KARTILLA NG KATIPUNAN

CHAPTER 3- LESSON 2
GEC 2: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Background of the Author

HISTORIANS REGARD EMILIO JACINTO AS

THE “BRAINS OF THE KATIPUNAN.” ARTEMIO
RICARTE CALLED HIM THE “MOSES OF THE
FILIPINO PEOPLE” WHILE EPIFANIO DE LOS
SANTOS CONSIDERED HIM AS THE “SOUL OF
THE REVOLUTION” AND THE “EYES OF THE
KATIPUNAN.”
EMILIO JACINTO WAS BORN IN
TROZO, MANILA ON DECEMBER 15, 1875. HIS
FATHER WAS MARIANO JACINTO WHO,
ACCORDING TO ZAIDE, WAS A BOOKKEEPER
BUT ACCORDING TO E. DE LOS SANTOS, WAS
A MERCHANT. HIS MOTHER JOSEFA DIZON
WAS A MANGHIHILOT OR MIDWIFE
He studied at the private school of Mestro Ferrer and later, at
the private school of Jose Dizon. He was enrolled by his uncle
at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran for his Bachelor’s
degree and he later transferred to the University of Santo
Tomas to study law. He used the pen names Pingkian,
Dimasilaw, and Ka Ilyong. He joined the Katipunan in 1894
and was the youngest member at 19 years old. He was the
fiscal, secretsry, editor, and later, general of the Katipunan.
He also became the director of the printing shop and library of
the Katipunan.
The library contained written works on tactics and weaponry,
the French Revolution, and works of demagogues. Jacinto
was proclaimed generalissimo of the North (Punong Hukbo sa
Hilagaan), became the adviser of the Supremo, and furnished
Bonifacio with weapons, money, printing materials, and
musical compositions. He was also the editor of the
newspaper Kalayaan. He died of malaria on April 16, 1899 at
23 years old.
 THE FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

 Onthe night of July 7, 1892, Bonifacio and his friends met secretly at
Deodato Arellano’s house at No. 72 Azcarraga Street (now Claro M.
Recto) near Elcano Street in Tondo, Manila.
 Theydecided to form a secret revolutionary society called
Kataastaasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng bayan
(Highest and Respected Society of the sons of the People), otherwise
known as K.K.K. or Katipunan, dedicated to national independence
through armed revolution. These men were, and one or two others.
 THE FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

 The Kataastaasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng

Bayan (KKK) or Katipunan is arguably the most important
organization formed in the Philippine History.
 While anti-colonial movements, efforts, and organizations had already
been established centuries prior to the foundation of the Katipunan, it
was only this organization that envisioned.
 A united Filipino nation that would revolt against the Spaniards for the
total independence of the country from Spain.
 THE FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

A united Filipino nation that would revolt against the Spaniards for the total
independence of the country from Spain.
 Previous armed revolts had already occurred before the foundation of the
Katipunan, but none of them envisioned a unified Filipino nation revolting against
the colonizers.

 Diego Silang was known as an Ilocano who took up his arms and led one of the
longest running revolts in the country. Silang, however, was mainly concerned
about his locality and referred to himself as El Rey de Ilocos (the King of Ilocos)
 THE FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

 The imagination of the nation was largely absent in the aspirations of

the local revolts before Katipunan,
 The propaganda movements led by the Ilustrados like Marcelo H. del
Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Jose Rizal did not envision a total
separation of the Philippines from Spain.
 But only demanded equal rights, representation, and protection from
the abuses of the friars.
 THE FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

Katipunan created a complex structure and defined value system

that would guide the organization as a collective aspiring for a
single goal.

 Oneof the most important Katipunan documents was the

“Kartilya ng Katipunan.”
 KARTILLA-BASIC TEACHING

  Despite his youth, Bonifacio recognized

The original title of the document was
“Manga Aral Nang Katipunan ng mga the value and intellect of Jacinto that upon
A.N.B.” or “Lessons of the Organization of seeing that Jacinto’s Kartilya was much
the Sons of the Country” better than the Decalogue he wrote, he
favored that the Kartilya be distributed to
 The document was written by Emilio their fellow Katipuneros.
Jacinto in the 1896.
 Jacinto became the secretary of the
 Jacinto was only 18 years old when he organization and took charge of the short-
joined the movement. lived printing press of the Katipunan
 He was a law student at the Universidad de
Santo Tomas.
 Bonifacio wrote a Decalogue or ten commandments titled Katungkulan Gawain ng mga Anak ng
Bayan (Duties to be Observed by the Sons of the Country) to lay guidelines for good citizenship.
 The rules include love of God, love of country and one’s fellowmen; diligence in work; sharing
of one’s means with poor; punishment of scoundrels and traitors; and the guarding of the
mandates and aims of the K.K.K.
 It was Andres Bonifacio who first formulated a code and to whom the Dekalogo ng Katipunan
was attributed. But it was not published: instead, it was said that upon reading the Kartilya
drafted by Emilio Jacinto, Bonifacio decided that it was superior to his Dekalogo, and adopted it
as the official primer of the Katipunan.
 On 15 April 1897, Bonifacio appointed Jacinto as a commander of the Katipunan in Northern
Luzon. Jacinto was 22 years old.
 THE TEACHING OF KATIPUNAN
“KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN
 I. Ang buhay na hindi ginugugol sa isang matayog at banal na layunin ay
punong walang lilim, o kung hindi man ay nakalalasong damo. (Life which
is not consecrated to a lofty and sacred cause is like a tree without a
shadow, if not a poisonous weed.)
 II. Ang gawang magaling na may pagyayabang o may paghahangad na
makasarili ay hindi na tunay na kabaitan. (A good deed that springs
from a desire for personal profit and not a desire to do good is not
kindness.)
 THE TEACHING OF KATIPUNAN
“KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN
 III. Tunay na kabanalan ang pagkakawang-gawa, ang pag-ibig sa kapwa at ang
pagiging tama sa kilos, gawa, at salita. (True greatness consists in being
charitable, in loving one’s fellow men in adjusting every movement, deed, and
word to true Reason.)

 IV. Maitim man o maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng tao’y pantay-pantay;
mangyayaring ang isa’y hihigitan sa dunong, yaman, sa ganda; ngunit hindi
mahihigitan ang kanyang pagkatao. (All men are equal, be the color of their skin
black or white. One may be superior to another in knowledge, wealth and beauty
but cannot be superior in being.)
V. Mas pinahahalagahan ng taong marangal ang kanyang puri kaysa
pansariling kapakinabangan; sa taong tampalasan, inuuna ang sariling
pakinabang. (He who is noble prefers honor to personal gains; he who
is mean prefers profit to honor.)
VI. Huwag mong tignan ang babae na libangan lamang, kundi isang
katuwang at karamay sa mga kahirapan nitong buhay; gamitin mo
nang buong pagpipitagan ang kanyang (pisikal na) kahinaan, at
alalahanin ang iyong inang pinagmulan at nag-aruga sa iyong
kasanggulan. (Think not of woman as a thing merely to while away
time but as a helper and partner in the hardships of life. Respect her in
her weakness, and remember the mother who brought you into this
world and who cared for you in your childhood.)
VII. Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa. (To a man with a sense
of shame, his word is inviolate.)

VIII. Huwag mong sayangin ang panahon; ang yamang nawala ay

maibabalik; ngunit panahong nagdaan na ay di na muling
magdaraan. (Don’t fritter away time; lost riches may be recovered,
but time lost will never come again.)
 X. Ang taong matalino’y nag-iingat sa bawat sasabihin; matutong ipaglihim ang dapat
ipaglihim. (An intelligent man is he who is cautious in speech and knows how to keep the
secrets that must be guarded.)
 XI. Sa matinik na daan ng buhay, lalaki ang siyang gabay ng mga asawa’t mga anak; kung
ang umaakay ay tungo sa masama, sa kasamaan din hahantong ang inaakay. (In the thorny
part of life, man is the guide of his wife and children; if he who guides moves toward evil,
they who are guided likewise move toward evil.)
 XII. Ang hindi mo ibig gawin sa iyong asawa, anak, at kapatid ay huwag mong gagawin sa
asawa, anak, at kapatid ng iyong kapwa. (What do you not want done to your wife, daughter,
and sister, do not do to the wife, daughter, and sister of another.)
 makikita sa pagiging hari ang halaga ng tao, hindi rin sa tangos ng ilong at puti ng mukha, ni sa
pagiging pari na kinatawan ng Diyos, hindi sa taas ng katayuan sa lipunan; totoong tao at
mataas na uri, siyang laking gubat at walang nababatid kundi sariling wika, yaong may
magandang asal, may isang salita, may dangal at puri, yaong hindi nagpapaapi at hindi nang-
aapi; yaong marunong magmahal at magmalasakit sa bayang kanyang sinilangan. (A man’s
worth does not come from him being a king, or in the height of his nose and the whiteness of
his face, or in him being a priest, a representative of God, or in his exalted position on the face
on this earth. Pure and truly noble is he who, though born in the forest and able to speak only
his own tongue, behaves decently, is true to his word, has dignity and honor, who is not an
oppressor, who knows how to cherish and look after the land of his birth.)
 XIV. Sa paglaganap ng mga aral na ito, maningning na sisikat at sasabog ang matamis na
liwanag ng araw ng kalayaan dito sa abang kapuluan ng nagkaisang magkakalahi’t
magkakapatid, ang mga ginugol na buhay, pagod, at mga tiniis na kahirapa’y labis nang
matutumbasan. Kapag napag-aralan na ang lahat ng ito, at naniwala siyang kaya nang gawin
ang mga magiging tungkulin, maaari nang punan ang pormularyo ng pagsapi. (When these
doctrines spread and the Sun of beloved liberty shines with brilliant effulgence in this
unhappy isles and sheds its soft rays upon the united people and brothers in everlasting
happiness, the lives, labors, and sufferings of those who are gone shall be more than
recompensed.)
 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS (SAQ)/ ACTIVITY 2
 Name: ­________________________________________Date: _________________
 Course/Block: _________________________________Schedule: _______________
 Essay (10 points each)

 1. How would you describe the Kartilya in terms of its form/writing style and
content? What are the main teachings and how are they presented?
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 2. Why can the Kartilya be considered timeless and relevant to the industrializing and globalizing
present?
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 3. As a student, how will you embody the main teachings and guiding principles of the
Kartilya? Concretize your answer and cite specific lines from the document.
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