GROUP MEMBERS

GAS 11-C

SAYCON, MACEDA, COLINA, ALOTA,

RAMGEL MARICAR MOONYEEN ANGELICA
B. A. S. S.
UNIT 3-
ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
The Process of Communication
What is Process of Communication?
is a two-way process wherein the
message in the form of ideas,
thoughts, feelings, opinions is
transmitted between two or more
persons with the intent of creating
a shared understanding.
The Process of Communication
Why is Communication a Process?
JOSEPH A. DEVITO 1980
Communication is a process to emphasize that
is always changing in motion.
JOHN R. ANDERSON 1987
It is a series of action that has neither beginning
nor end, something evolving or dynamic.
Communication Process
Communication
Process
Sender
Message
Channel
Barriers
Feedback
Sender
A person who encodes
and sends the message
to the expected
receiver through an
appropriate channel.
Message
Is the content of A message is
communication and defined as
may contain verbal information
and nonverbal. conveyed by words.
(In speak or even
writing)
CHANNEL
Is a medium Several channels can be
through which a used to send or receive
message is sent the message either
seeing,
or received hearing,touching,smelling
between two or and tasting.
more people.
BARRIERS /NOISE
Are things that get in the
way of a message being
received.
A. Various meaning of Noise
anything that interferes with the communication
process between a speaker and an audience.
1. Distraction 2. Difference in the
-lack of ability to pay
attention. There is no
use of code.
physical noise you can You are Illocano and the other
hear his/her voice but you one is Bicolano. Nothing
didn't decode it. prevents you from reaching
the message, you just simply
can't understand.
A. Various meaning of
Noise
3. Emphasize 4. Attitude towards
-Emphasizing the
wrong part of the
the sender.
message can be a -The person's attitude
barrier in toward the receiver and the
communication. environment changes the
meaning and effect of the
message.
B. Physical Noise
Creates distortion of the message and prevents it
from being understand the way it was intended.
EXAMPLES
1. Loud music 2. Loud Vehicle 3. A person is too
angry or fearful
to listen what
another individual
is saying.
FEEDBACK/
RESPONSE
 This ensures the receiver
has received the
message and interpreted
correctly as it was
intended by the sender. It
increases the
effectiveness of the
communication as it
permits the sender to
know the efficacy of his
message.
COMMUNICATION
MODELS
 Is a systematic
representation of
the process which
helps in
understanding how
communication
works can be done
Communication
Models
SHANNON AND WEAVER
MU CONSTRUCTIVIST MODEL
SCHRAMM MODEL
DANCE MODEL
BERLO MODEL
 1. SHANNON
AND WEAVER
a mathematical theory
of communication that
argues that human
communication
 Shannon and Weavers' communication
model clearly demonstrates why even
the most basic forms of communication
can be misread or misinterpreted.
Sending signals with so many
intricacies increases the risk of
meaning being twisted.
A Information source which
produces a message.
A Transmitter which encodes the
message into signals.
A Channel which signal are
adapted for transmission.
A Receiver which decodes the
message from the signals.
A Destination where the message
arrives.
EXAMPLE:

Brain might be the sender, mouth is the

encoder which encodes to a particular
language, air might be the channel ,
another person's ear might be the
receptor and his brain might be the
decoder and receiver
2. MU CONSTRUCTIVIST
MODEL
Mutual Understanding Theory
Write Your Topic or Idea
 A theory that seeks
to explain
individual
differences in
peoples ability to
communicate
skillfully in social
situations.
Is a modified version
of the schramm model
that emphasizes a
common area of
experience.
EXAMPLE:
If the child who has a conceptual
framework for cars suddenly sees a truck,
he may think at first that it is also a
car. But then he realizes that there are
differences and the truck does not fit
into his classification framework. He has
to develop a new framework to fit trucks.
3. SCHRAMM MODEL
 Is the concept of field experience.
Every individual communicator has
previous and present experience that
helps him relate to other
communicators, which is assumed here.
These encounters establish a
reservoir of knowledge from which he
derives meaning at any point of
conversation
 In other words

the communication is incomplete

unless and until the sender
receives a feedback from the
recipient.
EXAMPLE:
You haven't talked to your best friend in a
while so you decide to call her on your
drive home from work. You take turns
updating each other on your weekend, what
you have planned for the summer, and how
members of your respective families are
doing. When you hang up, you promise to chat
again soon.
4. DANCE MODEL
Write Your Topic or Idea
 The Dance Model resembles a
helix, indicating that each
interaction in a communication
affects each of the
participants and, as a result,
has an impact on what happens
next.
EXAMPLE: A BABY
Dance explains his helical model with the
example of a person learning throughout
their life cycle. They start early on with
very rudimentary communication methods.
They may cry at their mother to get her
attention, then, later they might learn to
speak in single words, then full
sentences, and so on.
5. BERLO MODEL
Write Your Topic or Idea
 David Berlo’s SMCR Model of
Communication represents the
process of communication in
its simplest form. The acronym
SMCR stands for Sender,
Message, Channel, and
Receiver.
Components of Berlo’s SMCR
Model of Communication
 SENDER
The sender of the message is the
source who creates and sends the
message to the receiver. The
source is the start of the
communication process and is the
person who encodes the
message.
COMMUNICATION SKILL

Communication skills include:

reading, listening, speaking etc.
 ATTITUDE
One’s attitude in relationship to
the audience, receiver and
subject changes the meaning and
consequence of the message.ing
etc.
 KNOWLEDGE.
Familiarity with the subject of the
message makes communication
more effective.
SOCIAL SYSTEM
Values, beliefs, religion and rules
influence the way in which the
sender communicates the
message, alongside location and
circumstances.
CULTURE
Cultural differences may result in
the message being interpreted
differently.
 MESSAGE
The message is the package of
information or meaning that is
sent from sender to receiver. The
message can be sent in various
forms, such as audio, speech, text,
video or other media.
 CONTENT
The content of the message from
beginning to end.
TREATMENT
Treatment refers to the way in
which the message is sent, the
message’s packaging.
CODE
The code of the message is the
form in which the message is
sent. This may include text,
language, video, gestures, music,
etc.
 CHANNEL
The channel is the medium
used to send the message.
The medium must be able
to be picked up by the Hearing
sensory system of the Seeing
receiver and may Touching
Smelling
therefore involve vision, Tasting
sound, smell, taste or
touch. Humans have the
following senses
 RECEIVER
The receiver is the person who
receives and subsequently
decodes the coded message. In a
linear communication process,
the receiver is always located at
the end.
COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN
Write Your Topic or Idea
 is defined as a failure
to exchange
information resulting
in a lack of
communication.
 Misunderstanding,
miscommunication, or, to put it
another way, something comes
in the way of the communication
process, causing the transaction
to fail.
Don Morlan and George Tuttle "
" communication breakdown
is a failure of the human
communication system".
EXAMPLE
A member of staff making a mistake due to
miscommunication or not enough
information given in training.
Two members of staff doing the same task
and not realising.
A colleague not treating a client correctly.
Thank you!