INTERPRET THE

FOLLOWING
PHRASES
"ANG MUNDO
AY ISANG
MALAKING
QUIAPO"
"INANYAYAHAN
KAMI NG DAGAT
NA MALIGO "
 IKAW ANG APOY
NA SUMUSUNOG SA
AKING PUSO
"ULAN, BUMUHOS
KA'T AKING
MUNDO'Y
LUNURING
TULUYAN!"
Why do we you use these
vague words?
Literary Devices
Figurative Language and
Sound Effect Devices
Figurative Language
It is a broad category that includes
figures of speech as well as sound-
effect devices.
Its chief function is to communicate
the writer’s message to elicit
emotions; to help readers form
mental images; and to let readers
dive into the writer’s work.
Figures of Speech
These are words or phrases that
deviate from the common
language to create a different
meaning.
These are the particular
techniques writers use for
stylistic or dramatic effects.
A. SIMILE
is a comparison of two unlike
things using the words “like” or
“as.”
1. His eyes are as green as the meadow, alluring
and breath-taking.

1. “Her romantic mind was like the tiny

boxes, one within the other, that come
from the puzzling East . . .” — Peter Pan, by
J. M. Barrie:
B. METAPHOR
is a comparison between two unlike
things that has similar characteristics
without the use of “like” or “as.”

1. Your words are music to my ears.

2. You are my sunshine.

3. The classroom is a zoo.

C. PERSONIFICATION
is attributing human characteristics
to non-human things such as in
animals, objects, or ideas.

1. Sadness bullies me; everyday, it mocks me.

2. The knife lies still on the ground, seducing

me to place himself in my chest.
D. APOSTROPHE
is done when a writer or speaker speaks
directly to someone who is not present (dead)
or cannot respond in reality; it can also be
directly speaking to an inanimate object or
abstract ideas.
1. “Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder
what you are…”

2. “Hello darkness, my old friend. I’ve come to

talk to you again. Because a vision softly
creeping, Left its seeds while I was sleeping.”- an
excerpt from The Sound of Silence by Paul Simon
E. SYNECDOCHE
is using a part of a person or object to
represent the whole, or a whole to
represent the part.

1. Eyes are everywhere.

2. Give us this day our daily bread.

3. Nice wheels you got there!

F. METONYMY
replaces the name of a thing with the
name of something else with which it is
closely associated.

1. "The pen is mightier than the sword.”

2. Return to the cross; it is your only chance.

G. PARADOX
is a statement that appears to
contradict itself, but does make
sense.

1. We are stronger in the broken places.

2. This is the beginning of the end.

3. “Some day you will be old enough to start

reading fairy tales again.” – C.S. Lewis
H. OXYMORON
is the combination of two opposite
ideas joined side by side.

1. All you said were fabricated truths!

2. That is unbiased opinion.

3. Other examples (jumbo shrimp, little giant,

beautiful disaster)
I. ALLUSION
It is an indirect reference to a person, place,
thing or idea which can be of historical,
cultural, biblical or of literary significance.

1. You don’t have to be Albert Einstein to be a

great in science. You don’t have to be Abraham
Lincoln to save the world. You don’t have to be
Beethoven to play nice music. Legacies are
placed differently in each one of us, you just
need time to figure it out!
J. HYPERBOLE
is the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose
of emphasis or heightened effect.
Normally, characters way of letting their feelings
out is by the use of hyperbole.

1. The whole world was staring at me.

2. His stomach is a bottomless pit; he ate twenty

burgers in a row!
Sound - Effects
Devices
Sound- effect
devices
Sound devices are special tools
the poet can use to create certain
effects in the poem to convey and
reinforce meaning through sound.
A. ONOMATOPOEIA
Onomatopoeia (Links to an external site.) is the
natural sound of things converted into words.
However, some words are unrecognizable in the
dictionary.

1. Ducks quack loudly as they splash across the

river.
2. Thunder rumbles through the night.
B. ALLITERATION
It is the repetition of the consonant sounds in the
first stressed syllables. Remember that
alliteration does not depends on letters but on
sounds.

1. Sheep should shower in a shed.

2. Go and gather the green leaves on
the grass.
C. ASSONANCE
It is the repetition of vowel sounds within
words.

1. He claps his hands and stamps his feet.

2. The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain.
D. CONSONANCE
It is the repetition of consonant sounds
within or at the end of the words.

1. He stood on the road and cried.

2. The zoo was amazing, especially the
lizards and chimpanzees.
E. CACOPHONY
It is a combination of harsh or inharmonious sounds. This
helps create a maddening and disastrous effect to the
literary piece. To create cacophony, writers use short
explosive sounds such as g, v, b, sc, t, tr, k, p, etc.
"Out, damned spot! Out, I say!—One, two. Why, then,
’tis time to do ’t. Hell is murky!—Fie, my lord, fie! A
soldier, and afeard? What need we fear who knows it,
when none can call our power to account?—Yet who
would have thought the old man to have had so
much blood in him." - (Macbeth by Shakespeare)
F. EUPHONY
It is the combination of harmonious and pleasing
sounds. To create euphony, writers use good voice
effect with w, m, n, l, or r, etc.

"So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, /

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."
- (Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare)
G. RHYME
It is the repetition of similar sounding words,
usually occurring at the end of the lines.

The sky is very sunny. (A)

The children are funny. (A)
Under the tree we sit, (B)
But just for a bit. (B)
H. REPETITION
It is the repetition of a word, or phrase, or a full
poetic line or sentence to emphasize its
significance in the entire text.

For everything there is a season, a time for every activity under heaven...
A time to embrace and a time to turn away.
A time to search and a time to quit searching.
A time to keep and a time to throw away.
A time to tear and a time to mend.
A time to be quiet and a time to speak.
A time to love and a time to hate.
A time for war and a time for peace.”
--Ecclesiastes 3:1-8 (New Living Translation (Links to an external site.), Bible)
 DO YOU HAVE
ANY QUESTIONS?