© FCA Italy – all rights reserved

Measure is the second of the 5 DMAIC steps

Improve Control
Define Measure
Measure Analyze Design Verify

Measure

v During the Measure phase we go deeply inside the project

v In this phase the “Sigma” of the process is determined.

We measure the “capability” of the process!

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 2

 Measure Goals and contents

v To understand how to use the data (continuous or discrete)

Goals to characterize the process capability in “Z” value
v To understand the concept of measure variation
v To understand how to assess the measurement system
accuracy and precision

Contents v ZST e ZLT

v Characteristics of measurement system

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 3

Input & Output

Input Output
ü Boundaries of the Project ü DPU and / or DPMO
ü Detailed definition of the ü ZST and ZLT
defect ü Control vs. Technology
ü Examination of benefits Plot
ü Team composition Measure ü Measurement System
ü Product Tree Analysis
ü Process Map

The measurement of defects identifies

Process Performance

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 4

Measure – Development path

Analyze Collect Data Analyze data Control vs. Technology

poor 3

Measurement Control and

Technology to be
Technology OK
Control to be

System Improved imrpoved

Control
ZShift
1,5
Control OK World
Technology to be class
improved 6S Area

good 00 3 6
poor ZST good
Technology

Do not skip steps!

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 5
Evaluate the Process

v The customer requests the supply of products or services that

satisfy his requirements (CTQ).
v Defect is anything that causes customer dissatisfaction !

v Collection of data on the process and on product characteristics

allows us to:
– Measure process performance
– Analyze defect causes
– Improve our process
– Monitor and control process output

Data collection enables us to better understand the process !

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 6

Data types

The performance of the process is measured using one of the 3 listed

methods

Mathematically
You have this
When you can: modeled
data type:
by this distribution
Classify Defectives (Attribute) Binomial

Count Defects (Attribute) Poisson

Measure Continuous (Variable) Normale

The type of data collected determines which Six Sigma instrument should be
applied to the project

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 7

Control/Technology

Poor 3
Control (difference between short and long term capability)

Control to be improved Technology OK

Technology to be improved Control to be improved
ZShift

1,5

Control OK World class

Technology to be improved
6s Area
0
Good 0 3 6
Poor ZST Good
Technology (short term capability)

The Control/Technology plot identifies the type of problem

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 8

Influence of Measurement System

Inaccuracy in the measurement system can alter the results of the process

L.S.L. U.S.L. Precision of

measurement
Real output of
process Measured Process
Output

Observed defects
Real defects

Real defects

Validation of the measurement system is fundamental in order to

guarantee reliable results

© FCA Italy – all rights reserved EN200 – Measure Objectives.ppt 9