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The Journey Through Education and Employment

What influences an individual's education and employment outcomes?


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IMMIGRANT
IMMIGRANT BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
PARENTS'
PARENTS' EDUCATION
EDUCATION GENDER
GENDER AND
AND COUNTRY
COUNTRY OF
OF BIRTH
BIRTH
The Journey Through Education and Employment
BELOW UPPER
SECONDARY
Employment rate Educational attainment
among 25-64 year-olds whose parents
among women, men and foreign-born had not completed upper secondary
education (2012 or 2015)
individuals who leave school before
completing upper secondary education Below upper
37% secondary

Men Foreign
born 14% Upper secondary – general

Upper secondary –
32% vocational
Women
Tertiary
21%

68% 60%
25-64
year-olds 25-64
47% year-olds
25-64
year-olds
The Journey Through Education and Employment

TEACHERS’ Male teachers earn less than female teachers


EARNINGS relative to tertiary-educated men and women,
although school heads earn significantly more
Relative earnings of lower secondary teachers
and school heads compared to other full-time
tertiary-educated workers
150%

100%

Female teachers
Male teachers

School heads
50%

0%
The Journey Through Education and Employment
Salaries
UPPER SECONDARY Employment rate Those who
completed upper
among women, men and foreign-born individuals secondary
Repeaters who completed upper secondary education education earn
Men
4% 58% Foreign
born
65%
Women as much as
repeat a grade in of them
tertiary-educated
upper secondary are boys
workers
general
programmes

82%
68%
25-64
year-olds
72%
25-64
25-64 year-olds
year-olds
The Journey Through Education and Employment
Who is likely to participate in tertiary education?

Young men are less Young adults without First- and


likely than women to tertiary-educated second-generation
earn a tertiary degree parents represent immigrants are
almost two-thirds of all under-represented
18-24 year-olds but less among new entrants to
than half of new entrants tertiary education
into higher education

50% 38%

47% 65%

Population New entrants


The Journey Through Education and Employment
TERTIARY Employment rate
among tertiary-educated women, men and
Salaries foreign-born individuals
of those with tertiary
Men
education Foreign
Women born

Tertiary-educated 89%
women earn
26% less than 81% 25-64
year-olds
78%
tertiary-educated men 25-64 25-64
year-olds year-olds
The Journey Through Education and Employment
Tuition fees and
A significant share of total
financial aid spending on tertiary education
USD 2 364 is privately funded
Average annual tuition fee for
a bachelor’s degree pre-primary school

More than 75% of students


83% 17%

in countries with the highest primary, secondary,


tuition fees benefit from post-secondary non-tertiary
financial aid 91% 9%

tertiary education
69% 31%

public + international private


The Journey Through Education and Employment
Learn more in Education at a Glance 2018
www.oecd.org/education/education-at-a-glance

Follow the OECD Directorate for Education and Skills on

https://twitter.com/OECDEduSkills

https://www.facebook.com/OECDEduSkills

https://www.youtube.com/user/EDUContact

www.oecd.org/education

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