KKK and The Kartilya - 105843

CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF SELECTED
PRIMARY SOURCES
2) The KKK and The Kartilya
Judith A. Patnaan
Instructor 1
KKK
• Kataastaasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan (The Highest and Most
Respectable Society of the Sons of the People) or
Katipunan
• July 7, 1892 at Azcarraga Street (Claro M. Recto

Avenue), Tondo, Manila by Andres Bonifacio,
Ladislao Diwa and Teodoro Plata
• Secret society / hidden government 2

KKK
• Deodato Arellano – first president (1892-1895)
• Andres Bonifacio – Supremo (1895 - 1897)
• Emilio Jacinto – Brains of Katipunan “Emiliong Bata” (Isagani R.
Medina, 1992)
• Gregoria de Jesus – Lakambini ng Katipunan
• Women and the Katipunan – helped in keeping documents, singers
and dancers
• By 1896, members were about 20, 000 (Zaide & Zaide, 2013)
3
Joining the KKK
• Triangle System
Used in recruiting members of the
secret society wherein a katipunero will
have to recruit two members who do not
know each other.
It was changed later on into a system

where any member of the secret society
could take in as many new members as one
could get and undergo the initiation rites.
4
Joining the KKK
Secret Initiation of the Katipunan

• Any man who wanted to join the Katipunan had to pass first a
number of tests to prove his courage and sincerity.
5
Joining the KKK
• Wearing a black robe, the new recruit was led blindfolded into a
darkly lit room. In the room there was a table with a lamp, a
skull, and a bolo.
• He was told to answer these questions:
1. “In what condition did the Spaniards find the Filipino people
when they came?
2. What is its state now?
3. What hope do the Filipino people have for the future?"
6
JOINING THE KKK
• Secret Initiation of the

Katipunan
• The recruit must pass the test of
patriotism, courage and sincerity.
7
Joining the KKK
• The final test was the sandugo/sanduguan
or "Blood compact".
• The recruit was asked to make a small cut on
his left forearm with a sharp knife. He then
signed the Katipunan oath in his own blood.
• Afterwards, the new member chose a
symbolic name for himself.
• Example: Bonifacio - "Maypag-asa" (Hopeful)
8
JOINING THE KKK
OATH
• “In the name of God and my country, I promise to
defend with valor and integrity the aims of the
Katipunan, to keep its secrets, to obey its orders,
and need to recognize the authority of its leaders,
and not to be a traitor to its rules.”
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History 9

Joining the KKK
The Katipunan blood oath, a
cornerstone of the Philippine
Revolution
Written in a strong, firm and educated hand in
the secret code of the KKK, it is penned in red ink
and is signed in blood by a certain Pedro de la Cruz,
using his KKK alias “Mapagtangol,” (using the old
Tagalog spelling with a single “G”).
As a result of the turmoil and tragedy of the

Philippine Revolution of 1896, only two such
handwritten oaths are known to have survived and 10
exist today.
Membership in the Katipunan
KATIPON (Member)
- wears a black hood that is marked by
a white triangle-shaped ribbon with
letters Z. Ll. B inside.
- lowest class
- Password: Anak ng Bayan
11
KAWAL (Soldier)
- wears a green hood marked by a
triangle of white lines with letters, Z,
Ll, and B placed at three angles. The
Kawal also wears a triangular
medallion with the Baybayin (Ka)
engraved in the middle
- middle class
- Password: GomBurZa
12
BAYANI (Patriot)
- wears a red mask with a white
triangle containing the letters K, K,
K, Zz, Ll, and B. The Bayani also
wears a red sash with green borders
- highest class
- Password: Rizal
13
VISIONS OF KKK
A united Filipino Total

nation that would independence of
revolt against the the country from
Spaniards Spain
14
KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN
• (Manga Aral ng Katipunan ng mga A.N.B. or “Lessons of the

Organization of the Sons of Country”
• Emilio Jacinto (1896) when he was18
• A law student of Universidad de Santo Tomas.
• He died at the age of 24 in Magdalena, Laguna
• Written in Tagalog
15
16
Filipino version: Teodoro Agoncillo – Salin ng Komisyong

Wikang Filipino
English Translation: Gregorio Nieva (1918)
17
The life is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose

is a tree without a shade, if not a poisonous weed.
18
To do good for personal gain and not for its own sake is
not virtue.
19
It is rational to be charitable and love one’s fellow creature,

and to adjust one’s conduct, acts and words to what is in
itself reasonable.
20
Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal:

superiority in knowledge, wealth and beauty are to be
understood, but not superiority by nature.
21
The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the

scoundrel, gain to honor.
22
To the honorable man, his word is sacred.
23
Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered but not

time lost.
24
Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor before the

law or in the field.
25
The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in

keeping secrets.
26
On the thorny path of life, man is the guide of woman and

the children, and if the guide leads to the precipice, those
whom he guides will also go there.
27
Thou must not look upon woman as a mere plaything, but as

a faithful companion who will share with thee the penalties of
life; her (physical) weakness will increase thy interest in her
and she will remind thee of the mother who bore thee and
reared thee.
28
What thou does not desire done unto thy wife, children,
brothers and sisters, that do not unto the wife, children,
brothers and sisters of thy neighbor.
29
Man is not worth more because he is a king, because his nose is aquiline, and
his color white, not because he is a *priest, a servant of god, nor because of
the high prerogative that he enjoys upon earth, but he is worth most who is a
man of proven and real value, who does good, keeps his words, is worthy and
honest; he who does not oppress nor consent to being oppressed, he who loves
and cherishes his fatherland, though he be born in the wilderness and know no
30
tongue but his own.
When these rules of conduct shall be known to all, the longed-for sun of liberty
shall rise brilliant over this unhappiest portion of the globe and its rays shall
diffuse everlasting joy among the confederated brethren of the same rays, the
lives of those who have gone before, the fatigues and the well-paid sufferings
will remain. If he who desires to enter (the katipunan) has informed himself of
all this and believes he will be able to perform what will be his duties, he may
fill out. 31
• Kartilya ng Katipunan was
meant to guide the
katipuneros in their
MEANING everyday life to its fullest.
OF THE •
KARTILYA
• It highlights the importance
of having the right attitude
towards other people
32
ANALYSIS
o The document was written for a fraternity to

overthrow colonial regime. The fourth (4th) and
thirteenth (13th) rules are an invocation of
equality between and among men regardless of
race, occupation, or status. This is a manifestation
of the society during the Spanish time, where
Indios (Filipinos) were treated inferiorly and the
white Europeans as superior.
33
ANALYSIS
o It also emphasized the importance of honor in words

and in action.
o Honoring and respecting women but from the

document itself emphasized that men should be the
guide of women and children as it was stated in the
10th rule.
o Inequality between men and women. The men’s role

to the women.
34
ANALYSIS
o The document upheld consistency of rational and

liberal ideas in the 18th and 19th century, equality,
tolerance, freedom and liberty. (Illustrados)
35
ANALYSIS
o The Kartilya is instructive not just to the Katipunan’s

conduct toward other people, but for the member’s
development as an individual.
36
Thank You!
- Kroo Judz
37

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CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF SELECTED

2) The KKK and The Kartilya

• July 7, 1892 at Azcarraga Street (Claro M. Recto

• Secret society / hidden government 2

It was changed later on into a system

Secret Initiation of the Katipunan

• Secret Initiation of the

Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History 9

As a result of the turmoil and tragedy of the

A united Filipino Total

• (Manga Aral ng Katipunan ng mga A.N.B. or “Lessons of the

Filipino version: Teodoro Agoncillo – Salin ng Komisyong

English Translation: Gregorio Nieva (1918)

The life is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose

It is rational to be charitable and love one’s fellow creature,

Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal:

The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the

To the honorable man, his word is sacred.

Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered but not

Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor before the

The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in

On the thorny path of life, man is the guide of woman and

Thou must not look upon woman as a mere plaything, but as

o The document was written for a fraternity to

o It also emphasized the importance of honor in words

o Honoring and respecting women but from the

o Inequality between men and women. The men’s role

o The document upheld consistency of rational and

o The Kartilya is instructive not just to the Katipunan’s

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