Q1. The diagram shows the arrangement of cells inside the leaf of a green plant.

(No cell contents are shown). Which 1 Mark

cells normally contain chloroplasts?
Which cells normally contain chloroplasts?

1. 1 and 2
2. 1 and 4
3. 2 and 3
4. 2 and 4

Ans: 2. 1 and 4

Q2. The internal energy (cellular energy) reserve in autotrophs is: 1 Mark
1. Proteins.
2. Fatty acids.
3. Glycogen.
4. Starch.

Ans: 4. Starch.
Explanation:
The autotrophs, like plants, store energy in the form of starch.

Q3. Which of the following statements about the autotrophs is incorrect? 1 Mark
1. They synthesise carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
2. They store carbohydrates in the form of starch.
3. They convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the absence of sunlight.
4. They constitute the first trophic level in food chains.

Ans: 3. They convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the absence of sunlight.
Solution: Autotrophs obtain the required carbon and energy requirements from carbon dioxide and Sunlight. They combine carbon
dioxide and water to form carbohydrates. The main photosynthetic pigment is chlorophyll, which helps to trap the Sunlight to carry
out the light reaction of photosynthesis to synthesise carbohydrates.
Since autotrophs are the only organisms that can fix the atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic compounds, these organisms
occupy first trophic level in food chain and serve as a source of food and energy for organisms of higher trophic levels.

Q4. What are the functions of the Xylem? 1 Mark

Carrying Su Carrying wa Carrying mineral Giving Supp
gars ter ions ort
(a) ✓ × × ✓

(b) ✓ ✓ × ×

(c) × ✓ ✓ ×

(d) × ✓ ✓ ✓

Key â = a function of xylem, X= not a function of xylem.

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
 4. (d)

Ans: 4. (d)
Explanation:
Xylem is also responsible for providing mechanical strength to the plant and tissue. The chief role of xylem is to transport water and
water soluble nutrients from roots to all the parts of the plant. and it also provides support.

Q5. The value of normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure in human is: 1 Mark
1. 120mm Hg and 80mm Hg, respectively.
2. 80mm Hg and 120mm Hg, respectively.
3. 100mm Hg and 90mm Hg, respectively.
4. 130mm Hg and 85mm Hg, respectively.

Ans: 1. 120mm Hg and 80mm Hg, respectively.

Explanation:
For a normal reading, your blood pressure needs to show a top number(systolic pressure) that's between 90 and less than 120 and a
bottom number(diastolic pressure) that's between 60 and less than 80.

Q6. Which of the following component of our food is digested by an enzyme which is present in saliva as well as in 1 Mark
pancreatic juice?
1. Proteins.
2. Fat.
3. Minerals.
4. Carbohydrate.

Ans: 4. Carbohydrate.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are digested by amylases that are present in the saliva and the pancreatic juice.

Q7. Which of the following is the only conducting tissue in non - flowering plants? 1 Mark
1. Xylem vessels.
2. Sieve tubes.
3. Companion cells.
4. Tracheids.

Ans: 4. Tracheids.
Explanation:
Tracheids are the only conducting tissue in non - flowering plants.

Q8. The instrument for measuring blood pressure is called: 1 Mark

1. Manometer.
2. Sphygmomanometer.
3. Barometer.
4. Potentiometer.

Ans: 2. Sphygmomanometer.
Explanation:
The device used for measuring blood pressure is called sphygmomanometer.

Q9. Choose the function of the pancreatic juice from the following: 1 Mark
1. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates.
2. Trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins.
3. Trypsin and lipase digest fats.
4. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats.

Ans: 4. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats.

Solution: Trypsin completes the digestion of protein. Lipase digests emulsified fat to convert it into fatty acids and glycerol.

Q10. Nitrogenous wastes are formed from the breakdown of: 1 Mark
 1. Fat.
2. Water.
3. Amino acids.
4. Ammonia.

Ans: 4. Ammonia.
Explanation:
Nitrogenous wastes tend to form toxic ammonia, which raises the pH of body fluids.

Q11. The inner lining of stomach is protected by one of the following from the harmful effect of hydrochloric acid. This 1 Mark
is:
1. Pepsin.
2. Mucus.
3. Saliva.
4. Bile.

Ans: 2. Mucus.
Explanation:
Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach from erosion, which can be caused by hydrochloric acid.

Q12. The process of obtaining food by Amoeba is known as: 1 Mark

1. Dialysis.
2. Cytokinesis.
3. Phagocytosis.
4. Amoebiasis.

Ans: 3. Phagocytosis.
Explanation:
Amoebae obtain food by the process called phagocytosis, which means cell feeding.

Q13. If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which of the following events in the mouth cavity will be affected? 1 Mark
1. Proteins breaking down into amino acids.
2. Starch breaking down into sugars.
3. Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol.
4. Absorption of vitamins.

Ans: 2. Starch breaking down into sugars.

Solution: Salivary amylase converts starch into sugar. Digestion of proteins and fats does not take place in mouth, hence options (a)
and (c) are incorrect.

Q14. The phloem tissue in plants is responsible for the transport of: 1 Mark
1. Water.
2. Water and minerals.
3. Sugar.
4. All of the above.

Ans: 3. Sugar.
Explanation:
In plants, the phloem tissue is responsible for the transport of food (in the form of sugar) from the leaves to different parts of the
body.

Q15. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results 1 Mark
due to:
1. Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol.
2. Conversion of pyruvate to glucose.
3. Non conversion of glucose to pyruvate.
4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid.

Ans: 4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid.

 Explanation:
Break down of pyruvate using oxygen, i.e., aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria. Lactic acid is produced in the muscle
from the metabolism of carbohydrate in the cells. When muscles work hard.

Q16. One of the following does not have a nucleus. This one is: 1 Mark
1. Red blood cell.
2. White blood cell.
3. Guard cell.
4. Epidermal cell.

Ans: 1. Red blood cell.

Explanation:
Red blood cells do not have nuclei.

Q17. The procedure used in artificial kidney in place of normal is called: 1 Mark
1. Pacemaker.
2. Dialysis.
3. Osmoregulation.
4. Electrocardiograph.

Ans: 2. Dialysis.
Explanation:
In hemodialysis, a dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial kidney, or a dialyzer.

Q18. The blood vessel which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart is: 1 Mark
1. Main artery.
2. Pulmonary artery.
3. Main vein.
4. Pulmonary vein.

Ans: 4. Pulmonary vein.

Explanation:
Veins transport deoxygenated blood from various organs of the body towards the heart. Only pulmonary vein carries the oxygenated
blood from the lungs to the heart.

Q19. Which one of the following statements related to capillaries is correct? 1 Mark
1. It acts as connective link between arteries and veins.
2. These are deeply penetrated inside the tissues.
3. Help in exchange of materials between blood and surrounding cells.
4. All of the above.

Ans: 4. All of the above.

Explanation:
There are two types of capillaries: true capillaries, which branch from arterioles and provide exchange between tissue and
the capillary blood, and metarterioles, found only in the mesenteric circulation. They are short vessels that directly connect the
arterioles and venules at opposite ends of the beds.

Q20. The process of digestion of food in humans begins in: 1 Mark

1. Stomach.
2. Food pipe.
3. Mouth.
4. Small intestine.

Ans: 3. Mouth.
Explanation:
The process of digestion begins in the mouth with the help of the enzymes present in the saliva.

Q21. The diagram shows part of a flowering plant. Where does the most transpiration take place? 1 Mark
 1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: 2. (b)
Explanation:
Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plants. It occurs mostly at the leaves Lower surface of leaf has more stomata than
upper surface. That is why maximum transpiration occurs.

Q22. The length of small intestine in a human adult is about: 1 Mark

1. 4.5m.
2. 1.5m.
3. 3.5m.
4. 6.5m.

Ans: 4. 6.5m
Explanation:
The length of small intestine in a human adult is around 6.5 m.

Q23. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid in the: 1 Mark
1. Cytoplasm.
2. Chloroplast.
3. Mitochondria.
4. Golgi body.

Ans: 1. Cytoplasm.
Solution: Anaerobic respiration takes place in cytoplasm.

Q24. The photosynthesis in a plant is not taking place during the day time if the plant is releasing: 1 Mark
1. Water vapour.
2. Oxygen.
3. Carbon-dioxide.
4. All the above.

Ans: 3. Carbon-dioxide.
Explanation:
During daytime, the carbon-dioxide produced through respiration is used up in photosynthesis by leaves. In fact, more carbon-dioxide
is taken in from the air for this purpose.
So, oxygen is diffused out and carbon-dioxide is diffused in.
Hence, if a plant is releasing carbon-dioxide during the daytime, then photosynthesis is not taking place.

Q25. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration? 1 Mark
1. During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised.
2. In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into blood and carbon
dioxide from blood into alveolar air.
3. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen.
4. Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases.

1. (i) and (iv).

2. (ii) and (iii).
3. (i) and (iii).
4. (ii) and (iv).
Ans: 4. (ii) and (iv).
Solution: Statement (i) is incorrect. During inhalation, ribs move outward and diaphragm is lowered. Statement (iii) is incorrect
because haemoglobin has greater affinity for oxygen than carbon dioxide.

Q26. Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the potted plants: 1 Mark
1. In the shade.
2. In dim light.
3. Under the fan.
4. Covered with a polythene bag.

Ans: 3. Under the fan.

Explanation:
Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the potted plants under the fan.

Q27. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore depends upon: 1 Mark
1. Oxygen.
2. Temperature.
3. Water in guard cells.
4. Concentration of CO2 in stomata.

Ans: 3. Water in guard cells.

Solution: Stomata are the tiny pores present at the leaf surface. Each stomatal pore is surrounded by two guard cells that assist in
stomatal opening driven by turgidity of guard cells. When water flows in guard cells from epidermal cells, guard cells become turgid
and stomata are opened. Removal of water from guard cells makes them flaccid and stomata are closed.
The only epidermal cells with unevenly thickened walls and chloroplasts are the guard cells; they are kidney shaped in dicots and
dumbell shaped in monocots.

Q28. Which of the following is the correct path taken by urine in our body? 1 Mark
1. Kidney → ureter → urethra → bladder.
2. Kidney → bladder → urethra → ureter.
3. Kidney → ureter → bladder → urethra.
4. Bladder → kidney → ureter → urethra.

Ans: 3. Kidney → ureter → bladder → urethra.

Explanation:
During blood circulation, blood passes through the kidneys. This blood contains both useful and waste materials. The kidneys filter
the wastes from the blood and produce urine. From the kidneys, the urine goes into the urinary bladder through two narrow tubes
called ureters. The urinary bladder stores the urine until it is forced out of the body, through an opening known as the urethra.

Q29. In which of the following groups of organisms, food material is broken down outside the body and absorbed? 1 Mark
1. Mushroom, green plants, Amoeba.
2. Yeast, mushroom, bread mould.
3. Paramecium, Amoeba, Cuscuta.
4. Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm.

Ans: 2. Yeast, mushroom, bread mould.

Solution: All of them are saprotrophs. In saprotrophic mode of nutrition, food material is broken down outside the body and
absorbed.

Q30. The component of blood which makes chemicals known as antibodies is: 1 Mark
1. Platelets.
2. White blood cell.
3. Red blood cells.
4. Plasma.

Ans: 2. White blood cells

Explanation:
White blood cells make chemicals known as antibodies that help to fight against infection and protect the body from foreign particles.
Q31. Which of the following has the longest small intestine?
1. Carnivore. 1 Mark
2. Omnivore.
3. Herbivore.
4. Autotroph.

Ans: 3. Herbivore.
Explanation:
This is because herbivores mainly eat plants.Plants contain cellulose, which is difficult to digest.
Hence, they have the longest small intestine.

Q32. Observe the figure given below which represents the control of water concentration in the blood. 1 Mark

This is a negative feedback.

1. It decreases the amount of water in the blood.
2. It increases any change occurring in the amount of water in the blood.
3. It reverses any change occurring in the amount of water in the blood.
4. It increases the amount of water in the blood.

Ans: 1. It decreases the amount of water in the blood.

Q33. The excretory unit in the human excretory system is called: 1 Mark
1. Nephron.
2. Neuron.
3. Nephridia.
4. Kidneyon.

Ans: 1. Nephron.
Explanation:
The main excretory unit in the human excretory system is called nephron. It produces urine and maintains the homeostasis of the
body.

Q34. In which part of the alimentary canal food is finally digested? 1 Mark
1. Stomach.
2. Mouth cavity.
3. Large intestine.
4. Small intestine.

Ans: 4. Small intestine.

​Solution: Digestion of food starts in mouth by salivary amylase. From here it enters into the stomach via oesophagus. Gastric juice of
stomach digests the protein part of food. Pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase as well as intestinal peptidases and maltase carry out
the final chemical digestion of food in small intestine. The simpler substances formed by chemical digestion are then absorbed by
small intestinal villi.

Q35. The diagram given below shows the human excretory system. 1 Mark

Identify the function of part labelled as x

1. To excrete urea.
2. To produce urea.
 3. To produce urine.
4. To store urine.

Ans: 4. To store urine.

Explanation:
The function of part labelled as x Urinary Bladder.

Q36. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation? 1 Mark
1. Nostrils → larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs.
2. Nasal passage → trachea → pharynx → larynx → alveoli.
3. larynx → nostrils → pharynx → lungs.
4. Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli.

Ans: 4. Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli.

​Solution: During inhalation, the air is drawn through the nostrils into nasal passage. From there, air enters into pharynx, larynx,
trachea (windpipe), bronchi, lungs and finally to the alveoli.

Q37. The liquid waste product of plants formed due to oxidation of various essential oils is: 1 Mark
1. Gums.
2. Latex.
3. Resins.
4. Tannin.

Ans:
3. resins.
Explanation:
The hard transparent resins, such as the copals, dammars, mastic, and sandarac, are principally used for varnishes and adhesives,
while the softer odoriferous oleo-resins (frankincense, elemi, turpentine, copaiba) and gum resins.

Q38. Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from: 1 Mark

1. Water.
2. Chlorophyll.
3. Carbon dioxide.
4. Glucose.

Ans: 1. Water.
Solution: Splitting of water molecule, results in liberation of oxygen and hydrogen. Hydrogen is utilized for reduction of carbon
dioxide so that carbohydrate can be made.

Q39. The portion of the human respiratory tract called sound box is: 1 Mark
1. larynx.
2. trachea.
3. bronchi.
4. pharynx.

Ans: 1. larynx.
Explanation:
Briefly, the vocal folds are folds of tissue located in the larynx (voicebox) that have three important functions: To protect the airway
from choking on material in the throat. To regulate the flow of air into our lungs. The production of sounds used for speech.

Q40. Right atrium receives blood from. 1 Mark

1. Pulmonary aorta.
2. Pulmonary veins.
 3. Inferior vena cava.
4. Superior and inferior vena cava.

Ans: 4. Superior and inferior vena cava.

Explanation:
The inferior vena cava is a vein. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart.
The corresponding vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body is the superior vena cava.

Q41. A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue-black in colour. This indicates 1 Mark
that rice water contains:
1. Complex proteins.
2. Simple proteins.
3. Fats.
4. Starch.

Ans: 4. Starch.
Solution: Starch makes a dark blue complex with iodine. This is the most often used test to check the presence of starch in
something.

Q42. The two organisms which breathe only through their moist skin are: 1 Mark
1. Fish and frog.
2. Frog and earthworm.
3. Leech and earthworm.
4. Fish and earthworm.

Ans: 3. Leech and earthworm.

Explanation:
Leech and earthworm breathe only through their moist skin. Fish breathe through gills, while frogs breathe through lungs and skin.

Q43. Which of the following is not a purpose of transpiration? 1 Mark

1. Supplies water for photosynthesis.
2. Helps in translocation of sugar in plants.
3. Cools leaf surface.
4. Transport minerals from the soil to all the parts of the plant.

Ans: 2. Helps in translocation of sugar in plants.

Explanation:
The process of movement of water in the plants through xylem and its evaporation through leaves or stem is known
as transpiration. Transpiration supplies water for photosynthesis, cools the leaves surface through evaporation, and the
transpirational pull helps in transportation of minerals from the roots to the leaves. But it never helps in the translocation of
sugars. Translocation is the process of movement of food from the leaves to the different parts of the plant through phloem.

Q44. The wave of expansion of an artery when blood is forced into it is called: 1 Mark
1. Flow.
2. Heart beat.
3. Pulse.
4. Ticking.

Ans: 3. Pulse.
Explanation:
Pulse is the expansion of the artery each time the blood is forced into it.

Q45. During respiration exchange of gases take place in: 1 Mark

1. Trachea and larynx.
2. Alveoli of lungs.
3. Alveoli and throat.
4. Throat and larynx.

Ans: 2. Alveoli of lungs.

 Solution: Trachea and larynx just serve as passage for air. Exchange of gases takes place in alveoli; where oxygen diffuses into blood
and carbon dioxide comes out of blood.

Q46. Which process occurring in human body does not involve energy from respiration? 1 Mark
1. Contraction of heart muscle.
2. Diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli into the blood.
3. Digestion of bread.
4. Maintaining a constant body temperature.

Ans: 3. Digestion of bread.

Q47. A blood vessel which carries blood back to the heart is: 1 Mark
1. Artery.
2. Vein.
3. Capillary.
4. Platelet.

Ans: 2. Vein.
Explanation:
Veins carry carbon-dioxide rich blood from the various tissues of the body to the heart.

Q48. Which of the following helps in the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the 1 Mark
leaves through the stem?
1. Transportation.
2. Translocation.
3. Tropic movement.
4. Transpiration.

Ans: 4. Transpiration.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the loss of water through the stomata of leaves and other aerial parts of the plants in the form of water vapour. It
provides a transpirational pull, which is responsible for the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the
leaves through the stem.

Q49. Which of the following equations is the summary of photosynthesis? 1 Mark

1. 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
2. 6CO2 + H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 02 + 6H2O
3. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
4. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6CO2 + 6H2O

Ans: 3. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

Explanation:
When combined together glucose and excess gasses e.g. oxygen are made. A good explanation for why the equation is that way is the
equation:
6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 +6O2 + 6H2O

Q50. Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true about heart? 1 Mark
1. Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of body while right atrium receives
deoxygenated blood from lungs.
2. Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different body parts while right ventricle pumps deoxygenated
blood to lungs.
3. Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to right ventricle which sends it to different body parts.
4. Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body while left ventricle pumps
oxygenated blood to different parts of the body.

1. (i).
2. (ii).
3. (ii) and (iv).
4. (i) and (iii).
Ans: 3. (ii) and (iv).
Solution: The left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta which in turn delivers it to the major body regions and organs which makes
statement (iii) incorrect. The anterior vena cava collects deoxygenated blood from the head, chest, and arms and enters the right
atrium while the inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body regions. Both venae cavae pass the deoxygenated blood to the
right atrium which makes statement (i) incorrect. Blood from right atrium enters right ventricle and pulmonary arteries carry
deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs for oxygenation; this makes statements (ii) and (iv) correct.

Q51. Bile juice is stored in which organ of human body? 1 Mark

1. Kidney.
2. Gall bladder.
3. Pancreas.
4. Liver.

Ans: 2. Gall bladder.

Explanation:
Bile or gall is a dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the digestion of lipids in
the small intestine. In humans, bile is produced continuously by the liver (liver bile), and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder.

Q52. One of the following organism does not depend on simple diffusion of gases for breathing and respiration. This 1 Mark
organism is:
1. Amoeba.
2. Prawn.
3. Planaria.
4. Bryophyllum.

Ans: 2. Prawn.
Explanation:
Prawn is an aquatic animal that respires through gills. The gills extract oxygen dissolved in water and take away carbon-dioxide from
the body.

Q53. Which of the following equations is the summary of photosynthesis? 1 Mark

1. 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
2. 6CO2 + H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2 + 6H2O
3. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 +6O2 + 6H2O
4. 6CO2 +12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6CO2 + 6H2O

Ans: 3. 6CO2 + 12H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight → C6H12O6 +6O2 + 6H2O

​Solution: Option ‘a’ shows correct reaction. But option ‘c’ shows correct reaction as well as other important factors of reaction.
Option ‘b’ is not a balanced equation. Option ‘d’ shows carbon dioxide among the products; which is wrong.

Q54. Two of the following organisms have a holozoic mode of nutrition. These organisms are: 1 Mark
1. Paramecium and Plasmodium.
2. Plasmodium and Parakeet.
3. Parakeet and Paramecium.
4. Paramecium and Parasite.

Ans: 3. Parakeet and Paramecium.

Explanation:
Parakeet and Paramecium feed on solid food.
Therefore, they have holozoic mode of nutrition.

Q55. The opening and closing of the stomatal pores depends upon: 1 Mark
1. Oxygen.
2. Water in guard cells.
3. Temperature.
4. Concentration of CO2 in stomata.

Ans: 2. Water in guard cells.

Explanation:
 When guard cells have water, stomatal pores open and when water moves out of the guard cells, these pores close.

Q56. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation 1 Mark
1. Nostrils → Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea → Lungs.
2. Nasal Passage → Trachea → Pharynx → Larynx → Alveoli.
3. Larynx → Nostril → Pharynx → Lungs.
4. Nostrils → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Alveoli.

Ans: 4. Nostrils → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Alveoli.

Explanation:
The air enters through nostrils, passes to pharynx, larynx, trachea and then to alveoli. As soon as the air is inhaled the diaphragm and
inter coastal muscles contract meanwhile, there is also the expansion of thoracic muscles which creates enough space for the air to
enter into the lungs. The process is opposite in the case of exhalation.

Q57. The correct sequence of anaerobic reactions in yeast is: 1 Mark

cytoplasm mitochondria

1. Glucose −−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−−−→ Ethanol + Carbondioxide

cytoplasm cytoplasm

2. Glucose −−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−→ Lactic acid

cytoplasm mitochondria

3. Glucose −−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−−−→ Lactic acid

cytoplasm cytoplasm

4. Glucose −−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−→ Ethanol + Carbondioxide

Ans: cytoplasm cytoplasm

4. Glucose −−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−→ Ethanol + Carbondioxide

Solution: Breakdown of pyruvate; under anaerobic condition; takes place in cytoplasm of yeast. Ethanol and carbon dioxide are
produced at the end of this reaction.

Q58. What prevents the backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction? 1 Mark
1. Thick muscular walls of ventricles.
2. Valves.
3. Thin walls of atria.
4. All of the above.

Ans: 2. Valves.
Explanation:
During contraction, valves prevent the back - flow of blood inside the heart.

Q59. Choose the forms in which most plants absorb nitrogen: 1 Mark
1. Proteins.
2. Nitrates and Nitrites.
3. Urea.
4. Atmospheric nitrogen.

1. (i) and (ii).

2. (ii) and (iii).
3. (iii) and (iv).
4. (i) and (iv).

Ans: 2. (ii) and (iii).

Solution: Plants cannot take up atmospheric nitrogen and hence option ‘iv’ is incorrect. Protein is synthesized by plants and hence
option ‘i’ is incorrect.

Q60. Which of the following is most likely to have a much higher breathing rate? 1 Mark
1. Man.
2. Fish.
3. Dog.
4. Sparrow.

Ans: 2. Fish.
Explanation:
 Rate of breathing in aquatic animals is much faster than terrestrial animals. This is because a faster rate of breathing provides more
oxygen to the aquatic animals.

Q61. Most often during a kidney disorder, the colour of urine changes from yellow to others. A patient is secreting dark 1 Mark
coloured urine which turns to blue or black later. This is due to the presence of which of the following?
1. Homogentisic acid.
2. Methaemoglobin.
3. Corpoporphyrin.
4. Both A and B

Ans: Glucose Protein Salts

(c) ✓ × ✓

Explanation:
Urine also contains many salts and glucose. Red blood cells and sugar are not normally found in urine but may indicate glomerulus
injury and diabetes mellitus respectively.

Q62. The excretory organs in an earthworm are: 1 Mark

1. Nephridia.
2. Nephrons.
3. Raphides.
4. Ureters.

Ans: 1. Nephridia.
Explanation:
In earthworm, the main excretory organs are nephridia. It functions like a kidney.

Q63. Where are proteins first digested in the alimentary canal? 1 Mark
1. Small intestine.
2. Oesophagus.
3. Mouth.
4. Stomach.

Ans: 4. Stomach.
Explanation:
The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach by pepsin.

Q64. What is the correct route for blood flow in a human? 1 Mark
1. Left atrium → Left ventricle → Lungs → Right ventricle → Right atrium.
2. Left atrium → Left ventricle → Right ventricle → Right atrium → Lungs.
3. Right atrium → Right ventricle → Left ventricle →Left atrium → Lungs.
4. Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle.

Ans: 4. Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle
Explanation:
The deoxygenated blood collected from different body parts is poured into the right auricle. From right auricle it moves to the right
ventricle and through the pulmonary artery this is deoxygenated blood is pumped into the lungs where it is oxygenated. Then this
oxygenated blood is transported to the left Atrium and then moves to the left ventricle from where it is pumped into the whole body.

Q65. In which of the following vertebrate group/groups, heart does not pump oxygenated blood to different parts of 1 Mark
the body?
1. Pisces and amphibians.
2. Amphibians and reptiles.
3. Amphibians only.
4. Pisces only.

Ans: 4. Pisces only.

Explanation:
In Pisces, the heart does not pump oxygenated blood to different parts of the body. This is because Pisces have two - chambered
heart with one auricle and one ventricle.
 Since, Both the auricle and ventricle remain undivided, only deoxygenated blood passes through it. The deoxygenated blood then
enters the gills for oxygenation from the ventricle.

Q66. The cells in our blood which destroy disease - causing germs, are: 1 Mark
1. Platelets.
2. Skin cells.
3. RBCs.
4. WBCs.

Ans: 4. WBCs.
Explanation:
White blood cells or WBCs destroy the disease causing germs. They are like soldiers that protect the body from various infections.

Q67. Which of the following increases in muscle cells when they are lacking in oxygen? 1 Mark
1. Carbon-dioxide.
2. Lactose.
3. Lactic acid.
4. Uric acid.

Ans: 3. Lactic acid.

Explanation:
In the muscle cells that lack oxygen, concentration of lactic acid is increased. This is because, here, anaerobic respiration takes place
in which glucose is converted into lactic acid with the release of a small amount of energy.

Q68. Which of the following is correct for the process of anaerobic respiration? 1 Mark
Carbon dioxide always produce
A lot of energy released
d
a. No Yes
b. No No
c. Yes No
d. Yes Yes

Ans: b. No No
Explanation:
There are two pathways through which anaerobic respiration occurs. In micro - organisms such as yeast and bacteria, the glucose is
broken down into ethanol and carbon-dioxide, and releases very little energy. In the other pathway, glucose is broken down into only
lactic acid with the release of little energy. This occurs in the muscles during strenuous exercise. Therefore, carbon-dioxide is not
always produced during anaerobic respiration.

Q69. An organism which does not have loop of Henle will excrete. 1 Mark
1. No urine.
2. Dilute urine.
3. Concentrated urine.
4. No change in urine.

Ans: 2. Dilute urine.

Explanation:
A "dilute specimen" is a urine sample that has a higher than average water content. When a test applicant consumes excessive.
Amounts of fluid, the concentration of urine will subsequently become dilute. This can be abused by intentionally over-consuming
large amounts of water prior to a drug test.

Q70. In cockroaches, air enters the body through: 1 Mark

1. Lungs.
2. Gills.
3. Spiracles.
4. Skin.

Ans: 3. Spiracles.
Explanation:
 In insects (such as cockroaches, grasshoppers), the tiny holes called spiracles are present on the body. Air enters the body through
these holes.

Q71. The diagram shows the human gut. Which numbered structures secrete digestive enzymes? 1 Mark

1. 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. 1, 2, 3 and 6
3. 2, 3, 4 and 5
4. 2, 3, 5 and 6

Ans: 2. 1, 2, 3 and 6

Explanation:
Digestive enzymes are secreted by salivary glands (salivary amylase), stomach (pepsin), pancreas (amylase, lipase) and small intestine
(trypsin). Liver produces bile juice and it only emulsifies (breaks down) fats and does not digest them.

Q72. A healthy woman consumes a litre of water at once. 1 Mark

1. How will be the internal environment of her body affected by this?
2. A corrective measure to bring the arising condition to normal state is?

Select the correct option for (i) and (ii) from those given below.
(i) (ii)
Concentration of the urine forme
(a) Plasma becomes diluted
d.
Osmotic pressure of the plasma de Increase in the volume of urine fo
(b)
creases rmed.
Less water is reabsorbed by the k
(c) The body cells undergoes shrinkage
idneys.
Osomotic pressure of the plasma in
(d) Formation of dilute urine occure.
creases
1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: 3. (b)
Explanation: Consuming high amount of water leads to increased water concentration in blood. As a result, osmotic pressure of the
plasma decreases because excess water must be eliminated to maintain normal functioning of the body. Decreased osmotic pressure
of the plasma tends to push out excess water from the circulatory system.
Consequently, more volume of urine is produced and the person has frequent urination.

Q73. In humans, carbon dioxide that is excreted passes from the blood directly into the: 1 Mark
1. Trachea.
2. Kidneys.
3. Alveoli.
4. Liver.

Ans: 3. Alveoli.
Explanation:
 Alveoli are an important part of the respiratory system whose function it is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules to and
from the bloodstream.

Q74. What may happen if a young plant is dug up and re-planted in another place? 1 Mark
1. The leaves loss less water.
2. The roots cannot take up mineral salts.
3. The stem cannot transport water.
4. The surface area of the root is reduced.

Ans: 4. The surface area of the root is reduced.

Q75. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis because. 1 Mark

1. They contain carotenoids.
2. They contain xanthophylls.
3. They contain chlorophyll.
4. They fix atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Ans: 3. They contain chlorophyll.

Explanation:
Essentially, the chloroplast is an independent fully functional organelle. Although all the green parts of a plant can carry
outphotosynthesis, it mainly occurs in the leaves due to the high abundance of chloroplasts. A chloroplast contains stroma, fluid, and
stack of thylakoids called grana.

Q76. Select the correct statement: 1 Mark

1. Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own food.
2. Heterotrophs utilise solar energy for photosynthesis.
3. Heterotrophs synthesise their own food.
4. Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates.

Ans: 1. Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own food.

Solution: Heterotrophs are the organisms that cannot synthesize their own food and depend on available organic/ inorganic
compounds to fulfil their energy requirements.
Examples: All animals.

Q77. Which one of the following does not have valves? 1 Mark
1. Heart.
2. Arteries.
3. Capillaries.
4. Veins.

Ans: 3. Capillaries.
Explanation:
Capillaries do not have valves, while heart, arteries and veins have valves to prevent the back - flow of blood.

Q78. Which of the following is known as the energy currency of the cells in biology? 1 Mark
1. DTP.
2. PDP.
3. ATP.
4. DDT.

Ans: 3. ATP
Explanation:
In biology, ATP is known as the energy currency of a cell. It is a high energy molecule that stores the energy.

Q79. Which cell structure is involved in the process of formation of glucose? 1 Mark
1. Golgi body.
2. Mitochondria.
3. Endoplasmic reticulum.
4. Plastids.
Ans: 2. Mitochondria
Explanation:
Mitochondria is cell structure is involved in the process of formation of glucose.

Q80. The diagram given below represents the liver, kidney and some associated blood vessels. Identify the vessel from 1 Mark
the labelled parts A-D in which the blood will contain the lowest concentration of urea?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Ans: 3. C
Explanation: The urea is formed by the urea-cycle in the liver, and not in the kidneys. The blood vessel coming out from the kidney
will contain the lowest concentration of urea (although kidneys contain only a small amount of urea to maintain osmolarity). And the
blood vessel coming out from the liver will contain the highest concentration of urea.

Q81. The following changes take place in an athlete’s body during a 100m race. Which change occurs first? 1 Mark
1. Increased availability of oxygen to muscles.
2. Increased breathing rate.
3. Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the blood.
4. Increased production of carbon dioxide by muscles.

Ans: 4. Increased production of carbon dioxide by muscles.

Q82. The diagram represents a part of human circulatory system. Where is the blood pressure highest? 1 Mark

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: 2. (b)
Explanation:
The part of the diagram labeled as b will have the highest blood pressure in the whole circulatory system. The part labeled as b
represents aorta. It is the largest artery which supplies the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of heart to the body tissues. It has
the highest pressure as the left ventricle has to pump the blood to all the body parts.

Q83. The correct order of steps occurring in nutrition in animals is: 1 Mark
1. Ingestion → Absorption → Digestion → Assimilation → Egestion.
2. Ingestion → Digestion → Assimilation → Absorption → Egestion.
3. Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion.
4. Ingestion → Assimilation → Digestion → Absorption → Egestion.
Ans: 3. Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion.
Explanation:
The food is ingested through the mouth. It is then digested in the mouth, the stomach and the small intestine. Then, it is absorbed
and assimilated in the small intestine, the reabsorption of water takes place in the large intestine and the undigested waste is egested
through the anus.

Q84. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps in the legs of sprinters. This is due to conversion of pyruvate to: 1 Mark
1. Ethanol.
2. Carbon-dioxide.
3. Acetic acid.
4. Lactic acid.

Ans: 4. Lactic acid

Explanation:
Lack of oxygen in muscles causes accumulation of lactic acid, due to anaerobic respiration. Accumulation of lactic acid leads to cramps
in the legs of sprinters.

Q85. Which of the following is are the respiratory organs of the plant? 1 Mark
1. Lenticels.
2. Hydathodes.
3. Stomata.
4. Both (a) and (c).

Ans: 4. Both (a) and (c).

Explanation:
Lenticels and Stomata are the respiratory organs of the plant.

Q86. The figure given below is representing the dialysis machine for removing nitrogenous wastes in patient with a 1 Mark
kidney failure.

Which substances out of the following in the dialysis fluid should be at a lower concentration than in the blood of
patient?
1. Glucose and urea.
2. Glucose and amino acids.
3. Salts and urea.
4. Glucose and salts

Ans: 3. Salts and urea.

Q87. The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in: 1 Mark
1. Cytoplasm
2. Mitochondria
3. Chloroplast
4. Nucleus.

Ans: 2. Mitochondria.

Q88. Which one of the following has cytoplasm but no nucleus: 1 Mark
1. Xylem vessel.
2. Sieve, which has tube.
3. Tracheid.
4. Companion cell.

Ans: 2. Sieve, which has tube.

 Explanation:
Sieve tube, which forms the phloem, are living cells containing cytoplasm but no nucleus.

Q89. The diagram shows a vertical section through the heart. 1 Mark
What are the functions of the numbered blood vessels?
Carries blood to b Carries blood to lu Carries blood from l Carries blood from b
ody ngs ungs ody
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 1 3 4 2
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 3 1 4 2

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: 4. (d)
Explanation:
1. Pulmonary artery.
2. Vena cava.
3. Aorta.
4. Pulmonary vein.

Q90. In human digestive system, bile is secreted by: 1 Mark

1. Pancreas.
2. Liver.
3. Kidneys.
4. Stomach.

Ans: 2. Liver.
Explanation:
Liver secretes the greenish yellow liquid called bile.

Q91. Choose the correct path of urine in our body: 1 Mark

1. Kidney → ureter → urethra → urinary bladder.
2. Kidney → urinary bladder → urethra → ureter.
3. Kidney → ureters →urinary bladder → urethra.
4. Urinary bladder → kidney → ureter → urethra.

Ans: 3. Kidney → ureters →urinary bladder → urethra.

Solution: The correct path of urine is kidney -4 Ureters -4 Urinary bladder Urethra.
Kidneys are the paired organ where urine formation takes place. Small muscular tube, called as ureter, extend from kidneys and carry
blood to urinary bladder. The urethra is a small tube that extends from the urinary bladder to an external opening. Hence, option C is
the correct sequence.

Q92. The filtration units of kidneys are called: 1 Mark

1. Ureter.
2. Urethra.
3. Neurons.
4. Nephrons.

Ans: 4. Nephrons.
 Solution: Due to this, nephron is called the functional unit of Kidney.

Q93. Which of the following is not produced during anaerobic respiration in unicellular fungus? 1 Mark
1. C2H5OH.
2. H2O.
3. CO2.
4. ATP.

Ans: 2. H2O.
Explanation:
Anaerobic respiration occurs in absence of oxygen. One molecule of glucose breaks down to release two molecules of ethanol, two
molecules of carbon-dioxide and two ATP molecules.

Q94. What prevents backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction? 1 Mark
1. Valves in heart.
2. Thick muscular walls of ventricles.
3. Thin walls of atria.
4. Inner lining of the heart.

Ans: 1. Valves in heart.

Explanation:
Valves ensure that blood does not flow backwards when the atria or ventricles contract. Semilunar valves, the valves present
between ventricles and their attached vessels, serve to prevent the backflow of blood to ventricles from their respective attached
vessels. Likewise, atrioventricular (AV) valve between atrium and ventricle directs the flow of blood and prevents any backflow into
atria.

Q95. The first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract is: 1 Mark
1. Pepsin.
2. Cellulose.
3. Amylase.
4. Trypsin.

Ans: 3. Amylase.
Explanation:
The digestion of food begins in the mouth by the action of salivary amylase.

Q96. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for: 1 Mark
1. Nutrition
2. Respiration
3. Excretion
4. Transportation.

Ans: 3. Excretion.

Q97. Which blood vessel does not carry any carbon-dioxide? 1 Mark
1. Pulmonary artery.
2. Vena cava.
3. Hepatic vein.
4. Pulmonary vein.

Ans: 4. Pulmonary vein.

Explanation:
Pulmonary vein carries the oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the heart.

Q98. The opening and closing of stomata is regulated by: 1 Mark

1. Turgidity of guard cells.
2. Availability of solar radiations.
3. Biological clock of plants.
4. Concentration of atmospheric CO2.
Ans: 1. Turgidity of guard cells.
Explanation:
Stomatal pores in plants regulate the amount of water and solutes within them by opening and closing their guard cells using osmotic
pressure. In order for plants to produce energy and maintain cellular function, their cells undergo the highly intricate process of
photosynthesis. Critical in this process is the stoma.

Q99. Which substances will be present in the glomerular filterate from the kidneys of a mammal? 1 Mark
Glucose Protein Salts
(a) ✓ ✓ ×

(b) × ✓ ✓

(c) ✓ × ✓

(d) × × ✓

Key ✓ = present, × = absent

Ans: Glucose Protein Salts

(c) ✓ × ✓

Explanation:
Urine also contains many salts and glucose. Red blood cells and sugar are not normally found in urine but may indicate glomerulus
injury and diabetes mellitus respectively.

Q100. In autotrophs, water is transported through: 1 Mark

1. Root hair.
2. Phloem.
3. Stomata.
4. Xylem.

Ans: 4. Xylem.
Explanation:
Xylem transports water and minerals from the soil via the roots to the rest of the plant body.

Q101. In one of the following organisms, the gaseous exchange during repiration does not take place through cell 1 Mark
membrane/ skin. This organism is:
1. Electric eel
2. Leech
3. Earthworm
4. Amoeba.

Ans: 1. Electric eel

Explanation:
Electric eel respires through gills. Leech and earthworm respire through their skin.

Q102. The substance which is not reabsorbed into the blood capillaries surrounding the tuble of a nephron is mainly: 1 Mark
1. Glucose.
2. Amino acid.
3. Urea.
4. Water.

Ans: 3. Urea.
Explanation:
Urea is not reabsorbed into the blood capillaries that surround the tubule of a nephron. However, glucose, amino acid and water are
reabsorbed.

Q103. Blood is pumped from the heart to the entire body by the: 1 Mark
1. Lungs.
2. Ventricles.
3. Atria.
4. Nerves.
Ans: 2. Ventricles.
Explanation:
Ventricles pump oxygenated blood from the heart to the entire body.

Q104. The xylem in plants are responsible for: 1 Mark

1. Transport of water
2. Transport of food
3. Transport of amino acids
4. Transport of oxygen.

Ans: 1. Transport of water.

Q105. When air is blown from mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water turned milky due to the 1 Mark
presence of:
1. Oxygen.
2. Carbon dioxide.
3. Nitrogen.
4. Water vapour.

Ans: 2. Carbon dioxide.

Solution: Carbon dioxide gas turns lime water milky. Since the exhaled air is carbon dioxide rich, when air is blown from mouth into
test tube, the lime water turned milky.

Q106. The blood leaving the tissues becomes richer in: 1 Mark
1. Carbon dioxide.
2. Water.
3. Heamoglobin.
4. Oxygen.

Ans: 1. Carbon dioxide.

Solution: The left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta which in turn branches and delivers oxygenated blood to the major body
regions and organs. The oxygen is consumed in cellular respiration and the carbon dioxide produced during respiration enters into
blood.
The anterior vena cava collects deoxygenated blood from the head, chest, and arms and enters the right atrium while the inferior
vena cava collects blood from the lower body regions. Both venae cavae pass the deoxygenated blood to the right atrium. Thus, blood
from tissues is rich in carbon dioxide.
Deoxygenated blood from right atrium enters right ventricle and pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to
lungs for oxygenation.

Q107. Which of the following is most appropriate for aerobic respiration? 1 Mark
mitochondria cytoplasm

1. Glucose −−−−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−→ CO 2 + H2 O + Energy

cytoplasm mitochondria

2. Glucose −−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−−−→ CO 2 + H2 O + Energy

cytoplasm mitochondria

3. Glucose −−−−−−→ Pyruvate + Energy −−−−−−−−→ CO 2 + H2 O

cytoplasm mitochondria

4. Glucose −−−−−−→ Pyruvate + Energy −−−−−−−−→ CO 2 + H2 O + Energy

Ans:
cytoplasm mitochondria

2. Glucose −−−−−−→ Pyruvate −−−−−−−−→ CO + H O + Energy

2 2

Solution: Aerobic respiration is complete breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water with release of large amount of energy.
It occurs in three steps, glycolysis, citric acid cycle and ETC. Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. It is oxygen independent
pathway that occurs in cytoplasm. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria, using the pyruvate produced via glycolysis. It
produces large amounts of energy in t he form of ATP along with carbon dioxide gas and water.

Q108. Which vein brings clean blood from the lungs into the heart? 1 Mark
1. Renal vein.
2. Pulmonary vein.
3. Vena cava.
4. Hepatic vein.

Ans: 2. Pulmonary vein.

 Explanation:
Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood (clean blood) from the lungs into the heart.

Q109. How does the exchange of gases occur in roots of a plant? 1 Mark
1. Through lenticels.
2. Through root stomata.
3. Through root hairs.
4. None of these.

Ans: 3. Through root hairs.

Explanation:
The exchange of gases in roots of a plant takes place by the process of diffusion. The exchange of gases is mostly done with the help
of stomata. Plant breath in through stomata present in their bodies.

Q110. The mechanism of human body which facilitates the exchange of respiratory gases is called. 1 Mark
1. Exhalation.
2. Breathing.
3. Circulation.
4. All of these.

Ans: 2. Breathing.
Explanation:
This is movement of air into and out of the lungs. Breathing supplies oxygen to the alveoli, and eliminates carbon dioxide. The main
muscles involved in breathing are the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm.

Q111. Which of the following contributes most to the transport of water from the ground to the leaves of a tall tree? 1 Mark
1. Root pressure.
2. Capillary rise of water in xylem.
3. Breakdown of ATP.
4. Cohesion of water and transpiration pull.

Ans: 4. Cohesion of water and transpiration pull.

Explanation:
Transpiration is the loss of water from the plant through evaporation at the leaf surface. It is the main driver of water movement in
the xylem. it creates negative pressure (tension). Water from the roots is pulled up by this tension. The water is held in the stem and
leaf by the cohesion of water molecules to each other as well as the adhesion of water to the cell walls of the xylem vessels and
tracheids. This is called the cohesion-tension theory of sap ascent

Q112. The process of carrying food from the leaves to other parts of a plant is called: 1 Mark
1. Transpiration.
2. Transportation.
3. Translocation.
4. Transformation.

Ans: 3. Translocation.
Explanation:
The process of carrying food from the leaves to other parts of a plant is called translocation.

Q113. Single circulation i.e., blood flows through the heart only once during one cycle of passage through the body, is 1 Mark
exhibited by:
1. Labeo, Chameleon, Salamander.
2. Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas.
3. Hyla, Rana, Draco.
4. Whale, Dolphin, Turtle.

Ans: 2. Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas.

Solution: The examples and the relation of animal group and heart are as,
 Fishes have two chambered heart and exhibit single circulation while three chambered heart of amphibian and reptiles and four
chambered heart of birds and mammals exhibit double circulation. In given options, C includes all fishes which makes it correct
answer.

Q114. In the figure given below the structures associated with human kidneys are marked (X,Y and Z). The relative 1 Mark
concentrations of urea in these structure is.

1. X is sometimes higher than Y.

2. Y is always higher than Z.
3. Y is always lower than Z.
4. Z is sometimes lower than X.

Ans: 3. Y is always lower than Z.

Explanation: The structures are labeled as:
X – Renal vein
Y – Renal artery
Z - Ureter
The renal artery (Y) carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys from the heart. This blood contains negligible amounts of waste products
(such as urea). On the other hand, the ureters (Z) transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urine contains
comparatively high amounts of urea to be excreted out. Thus, the relative concentration of urea in Y is always lower than that in Z.

Q115. If a patient is out on dialysis, he is most likely suffering from a severe ailment of the: 1 Mark
1. Circulatory system.
2. Respiratory system.
3. Excretory system.
4. Digestive system.

Ans: 3. Excretory system.

Explanation:
Dialysis is the process of removing wastes using an artificial kidney.
Hence, if a patient is out on dialysis, he is most likely suffering from a severe ailment of excretory system. It is because kidneys are a
part of human excretory system and in case of kidney failure, to remove the accumulated wastes from the body, blood is filtered
periodically through an artificial kidney.

Q116. Which of the following is an incorrect statement? 1 Mark

1. Energy is essential for life processes.
2. Organisms grow with time.
3. Movement of molecules does not take place among cells.
4. Organisms must repair and maintain their body.

Ans: 3. Movement of molecules does not take place among cells.

Explanation:
Movement of molecules takes place among cells.

Q117. When air is blown from mouth into a test - tube containing lime water, the lime water turns milky due to the 1 Mark
presence of:
1. Oxygen.
2. Carbon-dioxide.
3. Nitrogen.
4. Water vapour.

Ans: 2. Carbon-dioxide
Explanation:
Lime water turns milky due to the presence of carbon-dioxide in the exhaled air.
Q118. The diagram shows the ribs and some of the muscles used in breathing. 1 Mark
Which muscles relax in moving from position x to position y?
Diaphragm External Intercostals
(a) No No
(b) No Yes
(c) Yes No
(d) Yes Yes
1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: Diaphragm External Intercostals

(d) Yes Yes
Explanation:
While moving from position-x to position-y, the lungs are exhaling out the air. When lungs exhale out the air, both diaphragm &
external intercostal musclesrelax.

Q119. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results due to: 1 Mark
1. Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol.
2. Conversion of pyruvate to glucose.
3. Non conversion of glucose to pyruvate.
4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid.

Ans: 4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid.

Solution: Respiration is the sole source of energy in muscles. During intense physical activity, limited oxygen supply do not support
the aerobic respiration and muscles carry out lactic acid fermentation of pyruvate to meet the energy demand.

Q120. Which of the following is the correct sequence of parts as they occur in the human alimentary canal? 1 Mark
1. Mouth → Stomach → Small intestine → Oesophagus → Large intestine.
2. Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Large intestine → Small intestine.
3. Mouth → Stomach → Oesophagus → Small intestine → Large intestine.
4. Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine.

Ans: 4. Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine

Explanation:
The correct sequence of the parts as they occur in the human alimentary canal is given below.
Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine.

Q121. Which of the following is the first site for the exachange of inhaled air? 1 Mark
1. Blood capillaries of lungs.
2. Alveoli of lungs.
3. Blood capillaries adjacent to body cells.
4. Left auricle of the heart.

Ans: 2. Alveoli of lungs.

Explanation:
Alveolar macrophages are the primary phagocytes of the innate immune system, clearing the air spaces of infectious, toxic, or allergic
particles that have evaded the mechanical defenses of the respiratory tract, such as the nasal passages, the glottis, and the
mucociliary transport system.

Q122. Which of the following has a three-chambered heart? 1 Mark

1. Pigeon.
2. Lizard.
3. Fish.
4. Lion.
Ans: 2. Lizard.
Explanation:
Lizard is a reptile and it has a three-chambered heart. Birds (e.g. Pigeon) and mammals (e.g. lion) have a four - chambered heart,
while Pisces (e.g. fish) have a two - chambered heart.

Q123. Which of the following has no muscular walls? 1 Mark

1. Artery.
2. Vein.
3. Arteriole.
4. Capillary.

Ans: 4. Capillary.
Explanation:
Capillaries are very narrow tubes about 8 micrometers in diameter. It has no muscle.

Q124. One of the following animals does not use tracheae as the respiratory organs. This animal is: 1 Mark
1. Grasshopper.
2. Prawn.
3. Mosquito.
4. Cockroach.

Ans: 2. Prawn.
Explanation:
Prawn is an aquatic animal that respires through gills. Insects such as grasshopper, mosquito and cockroach respire through tracheae.

Q125. Which part of alimentary canal receives bile from the liver? 1 Mark
1. Oesophagus.
2. Small intestine.
3. Stomach.
4. Large intestine.

Ans: 2. Small intestine.

Explanation:
Small intestine receives bile from the liver, which is temporarily stored in the gall bladder.

Q126. Which of the following organisms is ammonotelic? 1 Mark

1. Birds.
2. Humans.
3. Reptiles.
4. Aquatic animals.

Ans: 1. Aquatic animals.

Explanation:
An ammonotelic organism excretes nitrogenous waste as soluble ammonia. Most of the aquatic animals including protozoans,
crustaceans,
platyhelminths, cnidarians, poriferans, echinoderms, fishes, larvae tadpoles of amphibians are ammonotelic.

Q127. Which is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract? 1 Mark
1. Pepsin.
2. Cellulase.
3. Amylase.
4. Trypsin.

Ans: 3. Amylase.
​Solution: Chemical digestion of food starts in the mouth. Digestion of starch by salivary amylase takes place in mouth. Oesophagus
serves to push the food into stomach only. NO digestion takes place here. Gastric juice of stomach digests the protein part of food.
Pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase as well as intestinal peptidases and maltase carry out chemical digestion of food in small
intestine. The simpler substances formed by chemical digestion are then absorbed small intestinal villi. Large intestine is the organ of
water and salts reabsorption from undigested food and elimination of remaining undigested material out of body.
Q128. The internal (cellular) energy reserve in autotrophs is: 1 Mark
1. Glycogen.
2. Protein.
3. Starch.
4. Fatty acid.

Ans: 3. Starch.
Solution: Autotrophs are the organisms that use light as source of energy, carbon dioxide as chief carbon source and water as
electron donor to fix the atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic compounds (carbohydrates). The main photosynthetic pigment
chlorophyll a and accessory pigments chl b, chl c and carotenoids etc trap the Sunlight to carry out the light reactions of
photosynthesis. The light reaction of photosynthesis produces ATP and reducing agents which in turn serve as energy source to drive
the second phase of photosynthesis (dark reactions) during which carbohydrate synthesis takes place.
The carbohydrates which are not immediately consumed by plants are stored as starch (homopolysaccharide of D-glucose).
Glycogen serves as main stored form of carbohydrates in animals.

Q129. Which of the following is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation? 1 Mark
1. Nostrils → larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs.
2. Nasal passage → trachea → pharynx → larynx → alveoli.
3. Larynx → nostrils → pharynx → lungs.
4. Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli.

Ans: 4. Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli

Explanation:
The correct sequence of air passage during inhalation is as follows:
Nostrils → Nasal chambers → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli.

Q130. The breathing and respiration in woody stem of a plant takes place through: 1 Mark
1. Root hair.
2. Lenticels.
3. Closed stomata.
4. Open stomata.

Ans: 2. Lenticels.
Explanation:
In woody stems, the bark (outer covering of the stem) has lenticels for gaseous exchange.

Q131. One of the following is not a constituent of blood. This one is: 1 Mark
1. Red blood cells.
2. White blood cells.
3. Sieve plates.
4. Platelets.

Ans: 3. Sieve plates.

Explanation:
Sieve plates do not constitute blood. They are a part of phloem.

Q132. Internal respiration may be defined as: 1 Mark

1. Breathing in and releasing of oxygen in the tissue.
2. The oxidation of food substances to release energy.
3. The building up (synthesis) of complex substances.
4. Getting rid of carbon dixode that would accumulate in the tissues.

Ans: 2. The oxidation of food substances to release energy.

Explanation:
Internal respiration may be defined as the oxidation of food substances to release energy.

Q133. The organism having parasitic mode of nutrition is: 1 Mark

1. Penicillium.
 2. Plasmodium.
3. Paramecium.
4. Parrot.

Ans: 2. Plasmodium.
Explanation:
Plasmodium is a microbial parasite that has a parasitic mode of nutrition.

Q134. The diagram represents a section through the small intestine. What is the role of the structure labelled? 1 Mark

What is the role of the structure labelled X?

1. They help to move the food along.
2. They make a large surface area for absorption.
3. They protect against bacteria.
4. They move mucus over the surface.

Ans: 2. They make a large surface area for absorption.

Q135. Which substances are produced by anaerobic respiration in yeast? 1 Mark

Carbon Dioxide Alcohol Lactic Acid Water
(a) ✓ ✓ × ×

(b) ✓ × ✓ ×

(c) × ✓ × ✓

(d) × × ✓ ✓

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: Carbon Dioxide Alcohol Lactic Acid Water

(a) ✓ ✓ × ×

Explanation:
Fermentation is anaerobic respiration and happens without oxygen. Glucose is converted to two ATP, ethanol, and carbon dioxide.
Yeast contains the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase which helps in the formation of alcohol. Due to this reason, fermentation will occur
in yeast which will result in the formation of alcohol and CO2.

Q136. If the saliva is lacking in salivary amylase, then which of the following processes taking place in the buccal cavity 1 Mark
will be affected?
1. Proteins breaking down into amino acids.
2. Starch breaking down into sugars.
3. Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol.
4. Intestinal layer breaking down leading to ulcers.

Ans: 2. Starch breaking down into sugars.

Explanation:
Salivary amylase digests carbohydrates. Starch is a carbohydrate, which is digested and broken down into sugars by the salivary
amylase in the buccal cavity.

Q137. The process of digestion in humans is completed in: 1 Mark

1. Oesophagus.
2. Small intestine.
3. Stomach.
 4. Large intestine.

Ans: 2. Small intestine.

Explanation:
The digestion of food, i.e. carbohydrates, fats and proteins, completes in the small intestine.

Q138. Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal? 1 Mark
1. Mouth → stomach → small intestine → oesophagus → large intestine
2. Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → large intestine → small intestine
3. Mouth → stomach → oesophagus → small intestine → large intestine
4. Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine

Ans: 4. Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine

Explanation:
The various organs of the human digestive system in sequence are: Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small intestine and Large intestine.

Q139. One of the following organisms has a saprophytic mode of nutrition. This organism is: 1 Mark
1. Mushroom.
2. Malarial parasite.
3. Leech.
4. Lice.

Ans: 1. Mushroom
Explanation:
Mushroom obtains its food from decaying organic materials like rotten wood.
Thus, it has a saprophytic mode of nutrition.

Q140. Most of the plants absorb nitrogen in one of the following forms. This is: 1 Mark
1. Proteins.
2. Nitrates and nitrites.
3. Urea.
4. Atmospheric nitrogen.

Ans: 2. Nitrates and nitrites.

Explanation:
Plants cannot absorb atmospheric nitrogen. Plants can uptake nitrogen in the form of nitrates and nitrites only

Q141. Which of the following statements are correct? 1 Mark

1. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon-dioxide by yeast.
2. Fermentation takes place in the case of aerobic bacteria.
3. Fermentation takes place in mitochondria.
4. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.

1. (i) and (iii).

2. (ii) and (iv).
3. (i) and (iv).
4. (ii) and (iii).

Ans: 3. (i) and (iv).

Explanation:
Statements (i) and (iv) are correct. The explanations for wrong statements are as follows:
2. Fermentation takes place in the case of anaerobic bacteria.
3. Fermentation takes place in cytoplasm.

Q142. When a person eats some egg white, proteins and water enter the stomach. Which substances are found leaving 1 Mark
the stomach and leaving the small intestine?
Leaving the stomach Leaving the Small Intestine
(a) Amino acids, glycerol and water Amino acids and water.
(b) Fatty acids, glycerol and water Fatty acids, glycerol and water.
 (c) Protein and water Fatty acids, glycerol.
(d) Protein, Amino acids and water water.
1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: 1. (a)
Leaving the stomach Leaving the Small Intestine
(a) Amino acids, glycerol and water Amino acids and water.

Q143. The diagram below represents a group of organs in the human body. Urine leaves the urinary blada, by passing 1 Mark
through this structure labeled:

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Ans: 4. D
Explanation:
The urethra, an internal sphincter at the junction of the urethra and bladder, and an external sphincter comprising the pelvic floor
muscles, keep the urine in the bladder till it is ready to expel the urine.

Q144. Which of the following is the correct statement regarding bile? 1 Mark
1. Secreted by bile duct and stores in liver.
2. Secreted by gall bladder and stored in liver.
3. Secreted by liver and stored in bile duct.
4. Secreted by liver and stored in gall bladder.

Ans: 4. Secreted by liver and stored in gall bladder.

Explanation:
Bile is secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder till required.

Q145. An animal having double circulation in a three-chambered heart is: 1 Mark

1. Fish.
2. Snake.
3. Deer.
4. Sparrow.

Ans: 2. Snake.
Explanation:
Snake is a reptile and has a double circulation in a three - chambered heart. Pisces (e.g. fish) has a single circulation in a two
chambered heart, while mammals (e.g. deer) and birds (e.g. sparrow) have a double circulation in a four-chambered heart.

Q146. During marathon, we sometimes get painful contractions of leg muscles due to the accumulation of one of the 1 Mark
following in leg muscles. This is:
1. Carbon-dioxide.
2. Alcohol.
3. Lactose.
4. Lactic acid.

Ans: 4. Lactic acid.

Explanation:
 During a marathon, most of the energy in our muscles is produced through aerobic respiration, while anaerobic respiration provides
some extra energy needed under these conditions. The anaerobic respiration by the muscles brings about partial breakdown of
glucose to form lactic acid. The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes muscle cramps.

Q147. The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires: 1 Mark

1. Carbon dioxide and water
2. Chlorophyll
3. Sunlight
4. All of the above.

Ans: 4. All of the above.

Q148. An animal in which the oxygenation of blood does not take place in the lungs is: 1 Mark
1. Cow.
2. Fish.
3. Frog.
4. Fox.

Ans: 2. Fish
Explanation:
The aquatic animals like fish have gills as their respiratory organs. Gills extract oxygen dissolved in water and take away carbon-
dioxide from the body. On the other hand, cow, frog and fox, breathe through lungs.

Q149. Which of the following statements are true about respiration? 1 Mark
1. During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised.
2. The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli.
3. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon-dioxide than oxygen.
4. Alveoli increase surface area of the exchange of gases.

1. (i) and (iv).

2. (ii) and (iii).
3. (i) and (iii).
4. (ii) and (iv).

Ans: 4. (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:
Statements (ii) and (iv) are correct. The explanation for incorrect statements is given below:
1. During inhalation, ribs move outward and diaphragm moves downward.
3. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon monoxide than oxygen.

Q150. When carrying out the starch test on a leaf, why is it important to boil the leaf in alcohol? 1 Mark
1. To dissolve the waxy cuticle.
2. To make the cells more permeable to iodine solution.
3. To remove the chlorophy ll.
4. To stop chemical reactions in the cells.

Ans: 3. To remove the chlorophy ll.

Explanation:
when carrying out the starch test, it is important to remove the chlorophy ll by boiling the leaf in alcohol. This is done because the
green colour of the chlorophy ll interferes with the iodine test.

Q151. Choose the event that does not occur in photosynthesis: 1 Mark
1. Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
2. Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
3. Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide.
4. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy.

Ans: 3. Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide.

​Solution: Photosynthesis is the process wherein light as source of energy, carbon dioxide as chief carbon source and water as electron
donor to fix the atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic compounds (carbohydrates).
 The main photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a and accessory pigments chl b, chl c and carotenoids etc trap the Sunlight to carry out
the light reactions of photosynthesis. The light reaction of photosynthesis produces ATP and reducing agents which in turn serve as
energy source to drive the second phase of photosynthesis (dark reactions) during which carbohydrate synthesis takes place.
Oxidation of complex carbon compounds take place during cellular respiration which makes option C correct answer.

Q152. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct? 1 Mark

1. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast.
2. Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.
3. Fermentation takes place in mitochondria.
4. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.

1. (i) and (iii).

2. (ii) and (iv).
3. (i) and (iv).
4. (ii) and (iii).

Ans: 3. (i) and (iv).

Solution: Fermentation takes place in anaerobes. Fermentation does not take place in mitochondria. Hence, Options (ii) and (iii) are
incorrect.

Q153. The procedure of cleaning the blood of a person by using a kidney machine is known as: 1 Mark
1. Ketolysis.
2. Hydrolysis.
3. Dialysis.
4. Photolysis.

Ans: 3. Dialysis.
Explanation:
The process of removing wastes (urea) from the blood using a kidney machine is known as dialysis.

Q154. The number of chamber(s) present in human heart is: 1 Mark

1. One.
2. Two.
3. Three.
4. Four.

Ans: 4. Four.
Explanation:
In humans, other mammals, and birds, the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right atria and lower left and right
ventricles. Commonly the right atrium and ventricle are referred together as the right heart and their left counterparts as the
left heart.

Q155. The diagram shows part of the human gas exchange system. 1 Mark
Bronchus Bronchiole Laeynx Trachea
(a) W X Z Y
(b) X Z Y W
(c) Y W X Z
(d) Z Y W X
1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: Bronchus Bronchiole Laeynx Trachea

(d) Z Y W X

Q156. In human digestive system, the enzymes pepsin and trypsin are secreted respectively by: 1 Mark
1. Pancreas and liver.
 2. Stomach and salivary glands.
3. Pancreas and gall bladder.
4. Stomach and pancreas.

Ans: 4. Stomach and pancreas.

Explanation:
Pepsin is secreted by the stomach and trypsin is secreted by the pancreas.

Q157. Choose the correct statement that describes arteries. 1 Mark

1. They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under high pressure; collect blood from different organs and bring
it back to the heart.
2. They have thin walls with valves inside, blood flows under low pressure and carry blood away from the
heart to various organs of the body.
3. They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under low pressure; carry blood from the heart to various organs
of the body.
4. They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure and carry blood away
from the heart to different parts of the body.

Ans: 4. They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure and carry blood away from the heart to different
parts of the body.
Solution: Arteries are the valveless blood vessels which serve to transport the blood away from the heart to various body parts. The
thick strong elastic walls of arteries withstand the high pressure of blood coming from heart.

Q158. It has been found that people living in very high mountains have many more red corpuscles in their blood than 1 Mark
people living in plains. Which one of the following best accounts for this phenomenon?
1. The cold climate stimulates the production of red corpuscles to keep the body warm.
2. People of high mountains breathe more quickly.
3. The low air pressure requires more red corpuscles to supply the body cells with oxygen.
4. The low air pressure in high mountains speeds up the blood circulation so that more red corpuscles are
needed.

Ans: 3. The low air pressure requires more red corpuscles to supply the body cells with oxygen.
Explanation:
At high altitude, the atmospheric pressure of oxygen is low. As a result, the number of red blood cells in the body cannot meet the
cell's demands for oxygen.
Therefore, the body increases its red blood cell count in order to supply more oxygen to the body cells, even with less oxygen in the
atmosphere.
Hence, people living on very high mountains have more red corpuscles in their blood than those living in plains.

Q159. The table shows the characteristics of blood in one blood vessel of the body. 1 Mark
Oxygen concentration Carbon dioxide concentration Pressure
High Low High
Which blood vessel contains blood with these characteristics?
1. Aorta.
2. Pulmonary artery.
3. Pulmonary vein.
4. Vena cava.

Ans: 1. Aorta.
Explanation:
The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle, the heart's muscular pumping chamber.
The heart pumps blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valve. Aorta is the only blood vessel which transports
the oxygenated blood from the heart to different parts of the body. As the blood is oxygenated and this blood vessel the oxygen
concentration is high, carbon dioxide concentration is low and the blood pressure is very high so as to supply the oxygenated blood to
different parts of the body.

Q160. In which order do these events occur in human nutrition? 1 Mark

1. Digestion → ingestion → absorption → assimilation.
2. Digestion → ingestion → assimilation → absorption.
 3. Ingestion → digestion → absorption → assimilation.
4. Ingestion → digestion → assimilation → absorption.

Ans: 3. Ingestion → digestion → absorption → assimilation.

Explanation:
Ingestion – consumption/ taking in of food.
Digestion – breaking up of food particles into small fragments.
Absorption – absorption of broken down food particles into the blood.
Assimilation – soluble food molecules move to different organs to provide energy through blood.

Q161. Which of the following is accomplished in a plant by utilising the energy stored in ATP? 1 Mark
1. Transport of food.
2. Transport of water and minerals.
3. Transport of oxygen.
4. Transport of water, minerals and food.

Ans: 1. Transport of food.

Explanation:
The translocation (transport of food) in phloem takes place by utilising the energy stored in the ATP molecules. It takes place in the
sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells, both in upward and downward direction.

Q162. Which of the following are the correct functions of two components of pancreatic juice trypsin and lipase? 1 Mark
1. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates.
2. Trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins.
3. Trypsin digests starch and lipase fats.
4. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats.

Ans: 4. Trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats.

Explanation:
Trypsin and lipase are enzymes present in the pancreatic juice that digest proteins and emulsified fats, respectively.

Q163. In which of the following are the largest amounts of nitrogen excreted from a mammalian body? 1 Mark
1. Breath.
2. Sweat.
3. Urine.
4. Faeces.

Ans: 3. Urine.
Explanation:
The largest amount of nitrogen is excreted from a mammalian body as urine.

Q164. In photosynthesis, which substances are used up, which are produced and which are necessary, but remain 1 Mark
unchanged after the reaction?
Produced Produced Remain
(a) Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen
(b) Chlorophyll Carbon dioxide Water
(c) Oxygen Starch Cellulose
(d) Water Oxygen Chlorophyll

Ans: Produced Produced Remain

(a) Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen
Explanation:
In photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide are used as raw materials to produce glucose and release out oxygen. This process
occurs in the presence of green pigment chlorophyll present in leaves of the plant, which remains unchanged after the reaction.

Q165. Which of the following events does not occur in photosynthesis? 1 Mark
1. Conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
 2. Reduction of carbon-dioxide to carbohydrates.
3. Oxidation of carbon to carbon-dioxide.
4. Absorption of light energy by chlorophy ll.

Ans: 3. Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide.

Explanation:
Photosynthesis involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by chlorophy ll. In this process, carbon dioxide is reduced
to carbohydrates.

Q166. Only two of the following statements accurately describe what happens in the mouth. 1 Mark
1. Amylase breaks down large starch molecules into smaller maltose molecules.
2. Chewing increases the surface area of food for digestion.
3. Saliva emulsifies fats into smaller droplets.
4. Teeth breakup large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules. Which statements are correct?

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 3 and 4
4. 1 and 4

Ans: 2. 2 and 3

Q167. Assertion: 1 Mark

(A) In the day time, CO2 generated during respiration is used up for photosynthesis.
Reason:
(R) There is no CO2 release during day.
1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true, but R is false.
4. A is false, but R is false.

Ans: 1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q168. During respiration, the exchange of gases takes place in: 1 Mark
1. Bronchi.
2. Alveoli.
3. Bronchioles.
4. Trachea.

Ans: 2. Alveoli.
Explanation:
Alveoli are the pouch - like air sacs at the end of the small bronchioles. The walls of alveoli are very thin. Also, they are surrounded by
very thin blood capillaries. It is in the alveoli that the gaseous exchange takes place.

Q169. One of the following organisms can live without oxygen of air. This organism is: 1 Mark
1. Amoeba.
2. Yak.
3. Yeast.
4. Leech.

Ans: 3. Yeast.
Explanation:
Yeast can live without the oxygen present in the air. This is because it obtains energy by the process of anaerobic respiration.

Q170. Which of the following represents the photosynthesis correctly? 1 Mark

1. 6CO 2 + 12H2 O −
−→ C6 H12 O6 + 6H2 O + 6O2
Sunlight

2. 6CO 2 + 12H2 O −−−−−→ C6 H12 O6 + O2 + 6H2 O

Sunlight

3. 6CO 2 + 12H2 O −−−−−−−→ C6 H12 O6 + 6HO2 + O2

Chlorophyll
 Sunlight

4. 6CO 2 + 12H2 O −−−−−−−→ C6 H12 O6 + 6CO2 + 6H2 O

Chlorophyll

Ans: Sunlight

4. 6CO 2 + 12H2 O −−−−−−−→ C6 H12 O6 + 6CO2 + 6H2 O

Chlorophyll

Explanation:
Oxygenic photosynthesis is written as follows:
6CO2 + 12H2 O Light Energy → C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 + 6H2 O

Q171. All reptiles have a three-chambered heart except: 1 Mark

1. Snake.
2. Crocodile.
3. Lizard.
4. Both (b) and (c).

Ans: 2. Crocodile.
Explanation:
Crocodule has four chambered heart.

Q172. The process of release of urine is called. 1 Mark

1. Micturition.
2. Sweating.
3. Egestion.
4. Excretion.

Ans: 1. Micturition.
Explanation:
Urination, also called Micturition, the process of excreting urine from the urinary bladder.

Q173. Which breathing organ is helpful in initialising the process of inspiration and expiration of air? 1 Mark
1. Diaphragm.
2. Alveoli.
3. Larynx.
4. Nostrils.

Ans: 1. Diaphragm.
Explanation:
The diaphragm is a barrier method of birth control. It is moderately effective, with a one-year failure rate of around 12% with typical
use. It is placed over the cervix with spermicide before sex and left in place for at least six hours after sex. Fitting by a healthcare
provider is generally required.

Q174. Which of the following carries substances upwards as well as downwards in a plant? 1 Mark
1. Xylem.
2. Companion cells.
3. Phloem.
4. Tracheids.

Ans: 3. Phloem.
Explanation:
In a plant, phloem carries substances (food) upwards as well as downwards.

Q175. An experiment is set up as shown. Flasks 1 and 2 contain lime water. Air is pumped through the flasks. 1 Mark
What is the appearance of lime water flasks 1 and 2 after a period of ten minutes?
Flask 1 Flask 2
(a) Clear Clear
(b) Clear White/ Cloudy
(c) White/ Cloudy Clear
(d) White/ Cloudy White/ Cloudy
1. (a)
 2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Ans: Flask 1 Flask 2

(b) Clear White/ Cloudy

Q176. A plant is kept in the dark for two days. A leaf is used in an experiment to investigate the effect of two factors on 1 Mark
photosynthesis as shown in the diagram.
What are the colours of Q and R, when the leaf is tested for starch, using iodine solution?
Q R
(a) Blue/ black Brown
(b) Brown Brown
(c) Blue/ black Blue/ black
(d) Brown Blue/ black
1. (i)
2. (ii)
3. (iii)
4. (iv)

Ans: 3. Blue/ Black

Explanation:
Yes, there will be difference in results of two experiments.This is because, since it was kept in a dark room where there was no
sunlight, the plant was unable to prepare the food by photosynthesis. An whne kept in sunlight, the plants prepare food which results
in leaf turning blue-black as there is presence of starch.

Q177. Coagulation of blood in a cut or wound is brought about by: 1 Mark

1. Plasma.
2. Platelets.
3. WBC.
4. RBC.

Ans: 2. Platelets.
Explanation:
Platelets release chemicals responsible for blood clotting at the site of a cut or a wound. These chemicals help in the coagulation of
blood. The main function of the platelets is to form clot and prevent bleeding.

Q178. The inner lining of stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid. Choose the correct one: 1 Mark
1. Pepsin.
2. Mucus.
3. Salivary amylase.
4. Bile.

Ans: 2. Mucus.
Solution: Mucus protects the inner lining of stomach from hydrochloric acid.

Q179. Which chambers of human heart contain oxygenated blood? 1 Mark

1. Left atrium and left ventricle.
2. Left atrium and right ventricle.
3. Right atrium and left ventricle.
4. Right atrium and right ventricle.

Ans: 2. Left atrium and right ventricle.

Explanation:
The heart consists of four chambers in which blood flows. Blood enters the right atrium and passes through the right ventricle. The
right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated. The oxygenated blood is brought back to the heart by the
pulmonary veins which enter the left atrium.
Q180. Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which digest:
1. Proteins and carbohydrates only. 1 Mark
2. Proteins and fats only.
3. Fats and carbohydrates only.
4. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Ans: 4. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Explanation:
Pancreatic juice has the enzymes amylase for the digestion of carbohydrates, trypsin for the digestion of proteins and lipase for the
digestion of emulsified fats.

Q181. The oxygen liberated during photosynthesis by green plants comes from: 1 Mark
1. Glucose.
2. Water.
3. Carbon-dioxide.
4. Chlorophy ll.

Ans: 2. water.
Explanation:
During photosynthesis, the water molecule is split into hydrogen and oxygen.