Michael pogi

Balancing
1. 2 C + O2 = 2 CO
2. 2 CO + O2 = 2 CO2
3. H2 + Br2 = 2 HBr
4. 2 K + 2 H2O = 2 KOH + H2
5. 2 Mg + 02 = 2 MgO
6. 2 03 = 3 02
7. 2 H2O2 = 2 H2O + O2
8. N2 + 6 H = 2 NH3
9. Zn + 2 AgCl = ZnCl2 + 2 Ag
10.S8 + 8 O2 = 8 SO2
11.2 NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
12.Cl2 + 2 NaI = 2 NaCl + I2
13.3 KOH + H3PO4 = K3PO4 + 3 H2O
14.CH4 + 4 Br2 = CBr4 + 4 HBr
15.2 N2O5 = 2 N2O4 + O2
16.2 KNO3 = 2 KNO2 + O2
17.NH4NO3 = N2O + 2 H2O
18.NH4NO2 = N2 + 2 H2O
19.2 NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
20.P4O10 + 6 H2O = 4 H3PO4

Percent Composition
1. Toothpaste contains an active ingredient, the sodium fluoride, NaF. Calculate
the percentage composition of NaF.
2. Determine the percent composition of (NH4)2SO4.
3. How many grams of Na are contained in 25 g NaNO3.
Answer:
Percentage composition of NaF: 54.8% Na, 45.2% F
Percentage composition of (NH4)2SO4: 21.2% N, 6.08% H, 24.3% S, 48.4% O
Mass of Na in 25 g of NaNO3: 25.0 grams

Explanation:
1. To calculate the percentage composition of NaF, we need to determine the
molar mass of NaF and then find the percentage of each element within it.

The molar mass of NaF can be calculated as follows:

Molar mass of NaF = atomic mass of Na + atomic mass of F
= (22.99 g/mol) + (18.998 g/mol)
= 41.99 g/mol

Now, let's find the percentage composition of Na and F in NaF:

Percentage of Na = (atomic mass of Na / molar mass of NaF) x 100%
= (22.99 g/mol / 41.99 g/mol) x 100%
= 54.8%

Percentage of F = (atomic mass of F / molar mass of NaF) x 100%

= (18.998 g/mol / 41.99 g/mol) x 100%
= 45.2%
Therefore, the percentage composition of NaF is approximately 54.8% Na and
45.2% F.

2. To determine the percent composition of (NH4)2SO4, we need to calculate the

molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 and then find the percentage of each element.

The molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 can be calculated as follows:

Molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 = (2 x atomic mass of N) + (8 x atomic mass of H) +
atomic mass of S + (4 x atomic mass of O)
= (2 x 14.01 g/mol) + (8 x 1.008 g/mol) + 32.06 g/mol + (4 x 16.00
g/mol)
= 132.14 g/mol

Now, let's find the percentage composition of N, H, S, and O in (NH4)2SO4:

Percentage of N = (2 x atomic mass of N / molar mass of (NH4)2SO4) x 100%
= (2 x 14.01 g/mol / 132.14 g/mol) x 100%
= 21.2%

Percentage of H = (8 x atomic mass of H / molar mass of (NH4)2SO4) x 100%

= (8 x 1.008 g/mol / 132.14 g/mol) x 100%
= 6.08%

Percentage of S = (atomic mass of S / molar mass of (NH4)2SO4) x 100%

= (32.06 g/mol / 132.14 g/mol) x 100%
= 24.3%
Percentage of O = (4 x atomic mass of O / molar mass of (NH4)2SO4) x 100%
= (4 x 16.00 g/mol / 132.14 g/mol) x 100%
= 48.4%

Therefore, the percentage composition of (NH4)2SO4 is approximately 21.2% N,

6.08% H, 24.3% S, and 48.4% O.

3. To determine the number of grams of Na contained in 25 g of NaNO3, we need

to consider the molar mass of NaNO3 and the molar mass of Na.

The molar mass of NaNO3 can be calculated as follows:

Molar mass of NaNO3 = atomic mass of Na + (atomic mass of N + (3 x atomic mass
of O))
= 22.99 g/mol + (14.

01 g/mol + (3 x 16.00 g/mol))

= 85.00 g/mol

To find the number of moles of Na in 25 g of NaNO3, we can use the molar mass
of Na:
Number of moles of Na = Mass of Na / molar mass of Na
= 25 g / 22.99 g/mol
= 1.09 mol

Finally, to calculate the mass of Na, we multiply the number of moles of Na by the
molar mass of Na:
Mass of Na = Number of moles of Na x molar mass of Na
= 1.09 mol x 22.99 g/mol
= 25.0 g

Therefore, there are 25.0 grams of Na contained in 25 g of NaNO3.

Empirical and Molecular Formula

1. What is the empirical formula of a compound that is 53.73% Fe and 46.27% S?
2. The molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol. Glucose is 40.03% C, 6.67% H, and
53.3%0.
Calculate its molecular formula.

Answer:
Empirical formula of compound: Fe2S3
Molecular formula of glucose: C6H12O6

Explanation:
1. To determine the empirical formula of a compound given the percentage
composition of its elements, we need to convert the percentages to moles and
find the simplest whole-number ratio between the elements.

Given:
Percentage of Fe = 53.73%
Percentage of S = 46.27%

Step 1: Convert the percentages to moles.

Assume we have 100 grams of the compound, which allows us to directly convert
the percentages to grams.

Mass of Fe = 53.73 g
Mass of S = 46.27 g

Now, we can calculate the number of moles for each element using their molar
masses:
Molar mass of Fe = 55.85 g/mol
Molar mass of S = 32.06 g/mol

Number of moles of Fe = Mass of Fe / Molar mass of Fe

= 53.73 g / 55.85 g/mol
= 0.961 mol

Number of moles of S = Mass of S / Molar mass of S

= 46.27 g / 32.06 g/mol
= 1.443 mol

Step 2: Find the simplest whole-number ratio.

Divide both moles by the smallest value (0.961) to obtain the simplest ratio:
Number of moles of Fe / 0.961 = 0.961 mol / 0.961 mol = 1 mol
Number of moles of S / 0.961 = 1.443 mol / 0.961 mol = 1.5 mol

The simplest whole-number ratio is approximately 1:1.5, which can be multiplied

by 2 to obtain whole numbers:

Empirical formula = Fe2S3

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is Fe2S3.

2. Given:
Molar mass of glucose = 180 g/mol
Percentage of C = 40.03%
Percentage of H = 6.67%
Percentage of O = 53.3%

Step 1: Convert the percentages to moles.

Assume we have 100 grams of glucose to directly convert the percentages to
grams.

Mass of C = 40.03 g
Mass of H = 6.67 g
Mass of O = 53.3 g
Now, we can calculate the number of moles for each element using their molar
masses:
Molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol
Molar mass of H = 1.008 g/mol
Molar mass of O = 16.00 g/mol

Number of moles of C = Mass of C / Molar mass of C

= 40.03 g / 12.01 g/mol
= 3.33 mol

Number of moles of H = Mass of H / Molar mass of H

= 6.67 g / 1.008 g/mol
= 6.61 mol

Number of moles of O = Mass of O / Molar mass of O

= 53.3 g / 16.00 g/mol
= 3.33 mol

Step 2: Find the simplest whole-number ratio.

Divide each number of moles by the smallest value (3.33) to obtain the simplest
ratio:

Number of moles of C / 3.33 = 3.33 mol / 3.33 mol = 1 mol

Number of moles of H / 3.33 = 6.61 mol / 3.33 mol ≈ 1.98 mol
Number of moles of O / 3.33 = 3.33 mol / 3.33 mol
= 1 mol

The simplest whole-number ratio is approximately 1:2:1.

Step 3: Determine the molecular formula.

To find the molecular formula, we need to compare the empirical formula mass
with the molar mass of glucose.

Empirical formula mass = (atomic mass of C x number of atoms of C) + (atomic

mass of H x number of atoms of H) + (atomic mass of O x number of atoms of O)
= (12.01 g/mol x 1) + (1.008 g/mol x 2) + (16.00 g/mol x 1)
= 30.03 g/mol

Now, we can find the molecular formula by dividing the molar mass of glucose by
the empirical formula mass:

Molecular formula = Molar mass of glucose / Empirical formula mass

= 180 g/mol / 30.03 g/mol
=6

Multiply the empirical formula by 6 to obtain the molecular formula:

Molecular formula = 6(C1H2O1)

= C6H12O6
Therefore, the molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6.