clinkining, clanking,
clattering collection of caliginous junk………….
First term 79
3- Rhyme scheme:
- It is the same sound pattern at the end of the lines of poetry.
EX:
(fair – chair) – (me, see)
4- Assonance: Pharos Language Scho

- This is the repetition of identical or similar VOWEL SOUND in a series of words,
phrases or syllables.
EX:
- Clap your hands and stamp your feet.
- "Try to light the fire"
5- Homophones:
- This happen when we use two words having the same pronunciation but are
different in spelling.
EX:
(wait – weight )
First term
"The Star" 80
By: Jane Taylor

Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are!
and Ann Taylor
Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.
When the blazing sun is gone,
When he nothing shines upon,
Then you show your little light,
Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.
Then the traveler in the dark
Thanks you for your tiny spark,
How could he see where to go,
If you did not twinkle so?
In the dark blue sky you keep,
Often through my curtains peep
For you never shut your eye,
Till the sun is in the sky.
As your bright and tiny spark
Lights the traveler in the dark,
Though I know not what you are,
Twinkle, twinkle, little star.
First term 81
The poet:
Jane Taylor: She was born in 23 September 1783 , she was an English
poet and novelist best known for the lyrics of the widely known "Twinkle,
Twinkle, Little Star". She died in 13 April 1824.
Introduction: Pharos Language Scho

The poet said that a little girl is addressing a tiny star in the dark sky. She is
fascinated by its "twinkling" and bright spark. The stars look like diamonds in the
sky to her. The child is pointing out the star's importance in the night sky.
Stanza "1"
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are!
Up above the world so high,
Like a diamond in the sky.
1-Paraphrase:
In the first stanza of the poem, the speaker has used quite easy words to address
a “little star”. The poet has compared the star to a “diamond”. When singing the
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, mostly this first stanza is repeated rather than singing
the remaining four stanzas.
2-Rhyme Scheme:
(a a b b)
3- Figures of speech:
1-"Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star"……………… Personification
 The star is personified as a person who is little and twinkles.
2-“Like a diamond in the sky.”…………… Simile
 The poet compares the star to a diamond that shines.
First term 82
4- Sound Device:
1-"Twinkle, Twinkle "……………… Repetition
It repeated at the beginning of each line, adding rhythm to the poem

2-"little - like "……………… Alliteration
 The repetition of the "I" sound adds a musical quality to the poem.
Stanza "2"
When the blazing sun is gone,
When he nothing shines upon,
Then you show your little light,
Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.
1-Paraphrase:
In this stanza, the poet is listing the features of the “little star”. She says that
when the sun has set and nothing else is shining in the sky, then the star
“twinkles” its light all night. It implies that despite being small, the poet is
comparing the star to something important.
2-Rhyme Scheme:
(c c d d)
1- When the blazing sun is gone - When he nothing shines upon
……………… Extended Personification
The poet personifies the sun as a person that is gone and shines.
2-"little – light"…………Allitration
It has a nice musical effect on our ears.
First term 83
Stanza "3"
Then the traveler in the dark
Thanks you for your tiny spark,
How could he see where to go,
If you did not twinkle so?
1-Paraphrase:
In the third stanza, the poet further highlights the qualities of the little star. The
poet says that its “tiny spark” in the dark night helps the travellers find their path.
It again implies that the poet is trying to show that even a tiny star’s light is
important.
2-Rhyme Scheme:
(e e f f)
1- Thanks you for your tiny spark ……………… personification
 The poet personifies the traveller who can thanks the star that helps them find
their path.
Stanza "4"
In the dark blue sky you keep,
Often through my curtains peep
For you never shut your eye,
Till the sun is in the sky.
1-Paraphrase:
In the fourth stanza, the poet is saying to the star that its light peeps the curtains
and never diminishes till the sun comes back in the sky. The poet has compared
the star’s light to its "open eye"
First term 84
2-Rhyme Scheme:
(g g h h)
1-"For you never shut your eye”……………Personification
 The poet personifies the star that is a person who keeps its eyes open and
doesn’t go to sleep.
Stanza "5"
As your bright and tiny spark
Lights the traveler in the dark,
Though I know not what you are,
Twinkle, twinkle, little star.
Paraphrase:
In the last stanza, the poet has reused some lines from the previous stanzas and
accepts that she doesn’t know what really is the "little star" or where it is. She
loves the star’s bright spark as long as it continues to pave the way for travellers
in the night.
2-Rhyme Scheme:
(i i j j)
First term 85

J.6 Oxford Discover 1st Term

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

J.6 Oxford Discover 1st Term

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Junior Six English department

"Why do we build bridges and tunnels?"

Pharos Language Scho

4- Skeptical Having doubts that a claim or

6- Admire To respect or like someone

7- Labor Pharos Language Scho

9- Discouraged Having lost hope, not feeling

A bright blue stone that is very

11- Suspicious Feeling that someone has

12- Exquisite Something is very beautiful,

To leave a place, usually at the

Pharos Language Scho

Large numbers of animals

15- Fade To disappear slowly from

17- Base -A starting point from which

19- Gratefully In a way that shows thanks to

Choose the correct answer from the brackets :

1- The bus ( wriggled – departed – labored – exquisite ) on time.

2- You might describe a sapphire as ( exquisite – isolated – skeptical – labor ).

3- I ( admire – depart – insist – strand ) that you join us for dinner.

Pharos Language Scho

5- I ( labored – insisted – admired – discouraged ) on helping my grandmother

7- Dad looked ( isolated – exquisite – skeptical – hazardous ) when I told him I

8- Tania's meal was ( suspicious – labored – isolated – exquisite ) everything was

10- If something is ( isolated – hazardous – strand – wriggle ) , it is away from

12- To ( depart – arrive – skeptical – admire ) means to leave.

13- Something that is ( hazardous – isolated – labor – sapphire ) is dangerous.

14- I ( dislike – admire – depart – insist ) people who do kind things.

15 – You might feel ( encouraged – discouraged – admire – relax ) when

Complete each sentence with the correct word :

( herds – fade – unseen – base – shone – gratefully )

1- At the …………………… of the mountain, there was small village.

Pharos Language Scho

5- The sun ……………………… on the water in the river, making it sparkle.

6- The ……………………….. of deer ran across the ecoduct.

Write a sentence for each word in the brackets :

Pharos Language Scho

Subject + am/is/are + going to + be + v.ing + ………………….

The key words :

The negative form:

Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + be + v.ing + ………

The question form:

First term Wh-question + will 8+ subject + be + v.ing + ……… ?

Pharos Language Scho

3- We ( took / will be taking ) our test at four o'clock tomorrow.

4- Jessica ( was coming / will be coming ) to dinner next week.

5- Next month, the students ( are going to be celebrating / celebrated ) their

Correct the forms of the verbs:

A: What will you be doing in two years?

B: I (prepare) ________________ for high studies in term of Administration.

2- A: Are you free after work?

3-Can we meet on Thursday afternoon?

I am afraid not. I (visit) ______________ my granddad

4-A: What will Huda be doing at 5 o’clock?

B: She (write) _________________ a post card to her uncle in Sweden.

Rearrange the following sentences :

.be drawing – they – next week? – a map – will – of the site -2

Pharos Language Scho

.the engineers – be digging – will – for three months -3

.cars and buses – the bridge – will be using -5

.aren't going to - people – across – be walking – the bridge -6

Rewrite each sentence to make it negative :