Manuel L.

Quezon High School Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in

Mathematics Grade 8
Grade Level/Section/s: 8-Banaba Date: September 18, 2023
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Identify whether the expression is perfect square trinomial or not; and
b. Factor perfect square trinomials completely.
c. Shows confidence and satisfaction in applying the factoring technique to
perfect square trinomials.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials
Reference/s:
a) Exploring Math 8 by Orlando A. Orence & Marilyn D. Mendoza., Pages 27-
33
b) DepEd tambayan Module in Mathematics Quarter 1B Factoring Perfect
Square Trinomials and General Trinomials
Materials:
Blackboard, Visual aids, PowerPoint Presentation, TV.
III. Strategy and Procedures
A. Preliminary Activities
A.1 Prayer
A.2 Greetings
A.3 Classroom Management
A.4 Checking of Attendance

B. Motivation/Review:
CROSS ME OUT:
Given the table below, identify and cross out all the perfect squares.
5 7 70 9 60 20 85
8 23 16 15 25 82 37
12 4 17 40 33 36 73
1 34 29 65 82 76 49
17 10 61 32 48 81 56
0
43 67 121 18 64 11 89
50 45 19 144 3 6 53
Question:
What is a perfect square?

Activity:
Tell whether the following expressions is a perfect square trinomial or not.
1. x + 2 xy + y 2 = PST
2
3. x 2+ 5 x +6 = NOT
2. 4 x2 +20 x +25 = PST 4. 9 x 2+ 30 xy +25 y 2 = PST
5. 4 x2 +2 xy + y 2 = NOT

C. Presentation of the lesson:

PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIAL – it is the result of squaring a binomial.

How to identify if a Trinomial is a Perfect Square?

1. First Term is a perfect square and must be positive.
2. The middle term must be twice the product of the first and last term.
3. Last term is also a perfect square and positive.

Example: x 2+ 2 xy + y 2
1. First Term is a perfect square and must be positive.
( x ) (x)=x2
2. The middle term must be twice the product of the first and last term.
( x ) ( y )=xy
2 ( xy )=2 xy
3. Last term is also a perfect square and positive.
( y ) ( y )= y 2
Therefore, the trinomial x 2+ 2 xy + y 2 is a perfect square trinomial

How to factor a Perfect Square Trinomial?

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
Step 2: If the trinomial is a perfect square, proceed factoring the given trinomial.
Step 3: Copy square root of the first and last terms. Then copy the sign of the
middle term.

Example:4 x2 +20 xy +25 y

2
4 x +20 xy +25 y=¿
Copy the result of the square root of the first and last term.
Therefore, the factor is ¿

Example 1: Factor n2 +16 n+64

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
First term: n2 = ( n ) ( n) = n2
Last term: 64 = ( 8 )( 8 )=(8)2
Both first and last terms are perfect squares.
 Determine if the middle term is twice the product of the first and last term.
Middle term: 16 n=2(n)(8)
Since the conditions are satisfied then the trinomial is a perfect square.
Step 2: Factor out completely the trinomial.
(n)2 +2(n)(8)+( 8)2
Step 3: Copy square root of the first and last terms. Then copy the sign of
the middle term.
Therefore, the factor of the trinomial n2 +16 n+64=(n+8)2

Example 2: Factor 4 x2 + 4 x+ 1
Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
First term: 4 x2 = ( 2 x )( 2 x ) = ¿
Last term: 1 = ( 1 ) ( 1 )=(1)2
Both first and last terms are perfect squares.
Determine if the middle term is twice the product of the first and last term.
Middle term: 4 x=2(2 x)(1)
Since the conditions are satisfied then the trinomial is a perfect square.
Step 2: Factor out completely the trinomial.
(2 x)2 +2(2 x)(1)+(1)2
Step 3: Copy square root of the first and last terms. Then copy the sign of
the middle term.
Therefore, the factor of the trinomial 4 x2 + 4 x+ 1=( 2 x +1)2

Example 3: Factor x 2+ 14 xy+ 49 y

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
First term: x 2 = ( x ) (x) = x 2
Last term: 49 2 = ( 7 y ) ( 7 y )=(7 y)2
Both first and last terms are perfect squares.
Determine if the middle term is twice the product of the first and last term.
Middle term: 4 x=2( x)(7 y)
Since the conditions are satisfied then the trinomial is a perfect square.
Step 2: Factor out completely the trinomial.
2 2
(x) +2(x )(7 y )+(7 y )
Step 3: Copy square root of the first and last terms. Then copy the sign of
the middle term.
Therefore, the factor of the trinomial x 2+ 14 xy+ 49 y=(x+ 7 y)2

Example 4: Factor 16 d 2 +40 d +25

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
First term: 16 d 2 = ( 4 d ) (4 d) = (4 d )2
Last term: 25 = ( 5 ) ( 5 )=(5)2
 Both first and last terms are perfect squares.
Determine if the middle term is twice the product of the first and last term.
Middle term: 40 d=2(4 d)(5)
Since the conditions are satisfied then the trinomial is a perfect square.
Step 2: Factor out completely the trinomial.
(4 d )2 +2( 4 d )(5)+(5)2
Step 3: Copy square root of the first and last terms. Then copy the sign of
the middle term.
Therefore, the factor of the trinomial 16 d 2 +40 d +25=( 4 d +5)2

Example 5: Factor 4 x3 −24 x 2+ 36 x

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
Both first and last terms are not perfect squares.
Therefore, we cannot factor this trinomial using the method for factoring
perfect square trinomial.

To factor this out

Step 2: first is factor out 4x, the GCF
4 x3 −242 +36 x=(4 x )( x 2−6 x+ 9)
Step 3: Then factor the ( x 2−6 x +9)
( x 2−6 x +9 ) =¿
Therefore, the factor of 3 x 2−18 xy+ 27 y = (4 x)¿

Example 6: Factor 27 p2 +72 pr + 48 r 2

Step 1: Check if the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial.
Both first and last terms are not perfect squares.
Therefore, we cannot factor this trinomial using the method for factoring
perfect square trinomial.

To factor this out

Step 2: first is factor out 3, the GCF
2 2 2 2
27 p +72 pr + 48 r =(3)( 9 p +24 pr +16 r )
Step 3: Then factor the (9 p2−24 pr +16 r 2)
(9 p2 +24 pr +16 r 2 )=(3 p ¿ ¿ ¿ 2+2(3 p)(4 r )+(4 r )2 )
Therefore, the factor of 27 p2 +72 pr + 48 r 2 = (3)¿

D. Practice
Directions: Determine whether the given expressions are perfect square
trinomials. Write PST if it is a perfect square trinomial and NPST if it is not.
1. g2−22 a+121 = PST
 2
2. l −8 l+16 = PST
2
3. 4 m +20 m−25 = PST
4. 100+50e+ e2 = NPST
2 2
5. 36 h −60 hw+25 w = PST

E. Generalization
1. What is a perfect square trinomial?
2. How can you identify if a trinomial is a perfect square?
3. How do you factor the perfect square trinomial?

IV. Evaluation
Factor the Following trinomials completely by writing each of the perfect square
trinomial as the square of a binomial.
1. k 2+20 k + 100
2. i 2−8 i +16
3. 4 w2 +24 w+36
4. 49 t 2−14 t +1
5. 3 x 2−24 xy +48 y

V. Assignment
Supply the missing term of the factor of the given perfect trinomial below.
1. q 2−6 q+ 9=¿¿
2. 4 w2 −4 w+1=( ¿ ¿−1 )2
3. 9 e 2 +12e+4=¿ ¿
4. 4 r 2 +16 rt+ 9 t 2=¿ ¿

VI. Remarks

VII. Reflection

Prepared by:
Jon Kenneth V. Avendaño
Student Teacher
 Submitted to:
Mr. Allan B. Rodriguez
Cooperating Teacher