Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TOEFL
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22
SECTION 1
LISTENING
COMPREHENSION
SECTION
WAKTU
: 01 LISTENING
: 40 MENIT
JUMLAH SOAL : 50
In this section of the test, you will have an 1. (A) Spend more time working on calculus
opportunity to demonstrate your ability to problems.
understand conversations and talks in English. (B) Talk to an advisor about dropping the
There are three parts to this section with special course.
directions for each part. Answer all the questions (C) Work on the assignment with a
on the basis of what is stated or implied by the classmate.
speakers in this test. When you take the actual (D) Ask the graduate assistant for help.
TOEFL test, you will not be allowed to take notes
or write in your test book. 2. (A) Go home to get a book.
(B) Return a book to the library.
PART A
(C) Pick up a book at the library for the
woman.
DIRECTIONS
In Part A, you will hear short conversations (D) Ask the librarian for help in finding a
between two people. After each conversation, you book.
will hear a question about the conversation. The
conversations and questions will not be repeated. 3. (A) The woman could use his metric ruler.
After you hear a question, read the four possible (B) He’ll finish taking the measurements
answers in your test book and choose the best for the woman.
answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the (C) The woman’s ruler is better than his.
number of the question and fill in the space that (D) He’s faster at making the conversions
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have than the woman.
chosen.
18. (A) Karen can drive to the airport on 24. (A) His house can accommodate a meeting of
Tuesday. the entire committee.
(B) Karen can attend the meeting on
(B) The woman should find out when the
Tuesday. meeting starts.
(C) Karen had to change her plans at the last (C) The meeting should be held at the library.
minute.
(D) A smaller committee should be formed.
(D) Karen is returning from a trip on
Tuesday.
25. (A) She doesn’t have time to collect the data.
(B) She prefers to wait until after the
19. (A) Call her after five.
election.
(B) Make calls from her phone.
(C) She needs to decide on a method soon.
(C) Go to the meeting with her. (D) She’ll send out the questionnaire in a
(D) Fix her phone. month.
20. (A) Look for more information for their 26. (A) He’s angry with the woman,
financial plan. (B) He feels sick.
(B) Ask for more time to finish their financial (C) He doesn’t get along well with some
plan. people.
(C) Finish their financial plan with the (D) He prefers to study alone.
material available to them.
(D) Turn in their financial plan late. 27. (A) It provides reading material for people
waiting to get in.
21. (A) He doesn’t want to drive anymore. (B) He had to wait a long time for a seat
(B) The road to Bridgeport just opened. there.
(C) It doesn’t take long to get to Bridgeport. (C) He wasn’t able to find a seat there.
(D) He has memorized every part of the (D) The seats used there are uncomfortable.
drive.
5
28. (A) Students still have time to apply for a loan. 31. (A) They’re classmates.
(B) Students must wait until next month to (B) They’re roommates.
submit loan applications.
(C) They’re cousins.
(C) The woman should find out whether
(D) They’re lab partners.
her loan application was accepted.
(D) The woman should ask for an extension on
32. (A) He couldn’t decide on a topic for his paper.
the application deadline.
(B) He thought his paper was late.
(C) He hadn’t heard from his family in a
29. (A) The casserole usually contains fewer
while.
vegetables.
(D) He thought the woman had been ill.
(B) She wishes she hadn’t ordered the
casserole
33. (A) To find their way back to the nest.
(C) The cafeteria usually uses canned
(B) To locate plant fibers.
vegetables.
(D) She doesn’t usually eat in the cafeteria, (C) To identify kinds of honey.
(D) To identify relatives.
30. (A) Stay in the dormitory.
34. (A) Visit his parents.
(B) Find out the cost of living in the
dormitory. (B) Write a paper.
(C) Ask for a reduction in her rent. (C) Observe how bees build nests
(D) Move into an apartment with a (D) Plan a family reunion.
roommate.
35. (A) An alternative use of fuel oil.
(B) A way to make fuel oil less polluting.
PART B (C) A new method for locating underground
oil.
DIRECTIONS (D) A new source of fuel oil
In Part B, you will hear longer conversations. After
each conversation, you will be asked some 36. (A) She was doing research for a paper on it
questions. The conversations and questions will be (B) She read a newspaper article about it.
spoken just one time. They will not be written out (C) She was told about it by her roommate.
for you, so you will have to listen carefully in order
(D) She heard about it in class.
to understand and remember what the speaker says.
When you hear a question, read the four possible
37. (A) To produce a gas containing carbon
answers in your test book and decide which one
and hydrogen.
would be the best answer to the question you have
(B) To remove impurities from methanol.
heard. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number
(C) To heat the reactors
of the problem and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have (D) To prevent dangerous gases from
chosen. forming
6
38. (A) It hasn’t been fully tested. 41. (A) The director is of African ancestry.
(B) It’s quite expensive. (B) The director wanted the songs in the
(C) It uses up scarce minerals. Broadway version to be identical to the
(D) The gas it produces is harmful to the songs in the film.
environment. (C) The Broadway version was first performed
in Africa.
(D) The story takes place in Africa.
PART C
42. (A) A type of music that originated in
DIRECTIONS Indonesia.
In Part C, you will hear several talks. After each
(B) The meaning of non-English words used
talk, you will be asked some questions. The talks
in a song
and questions will be spoken just one time. They
(C) The plot of The Lion King
will not be written out for you, so you will have to
(D) Popular rock and jazz music performed in
listen carefully in order to understand and
remember what the speaker says.
43. (A) How ancient philosophers measured the
When you hear a question, read the four possible
distance between heavenly bodies.
answers in your test book and decide which one
would be the best answer to the question you have (B) How ancient philosophers explained the
heard. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number cause of an eclipse of the Moon.
of the problem and fill in the space that (C) Why ancient philosophers thought the
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have Earth was a sphere.
chosen (D) Why ancient philosophers thought the
Earth moved around the Sun.
39. (A) The influence of European popular
music on non-Western music. 44. (A) How the natural world was described in
(B) The musical background of the director of Greek mythology.
the Broadway version of The Lion King (B) What they observed directly.
(C) The types of music used in the Broadway (C) The writings of philosophers from other
version of The Lion King. societies.
(D) Differences between the music of the film (D) Measurements made with scientific
version and the Broadway version of The instruments.
Lion King.
45. (A) They noticed an apparent change in the
40. (A) It was performed by the Zulu people of position of the North Star.
South Africa. (B) They observed eclipses at different times
(B) It developed outside the musical of the year.
traditions of Europe. (C) They were the first to estimate the
(C) It’s familiar to most audiences in the distance between heavenly bodies.
United States. (D) They wanted to prove that the Earth
(D) The students heard it performed in New was flat.
York City.
7
46. (A) A place for making astronomical
observations.
49. (A) They talked to one of Peary’s
(B) An instrument used for observing stars. companions.
(C) A unit of measurement. (B) They interviewed Peary.
(D) The North Star. (C) They conducted a computer analysis of
photographs.
47. (A) One of the students asked him about it in (D) They examined Peary’s navigation tools,
the previous class.
(B) He read about it the previous day. 50. (A) Dr. Cook’s expedition.
(C) He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock’s (B) The conclusions of the Navigation
travel log Foundation.
(D) The students were required to read about (C) Exploration of the Equator.
it for that day’s class (D) Exploration of the South Pole.
READING COMPREHENSIO
Time:Approximately 55 minutes (50 questions) Now set your clock for 55 minutes
DIRECTIONS
In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it, For this section, you are to ch
As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly impor
Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well a
One of the reasons Philadelphia’s merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendo
Line (5)
(10)
(15)
(20)
14
1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) on the same day as market says
(A) Philadelphia’s agriculture importance (B) as often as possible
(B) Philadelphia’s development as a (C) a couple of times a year
marketing center (D) whenever the government allowed it
(C) The sale of imported goods in
Philadelphia 7. It can be inferred that the author mentions
(D) The administration of the city of “Linens and stockings” in line 12 to show that
Philadelphia they were items that
(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell
2. It can be inferred from the passage that new
(B) were not available in the stores in
markets opened in Philadelphia because
Philadelphia
(A) they provided more modem facilities than (C) were more popular in Germantown man in
older markets Philadelphia
(B) the High Street Market was forced to (D) could easily be transported
close
(C) existing markets were unable to serve the 8. The word “eradicate” in line 16 is closest in
growing population meaning to
(D) farmers wanted markets that were closer (A) eliminate
to the farms.
(B) exploit
(C) organize
3. The word “hinterland “ in line 3 is closest in
meaning to (D) operate
Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned
how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look
Line for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates. When
(5) parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the nest are
controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird’s skin to the top portion of the
eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This
temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can
contribute to this temperature gradient. Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt
(10) are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material.
Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom
sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the
water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is
heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation
(15) environment.
In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of
parrots and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators
heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird’s method of
natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching
(20) chicks. When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes
outdoors to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become
cold after eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting
material to act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the
wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a
point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be
protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the
growing embryo. Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both
extreme temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft,
secure place to rest.
11. What is the main idea of the passage? 12. The word “They” in line 2 refers to
(A) Nesting material varies according to the (A) aviculturists
parrots’ environment.
(B) birds
(B) Humidity is an important factor in
(C) eggs
incubating parrots’ eggs.
(D) rates
(C) Aviculturists have constructed the ideal
nest box for parrots.
13. According to paragraph 2, when the
(D) Wild parrots’ nests provide information
temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg
useful for artificial incubation.
are cooler than the top, then
16
(A) there may be a good chance for (C) hang
successful incubation
(D) move
(B) the embryo will not develop normally
(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a
18. The word “fatal” in line 25 is closest in
new position.
meaning to
(D) the incubation process is slowed down
(A) close
(B) deadly
14. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt
are used to (C) natural
(D) hot
(A) soften the bottom of the nest for the
newly hatched chick
19. The word “secure” in line 27 is closest in
(B) hold the nest together
meaning to
(C) help lower the temperature at the
bottom of the nest (A) fresh
(D) make the nest bigger (B) dim
(C) safe
15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of (D) warm
the nest allows water to
(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in 20. According to paragraph 2, a deep
the nest foundation of nesting material provides
(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the (A) a constant source of humidity
nest (B) a strong nest box
(C) keep the nest in a clean condition (C) more room for newly hatched chicks
(D) touch the bottom of the eggs (D) protection against cold weather
16. All of the following are part of a parrot’s 21. Which of the following is a problem with
incubation method EXCEPT commercial incubators?
(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the (A) They lack the natural temperature
bottom of the nest changes of the outdoors.
(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom (B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly
of the nest (C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the
(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top same way the parent bird does.
of the eggshell (D) They are expensive to operate.
(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the
eggshell 22. Which of the following terms is defined in
the passage?
17. The word “suspend” in line 19 is closest in
(A) Aviculturists (line I)
meaning to
(B) Gradient (line 8)
(A) build (C) Incubation (line 15)
(B) paint (D) Embryo (line 24)
17
Questions 23-33
The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most
In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of sod and squeezing the damp soil into thre
Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens bui
Line
(5)
(10)
(15)
(20)
23. What does the passage mainly discuss? 25. The phrase “sorted out” in line 5 is closest in
(A) Characteristics of high quality soil meaning to
(B) Particles typically found in most soils (A) mixed
(C) How a high clay content affects the (B) replaced
texture of soil (C) carried
(D) Ways to determine the texture of soil (D) separated
24. The author mentions “several representative 26. It can be inferred that the names of the three
handrails” in line 4 in order to show basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect
(A) the range of soil samples (A) the way the soil is extracted
(B) the process by which soil is weighed (B) the results of squeezing the soil
(C) the requirements for an adequate soil (C) the need to check more than one handful
sample
(D) the difficulty of forming different shapes
(D) how small soil particles are
18
27. The word “dampened” in line 15 is closest in (A) using the sieve takes less time
meaning to
(B) the sieve can measure clay
(A) damaged (C) less training is required to use the sieve
(B) stretched (D) the sieve allows for a more exact
(C) moistened measure
(D) examined
31. During the procedure described in paragraph 3,
28. Which of the following can be inferred from when clay particles are placed into water they
the passage about a soil sample with little or (A) stick to the sides of the water container
no clay in it?
(B) take some time to sink to the bottom
(A) It is not very heavy. (C) separate into different sizes
(B) It may not hold its shape when molded. (D) dissolve quickly
(C) Its shape is durable
(D) Its texture cannot be classified 32. The word “fine” in line 24 is closest in
meaning to
29. The word “they” in line 23 refers to (A) tiny
(A) categories (B) many
(B) sieves (C) excellent
(C) larger particles (D) various
(D) clay particles
33. All of the following words are defined in the
30. It can be inferred from the passage that the passage EXCEPT
sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand (A) texture (line 3)
test in determining soil texture because
(B) ribbon (line 11)
(C) sediment sieves (line 19)
(D) evaporated (line 27)
19
Questions 34-43
A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker.
The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by
Line use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized
(5) communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through
choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by
the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are
flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the
utterance. When speaking before a group, a person’s tone may indicate unsureness or
(10) fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and
feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the conversant’s
tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of
concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are .usually
discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication
(15) that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /
or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the
music, in combination with the performer’s skills, personality, and ability to create
empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.
Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person’s self-image, perception
(20) of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that
is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few
personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person,
for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker
perceives the listener’s receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation
can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the
speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the
happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities
of the depressed.
34. What does the passage mainly discuss? (B) The tone of voice can carry information
(A) The function of the voice in performance beyond the meaning of words.
(B) The connection between voice and (C) A high tone of voice reflects an
personality emotional communication.
(C) Communication styles (D) Feelings are more difficult to express
(D) The production of speech than ideas.
35. What does the author mean by stating that “At 36. The word “Here” in line 10 refers to
interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and (A) interpersonal interactions
feelings over and above the words chosen” (B) the tone
(lines 9-10)?
(C) ideas and feelings
(A) Feelings are expressed with different (D) words chosen
words than ideas are.
20
37. The word “derived” in line 15 is closest in 40. According to the passage, an overconfident
meaning to front may hide
(A) discussed (A) hostility
(B) prepared (B) shyness
(C) registered (C) friendliness
(D) obtained (D) strength
38. Why does the author mention “artistic, 41. The word “drastically” in line 24 is closest in
political, or pedagogic communication” in line meaning to
17?
(A) frequently
(A) As examples of public performance
(B) exactly
(B) As examples of basic styles of
(C) severely
communication
(D) easily
(C) To contrast them to singing
(D) To introduce the idea of self-image
42. The word “evidenced” in line 25 is closest in
meaning to
39. According to the passage, an exuberant tone of
voice, may be an indication of a person’s (A) questioned
(B) repeated
(A) general physical health
(C) indicated
(B) personality
(D) exaggerated
(C) ability to communicate
(D) vocal quality
43. According to the passage, what does a
constricted and harsh voice indicate?
(A) Lethargy
(B) Depression
(C) Boredom
(D) Anger
21
Questions 44-50
44. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one 45. The word “means” in line 6 is closest in
important factor in the increasing importance meaning to
of education in the United States was
(A) advantages
(A) the growing number of schools in
(B) probability
frontier communities
(C) method
(B) an increase in the number of trained
(D) qualifications
teachers
(C) the expanding economic problems of
schools 46. The phrase “coincided with” in line 9 is
closest in meaning to
(D) the increased urbanization of the entire
country (A) was influenced by
(B) happened at the same time as
(C) began to grow rapidly
(D) ensured the success of
22
47. According to the passage, one important 49. According to the passage, early-twentieth
change in United States education by the century education reformers believed that
1920’s was that
(A) different groups needed different kinds of
(A) most places required children to attend education
school
(B) special programs should be set up in
(B) the amount of time spent on formal frontier communities to modernize them
education was limited
(C) corporations and other organizations
(C) new regulations were imposed on damaged educational progress
nontraditional education
(D) more women should be involved in
(D) adults and children studied in the same education and industry
classes
kUncI jAWABAn
Section 1 Section 2 Section 3
Listening Comprehension Structure and Written Expression Reading Comprehension
1 D 26 B 1 B 21 A 1 B 26 B
2 B 27 B 2 A 22 B 2 C 27 C
3 A 28 A 3 C 23 D 3 D 28 B
4 D 29 C 4 B 24 C 4 C 29 B
5 B 30 A 5 B 25 C 5 D 30 D
6 C 31 A 6 C 26 C 6 C 31 B
7 D 32 B 7 C 27 B 7 B 32 A
8 A 33 D 8 A 28 C 8 A 33 D
9 B 34 B 9 D 29 D 9 B 34 B
10 D 35 D 10 D 30 D 10 B 35 B
11 D 36 D 11 C 31 C 11 D 36 A
12 D 37 A 12 B 32 A 12 A 37 D
13 B 38 B 13 B 33 A 13 A 38 A
14 D 39 C 14 C 34 D 14 C 39 B
15 A 40 B 15 D 35 B 15 A 40 B
16 A 41 D 16 D 36 D 16 D 41 C
17 D 42 A 17 B 37 B 17 C 42 C
18 A 43 C 18 B 38 B 18 B 43 D
19 B 44 B 19 D 39 D 19 C 44 D
20 C 45 A 20 B 40 D 20 D 45 C
21 D 46 C 21 C 46 B
22 C 47 A 22 A 47 A
23 B 48 D 23 D 48 D
24 C 49 C 24 A 49 A
25 C 50 D 25 D 50 C
24
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