FPM Workbook Final

TOPIC: 1 QUADRATIC FACTORIZATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. 3
10. 3
11. 6
12. 15
13. 4
14.10
15.
16.
17. 25
18. 9
19. 4
20. 2
Page: 1
TOPIC: 2 QUADRATIC EQUATION SOLVING
1.
14. 6
2.
15. 0
3.
16. 4
4.
17. 2
5.
18.
6.
19.
7.
21.
8.
22. 36
9.
23. (2
10.
24. 11
11.
25.
12.
13. 0
1.
2.
3.
4. 0
5. 4
6. 0
7. 5
8. 2
9. 11
Page: 2
TOPIC: 3 COMPLETING SQUARE - I
1. +3
2. +2
3. +6
4. +1
5. -1
6. +7
7. -3
8. +2
9. +8
10. -6
11. +8
12. -1
Page: 3
TOPIC: 4 COMPLETING SQUARE - II
1. f ( x ) = 2x2 – 8x + 5
Given that f ( x ) can be written in the form a( x – b)2 + c
(a) find the value of a, the value of b and the value of c.
(b) Write down

(i) the minimum value of f ( x ),
(ii) the value of x at which this minimum occurs.
2. f(x) = 3x2 + 6x + 7
Given that f(x) can be written in the form A(x + B)2 + C, where A, B and C are rational
numbers,
(a) find the value of A, the value of B and the value of C.
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find

1
(i) the value of x for which is a maximum,
f ( x)
1
(ii) the maximum value of .
f ( x)
3. f(x) ≡ 3 – 5x – 7x2
(a) Show that f(x) can be written in the form A – B(x + C)2, stating the values of
A, B and C.
(b) Write down the maximum value of f(x) and the value of x for which this maximum
occurs.
4. f ( x ) = x2 + 6 x + 8
Given that f ( x ) can be expressed in the form ( x + A ) + B where A and B are constants,
2
(a) find the value of A and the value of B.
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find

(i) the value of x for which f ( x ) has its least value
(ii) the least value of f ( x ) .
Page: 4
TOPIC: 5 QUADRATIC GRAPH SKETCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Page: 5
TOPIC: 6 LINEAR INEQUALITY AND QUADRATIC INEQALITY
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
1. 9.
2. 10.
3. 11.
4. 12.
5. 13.
6. 14.
7. 15.
8. 16.
Page: 6
TOPIC: 7 DISCRIMINANT - I
Calculate
WE10 the value of the discriminant for each of the following and use it to
determine how many solutions the equation will have.
1. x2 − 19x + 88 = 0
2. x2 − 10x + 17 = 0
3. x2 + 16x + 62 = 0
4. 9x2 − 36x + 36 = 0
5. x2 + 9x − 22 = 0
6. 25x2 − 10x + 1 = 0
7. x 2 − 10x + 26 = 0
8. x 2 − 11x + 30 = 0
Page: 7
TOPIC: 8 DISCRIMINANT - II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. Find the set of values of p for which the equation x2 + 2px + (10 – 3p) = 0 has real, unequal
roots.
8. Find the set of values of the constant p for which the equation
4x2 + 4(2 – p)x + (3p – 8) = 0 has no real roots.
9. Find the set of values of m for which the equation x2 + mx + 9 = 0 has real roots.
10. The equation x2 + 4px + 9 = 0 has unequal real roots. Find the set of possible values of p.
11. The equation 2x2 + 3x + c = 0, where c is a constant, has two equal roots.
(a) Find the value of c.
(b) Solve the equation.
Page: 8
TOPIC: 9 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION SOLVING
A Solve the following equations simultaneously
1. 6 4. 12
22 21
2. 7 16 5. 3 6
2 29 6 2
3. 5 6. 3
3 6
B Solve the following equations simultaneously
1. xy = 6 ,
xy + x + y =11
2. x − 2y = 3
2 y 2 + 2 xy + x 2 = 1
3 y = x 2 − 3x + 2
y−x=7
4. 2x 2 + xy – y 2 = 36
x + 2y = 1
5. x2 + xy – 3x = 2
5y + 6x = 22
Page: 9
TOPIC: 10 FACTOR REMAINDER THEOREM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. f(x) = 2x3 + px2 – 5x + 6

Given that (x – 3) is a factor of f(x), find the value of p.
Page: 10
TOPIC: 11 CUBIC FACTORIZATION - I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 11
TOPIC: 12 QUBIC FACTORIZATION - II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. f (x) = x3 + px2 –11x + q, p, q ∈ R

Given that (x + 5) and (x – 3) are factors of f(x),
(a) form a pair of simultaneous equations in p and q,
(b) find the value of p and the value of q,
(c) factorise f(x) completely,
7. f(x) = x3 + px 2 − qx − 6, p, q ∈ ]
Given that x − 2 and x + 3 are factors of f(x),

(a) find the value of p and the value of q.
(b) Hence, or otherwise, factorise f(x) completely.
Page: 12
TOPIC: 13 QUBIC FACTORIZATION - III
1. f(x) = x3 + px2 + qx + 6 p, q ]
Given that f(x) = (x – 1)(x – 3) (x + r)
(a) find the value of r.
Hence, or otherwise,
(b) find the value of p and the value of q.
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3. f (x ) = x3 + px 2 + qx − 36 , p and q ∈ ] +
The three roots of the equation f (x ) = 0 are α , α and 4 , where α ∈ ] + .
(a) Show that α = 3
(b) Hence find the value of p and the value of q.
4. f (x ) = x3 + 2 x 2 − 5 x − 6
(a) Factorise x 2 − x − 2
(b) Hence, or otherwise, show that (x 2 − x − 2 ) is a factor of f (x ) .
5. f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + 6, a, b ∈
(x – 2) is a factor of f (x).
When f (x) is divided by (x + 3) the remainder is –15
Find the value of a and the value of b.
6. f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, where a, b, c and d are integers.

Given that f(0) = 6
(a) show that d = 6
When f(x) is divided by (x – 1) the remainder is – 6
When f(x) is divided by (x + 1) the remainder is 12
(b) Find the value of b.
Given also that (x – 3) is a factor of f(x),
(c) find the value of a and the value of c,
(d) express f(x) as a product of linear factors.
Page: 13
TOPIC: 14 CUBIC CURVE SKETCHING
1.
2.
3.
Page: 14
TOPIC: 15 ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION - I
1. (a) Show that

(i) (α + β)(α2 – αβ + β2) ≡ α3 + β3,
(ii) (α – β)(α2 + αβ + β2) ≡ α3 – β3.
The equation 2x2 + 7x + 4 = 0 has roots α and β , where α > β. Without solving the
equation, calculate the value of
(b) (α – β)2,
(c) α 3+ β 3.
Hence
(d) find the value of α 3– β 3, giving your answer in the form k√m, where k is rational and
m is a prime number,
α2 β2
(e) form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, which has roots and .
β α
2. f (x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 5
The roots of the equation f (x ) = 0 are α and β, where α > β.
Without solving the equation, calculate the value of
(a) α 2 + β 2,
(b) (α – β ) 2.
Hence
(c) calculate the value of α 3 + β 3,
(d) calculate the exact value of α 3 – β 3, giving your answer in the form k √ 6
(e) form an equation with roots (α – β ) 2 and (α + β ) 2.
3. f (x) = x2 + 7x + 3, x ∈ \
The equation f (x) = 0 has roots α and β where α > β.
Without solving the equation, calculate the value of
(a) α3 + β3 ,
2
(b) (α – β ) .
Hence
(c) calculate the exact value of α3 – β3 ,
α β
(d) form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, with roots 2
and 2 .
β α
Page: 15
4 The roots of the equation x 2 + 6 x + 2 = 0 are α and β, where α>β. Without solving the
equation
(a) find
(i) the value of α2 + β 2
(ii) the value of α4 + β 4
(b) Show that α ββ = 2  7
(c) Factorise completely α4 β 4
(d) Hence find the exact value of α4 β 4
Given that β 4 = A + B  7 where A and B are positive constants
(e) find the value of A and the value of B.
Page: 16
TOPIC: 16 ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION - II
1. f (x) = x2 – 7x + 3
The equation f (x) = 0 has roots α and β . Without solving the equation,
(a) find the value of (α 2 + 1)( β 2 + 1) ,
α β
(b) form an equation with roots and .
(α 2 + 1) (β 2+ 1)
2. f(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 1
The equation f(x) = 0 has roots and . Without solving the equation
(a) find the value of 2 + 2
433
(b) show that 4 + 4 =
16
(c) form a quadratic equation with integer coefficients which has roots
⎛ 2 1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 1 ⎞
⎜⎝α + 2 ⎟⎠ and ⎜β + 2 ⎟
α ⎝ β ⎠
3. The equation 2x2 – 7x + 4 = 0 has roots and

Without solving this equation, form a quadratic equation with integer coefficients which
1 1
has roots α + and β +
β α
4. f(x) ≡ 3 – 5x – 7x2
(a) Show that f(x) can be written in the form A – B(x + C)2, stating the values of
A, B and C.
(b) Write down the maximum value of f(x) and the value of x for which this maximum
occurs.
The equation f(x) = 0 has roots α and β.
Without solving the equation find, as exact fractions,
(c) α2 + β 2,
α β
(d) + .
β α
α β
(e) Form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, which has roots and .
β α
Page: 17
5. f (x) = 3x2 – 6x – 2
The equation f (x) = 0 has roots αand β.
Without solving the equation, form an equation with integer coefficients,

1
(a) with roots αβ and ,
αβ
(b) with roots 2α + β and α + 2β.
(c) Express f (x) in the form f (x) = A(x + B)2 + C, stating the values of the constants A,
B and C.
(d) Hence write down
(i) the minimum value of f (x),
(ii) the value of x for which this minimum occurs.
Page: 18
TOPIC: 17 ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION - III
1. The equation x2 + px + 1 = 0 has roots and

(a) Find, in terms of p, an expression for
(i) +
(ii) 2 + 2
(iii) 3 + 3
(b) Find a quadratic equation, with coefficients expressed in terms of p, which has roots
3 and 3
2. f ( x ) = x 2 + (k – 3)x + 4
The roots of the equation f ( x ) = 0 are Į and ȕ
(a) Find, in terms of k, the value of Į 2 + ȕ 2
Given that 4(Į 2 + ȕ 2) = 7 Į 2 ȕ 2
(b) without solving the equation f ( x ) = 0 , form a quadratic equation, with integer
1 1
coefficients, which has roots 2 and 2
α β
(c) find the possible values of k.
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Page: 19
4. f ( x) = x 2 + kx − 5, k ∈ \.
The roots of the equation f (x) = 0 are α and β.

(a) Find, in terms of k where appropriate, the value of
(i) α 2 + β 2, (ii) α 2 β 2.
Given that 5(α 2 + β 2 ) = 7α 2 β 2,
(b) find the possible values of k.
Using the positive value of k found in part (b), and without solving the equation f (x) = 0,
1 1
(c) form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, which has roots ___ and ___ .
α2 β2
Page: 20
TOPIC: 18 ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION - IV
1. f(x) = 3x2 – 6x + p.
The equation f(x) = 0 has roots α and β. Without solving the equation f(x) = 0,
(a) form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, which has roots (α + β) and
1
,
α+ β
α+ β α+ β
(b) form a quadratic equation which has roots and .
α β
Given that 3 is a root of the equation found in part (b), find
(c) the value of p,
(d) the other root of the equation.
2. f(x) = 2x2 + px + 3, where p is a constant.
The equation f(x) = 0 has roots α and β. Without solving the equation,
1
(a) form a quadratic equation, with integer coefficients, which has roots α 2 β 2 and ,
α β2
2
(b) form, in terms of p, a quadratic equation which has roots α 2 and β 2.
Given that 3 is a root of the equation found in part (b), find
(c) the value of the other root of the equation,
(d) the possible values of p.
3. The equation x 2 + mx + 15 = 0 has roots Į and ȕ and the equation x 2 + hx + k = 0 has
roots and
(a) Write down the value of k

(b) Find an expression for h in terms of m
Given that ȕ = 2Į + 1
(c) find the two possible values of Į
(d) Hence find the two possible values of m
Page: 21
TOPIC: 19 SURDS
A Simplify each expression.
1. 19.
2. 20.
21.
3.
22.
4.
23.
5.
24.
6.
25.
7.
26.
8.
27. 3 ( 3 + 15 )
9.
2
28. ( 7 + 2 )
10.
29. ( 5 + 6 ) ( 2 + 5 )
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Page: 22
B Rationalise the denominator of each expression:
1. 5
----------
2 5
2. 2 3
----------
3 2
3. 1 1
------- + -------
2 3
4. 3 2
---------- – ----------
2 5 3 2
5.
6.
7.
5–2
8. ----------------
5+2
2+ 3
9. ---------------------
2– 3
5 2
10. ------- – ----------------
3 3–1
3 2
11. ---------------- × ----------------
5+2 5+1
7+2 2 3+1
12. ---------------- ÷ --------------------
3+1 2 7–1
Page: 23
TOPIC: 20 INDICES
Simplify each expression.
1. 19.
2. 20.
3. 21.
4. 22.
5. 23.
6. 24.
25.
7.
8. 26.
9. 27.
10. 28.
29.
11.
30.
12.
31.
13.
32.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Page: 24
TOPIC: 21 INDICES - II
1. 16.
2. 17.
3.
18.
4.
19.
5.
20.
6. 21.
7. 22.
8. 23.
9. 24.
10. 25.
11. 26.
12. 27.
1 1
--- ---
13. 28. 5x 2 × 4x 2
29. 10x2 ÷ 5x4

14.
1
---
15. 30. ( 36m 4 n 6 ) 2
Page: 25
TOPIC: 22 LOGARITHM - I
A B C
1. 1. 1.
2.
2. 2.
3. 3.
3.
4. 4.
4.
5. 5.
5.
6. 6.
7. 7.
8. 8.
9.
10.
D Solve
D ORJ q (j ) log 3 ( 5y + 3) = 5
E ORJ \ (k ) log 7 (2 x – 3) = 2
(c) log 4 (3q + 4) = 3 . (l) log (5n + 9) = 3,

4
(d) log p = 4 (m) log 1024 = 5

5 x
(e) log 343 = 3, (n) log (6y + 11) = 3

x 5
(f) log x 125 = 3 (o) log m 16807 = 5

(g) log 4 (9 y + 4 ) = 4 (p) log 6 (7 n − 1) = 3
(h) log 5 625 = x

(q) log 3(5x + 12) + log3 x = 2.
(i) log 5 (3x + 19) = 4.
Page: 26
TOPIC: 23 LOGARITHM - II
A
20
700
11
0.3
B
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
C
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 27
TOPIC: 24 LOGARITHM -III
log x 1
1. (a) Given that log a x = b
show that log a b =
log b a log b a
(b) Hence solve the equation

log x 8 − 6 log8 x = 1
2. Solve the equation
(a) logm 4 + 8 log4 m = 6,
(b) 2logm 8 + 3log8 m = 7
F ORJ S ORJS
(d) Solve 12 log p 5 = 3log 5 p
(e) 2log3 t + logt 9 = 5
(f) 3 − log 3 p = log p 9
(g)
(h)
(i)
Page: 28
TOPIC: 25 LOGARITHM - IV
1. Solve the equations
a. log p q + 3log q p = 4
pq = 81
b. log x 16 – 2log9 y = 19
3logx 16 + 4log9 y = 14
c. 2 log 4 x – log2 y = 3
log 5 (3x + y) = 4
2. Solve the equation

log 3 x – 3x log3 x + 6x = 4.
3. (i) Show that log 4 3 + log 4 6 + log 4 12 + log 4 24 = 3 + 4 log 4 3

3
(ii) Solve the equation log 4 3 + log 4 6 + log 4 12 + log 4 24 = 3 + log 4 x + log 4 x
4.
f x = 2 x log x 3 − 5 log x 9 − x + 5
(i) Find the value of a and the value of b so that
(ii) Hence solve the equation f x = 0 .
5. (i) Factorise 2 x ln 3 x – 4 x – 4 ln 3 x + 8
(ii) Hence find the exact roots of the equation 2 x ln 3 x – 4 x – 4 ln 3 x + 8 = 0
6. (i) Factorise 5 x ln x + 3ln x − 10 x − 6

(ii) Hence find the exact solution of the equation
5 x ln x + 3ln x − 10 x − 6 = 0
7. (a) Solve the equation log4 2 = p.

Given that log2 3 = k log4 3
(b) find the value of k.
 x5 x −2 
(c) Show that 5x log4 x – 2log4 x – 10x log2 3 + 4log2 3 = log4  20 x −8  .
3 
(d) Hence solve the equation 5x log4 x – 2log4 x – 10x log2 3 + 4log2 3 = 0.
Page: 29
TOPIC: 26 INDICES AND LOGARITHM
Page: 30
TOPIC: 27 TRIGONOMETRY - I
1. Find the values of 𝑥 for the following for which, -360 < 𝑥< 360
1 1 1
a. i) sin 𝑥 = 2 b. i) cos 𝑥 = 2 c. i) tan 𝑥 =
√3
√3 √3
ii) sin 𝑥 = − ii) cos 𝑥 = − ii) tan 𝑥 = −√3
2 2
iii) sin 𝑥 = 1 iii) cos 𝑥 = 1 iii) tan 𝑥 = 1
iv) sin 𝑥 = 0 iv) cos 𝑥 = 0 iv) tan 𝑥 = 0
v) sin 𝑥 = −1 v) cos 𝑥 = −1 v) tan 𝑥 = −1
2. Find the values of 𝑥 for the following for which, −2𝜋 < 𝑥< 2𝜋
1 1 1
a. i) sin 𝑥 = 2 b. i) cos 𝑥 = c. i) tan 𝑥 =
2 √3
√3 √3
ii) sin 𝑥 = − ii) cos 𝑥 = − ii) tan 𝑥 = −√3
2 2
iii) sin 𝑥 = 1 iii) cos 𝑥 = 1 iii) tan 𝑥 = 1
iv) sin 𝑥 = 0 iv) cos 𝑥 = 0 iv) tan 𝑥 = 0
v) sin 𝑥 = −1 v) cos 𝑥 = −1 v) tan 𝑥 = −1
Page: 31
TOPIC: 28 TRIGONOMETRY - II
Find the values of 𝑥 for the following for which, -360<𝑥<360
√3 1
a. i) sin(𝑥 + 30) = b. i) cos(𝑥 + 30) = c. i) tan(2𝑥 + 30) = 1
2 2
1
ii) sin( 𝑥 − 60) = − ii) cos(𝑥 − 60) = −
√3 ii) tan(2𝑥 − 60) = 1
2 2
1 1
iii) sin(𝑥 + 45) = 2 iii) cos(𝑥 + 45) = iii) tan(2𝑥 + 30) = √3
2
1 1 √3
iv) sin 2𝑥 = 2 iv) cos 2𝑥 = 2 iv) tan(2𝑥 − 60) = −
3
√3 1
v) sin(2𝑥 + 30) = v) cos(2𝑥 + 30) = 2
2
√2 √2
vi) sin(2𝑥 − 60) = − vi) cos(2𝑥 − 60) = − 2
2
1
vii) sin(2𝑥 + 45) =
1 vii) cos(2𝑥 + 45) = 2
2
Page: 32
TOPIC: 29 TRIGONOMETRY - III
Find the values of 𝑥 for the following for which, −2𝜋 < 𝑥< 2𝜋
𝜋 1
𝜋
a. i) sin (𝑥 + ) =
√3
b. i) cos (𝑥 + ) = 2 c. i) tan(2𝑥 + 𝜋) = 1
6 2 6 6
𝜋 1 𝜋 √3 𝜋
ii) sin (𝑋 − 3 ) = − 2 ii) cos (𝑥 − 3 ) = − ii) tan (2𝑥 − ) = 1
2 3
𝜋 1 𝜋 1 𝜋
iii) sin (𝑥 + 4 ) = iii) cos (𝑥 + 4 ) = iii) tan (2𝑥 + ) = √3
2 2 6
1 1 𝜋 √3
iv) sin 2𝑥 = iv) cos 2𝑥 = 2 iv) tan (2𝑥 − ) = −
2 3 3
𝜋 √3 𝜋 1
v) sin (2𝑥 + 6 ) = 2
v) cos (2𝑥 + 6 ) = 2
𝜋 √2 𝜋 √2
vi) sin (2𝑥 − 3 ) = − vi) cos (2𝑥 − 3 ) = − 2
2
𝜋 1 𝜋 1
vii) sin (2𝑥 + 4 ) = 2 vii) cos (2𝑥 + 4 ) = 2
Page: 33
TOPIC: 30 TRIGONOMETRY - IV
Prove each of the following identities.
1. tan x sin x + cos x = 1 1 cos x sin x 2

11. + =
cos x sin x 1 cos x sin x
1 1 tan2 x 1
2. + tan x = 12. 1 2 cos2 x =
tan x sin x cos x tan2 x + 1
3. sin x sin x cos2 x = sin3 x 13. sin4 x cos4 x = 1 2 cos2 x
cos x cos x
4. = 2 tan x 14. (sin x cos x)2 + (sin x + cos x)2 = 2
1 sin x 1 + sin x
sin4 x cos4 x sin2 x + 4 sin x + 3 3 + sin x

5. =1 15. 2
=
sin2 x cos2 x cos x 1 sin x
tan2 x sin3 x + cos3 x

6. = sin2 x 16. =1 sin x cos x
tan2 x + 1 sin x + cos x
1 sin x cos x sin2 x 1 cos x

7. = 17. =
cos x 1 + sin x 2
cos x + 3 cos x + 2 2 + cos x
cos x 1
8. tan x + = 1 + tan x cos x + sin x
1 + sin x cos x 18. =
1 tan x cos x sin x
1 + tan2 x 1
9. =
1 tan x2
cos x sin2 x
2
10. tan2 x sin2 x = tan2 x sin2 x
Page: 34
TOPIC: 31 TRIGONOMETRY - V
1. Sketch the following graphs, in the following range, 0 ≪ 𝑥 ≪ 360.
a. y= sin 𝑥
b. y= sin(𝑥 + 30)
c. y= sin( 𝑥 − 60)
d. y= 2sin 𝑥
e. y= 2sin(𝑥 + 45)

a. y = cos 𝑥
b. y = cos(𝑥 + 30)
c. y = cos( 𝑥 − 60)
d. y = 2cos 𝑥
e. y = 2cos(𝑥 − 45)
a. y = tan 𝑥
b. y = tan(𝑥 + 30)
c. y = tan( 𝑥 − 60)
4. Sketch the following graphs, in the following range, 0 ≪ 𝑥 ≪ 2𝜋.
a. y = sin 𝑥
𝜋
b. y = 2sin(𝑥 + )
3
c. y = cos 𝑥
𝜋
d. y = 2cos(𝑥 − 4 )
e. y = tan 𝑥
Page: 35
TOPIC: 32 TRIGOMETRY - VI
1. Solve, for –180° θ < 180°, 6sin2 θ –7cos θ = 1
2. Solve, for –90 < x - 90, the equation
6sin2 xq – cos xq – 4 = 0
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4. Solve, to 3 significant figures, for 0 - θ - π,
(a) (3 cos θ + 1)(sin θ + 3) = 0,
(b) tan(2θ + π6 ) = 3,
(c) 5 sin2 θ – 8 cos θ = 1.
5. Solve, to 3 significant figures, for 0 θ π,
(a) (4 sin θ – 1)(2 sin θ + 5) = 0 ,
1
(b) tan(2θ − π ) = 2.4 ,
3
(c) 9 sin2 θ – 9 cos θ = 11.
6. Solve, for 0 - -, giving each solution to 3 significant figures,

(a) 5 sin – 1 = 0
⎛ π⎞
(b) tan ⎜ 2θ + ⎟ = 0.4
⎝ 3⎠
(c) 4 sin2 – 7 cos = 2
Page: 36
Page: 5
TOPIC: 33 TRIGOMETRY - VII
1 Express each of the following in the form R sin ( x + α)°, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
Give the values of R and α correct to 1 decimal place where appropriate.
a 4 sin x° + 2 cos x°,
b 2 sin x° + cos x°
2 Express each of the following in the form R sin ( x − α)°, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
a sin x° − 7 cos x°,

b 3 sin x − 2 cos x,
3 Express each of the following in the form R cos (x − α)°, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
a cos x° + sin x°
b 3 cos x° + 4 sin x°
4 Express each of the following in the form R cos (x + α)°, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
a 5 cos x° − 12 sin x°,

b 3 cos x − 5 sin x
5 Express each of the following in the given form, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
Give the exact value of R and the value of α correct to 1 decimal place.
c 8 sin 3x + 6 cos 3x, R sin (3x + α)
d 8 cos 2x° − 15 sin 2x°, R cos (2x + α)°
π
6 a Express 3 cos x − sin x in the form R cos (x + α), where R > 0 and 0 < α < 2
.
b Solve the equation 3 cos x − sin x = 1 for x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π, giving your answers
in terms of π.
7 Solve each equation for x in the interval −180° ≤ x ≤ 180°, giving your answers to 1 decimal
place where appropriate.
a sin x + cos x = 1 b 4 cos x − sin x + 2 = 0
x x
c cos + 5 sin −4=0 d 6 sin x = 5 − 3 cos x
2 2
8 Solve each equation for x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π, giving your answers to 2 decimal places.
a 6 sin x + 8 cos x = 5 b 2 cos x − 2 sin x = 1
c 7 sin x − 24 cos x − 10 = 0 d 3 cos x + sin x + 1 = 0
e cos 2x + 4 sin 2x = 3 f 5 sin x − 8 cos x + 7 = 0
Page: 37
TOPIC: 34 TRIGOMETRY - VIII
1 By first expressing each curve in an appropriate form, sketch each of the following for x in the
interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 360°, showing the coordinates of any turning points.
a y = 12 cos x + 5 sin x b y = sin x − 2 cos x
c y = 2 3 cos x − 6 sin x d y = 9 sin 2x + 4 cos 2x
2 Find the maximum value that each expression can take and the smallest positive value of x, in
degrees, for which this occurs.
a 24 sin x − 7 cos x b 4 cos 2x + 4 sin 2x
c 3 cos x − 5 sin x d 5 sin 3x + cos 3x
3 a Express 2 cos x° + 5 sin x° in the form R cos (x − α)°, where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90.
Give the values of R and α to 3 significant figures.
b Solve the equation
2 cos x° + 5 sin x° = 3,
for values of x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 360, giving your answers to 1 decimal place.
c Sketch the graph, y = 2 cos x + 5 sin x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 360°
b State the maximum value of 2 cos x° + 5 sin x° and the smallest positive value of x for
which this minimum occurs.
π
4 a Express 2 sin x − 3 cos x in the form R sin (x − α), where R > 0 and 0 < α < 2
.
Give the values of R and α to 3 significant figures.
b State the minimum value of 2 sin x − 3 cos x and the smallest positive value of x for
which this minimum occurs.
c Solve the equation
2 sin 2x − 3 cos 2x + 1 = 0,
for x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ π, giving your answers to 2 decimal places.
π
5 a Express 3 cos θ + 4 sin θ in the form R cos (θ − α), where R > 0 and 0 < α < 2
.
b Given that the function f is defined by
f(θ ) ≡ 1 − 3 cos 2θ − 4 sin 2θ, θ ∈ , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π,
solve the equation f(θ ) = 0.
2
c Find the coordinates of the minimum point of the curve with equation y =
3cos x + 4sin x
in the interval 0 < x < 2π
Page: 38
TOPIC: 35 TRIGOMETRY - IX
1 a Write down the identities for sin (A + B) and sin (A − B).

b Hence, express 2 sin A cos B in terms of sin (A + B) and sin (A − B).
c Use the identities for cos (A + B) and cos (A − B) to obtain similar expressions for
2 cos A cos B and 2 sin A sin B.
2 a Use the identity for 2 sin A cos B to prove that

P+Q P−Q
sin P + sin Q ≡ 2 sin cos .
2 2
b Obtain similar identities for
i sin P − sin Q
ii cos P + cos Q
iii cos P − cos Q
3 Express each of the following as the sum or difference of trigonometric functions.

a 2 sin 30° cos 10° b 2 cos 36° cos 18°
c cos 49° sin 25° d 2 sin 3A sin A
e 2 cos 5A sin 2A f 4 cos 3A cos B
g sin A cos 6B h 2 cos A sin (A + 40°)
4 Express each of the following as the product of trigonometric functions.

a cos 25° + cos 15° b sin 84° − sin 30°
c sin 5A + sin A d cos A − cos 2A
e cos 2A − cos 4B f sin (A + 30°) + sin (A + 60°)
g 2 cos A + 2 cos 3A h sin (A + 2B) − sin (3A − B)
5 b Hence, or otherwise, find the values of x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 180° for which
sin 4x = sin 2x.
b Find, in terms of π, the values of x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π for which
cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x = 0.
6 Solve each equation for x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ π.

Give your answers to 2 decimal places where appropriate.
a sin 3x − sin x = 0 b cos x = cos 4x
x
c 2 sin x sin 5x = cos 4x d sin x + sin =0
2
e cos 3x + cos x = cos 2x
7 Solve each equation for x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 180°.

a 2 cos 2x cos 3x − cos x = 0 b sin 3x − sin 2x = 0
c sin 4x + sin 2x = sin 3x d cos 5x sin x + sin 4x = 0
e sin x + sin 3x = cos x + cos 3x
Page: 39
TOPIC: 36 TRIGOMETRY - X
1 cos(A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B.
(a) Find an expression for cos 2θ in terms of cos2 θ .
2 cos(A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B

sin(A + B) ≡ sin A cos B + cos A sin B.
(a) Write down an expression for sin 2θ in terms of sin θ and cos θ.
Show that
(b) sin2 θ ≡ 12 (1 – cos 2θ),
(c) sin2 (A + B) – sin2(A – B) ≡ sin 2A sin 2B.
Hence
(d) show that (i) sin2 3θ – sin2θ ≡ sin 4θ sin 2θ,

(ii) sin2 3θ – sin2θ ≡ 12 (cos 2θ – cos 6θ),
3 sin ( A + B ) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

cos ( A + B ) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B
(a) Write down an expression for sin 2A in terms of sin A and cos A
(b) Find an expression for cos 2A in terms of sin A
(c) Show that sin 3 A + sin A = 4sin A − 4sin 3 A
4. cos ( A + B ) ≡ cos A cos B − sin A sin B
Show that
(a) cos ( A + B ) + cos ( A − B ) ≡ 2 cos A cos B ,
(b) cos 2 A ≡ 2 cos 2 A − 1 ,
⎛ P+Q ⎞ ⎛ P −Q ⎞
(c) cos P + cos Q ≡ 2 cos ⎜ ⎟ cos ⎜ ⎟.
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
(d) Hence show that cos8 x + 2 cos 6 x + cos 4 x ≡ 4 cos 6 x cos 2 x .
5 cos (A + B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B
(a) Use the above identity to show that 2 sin2 A = 1 – cos 2A
(b) Hence find the value of k such that sin2 2A = k (1 – cos 4A)
Page: 40
TOPIC: 37 TRIGOMETRY - XI
1. cos(A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B.
f(θ ) = 5 cos θ – 12 sin θ.
Given that f(θ ) = p cos(θ + α), p > 0, 0 < α < π2 ,
(a) (i) show that p = 13,
(ii) find, in radians to 3 significant figures, the value of α .
(b) Hence solve, to 2 significant figures, for 0 - θ < 2π , 5 cos θ – 12 sin θ = 9.
2 cos(A + B) = cosA cosB – sinA sinB

(a) Express cos(2x + 45q) in the form M cos2x + N sin2x, where M and N are constants,
giving the exact value of M and the exact value of N.
(b) Solve, for 0q - x - 180q, the equation cos2x – sin2x = 1
The maximum value of cos2x – sin2x is k.

(c) Find the exact value of k.
(d) Find the smallest positive value of x for which a maximum occurs.
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sin (A + B) ≡ sin A cos B + cos A sin B
cos (A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B.
(a) Obtain an expression for cos 2θ in terms of cos2 θ.
(b) Write down an expression for sin 2θ in terms of sin θ and cos θ.
(c) Show that cos 3θ ≡ 4 cos3 θ – 3 cos θ.
(d) Solve, for 0 < θ < π, the equation 9 cos θ – 12 cos3 θ = 2, giving your answers to 3
significant figures.
Page: 41
TOPIC: 38 TRIGOMETRY - XII
1 cos ( A + B ) ≡ cos A cos B − sin A sin B
(a) Show that (i) sin 2 θ ≡ 1

2 (1 − cos 2θ )
(ii) cos 2 θ = 1
2 (cos 2θ + 1)
f (θ ) = 8 sin 4 θ + 4 sin 2 θ − 5
(b) Show that f (θ ) = cos 4θ − 6 cos 2θ
(c) Solve, for 0 - θ - π2 , the equation 4 sin 4 θ + 2 sin 2 θ + 3 cos 2θ = 2.4
Give your solutions to 3 significant figures.
2 Using the identities

cos ( A + B ) ≡ cos A cos B − sin A sin B
sin ( A + B) ≡ sin A cos B + cos A sin B,
express
(a) cos 2A in terms of cos A ,
(b) sin 2A in terms of sin A and cos A , simplifying your answer.
(c) Hence show that cos 3 A ≡ 4 cos3 A − 3 cos A .
(d) Solve, for 0 - x - 180° , the equation 4 cos3 x − 3 cos x = 0.6 , giving your solutions to
one decimal place.
3 Using cos A + B ≡ cos A cos B − sin A sin B ,
(a) show that (i) sin 2 θ ≡ 1

2 1 − cos 2θ ,
(ii) cos 2 θ ≡ 1
2 cos 2θ + 1 .
f θ = 8 sin 4 θ − 2 sin 2 θ − 2
(b) Show that f θ = cos 4θ − 3 cos 2θ .
(c) Solve the equation 8 sin 4 θ − 2 sin 2 θ + 3 cos 2θ = 2.5 for 0 - θ - π2 , giving your
solutions in terms of .
4 cos(A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B,
cos(A – B) ≡ cos A cos B + sin A sin B.
(a) Prove that cos 2A ≡ 2cos2 A – 1
f(θ) = cos 5θ + cos 3θ + 2cos θ

(b) Show that
(i) cos 5θ + cos 3θ ≡ 2cos 4θ cos θ, Page: 5
Page: 42
TOPIC: 39 TRIGOMETRY - XIII
sin
1. Use tan ≡
cos
to solve, in degrees to one decimal place, the equation 5sin θ = 7 cos θ,

0 - θ < 360°.
2 sin( A + B ) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
sin A
tan A =
cos A
(a) Show that the equation
4 sin ( x + Į ) = 7 sin ( x – Į )
can be written in the form

3 tan x = 11 tan Į
(b) Hence solve, to 1 decimal place,

4 sin (3y + 45)° = 7 sin (3y – 45)° for 0 -y - 180
3 sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
sin A
tan A =
cos A
(a) Show that the equation
2 sin (x + α) = 5 sin (x – α)
can be written in the form
3 tan x = 7 tan α
(b) Hence solve, to one decimal place,
2 sin (2y + 50°) = 5 sin (2y – 50°) for 0  y  180°
4 sin (A + B) ≡ sin A cos B + cos A sin B,
cos (A + B) ≡ cos A cos B – sin A sin B.
sin (A + B) tan A + tan B

(a) By writing tan (A + B) ≡ , prove that tan (A + B) ≡ .
cos (A + B) 1 − tan A tan B
Page: 43
(b) Hence show that
1+ 3 3 −1
(i) tan 105° = (ii) tan 15° =
(b) Hence or otherwise, find the exact value of
(i) tan 75°, (ii) tan 15°,
simplifying your answers as far as possible.
(c) Use the result in (a) to write down an expression for tan 2θ in terms of tan θ .
(d) Hence find the exact value of tan 22.5°.
2
Given that tan θ = and θ is an acute angle,
5
(e) find the exact value of sin 2θ .
5 sin( A + B ) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

cos( A + B ) = cos A co B – sin A sin B
sin A
tan A =
cos A
tan A + tan B
(a) Show that tan ( A + B ) =
1 − tan A tan B
(b) Hence write down an expression for tan 2θ in terms of tan θ
3 tan θ − tan 3 θ
(c) Show that tan 3θ =
1 − 3 tan 2 θ
3
Given that tan 3θ = −1 and tan θ ≠ ±
3
(d) without finding the value of θ , show that tan 3 θ + 3 tan 2 θ − 3 tan θ − 1 = 0
Given also that tan θ ≠ 1

(e) find the exact values of tan θ , giving your answers in the form a ± b where a and b
are integers.
Page: 44
TOPIC: 40 SINE COSINE RULE -I
1. In LMN, LM = 5.6 cm, LN = 8.2 cm and ∠MLN = 57°. Find, to 3 significant figures,
(a) the length of MN,
(b) the size of ∠LNM.
2. Triangle LMN has LM = 5 cm, LN = 8.2 cm and MN = 6.4 cm. Calculate, in degrees to the
nearest 0.1°, the size of ∠LMN.
3. The lengths of the sides of a triangle are 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm. Find, in degrees to one
decimal place, the size of the largest angle of the triangle.
4. In ΔABC , AB = 6.3 cm, BC = 4.6 cm and ∠BAC = 32° . Find, to one decimal place, the two
possible sizes of ∠ACB.
5.
D
12 cm
8 cm
B 9 cm C P
Figure 3 shows ABC with AB = 12 cm, AC = 8 cm and BC = 9 cm.
The point D is on BA produced and the bisector of ∠DAC meets BC produced at P.
(a) Find, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of each of the three angles of ABC.
(b) Find, to the nearest cm, the length of BP.
6. In Δ ABC , AB = 5.7 cm, BC = 8.4 cm and ∠ACB is 42° .
Find, to the nearest 0.1° , the two possible sizes of ∠BAC .
Page: 45
7. In ∆ABC, AB = 5 cm, BC = 8.3 cm and AC = 6.9 cm.
(a) Find, in degrees, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of ∠ACB.
(b) Find, in cm2, to 3 significant figures, the area of ∆ABC.
8. A triangle ABC has AB = 4.6 cm, AC = 5.7 cm and ∠C = 52°
Angle B is acute.
Calculate, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of ∠B .
Page: 46
TOPIC: 41 SINE COSINE RULE -II
1. In triangle ABC, AB = 5 cm, AC = 3 cm, angle B = 25° and angle C is obtuse.
(a) Find, to the nearest degree, the size of angle C.
The point D lies on BC produced and AD = 3 cm.

(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the length of CD.
2. In triangle ABC, AB = 8 cm, BC = 5 cm and CA = 7 cm.

(a) Find, to the nearest 0.1q, the size of angle BAC.
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of triangle ABC.

4. B
Diagram NOT
10 cm 6 cm accurately drawn
6 cm
28°
A D C
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows triangle ABC with AB = 10 cm, BC = 6 cm and ·BAC = 28°. The point D
lies on AC such that BD = 6 cm.
(a) Find, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of ·DBC.
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the length of AD.
(c) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of triangle ABC.
5
B Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
10 cm
35q
A 16 cm C
Figure 1
In triangle ABC, AB = 10 cm, AC = 16 cm and BAC = 35q, as shown in Figure 1.

(a) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of the triangle ABC.
(b) Find, in degrees to the nearest 0.1q, the size of the angle ABC.
Page: 47
6 In triangle ABC, AB = x cm, BC = 7 cm, AC = (5x – 6) cm and ∠BAC = 60°
(a) Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of x.
Using your value of x

(b) find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the size of ∠ACB.
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TOPIC: 42 ANGLE SECTOR RADIAN - I

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2
Diagram NOT
A
accurately drawn
1.2 rad
O B
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows an arc AB of a circle with centre O. The arc subtends an angle of
1.2 radians at O and the area of the sector AOB is 15 cm2.
Find
(a) the radius of the circle,
(b) the length of the arc AB,
(c) the area of the shaded segment, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
Page: 49
3
A
ș rad
O
10 cm
B
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a sector of a circle of radius 10 cm and centre O. The area of

triangle OAB is 20 cm2 and the size of angle AOB is ș radians.
Find, to 3 significant figures,
(a) the value of ș,
(b) the length of the arc AB,
(c) the area of the shaded segment.
A
8 cm
O 6 cm
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a circle, centre O, with radius 8 cm. The arc AB has length 6 cm.
(a) Find, in radians, the size of angle AOB.
(b) Find the area of the sector AOB.
(c) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of the shaded segment.
Page: 50
5 A
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
2 cm
O 2
8 cm
B
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the sector, AOB of a circle with centre O and radius 8 cm. A circle of
radius 2 cm touches the lines OA and OB and the arc AB. Angle AOB is 2 radians,
π
0 < .
4
(a) Find, to 4 significant figures, the value of
Page: 51
TOPIC: 43 ANGLE SECTOR RADIAN - II
1 (b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of the

C region shaded in Figure 1.
20 cm 20 cm
0.7 rad
A B
D
The diagram shows an isosceles triangle ABC in which BC # AC # 20 cm, and angle BAC # 0.7
radians. DC is an arc of a circle, centre A. Find, correct to 1 decimal place,
(i) the area of the shaded region,
(ii) the perimeter of the shaded region.
2 C
4
3
rad
O D
A
7 cm
The diagram shows a sector COD of a circle, centre O, in which angle COD # 34 radians. The points
A and B lie on OD and OC respectively, and AB is an arc of a circle, centre O, of radius
7 cm. Given that the area of the shaded region ABCD is 48 cm2, find the perimeter of this shaded
region.
3 The figure shows a circle, centre O, radius r cm. The length of the arc AB of the circle is 9π cm.
Angle AOB is θ radians and is 3 times angle OBA.
r cm A
O
θ
rad
9π cm
B
3π
(i) Show that θ = 5
(ii) Find the value of r
(iii) Find the area of the shaded region.
Page: 52
4 D
O 1
2c
1.8 m
rad E
C
A B
The diagram shows an isosceles triangle AOB and a sector OCDEO of a circle with centre O. The
line AB is a tangent to the circle. Angle AOB = 1.8 radians and the radius of the circle is 12 cm.
(i) Show that the distance AC = 7.3 cm to 1 decimal place.
(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region.
5
E
D
C
5m
5m
A 8m B
The diagram shows an isosceles triangle ABC in which AB = 8 m, BC = CA = 5 m. ABDA is a sector of

the circle, centre A and radius 8 m. CBEC is a sector of the circle, centre C and radius 5 m.
(i) Show that angle BCE is 1.287 radians correct to 3 decimal places.
(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region.
Page: 53
TOPIC: 44 TRIGONOMETRY 3D - I
1.
F G
E 10 cm H 4 cm
P
B C
A D
Figure 2 shows a cuboid ABCDEFGH. The angle between the diagonal CE of the cuboid
and the plane ABCD is 30°. EH = 10 cm and GH = 4 cm. The mid-point of CG is P. Find,
in cm to 3 significant figures,
(a) the length of AE,
(b) the length of CE,
(c) the length of EP.
Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the size of
(d) the angle between the plane BCEH and the plane EFGH,
(e) the angle EPF.

2. Figure 1
B C
A D
Q
P
F
G
E H
Figure 1 shows a cuboid with a rectangular top ABCD.
AB = 5 cm, AD = 8 cm and AE = 4 cm.
The mid-point of DH is P and the mid-point of CG is Q.
(a) Find, to 3 significant figures, the length of AG.
Calculate, in degrees to one decimal place, the acute angle
(b) between AG and the plane EFGH,
(c) between the plane ABQP and the plane EFQP,

Page: 54
TOPIC: 45 TRIGONOMETRY 3D - II
1.
15 cm
10 cm
Figure 2 shows a right pyramid with a square base of side 10 cm.
The length of each sloping edge is 15 cm.
Calculate, in degrees to the nearest 0.1°, the size of the angle between a triangular face and
the base.
V
2
B C
N 6x
A 8x D
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows the pyramid VABCD. The base ABCD is a rectangle with CD = 6 x cm
and AD = 8 x cm. The diagonals of the base intersect at the point N. The edges VA, VB,
VC and VD are all of equal length. The angle between VA and the base ABCD is 60° .
Find, in terms of x,
(a) the height, VN, of the pyramid,
(b) the length of VA.
Find, in degrees to the nearest 0.1° ,

(c) the size of the angle between the planes AVB and ABCD,
(d) the size of the angle between the planes BVD and AVC.
The volume of the pyramid is 1110 cm3.

(e) Find, to the nearest whole number, the value of x.
Page: 55
Page: 55
3. V
B
C
A 12 cm D
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a right pyramid with vertex V and square base ABCD, of side 12 cm. The
size of angle AVC is 90°.
(a) Show that the height of the pyramid is 6√2cm.
(b) Find, in cm, the length of VA.

(c) Find, in cm, the exact length of the perpendicular from D to VA. Give your answer in
the form p√q, where p and q are integers and q is prime.
Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the size of
(d) the angle between the plane VAB and the base ABCD,
(e) the angle between the plane VAB and the plane VAD.
4
Figure 2
V
18 cm
D A
10 cm
C 10 cm B
Figure 2 shows a right pyramid VABCD. The base ABCD of the pyramid is a square of
side 10 cm and VA = VB = VC = VD = 18 cm.
(a) Find, in cm to 3 significant figures, the height of the pyramid.
(b) Find, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of the angle between VA and the plane ABCD.
(c) Find, to the nearest 0.1°, the size of the angle between the plane VAB and the plane
ABCD.
(d) Find, in cm to 3 significant figures, the length of the perpendicular from B to VA.
(e) Find, in cm to the nearest 0.1°, the size of the angle between the plane VAB and the
plane VAD.
Page: 56
Page: 56
TOPIC: 46 TRIGONOMETRY 3D - III
1
B
A
C
D
Figure 1 shows a triangular pyramid ABCD.
∠BAC = ∠DAC = ∠BAD = 90°
AD = 5 cm, AC = 8 cm and AB = 6 cm.
(a) Find, in degrees to the nearest 0.1°, the size of ∠BDC.
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the area of triangle BDC.
(c) Find the area of triangle DAC.
The point E lies on CD so that AE is perpendicular to CD.
(d) Find the exact length of AE.
G
2. Diagram NOT
A
F accurately drawn
5 cm H
B
E
8 cm
J I
10 cm
15 cm
D C
P
Figure 3
Figure 3 shows a prism ABCDEFGHIJ which consists of a triangular prism ABEFGH on
top of a cuboid BCDEFHIJ.
AB = AE = 5 cm, EB = 8 cm, ED = 10 cm, CI = 15 cm
P is the midpoint of DC.
Calculate, in cm to 3 significant figures,
(a) the length of PG,
(b) the length of AC.
Find, in degrees to the nearest 0.1q,
(c) the size of the angle between PG and the plane CDJI,
(d) the size of the angle between the plane AGIC and the plane CDJI.
Page: 57
Page: 57
3. F
B
Diagram NOT
E accurately drawn
C
Figure 3 shows a triangular prism ABCDEF.
ACDE is a rectangle. In triangle ABC, AC = 12 cm, BAC = 60q and BCA = 30q
(a) Find the exact length of BC.
The point P lies on the line AC and BPC = 90q
(b) Show that BP cm.
The angle between the plane AFC and the plane ACDE is 25q
(c) Find, to 3 significant figures, the length of BF.
(d) Find the size of the angle between the line BD and the plane ACDE, giving your
answer in degrees to 1 decimal place.
(e) Find, to 3 significant figures, the volume of the prism ABCDEF.
4. V
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
F E
A D
X
B C
Figure 1 shows a right pyramid with vertex V and base ABCDEF which is a regular
hexagon. The diagonal AD of the base is 10 cm and X is the mid-point of AD. The
height VX of the pyramid is 12 cm.
(a) Find the length of VA.
(b) Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the size of the angle between the plane VAB and
the base.
Page: 58
TOPIC: 47 TRIGONOMETRY 3D - IV
1. V
C
B
D
A
F G
E H
Figure 2 shows a solid VABCDEFGH which consists of a cuboid ABCDEFGH and a right
pyramid VABCD.
AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm, EC = 17 cm.
The height of the pyramid is 10 cm.
Calculate, in cm to 3 significant figures, the length of
(a) AE, (b) VA.
Find, in degrees to the nearest 0.1° , the size of the angle between
(c) EC and the plane ABCD,
(d) the plane VAB and the plane ABGH,
(e) the plane VAB and the plane VCD.
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Page: 59
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Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a truncated right pyramid. The base ABCD is a square with sides of
length 10 cm. The top EFGH is a square with sides of length 4 cm. The base is parallel
to the top and AE = BF = CG = DH.
The point P is on the line AC such that angle APE is a right-angle and EP = 12 cm.
(a) Find, in centimetres, the exact length of
(i) AC (ii) EG (iii) AP
(b) Find, in centimetres to 3 significant figures, the length of AE.
(c) Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the angle between the line AE and the plane ABCD
The point Q is on the line AB. Angle AQP is a right-angle.

(d) (i) Show that PQ = 3 cm.
(ii) Write down, in centimetres, the length of AQ.
(e) Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the angle between the line AE and the line AB.
(f) Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the angle between the plane ABFE and the plane
ABCD.
Page: 60
TOPIC: 48 COORDINATE GEOMETRY LINEAR -I
1. Work out the length, midpoint and gradient of the line joining these pairs of points:
(a) ( 4 , 2 ) , ( 6 , 3 )
(b) ( − 1 , 3 ) , ( 5 , 4 )
(c) ( − 4 , 5 ) , ( 1 , 2 )
(d) ( 2 , − 3 ) , ( 6 , 5 )
(e) ( − 3 , 4 ) , ( 7 , − 6 )
(f) ( − 12 , 3 ) , ( − 2 , 8 )
(g) ( − 2 , − 4 ) , ( 10 , 2 )
2. Work out the gradients of these lines:
(a) y = − 2x + 5
(g) 2x − 4y + 5 = 0
(b) y = − x + 7
(h) 10x − 5y + 1 = 0
(c) y = 4 + 3x
(i) − x + 2y − 4 = 0
1
(d) y = 3x −2 (j) − 3x + 6y + 7 = 0
2
(e) y = − 3 x (k) 4x + 2y − 9 = 0
5 2
(f) y = x+ (l) 9x + 6y + 2 = 0
4 3
3. Find the equation of the line with gradient m that passes through the point ( x1 , y1 ) when:
(a) m = 2 and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( 2 , 5 )
(b) m = 3 and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( − 2 , 1 )
(c) m = − 1 and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( 3 , − 6 )
(d) m = − 4 and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( − 2 , − 3 )
1
(e) m = 2
and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( − 4 , 10 )
2
(f) m = − 3 and ( x1 , y1 ) = ( − 6 , − 1 )
Page: 61
4. Find the equation of the line that passes through these pairs of points:
(a) ( 2 , 4 ) and ( 3 , 8 )
(b) ( 0 , 2 ) and ( 3 , 5 )
(c) ( − 2 , 0 ) and ( 2 , 8 )
(d) ( 5 , − 3 ) and ( 7 , 5 )
(e) ( 3 , − 1 ) and ( 7 , 3 )
(f) ( − 4 , − 1 ) and ( 6 , 4 )
(g) ( − 1 , − 5 ) and ( − 3 , 3 )
(h) ( − 4 , − 1 ) and ( − 3 , − 9 )
Page: 62
TOPIC: 49 COORDINATE GEOMETRY LINEAR -II
1. The line that passes through the points ( − 3 , − 5 ) and ( 4 , 9 ) meets the y-axis at the point G. Work out the
coordinates of the point G.
2. The line that passes through the points ( 2 , − 5 ) and ( − 7 , 4 ) meets the x-axis at the point P. Work out the
coordinates of the point P.
3. The line y = 2x − 10 meets the x-axis at the point A. The line y = − 2x + 4 meets the y-axis at the point B. Find the
equation of the line joining the points A and B.
4. The line y = 4x + 5 meets the y-axis at the point C. The line y = − 3x − 15 meets the x-axis at the point D. Find the
equation of the line joining the points C and D. Write your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are
integers.
5. The lines y = x − 5 and y = 3x − 13 intersect at the point S. The point T has coordinates ( − 4 , 2 ) . Find the equation
of the line that passes through the points S and T.
6. The lines y = − 2x + 1 and y = x + 7 intersect at the point L. The point M has coordinates ( − 3 , 1 ) . Find the
equation of the line that passes through the points L and M.
7. The line V passes through the points ( − 5 , 3 ) and ( 7 , − 3 ) and the line W passes through the points ( 2 , − 4 )
and ( 4 , 2 ) . The lines V and W intersect at the point A. Work out the coordinates of the point A.
8. The line l passes through the points ( -3 , 0 ) and ( 3 , − 2 ) and the line n passes through the points ( 1 , 8 ) and
( − 1 , 2 ) . Show that the lines l and n are perpendicular.
9. The line r passes through the points ( 1 , 4 ) and ( 6 , 8 ) and the line s passes through the points ( 5 , − 3 ) and
( 20 , 9 ) . Show that the lines r and s are parallel.
10. Find an equation of the line:
(a) parallel to the line y = 3x + 6, passing through ( − 2 , 5 ) .
(b) perpendicular to the line y = 3x + 6, passing through ( − 2 , 5 ) .
(c) parallel to the line 4x − 6y + 7 = 0, passing through ( 3 , 4 ) .
(d) perpendicular to the line 4x − 6y + 7 = 0, passing through ( 3 , 4 ) .
11. Find an equation of the line:
(a) parallel to the line y = − 2x − 5, passing through

 −
1
,
3  .
 2 2

(b) parallel to the line x − 2y − 1 = 0, passing through ( 0 , 0 ) .
(c) perpendicular to the line y = x − 4, passing through ( − 1 , − 2 ) .
(d) perpendicular to the line 2x + y − 9 = 0, passing through ( 4 , − 6 ) .
12. Find an equation of the line that passes through the point ( − 2 , 7 ) and is parallel to the line y = 4x + 1. Write your
answer in the form ax + by + c = 0.
13. Find an equation of the line that passes through the point ( 6 , − 2 ) and is perpendicular to the line y = 3x + 5.
Page: 63
4
15. Find an equation of the line that passes through the point ( − 2 , − 3 ) and is perpendicular to the line y = − 7 x + 5.
Write your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are integers.
2
16. Find an equation of the line that passes through the point ( 5 , − 5 ) and is perpendicular to the line y = x + 5. Write
3
your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are integers.
Page: 64
TOPIC: 50 COORDINATE GEOMETRY LINEAR -III
1 The points A and B have coordinates (5, 9) and (9, 3) respectively. The line l is the
perpendicular bisector of AB.
Find an equation for l in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are integers.
2. Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the perpendicular bisector of the line
joining the points (5, 9) and (11, –3).
3. The point A has coordinates (3, 2). The line l has gradient 7 and passes through A.
24
(a) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for l.
The point B, with coordinates (b, 9), lies on l.
(b) Find the value of b.
(c) Calculate the length of AB.
4. The point A has coordinates (3, 4) and the point B has coordinates (8, 14). The point C
divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3.
(a) Find the coordinates of C.
The point D has coordinates (9, 6).
(b) Show that CD is perpendicular to AB.
The line l passes through the point A and is perpendicular to AB.
(c) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for l.
5. The points A, B and C have coordinates (3,5), (7,8) and (6,1) respectively.
(a) Show, by calculation, that AB is perpendicular to AC.
(b) Find an equation for AC in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are integers
whose values must be stated.
The point D is on AC produced and AC : CD = 1 : 2

(c) Find the coordinates of D.
(d) Calculate the area of triangle ABD.
Page: 65
TOPIC: 51 COORDINATE GEOMETRY LINEAR -IV
1. The points P, Q and R have coordinates (1, 3), (4, 5) and (6, 2) respectively.
(a) Find the gradient of (i) PQ, (ii) QR.
(b) Show, by calculation, that PQ is perpendicular to QR.
(c) Find the exact length of PQ.
The line l is the perpendicular bisector of PR.
(d) Find an equation for l.
(e) Show that Q lies on l.
The line l meets the x-axis at the point S.
(f) Show that PQRS is a square.
(g) Find the area of ∆PQR .
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3. The points A and B have coordinates (1,5 ) and ( 9, 7 ) respectively.
(a) Find an equation of AB, giving your answer in the form y = ax + b , where a and b
are rational numbers.
The line l is the perpendicular bisector of AB.
(b) Find an equation of l.
The point C has coordinates ( 3, q ) . Given that C lies on l

(c) find the value of q.
The line l meets the x-axis at the point D.
(d) Find the exact area of the kite ACBD.
Page: 66
4. The equation of line l1 is 2x + 3y + 6 = 0
(a) Find the gradient of l1
The line l2 is perpendicular to l1 and passes through the point P with coordinates (7, 2).
(b) Find an equation for l2
The lines l1 and l2 intersect at the point Q.

(c) Find the coordinates of Q.
The line l3 is parallel to l1 and passes through the point P.

(d) Find an equation for l3
The line l1 crosses the x-axis at the point R.

(e) Show that PQ = QR.
The point S lies on l3

The line PR is perpendicular to QS.
(f) Find the exact area of the quadrilateral PQRS.
Page: 67
TOPIC: 52 COORDINATE GEOMETRY LINEAR -V
1. The points A and B have coordinates (–2, 4) and (5, 5) respectively.
(a) Show that an equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB is y + 7x = 15.
The point C has coordinates (6, 4).
(b) Write down an equation for the perpendicular bisector of AC.
A circle passes through the points A, B and C.
(c) Find
(i) the coordinates of the centre of the circle,
(ii) the radius of the circle.
2. The points A, B and C have coordinates (2, 6), (6, 8) and (4, 2) respectively.
(a) Find the exact lengths of
(i) AB, (ii) BC, (iii) AC.
(b) Find the size of each angle of ABC.
A circle is drawn to pass through the points A, B and C. Find
(c) the coordinates of the centre of the circle,
(d) the exact length of the radius of the circle.
3. The point C with coordinates (2, 1) is the centre of a circle which passes through the
point A with coordinates (3, 3).
(a) Find the radius of the circle.
The line AB is a diameter of the circle.

(b) Find the coordinates of B.
The points D with coordinates (0, 2) and E with coordinates (4, 0) lie on the circle.
(c) Show that DE is a diameter of the circle.
The point P has coordinates (x, y).

(d) Find an expression, in terms of x and y, for the length of CP.
Given that the point P lies on the circle,

(e) show that x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y = 0
Page: 68
4. The points P, Q and R have coordinates (3,9 ), (−2, 4 ) and (0,8 ) respectively.
The line l1 is the perpendicular bisector of PQ and the line l2 is the perpendicular bisector
of QR.
(a) Find an equation for l1.
(b) Find an equation for l2.
The lines l1 and l2 meet at the point S.
(c) Show that the coordinates of S are (3, 4 ).
The circle C has centre S and radius PS.
(d) Find, as a multiple of ʌ, the area enclosed by C.
(e) Explain briefly why C also passes through Q and R.
The line l3 passes through S and is perpendicular to PR.
(f) Find the coordinates of the point where l3 crosses PR.
Page: 69
TOPIC: 53 VECTORS- I
1. Referred to a fixed origin O, the position vectors of the points A and B are ai + 8j
and 14i + bj respectively and the mid-point, M, of AB has position vector 9i + 40j.
(a) Find the value of a and the value of b.
(b) Find the unit vector in the direction of OM .
2. Referred to a fixed origin O, the position vectors of the points P and Q are (6i – 5j) and
(10i + 3j) respectively. The midpoint of PQ is R.
(a) Find the position vector of R.
The midpoint of OP is S.
(b) Prove that SR is parallel to OQ.
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4. Relative to a fixed origin O, the position vector of the point A is 5i + pj and the position
vector of the point B is qi + 12 j . The point D with position vector 13i + 10 j divides the
line AB in the ratio 2 :1
(a) Find the value of p and the value of q.
The points A, B and E lie in that order on a straight line and AE : BE is 5 : 2

(b) Find, in terms of i and j, the position vector of the point E.
5 The position vectors of the points R and S are (2i + 6j) and (6i + 14j) respectively, referred
to a fixed origin O. The point T divides RS internally in the ratio 3:1. Find, in terms of
i and j,
→
(a) OT,
→
(b) the unit vector in the direction of OT.
6. Relative to a fixed origin O, the position vector of the point A is 3i + 8 j and the position
vector of the point B is 12i + qj.
The point C divides AB internally in the ratio 1: 2 and OC = pi + 4 j.
(a) Find the value of p and the value of q.
The point D lies on OB and the line DC is parallel to OA. The mid-point of DC is M.
(b) Find, in terms of i and j, the position vector of M.
Page: 70
TOPIC: 54 VECTORS- II
1 The points A, B, C and D are the vertices of a quadrilateral and

AB = 3i + 5j, AC = 6i + 6j and AD = 9i + 3j
(a) (i) Find BC
(ii) Hence show that ABCD is a trapezium.
(b) (i) Find the exact value of BD

(ii) Find a unit vector parallel to BD
The point F is on the line BD and BF : FD = 1 : 2

(c) Find AF
The point E is on the line AD such that ABCE is a parallelogram.

(d) (i) Show that F lies on the line CE
(ii) Find the ratio EF : FC
2 Referred to a fixed origin O, the position vectors of the points A and B are 4i + 5 j and 9i + 15 j
respectively. The point C divides AB internally in the ratio 2 : 3. Find, in terms of i and j,
(a) (i) AB (ii) OC
(b) the unit vector in the direction of AB .
The point D lies on BA produced and OD = λ i .
(c) Find the value of λ .

3 Referred to a fixed origin O, the position vectors of the points P and Q are (10i – 3j)
and (4i + 6j) respectively. The point R divides PQ internally in the ratio 2:1
(a) Find the position vector of R
The point S divides OQ internally in the ratio 5 : 4 and area OPQ = λ area SRQ.
(b) Find the exact value of λ.
Page: 71
TOPIC: 55 VECTORS- III
1 Relative to an origin O, the position vectors of the points A and B are i – 4j and 7i + 20j
→ →
respectively. The point C lies on AB and is such that AC = 2 AB . Find the position vector of C
3
and the magnitude of this vector.
2 The position vectors of points A, B and C, relative to an origin O, are i ! 9j, 5i 0 3j and k(i ! 3j)
respectively, where k is a constant. Given that C lies on the line AB, find the value of k.
3 The position vectors of points A and B relative to an origin O are –3i – j and i + 2j respectively. The
→ 3 →
point C lies on AB and is such that AC = –5 AB . Find the position vector of C and show that it is a unit
vector.
4 The position vectors of points A and B, relative to an origin O, are 2i + 4j and 6i + 10j respectively.
The position vector of C, relative to O, is ki + 25j, where k is a positive constant.
(i) Find the value of k for which the length of BC is 25 units.
(ii) Find the value of k for which ABC is a straight line.
5 Given that a = 5i – 12j and that b = pi + j, find
(i) the unit vector in the direction of a
(ii) the values of the constants p and q such that qa + b = 19i – 23j
6 The position vectors of points A and B, relative to an origin O, are 6i 0 3j and 15i ! 9j respectively.
(i) Find the unit vector parallel to {A}B.
The point C lies on AB such that {A}C # 2{C}B.
(ii) Find the position vector of C.
7 Relative to an origin O, the position vectors of the points A and B are i – 4j and 7i + 20j
→ →
respectively. The point C lies on AB and is such that AC = 2 AB . Find the position vector of C
3
and the magnitude of this vector.
8 The position vectors, relative to an origin O, of three points P, Q and R are i + 3j , 5i + 11j and 9i + 9j
respectively.
→ → →
(i) By finding the magnitude of the vectors PR , RQ and QP , show that angle PQR is 90°.
→
(ii) Find the unit vector parallel to PR
→ → →
(iii) Given that OQ = m OP + n OR , where m and n are constants, find the value of m and of n
Page: 72
TOPIC: 56 VECTORS- IV
T
1.
B
X
O A
S
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→ 3 ⎯ → ⎯→ 7⎯ →
In the diagram above OA = a, OB = b, OS = OA and OT = 5 OB.
5
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
(i) Given that AX = l AB , where l is a constant, express OX in terms of l, a and b
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
(ii) Given that SX = k ST , where k is a constant, express OX in terms of k, a and b
(iii) Hence evaluate l and k
2. P
O Q
D
⎯
→ ⎯→
In the diagram above OC = c and OD = d. The points P and Q lie on OC and OD produced
respectively, so that OC : CP = 1 : 2 and OD : DQ = 2 : 1. The line CD is extended to R so that
CD = DR.
⎯→ ⎯ → ⎯→
(i) Find, in terms of c and/or d, the vectors OP, OQ and OR
(ii) Show that the points P, Q and R are collinear and find the ratio PQ : QR
3.
A X
a P
O B
b
2
In the diagram OA = a, OB = b and AP = AB .
5
(i) Given that OX = μ OP , where μ is a constant, express OX in terms of μ, a and b
(ii) Given also that AX = λ OB , where λ is a constant, use a vector method to find the value of μ
and of λ
Page: 73
4.
A
a
Q B
P b
O
→ → → → → →
In the diagram, OA = a, OB = b, AM = MB and OP = 13 OB.
→ →
(i) Express AP and OM in terms of a and b.
→ → →
(ii) Given that OQ = OM, express OQ in terms of , a and b.
→ → →
(iii) Given that AQ = AP, express OQ in terms of , a and b.
(iv) Hence find the value of and of .
5.
P
M
p X
O N Q
q
→ → → → → →
In the diagram OP = p, OQ = q, PM = 1–3 PQ and ON = 2–5 OQ .
→ → →
(i) Given that OX = mOM , express OX in terms of m, p and q.
→ → →
(ii) Given that PX = nPN , express OX in terms of n, p and q.
(iii) Hence evaluate m and n.
6.
B
X
b
O
a A P
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
In the diagram OA = a, OB = b, OP = 2a and OQ = 3b.
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
(i) Given that AX = l AQ, express OX in terms of l, a and b
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
(ii) Given that BX = k BP , express OX in terms of k, a and b
(iii) Hence find the value of l and of k

Page: 74
TOPIC: 57 VECTORS- V
1.
P•
•Q
O B D
→ →
Figure 1 shows OAB where OA = a and OB = b. The point P divides OA in the ratio 2:3
and the point Q divides AB in the ratio 5:2. The side OB is produced to the point D, where
OD = 52 OB.
(a) Find, in terms of a and b,

→ → → → →
(i) PB, (ii) AD, (iii) AB, (iv) PQ, (v) PD.
(b) Show that
(i) PB is parallel to AD,
(ii) P, Q and D are collinear.
2. A
O D B
In ΔOAB , OA = a and OB = b.
The point C divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3 and D is the mid-point of OB as shown in

Figure 1.
(a) Find, in terms of a and b, OC.

OC and AD meet at K.
K divides AD in the ratio λ : 3
(b) Find the value of λ.
Page: 75
3.
A
O D B
In Figure 2, OA = a and OB = b . The point D on OB is such that OD : OB = 1 : 4 and the

point E divides DA in the ratio 1 : 2
(a) Find, in terms of a and b,
(i) AD, (ii) OE , (iii) BE.
The point F lies on OA such that OF = μ OA . Given that F, E and B are collinear,
(b) find the value of μ.
The point G lies on AB such that AG = λ AB . Given that EG is parallel to DB,
(c) find the value of λ.
4.
E
F
O B
D
→ →
In Figure 1, OA = a, OB = b and D is a point on OB. The point E is the midpoint of AB
→ 2
and F is the point on AD which is such that OF = (a + b).
5
Prove that O, F and E are collinear.
Page: 76
TOPIC: 58 VECTORS- VI
1
A B
T
P
O C
Figure 2
1
Figure 2 shows a trapezium OABC in which AB is parallel to OC and AB = OC. The
2
point P divides OA in the ratio 1:3 and the point Q divides BC in the ratio 1:2
The line AC intersects the line PQ at the point T.
OA = a and OC = c
(a) Find, as simplified expressions in terms of a and c
(i) BC
(ii) PQ
(b) (i) Given that PT = ȜPQ , find an expression for AT in terms of Ȝ, a and c
(ii) Given also that AT = ȝ AC , find an expression for AT in terms of ȝ, a and c
(c) Use your answers from part (b) to find the value of Ȝ and hence write down the ratio
PT : TQ
2 O, A, B and C are fixed points such that

OA = p + q OB = 3p – q OC = 6p – 4q

(a) Find AB in terms of p and q.
(b) Show that the points A, B and C are collinear.
(c) Find the ratio AB : BC
The point D lies on AC produced such that AC = 2CD

(d) Find OD in terms of p and q, simplifying your answer.
Page: 77
3 A
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
P
M
O B X
o o
In Figure 3, OA = a, OB = b and M is the mid-point of AB.
The point P is on OA such that OP : PA = 3 : 2
The point X lies on OB produced.
(a) Find, as simplified expressions in terms of a and b,
o o o
(i) AB (ii) OM (iii) PM
Given that P, M and X are collinear
o
(b) find, in terms of b, OX
OAM) : OAX).

A B
4
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
a
O C
e
120q
E D
Figure 4 shows a hexagon OABCDE. Each internal angle of the hexagon is 120q.
OA = OE, AB = ED = 2 × OA and OC = 3 × OA
o o
OA = a and OE = e.
Find as simplified expressions in terms of a and e
o
(a) AB,
o
(b) BE .
The point P divides AB internally in the ratio 2 : 3
o
(c) Find PC as a simplified expression in terms of a and e.
The point Q lies on ED produced so that the points P, C and Q are collinear.
o
(d) Find OQ in the form Ȝa + ȝe, stating the value of Ȝ and the value of ȝ.
Page: 78
TOPIC: 59 DIFFERENTIATION-I
1. Differentiate the following with respect to x.
(a) 3x2 + 8x + 2 (e) 3 + 3x − 3x2 + x3 (i) x2 − 9x (m)x2 ( x + 3 )
(b) 4x − 3x2 (f) 5x3 + 12x (j) 5 x − x2 (n) 1 - 27 x + x3
(c) 5 − 8x − 2x2 (g) x4 + 2x2 25

(k) 4 - 2 x − x2 (o) x + x
1 1
(d) 2x3 − 15x2 + 36x (h) x4 − 8x3 (l) 2 x3 − 3x2 − 12x (p) x 2 + 9x − 2
2. Differentiate the following with respect to x.
1
2
(a) 4x − x − 2 + 6x 2
(d) 4x3 + x − − x−2
4 4
3 (g) − 3
x− 3 − 3 + 8x
5 1 3
(b) 15x2 + 6x − 3 − 3x − 2
(e) 4 − 12x − 4 + 2x − 2
(h) 5x4 − x − 2 − 12x − 5
3 1 2
(c) x3 − 2x
− 2 − 6x − 2 (f) 5x 3 − 10x4 + x − 3
3. Differentiate:
(a) ( 1 + 2x ) 4 (d) ( 6x + x2 ) 7 (g) 4 ( 2 + 8x ) 4

1
(b) ( 3 − 2x2 ) − 5 (e)
3 + 2x (h) 3 ( 8 − x )− 6
1
(c) ( 3 + 4x ) 2 (f) \ 7−x
Page: 79
TOPIC: 60 DIFFERENTIATION-II
1. Differentiate:
(a) e
2x
(b) e
− 6x
(c) e
x+3
(d) 4e
3x2 (e) 9e
3−x
2. Differentiate:
(a) y = sin 5x (d) y = sin 8x (g) y = sin3x

1 2
(b) y = 2 sin x (e) y = 6 sin 3
x (h) y = sin5x
2
(c) y = sin ( 2x + 1 ) (f) y = 3 sin2x
3. Differentiate:
(a) y = 2 cos x (d) y = cos 4x (g) y = cos5x
5 1
(b) y = 6 cos 6
x (e) y = 4 cos 2
x (h) y = 3 cos2x
(c) y = 4 cos ( 3x + 2 ) (f) y = 3 cos 2x
5. Differentiate:
3 ( 2x + 6 ) 4
(a) x ( 1 + 3x ) 5 (b) 2x ( 1 + 3x2 ) 3 (c) x
2 −1
(d) 3x ( 5x − 1 )
Page: 80
6. Differentiate:
x
5x (f) xe
2x (k)
(a) e 2x
x+1
2
2x 2 −x ex
(b) (g) ( x + 3 ) e (l)
3x − 2 x
x+3 2 ex
(c)
2x + 1
(h) ( 3x − 5 ) e x (m)
x+1
3x2 e − 2x
(d) 4 1+x
(i) 2x e
(n)
\x+1
( 2x − 1 ) 2
6x
(e) (j) ( 9x − 1 ) e 3x
1
( 5x + 3 ) 2
Page: 81
TOPIC: 61 DIFFERENTIATION-III
1. Differentiate x 2 cos 3 x
2. Differentiate with respect to x, (x + 2)e3x.
3. Differentiate with respect to x
1
(a)
x2
1
(b)
(2 x + 1) 2
1
(c)
1 − cos 2 x
(d) 3x sin 5x
4. Differentiate, with respect to x,
(a) y = 4 x 3 − 5 cos 3 x ,
(b) y = x2 e x
(c) y = (x 3 + 2x 2 + 3) 5
(d) y = 5 x 2 − 2 e 2 x ,
5. Differentiate with respect to x

x3 + 2
(a) y =
x − x2
e2 x
(b) y = 2 .
3x − x
cos 2 x
(c) y = .
x2 + 3
e2 x
(d) y =
4 − 3x 2
6. Given that y = e 2 x sin 3 x

dy
(a) find
dx
d2 y dy
(b) show that = 2 − 9 y + 6e 2 x cos 3 x
dx 2
dx
7. Given that y = (3x – 2)e2x,
dy
(a) find ,
dx
dy
(b) show that (3x – 2) = (6x – 1) y.
dx
Page: 82
TOPIC: 62 INTEGRATION-I
1. Find the following integral:
(a) ∫ ( x3 + 2x ) dx (f) ∫ ( x + 1 ) ( 2x − 5 ) dx
 
1 1
(b) ∫ ( 2x − 2 + 3 ) dx (g) ∫ x 3 + x− 3 dx .
 

1
  1

 
3
(c) ∫ 3x2 (h) ∫ x 2 −4 x− 2 −1 dx

5x 2 −

dx
   
(i) ∫ ( 8x3 − 6x2 + 5 ) dx

 
1 1
(d) ∫ 2x 2 − 2x − 2 +4 dx
 
 
1
(j) ∫ 5x + 2 x 2 dx .
 
 
1 3
(e) ∫ x + x− 2 + x− 2 dx
  (k) ∫ ( x + 1 ) ( 2x − 3 )
dx.
√x
2. Find the following integrals:
(a) ∫ ( 2x + 3 ) x2dx
( 2x2 + 3 )
(b) ∫ x2
dx
(c) ∫ ( 2x + 3 ) 2dx
(d) ∫ ( 2x + 3 ) ( x − 1 ) dx
(e) ∫ ( 2x + 3 ) √ x dx
3. Integrate the following with respect to x
(a) ( x + 2 ) 2
(b)  x+
1
 2
 x

(c) ( √ x + 2 ) 2
(d) √ x ( x + 2 )
(e)  x+2

√x
 
(f)  1
+2√x 
√x
 
Page: 83
TOPIC: 63 INTEGRATION-II
1. Find the following integrals:
(a) ∫  3√x+
1  dx (f) ∫  2
+ 3x √ x  dx
√x
 x2   
(b) ∫  2
+ 3x2  dx
(g) ∫ ( x − 3 ) 2dx
√x
 
( 2x + 1 ) 2
  ∫
2
4 (h) √x dx
(c) ∫ x 3 + dx
 x3 
(d) ∫  2+x
+3  dx (i) ∫  3+
√ x + 6x3
 dx
 
x
 x3 
(e) ∫ ( x2 + 3 ) ( x − 1 ) dx (j) ∫ √ x ( √ x + 3 ) 2dx
2. Evaluate the following definite integrals:
(a) ∫
2
 2
+ 3x  dx
1
 x3 
2
(b) ∫ 0 ( 2x3 − 4x + 5 ) dx
(c) ∫4
9
 √x−
6
 dx
 x2 
(d) ∫1
2
 6x −
12
+3  dx
 x4 

1
(e) ∫1
8
x− 3 + 2x − 1  dx
 
3. Evaluate the following definite integrals:
(a) ∫
3  x3 + 2x2  dx
 
1 x
4
(b) ∫ 1
( √ x − 3 ) 2dx
(c) ∫
6
 x−
3  2dx
3
 x

(d) ∫
1
x2
 √x+
1  dx
0
 x

4
2+ √x
(e) ∫ 1 dx
x2
Page: 84
TOPIC: 64 INTEGRATION-III
1. Write
Z down the following
Z integrals: Z Z
(a) sin x dx, (b) cos x dx, (c) sin 2x dx, (d) cos 2x dx
2. f(θ ) = 5 cos θ – 12 sin θ.

π
Evaluate ∫ f (θ ) dθ , giving your answer in the form c + d√3, where c and d are
3
0
rational numbers.
3. Using,
cos 3 θ ≡ 4 cos3 θ – 3 cos θ.
π
a
∫ cos3 θ dθ , giving your answer in the form √ c , where a, b and c are
3
(a) Evaluate
integers. 0 b
π
∫ 0 (3 cos θ + 2 sin θ) dθ.

2
(b) Find 3
4. Using,
VLQ $ VLQ $ ± VLQ $
D )LQG VLQ
ș FRV ș Gș

E +HQFH HYDOXDWH VLQ ș FRV ș Gș JLYLQJ \RXU DQVZHU LQ WKH IRUP

ZKHUH D E DQG F DUH LQWHJHUV
5. Using,
cos 4θ – 3 cos 2θ = 8 sin 4 θ − 2 sin 2 θ − 2
π
Find the exact value of ∫ 4 sin 4 θ − sin 2 θ + cos θ dθ .

2
6. Using, cos 4θ − 6 cos 2θ = 8 sin 4 θ + 4 sin 2 θ − 5

Find the value of m and the value of n,. where
π
4 ∫π4 ( 8 sin 4 θ + 4 sin 2 θ − 5 ) d θ = m + n√ 2

8
7. Using, 16cos 5 θ – 16cos3 θ + 4cos θ = cos 5θ + cos 3θ + 2cos θ

π
Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of ∫ 0
3
(cos5 θ − cos3 θ )dθ.
8. Using, cos8 x + 2 cos 6 x + cos 4 x ≡ 4 cos 6 x cos 2 x .

π
Find the exact value of ∫ 0 cos 6 x cos 2 x dx.

4
9. Using, sin 2 3θ – sin2θ ≡ sin 4θ sin 2θ,

sin 2 3θ – sin2θ ≡ 12 (cos 2θ – cos 6θ),
π
∫ (6 sin 4θ sin 2θ + 2) dθ .
3
Find the exact value of
0
Page: 85
Page: 85
Page: 55
TOPIC: 65 COORDINATE GEOMETRY CALCULUS-I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Page: 86
TOPIC: 66 COORDINATE GEOMETRY CALCULUS-II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. A curve has equation 5y = x2 + 4
The x-coordinate of point P on the curve is 4
(a) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the tangent to the curve at P.
(b) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the normal to the curve at P.
(c) Find the area of the triangle formed by the tangent at P, the normal at P and the
x-axis.
5 x 2 + 10
6. A curve has equation y = , x ≠ 12 .
2x −1
The curve crosses the y-axis at the point A.
(d) Find an equation for the tangent to the curve at A.
(e) Find an equation for the normal to the curve at A.
(f) Find the area enclosed by the tangent at A, the normal at A and the x-axis.
Page: 87
TOPIC: 67 COORDINATE GEOMETRY CALCULUS-III
1. The curve C has equation 5y = 4(x2 + 1). The coordinates of the point P on the curve
are ( p, 8), p > 0
The line l with equation 5y – 24x + q = 0 is the tangent to C at P.
(a) (i) Show that p = 3
(ii) Find the value of q
(b) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the normal to C at P.
(c) Find the exact value of the area of the triangle formed by the tangent to C at P, the
normal to C at P and the x-axis.
2. The line l passes through the points with coordinates (1, 6) and (3, 2).
(a) Show that an equation of l is y + 2x = 8
The curve C has equation xy = 8

(b) Show that l is a tangent to C.
Given that l is the tangent to C at the point A,
(c) find the coordinates of A.
(d) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, of the normal to C at A.
3. The point A with coordinates (a, b), where a and b are integers, lies on the curve C with
equation y = x3 − 4 x 2 − 2 x + 10. The tangent to C at A is parallel to the line with equation
y = x + 7. Find
(a) the value of a and the value of b,
(b) an equation for the tangent to C at A.
x2
4. The curve C1, with equation y = x 2 , meets the curve C2, with equation y = , at the
origin and at the point A. x −1
Find
(a) the coordinates of A,
(b) an equation of the tangent to C1 at A,
(c) an equation of the tangent to C2 at A.
The tangent to C1 at A meets the y-axis at the point B and the tangent to C2 at A meets the
y-axis at the point D.
(d) Find the area of ΔBAD.
Page: 88
TOPIC: 68 COORDINATE GEOMETRY CALCULUS-IV
1. A curve has equation y = x3 + ax + b, where a and b are constants. The gradient of the curve at the
point (2, 7) is 3. Find
(i) the value of a and of b
(ii) the coordinates of the other point on the curve where the gradient is 3.
2. The curves y = x2 and 3y = –2x2 + 20x – 20 meet at the point A.
y
y = x2
3y = –2x2 + 20x – 20
O x
(i) Show that the x-coordinate of A is 2.
(ii) Show that the gradients of the two curves are equal at A
(iii) Find the equation of the tangent to the curves at A
3. The line y = 5x – 3 is a tangent to the curve y = kx2 – 3x + 5 at the point A. Find
(i) the value of k,
(ii) the coordinates of A
1
4. Find the value of m for which the line y = mx – 3 is a tangent to the curve y = x + and find
x
the x-coordinate of the point at which this tangent touches the curve.
5. The line y = 3x + k is a tangent to the curve x2 + xy + 16 = 0.
(i) Find the possible values of k
(ii) For each of these values of k, find the coordinates of the point of contact of the tangent with the
curve.
6. The tangent to the curve y = 3x3 + 2x2 – 5x + 1 at the point where x = –1 meets the y-axis at the
point A.
(i) Find the coordinates of the point A
The curve meets the y-axis at the point B. The normal to the curve at B meets the x-axis at the
point C. The tangent to the curve at the point where x = –1 and the normal to the curve at B meet
at the point D.
(ii) Find the area of the triangle ACD
Page: 89
TOPIC: 69 COORDINATE GEOMETRY CALCULUS-V
1. y l
T
P Q O R x
Figure 2 shows the curve with equation y = k + 7x – x3, where k is a constant. The curve
crosses the x-axis at the points P, Q and R. Given that R has coordinates (3, 0), find
(a) the value of k,
(b) the coordinates of P and the coordinates of Q.
The curve crosses the y-axis at the point S. The line l passes through P and S.
(c) Find an equation for l.
The line l meets the curve again at the point T.
(d) Find the coordinates of T.
(e) Find the equations of the tangents parallel to l .
2 The curve C has equation y = x4 – 4x3 – 2x2 + 13x + 5 and the line l1 is the tangent to C at
the point R(1, 13).
(a) Find an equation for l1
The points P and Q lie on C. The x-coordinates of P and Q are p and q respectively,
where p < q. The tangent to C at P is parallel to l1 and the tangent to C at Q is parallel
to l1
(b) Find the coordinates of P and the coordinates of Q.
The line l2 passes through P and Q.

(c) Find an equation for l2
(d) Show that l2 is a tangent to C at P and a tangent to C at Q.
The normal to C at R(1, 13) intersects l2 at the point S.

(e) Find the exact length of RS.
(f) Find the area of the triangle PQR.
Page: 90
1 2
3 The point P with coordinates (4, 4) lies on the curve C with equation y = x
4
(a) Find an equation of
(i) the tangent to C at P,
(ii) the normal to C at P.
The point Q lies on the curve C. The normal to C at Q and the normal to C at P intersect
at the point R. The line RQ is perpendicular to the line RP.
(b) Find the coordinates of Q.
(c) Find the x-coordinate of R.
The tangent to C at P and the tangent to C at Q intersect at the point S.

(d) Show that the line RS is parallel to the y-axis.
Page: 91
TOPIC: 70 TURNING POINTS- I
1.
2.
3. The equation of a curve is y = (x – 1)(x2 – 6x + 2).

Find the x-coordinates of the stationary points on the curve and determine the nature of each
of these stationary points.
4.
9
5. A curve has the equation y = x + .
x
dy d2y
(i) Find expressions for and .
dx dx2
(ii) Show that the curve has a stationary value when x = 9.
(iii) Find the nature of this stationary value.
25
6. The curve C has equation y = 4 x + 8 + ,x ≠ 2
x−2
(a) Find the coordinates of the stationary points on C.
(b) Determine the nature of each of these stationary points.
7.
Page: 92
TOPIC: 71 TURNING POINTS- II
1 A solid rectangular block has width x cm, length 3x cm and height h cm. The volume of
the block is 450 cm3. The total surface area of the block is A cm2.
1200
(a) Show that =
A 6 x2 + .
x
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of x for which A is a minimum. Verify that
the value you have found does give a minimum value for A.
(c) Find, to the nearest whole number, the minimum value of A.
2 A water tank is in the shape of a right circular cylinder with no lid. The base of the
cylinder is a circle of radius r cm and the height is h cm. The total external surface area
of the tank is A cm2. The capacity of the tank is 50 000π cm3.
(a) Show that A = ( 100 000 2

r
+ r π. )
(b) Find, to the nearest whole number, the minimum value of A. Verify that the value you
have found is a minimum.
3 A solid paperweight in the shape of a cuboid has volume 15 cm3. The paperweight has a
rectangular base of length 5x cm and width x cm and a height of h cm. The total surface
area of the paperweight is A cm2.
36
(a) Show that A = 10x2 +
x
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of x for which A is a minimum, justifying that
this value of x gives a minimum value of A.
(c) Find, to 3 significant figures, the minimum value of A.
4 A solid metal cube of side 5 cm is melted down and all the metal is used to make a right
cylinder.
The radius of the cylinder is r cm and the height is h cm.
The total surface area of the cylinder is A cm2.
250
(a) Show that A= + 2π r 2
r
dA
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of r for which =0
dr
(c) Show that the value of r found in part (b) gives a minimum value of A.
(d) Find, to 3 significant figures, the minimum value of A.
Page: 93
TOPIC: 72 TURNING POINTS- III
h cm
2w cm
5w cm
Figure 1 shows a closed rectangular box of height h cm. The width of the box is 2w cm
and the length is 5w cm. The volume of the box is 540 cm3 and the total external surface
area of the box is A cm2.
756
(a) Show that A = 20 w2 + .
w
dA
(b) Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of w for which = 0.
dw
(c) Prove that the value of w obtained in part (b) gives a minimum value for A.
(d) Find, to the nearest whole number, the minimum value of A.
h cm
x cm
3x cm
Figure 2 shows a box in the shape of a cuboid of height h cm.
The base of the box is a rectangle of length 3x cm and width x cm.
The top of the box is open.
The volume of the box is V cm3 and the total external surface area of the box is 25 cm2.
3
(a) Show that V = x(25 – 3x2).
8
Given that x can vary,
(b) find the maximum value of V.
Page: 94
3
x cm
x cm
50 cm
80 cm
A rectangular sheet of card measures 80 cm by 50 cm. A square of side x cm is cut away

from each corner, as shown in Figure 1. The card is folded along the dotted lines to form
an open rectangular box of volume V cm3 .
(a) Show that V = 4000 x − 260 x 2 + 4 x3 .
(b) Find the value of x for which V has its maximum value, justifying that this value of x
gives the maximum value of V.
(c) Find the maximum value of V.
4
E Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
F D
A cm2
y cm y cm
B 2x cm C
Figure 2 shows a shape BCDEF of area A cm2. In the shape, BCDF is a rectangle and
DEF is a semicircle with FD as diameter.
BF = CD = y cm and BC = FD = 2x cm. The perimeter of the shape BCDEF is 30 cm.
(a) Find an expression for y in terms of x.
1
(b) Show that A = 30x – 2x 2 – 2
2
(c) Find, to 2 significant figures, the maximum value of A, justifying that the value you
have found is a maximum.
Page: 95
5.
6.
lm
rm
The diagram shows a greenhouse standing on a horizontal rectangular base. The vertical semicircular
ends and the curved roof are made from polythene sheeting. The radius of each semicircle is r m and
the length of the greenhouse is l m. Given that 120 m2 of polythene sheeting is used for the greenhouse,
express l in terms of r and show that the volume, V m3, of the greenhouse is given by
πr 3
V = 60r – .
2
Given that r can vary, find, to 2 decimal places, the value of r for which V has a stationary value.
Find this value of V and determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum.
7. r cm
h cm
The diagram shows a solid object in the form of a cylinder of height h cm and radius r cm on top
of a hemisphere of radius r cm. Given that the volume of the object is 2880 π cm3,
(i) express h in terms of r,
(ii) show that the external surface area, A cm2, of the object is given by
A = 5 π r2 + 5760 π
3 r .
Given that r can vary,
(iii) find the value of r for which A has a stationary value,
(iv) find this stationary value of A, leaving your answer in terms of π,
(v) determine the nature of this stationary value.
Page: 96
TOPIC: 73 RATE OF CHANGE -I
1 Oil is dripping from a pipe at a constant rate and forms a circular pool. The area of the
pool is increasing at 15 cm2/s. Find, to 3 significant figures, the rate of increase of the
radius of the pool when the area is 50 cm2.
2 Oil is leaking from a hole in a pipe. The oil forms a circular pool of radius r cm.
The area, A cm2, of the surface of the pool is increasing at a constant rate of 0.3 cm2/s.
Find, to 3 significant figures, the rate of increase of the radius of the pool when the area
is 40 cm2.
3 The volume of liquid in a container is V cm3 when the depth of the liquid is h cm. Liquid
is added to the container at a rate of 36 cm3/s. Given that V = 4h3, find the rate at which
the depth of the liquid is increasing when V = 500
4 Water flows into a bowl at a constant rate of 10 cm3 s−1

When the depth of water in the bowl is h cm, the volume of water is V cm3, where V = rh 2 . Find the rate at
which the depth is increasing at the instant in time when the depth is 5 cm.
5 The volume of a right circular cone is increasing at a constant rate of 12 cm3/s. The
radius of the base of the cone is always half the height of the cone. Find, in cm/s, the
exact value of the rate of increase of the height of the cone when the height is 4 cm.
6 The volume of a right circular cone is increasing at the rate of 45 cm3/s. The height of
the cone is always three times the radius of the base of the cone. Find the rate of increase
of the area of the base to 3 significant figures, when the radius of the cone is 4 cm.
3 -1
7 A spherical balloon of radius r cm has volume V cm3. The balloon is inflated at a constant rate of 10 cm s
Find the rate of increase of the surface area of the sphere when r = 8 .
8 The volume of a sphere is increasing at a rate of 25 cm3/s.

Find the rate of increase of the surface area of the sphere when the radius is 2.5 cm.
8
9 A curve has the equation
= y .–––––
2x – 1
dy
(i) Find an expression for –––
dx
(ii) Given that y is increasing at a rate of 0.2 units per second when x = – 0.5, find the corresponding
rate of change of x.
Page: 97
TOPIC: 74 RATE OF CHANGE -II
1 Fig. 4 shows a cone with its axis vertical. The angle between the axis and the slant edge is 45°. Water is
poured into the cone at a constant rate of 5cm 3 per second. At time t seconds, the height of the water surface
above the vertex O of the cone is h cm, and the volume of water in the cone is V cm 3 .
h 45°
O
Find V in terms of h.
Hence find the rate at which the height of water is increasing when the height is 10 cm.
2.
30°
Figure 1 shows a right circular cone which is fixed with its vertex at its lowest point and its
axis vertical. The semi-vertical angle of the cone is 30°. The cone is filled with sand. Sand
then leaks from the cone through a small hole at the vertex at a constant rate of 5 cm3 /s.
Find, in cm/s to 2 significant figures, the rate of decrease of the radius of the circular
surface of the sand when the depth of the sand is 10 cm.
3. Fig. 4 shows a cone. The angle between the axis and the slant edge is 30°. Water is poured into the
cone at a constant rate of 2 cm3 per second. At time t seconds, the radius of the water surface is
r cm and the volume of water in the cone is V cm3.
r cm
30∞
dV
(i) Write down the value of .
dt
3 3 dV
(ii) Show that V = p r , and find .
3 dr
dr
(iii) Use the results of parts (i) and (ii) to find the value of when r 2.
dt
Page: 98
4 Fig. 4 is a diagram of a garden pond.
hm
The volume V m3 of water in the pond when the depth is h metres is given by
V 13 p h2 ( 3 h ) .
dV
(i) Find .
dh
Water is poured into the pond at the rate of 0.02 m3 per minute.
dh
(ii) Find the value of when h 0.4.
dt
5
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
10 cm
60° h cm
A container in the shape of a right circular cone of height 10 cm is fixed with its axis
of symmetry vertical. The vertical angle of the container is 60°, as shown in Figure 3.
Water is dripping out of the container at a constant rate of 2 cm3/s. At time t = 0 the
container is full of water. At time t seconds the depth of water remaining is h cm.
1
⎡ 18t ⎤ 3
(a) Show that h = ⎢1000 −
⎣ π ⎥⎦
(b) Find, in cm2/s, to 3 significant figures, the rate of change of the area of the surface of
the water when t = 15
Page: 99
TOPIC: 75 APPROXIMATION5
1. Two variables, x and y, are related by the equation

32
y = 6x2 + .
x3
dy
(i) Obtain an expression for .
dx
(ii) Use your expression to f ind the approximate change in the value of y when x increases from
2 to 2.04.
2. The two variables x and y are such that y = 10 .

(x + 4)3
dy
(i) Find an expression for .
dx
(ii) Hence find the approximate change in y as x increases from 6 to 6.05
3. The two variables x and y are related by the equation yx2 = 800.
(i) Obtain an expression for dy in terms of x

dx
(ii) Hence find the approximate change in y as x deccreases from 10 to 9.8.
4. Oil is dripping from a pipe onto horizontal ground, forming a circular pool.
Find an estimate for the percentage increase in the area of the pool when its radius
increases by 1%.
5. Oil is dripping from a leaking pipe and forms a circular pool. Find an estimate of the
percentage increase in the radius of the pool when the area has increased by x%, where x
is small.
Page: 100
TOPIC: 76 AREA BOUNDED BY THE CURVE - I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 101
TOPIC: 77 AREA BOUNDED BY THE CURVE - II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 102
TOPIC: 78 AREA BOUNDED BY THE CURVE - III
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 103
6.
7.
Page: 104
TOPIC: 79 AREA BOUNDED BY THE CURVE - IV
y
1.
C
l
S
A O B x
Figure 2 shows the curve C with equation y = 15 + 2x – x2
The curve crosses the x-axis at the points A and B.
(a) Find the x-coordinate of A and the x-coordinate of B.
(b) Use calculus to find the area of the finite region bounded by C and the x-axis.
The line l with equation y = x + 9 intersects C at the points R and S.
(c) Find the x-coordinate of R and the x-coordinate of S.
(d) Use calculus to find the area of the region bounded by C, the line l and the x-axis,
shown shaded in Figure 2.
2.
y l
T
P Q O R x
Figure 2 shows the curve with equation y = k + 7x – x3, where k is a constant. The curve
crosses the x-axis at the points P, Q and R. Given that R has coordinates (3, 0), find
(a) the value of k,
(b) the coordinates of P and the coordinates of Q.

The curve crosses the y-axis at the point S. The line l passes through P and S.
(c) Find an equation for l.
The line l meets the curve again at the point T.
(d) Find the coordinates of T.

(e) Calculate the area of the region shown shaded in Figure 2.
Page: 105
3. The points A and B have coordinates (0, 2 ) and (4, 6 ) respectively.
The line l passes through A and B.
(a) Find an equation for l.
l
B
O x
f ( x ) = x3 − px 2 − qx + r , p, q, r ∈+
Figure 1 shows the curve C with equation y = f (x ) and the line l.
The point D has coordinates (1, − 3) .
The curve C passes through the points A, D and B.
(b) Show that r = 2
(c) Find the value of p and the value of q.
(d) Find the area of the shaded region shown in Figure 1.
Page: 106
4. f(x) = x3 + px2 + qx + 6 p, q ]
Given that f(x) = (x – 1)(x – 3) (x + r)
(a) find the value of r.
Hence, or otherwise,
(b) find the value of p and the value of q.
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
A
O 1 3 x
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows the curve C with equation y = f(x) which crosses the x-axis at the points
with coordinates (3, 0) and (1, 0) and at the point A. The point B on C has x-coordinate 2
(c) Find an equation of the tangent to C at B.
(d) Show that the tangent at B passes through A.
(e) Use calculus to find the area of the finite region bounded by C and the tangent at B.
Page: 107
TOPIC: 80 AREA BOUNDED BY THE CURVE - V
y
1. C
P Q O R x
f (x) = x3 + ax 2 + bx + d , a, b, d ∈ Z
Figure 2 shows the curve C with equation y = f (x ) .
The curve C crosses the x-axis at the points P, Q and R.
The x-coordinates of P, Q and R are −3, − 1 and 2 respectively.
The point S on C has x-coordinate −2
(a) Find the value of a, the value of b and the value of d.

The line l is the tangent to C at S.
(b) Find an equation for l giving your answer in the form y = px + q.
(c) Hence show that l passes through R.

(d) Find the area of the region enclosed by C and l.
2. f(x) = x3 + px 2 − qx − 6, p, q ∈ ]
Given that x − 2 and x + 3 are factors of f(x),
(a) find the value of p and the value of q.
(b) Hence, or otherwise, factorise f(x) completely.

The curve with equation y = f(x) meets the curve with equation y = x3 − 3 in two points.
(c) Find the coordinates of the two points of intersection.

(d) In the space below, sketch, on the same axes,
(i) the curve with equation y = f(x) showing the coordinates of the points where the
curve intersects the coordinate axes,
(ii) the curve with equation y = x3 − 3
(e) Find the exact value of the area of the finite region bounded by the curve with
equation y = f(x) and the curve with equation y = x3 − 3
Page: 108
3 The curve R has equation y = x 2 – 7x + 10
The curve S has equation y = –x 2 + 7x – 2
(a) Find the coordinates of each of the two points where the curves R and S intersect.
(b) Find the area of the finite region bounded by the curve R and the curve S.
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5. Figure 1
P y
O x
Q
Figure 1 shows the curve with equation y = f (x) where f'(x) = 3x2 – 4x – 4. Given that the
curve passes through the point with coordinates (1, 0),
(a) find f(x).

The curve has a maximum point at P and a minimum point at Q.
(b) Find the exact values of the coordinates of

(i) P, (ii) Q.
(c) Write down an equation for

(i) the tangent at P,
(ii) the normal at Q.
(d) Find the exact value of the finite area enclosed by the curve between the points P
and Q, the tangent at P and the normal at Q.
Page: 109
TOPIC: 81 VOLUME -I
1.
2.
3. The region enclosed by the curve with equation y2 = 16x, the x-axis and the lines x = 2 and
x = 4 is rotated through 360° about the x-axis. Find, in terms of π, the volume of the solid
generated.
4. The finite region enclosed by the curve with equation y = 9 –x2 and the x-axis is rotated
through 360° about the x-axis. Find, to 3 significant figures, the volume of the solid
generated.
5. y
y =5
O x
Figure 1 shows the curve with equation y = 9 − x 2 and the line y = 5

The shaded region is rotated through 360° about the x-axis.
Find, to 3 significant figures, the volume of the solid generated.
Page: 110
TOPIC: 82 VOLUME -II
1.
Figure 1 shows the curve C1 with equation y 2 = 8 x + 4 and the curve C2 with
equation y 2 = 8 − 4 x .
The curves C1 and C2 intersect at the points A and B.
(a) Find the exact coordinates of A.
The shaded region enclosed by C1, C2 and the x-axis is rotated through 360 ° about the
x-axis.
(b) Find, in terms of π , the volume of the solid generated.
2.
C2 y
C1
A
O x
Figure 1 shows the curve C1 with equation y2 = 8x and the curve C2 with equation
1 2
y= x . The curves intersect at the origin O and at the point A.
8
(a) Show that the y-coordinate of A is 8
(b) Write down the x-coordinate of A.
The finite region enclosed by C1 and C2 is rotated through 360° about the x-axis to generate
a solid S.
(c) Find, as a multiple of π, the volume of S.
Page: 111
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4 y
A (a, a) C
O x
The curve C, with equation y 2 = 5 x and the line l intersect at the point A with
coordinates (a, a), a ≠ 0, as shown in Figure 1.
(a) Find the value of a.
5
The line l has gradient − and intersects the x-axis at the point B.
7
(b) Find the x-coordinate of B.
The shaded region is rotated through 360° about the x-axis.

(c) Find, in terms of , the volume of the solid generated.
Page: 112
TOPIC: 83 VOLUME -III
1. The region enclosed by the curve with equation y = e2x + 4, the x-axis, the y-axis and the
line x = 2 is rotated through 360° about the x-axis. Find, in terms of e and π, the volume
of the solid generated.
2. A curve has equation 5y = x2 + 4
The x-coordinate of point P on the curve is 4
(a) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the tangent to the curve at P.
(b) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the normal to the curve at P.
(c) Find the area of the triangle formed by the tangent at P, the normal at P and the
x-axis.
The finite region bounded by the curve, the normal at P and the coordinate axes is rotated
through 360° about the x-axis.
(d) Find, to 3 significant figures, the volume of the solid generated.
3. The curve C has equation 5y = 4(x2 + 1). The coordinates of the point P on the curve
are ( p, 8), p > 0
The line l with equation 5y – 24x + q = 0 is the tangent to C at P.
(a) (i) Show that p = 3
(ii) Find the value of q
(b) Find an equation, with integer coefficients, for the normal to C at P.
(c) Find the exact value of the area of the triangle formed by the tangent to C at P, the
normal to C at P and the x-axis.
The finite region bounded by C, the tangent to C at P, the x-axis and the y-axis is rotated
through 360° about the x-axis.
(d) Find, to 2 significant figures, the volume of the solid generated.
3 5
4. A curve has equation a y = x , where x . 0 and a is a positive constant.
2 2
(a) Show that an equation of the normal to the curve at the point with coordinates (a, a)
is 5 y + 2 x = 7 a .
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where this normal meets the x-axis.
The finite region bounded by the curve, the normal to the curve at the point (a, a) and the
x-axis is rotated through 360° about the x-axis.
(c) Find, in terms of π, the volume of the solid generated.
Page: 113
TOPIC: 84 KINEMATICS-I
1 A particle is moving along a straight line. At time t seconds, t0, the displacement,
s metres, of the particle from a fixed point of the line is given by s = t 3 + 2t 2 − 3t + 6
Find the value of t for which the particle is moving with velocity 12 m/s.
2. A particle P moves in a straight line such that, at time t seconds, its displacement,
s metres, from a fixed point O of the line is given by s = t 3 – 6t 2 + 5t
Find
(a) the values of t for which P passes through O
(b) the speed of P each time it passes through O
(c) the greatest speed of P in the interval 0 - t - 5
3. A particle is moving along a straight line. At time t seconds, the displacement, s metres,
of the particle from a fixed point of the line is given by s = 4t3 – 22t2 + 24t + 31.
Find
(a) the values of t when the particle is instantaneously at rest,
(b) the acceleration of the particle when it is instantaneously at rest for the first time.
4. A particle P moves in a straight line. At time t seconds, the displacement, s metres, of P

from a fixed point O of the line is given by s = 2t cos t + t2. Find, in m/s to 3 significant
figures, the velocity of P when t = 3.
5. A particle moves in a straight line such that its displacement, x m, from a fixed point O at time
t s, is given by x = 3 + sin 2t, where t ⭓ 0.
(i) Find the velocity of the particle when t = 0.
(ii) Find the value of t when the particle is first at rest.
(iii) Find the distance travelled by the particle before it first comes to rest.
3π
(iv) Find the acceleration of the particle when t = .
4
Page: 114
TOPIC: 85 KINEMATICS-II
1. A particle P moves in a straight line. Initially P is at rest at a fixed point O of the line. At
time t seconds after leaving O the velocity, v m/s, of P is given by v = 3t – t2. Find the
distance P moves before coming to rest again.
2. A particle P is moving in a straight line.

At time t seconds, t . 0 , the velocity of P is v m/s, where v = 4 + 6t – t 2.
(a) Find an expression, in terms of t, for the acceleration of P at time t.
(b) Find the maximum velocity of P.

3. A particle moves in a straight line so that, t s after passing through a fixed point O, its velocity,
60 .
v ms–1, is given by v = –––––––
(3t + 4)2
(i) Find the velocity of the particle as it passes through O
(ii) Find the acceleration of the particle when t = 2.
(iii) Find an expression for the displacement of the particle from O, t s after it has passed
through O.
4. A particle travels in a straight line, starting from rest at point A, passing through point B and coming to
rest again at point C. The particle takes 5 s to travel from A to B with constant acceleration. The motion
of the particle from B to C is such that its speed, v ms–1, t seconds after leaving A, is given by
1
v= (20 – t)3 for 5 t T.
225
(i) Find the speed of the particle at B and the value of T.
(iii) Calculate the distance AC.
5. A particle P moves in a straight line. At time t seconds, the velocity, v m/s, of P is given
by v = t2 – 2t + 9. Find
(a) the acceleration of P, in m/s2, when t = 3,
(b) the distance P travels in the interval 0 t 6.

6. A particle P moves in a straight line. At time t seconds, the velocity, v m/s, of P is given by
v = 5 – 2t + t2. Find
(a) the acceleration, in m/s2, of P when t = 3,
(b) the distance, in metres, travelled by P in the interval 0 - t - 4.
7. A particle moves along a straight line.
At time t seconds the velocity, v ms–1, of the particle is given by v = t 3 – 7t 2 + 12t, t 0
(a) Find the values of t for which the particle is instantaneously at rest.
(b) Sketch the graph of v = t 3 – 7t 2 + 12t, t 0
(c) Find, to 3 significant figures, the total distance travelled by the particle in the interval
0 t 4
Page: 115
TOPIC: 86 KINEMATICS-III
1. A particle P moves along the x-axis. At time t seconds (t .0) the velocity, v m/s, of P is
given by v = 5cos2t. Find
(a) the least value of t for which P is instantaneously at rest,
(b) the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of P.
When t = 0, P is at the point (2, 0).

(c) Find the distance of P from the origin when P first comes to instantaneous rest.
2. A particle travels in a straight line so that, t s after passing through a fixed point O, its velocity,
()
v ms–1, is given by v = 12cos t .
3
(i) Find the value of t when the velocity of the particle first equals 2 ms–1

(iii) Find the distance of the particle from O when it first comes to instantaneous rest.
3. A particle travels in a straight line so that, t s after passing through a fixed point O, its speed, v ms–1, is
()
given by v = 8cos –2 .
t
(i) Find the acceleration of the particle when t = 1.
The particle first comes to instantaneous rest at the point P.
(ii) Find the distance OP.
4. A body moves in a straight line such that, t s after passing through a fixed point O, its
displacement from O is s m. The velocity v ms–1 of the body is such that v = 5cos4t.
(i) Write down the velocity of the body as it passes through O
(ii) Find the value of t when the acceleration of the body is first equal to 10 ms–2
(iii) Find the value of s when t = 5.
5. A particle starts from rest and moves in a straight line so that, t seconds after leaving a fixed point O, its
velocity, v ms–1, is given by
v = 4 sin 2t.
(i) Find the distance travelled by the particle before it first comes to instantaneous rest.
Page: 116
TOPIC: 87 KINEMATICS-IV
1. A particle, travelling in a straight line, passes a fixed point O on the line with a speed of 0.5 ms–1. The
acceleration, a ms–2, of the particle, t s after passing O, is given by a = 1.4 – 0.6t.
(i) Show that the particle comes instantaneously to rest when t = 5.
(ii) Find the total distance travelled by the particle between t = 0 and t = 10.
2. A particle moves in a straight line so that t seconds after passing a fixed point O its acceleration,
a ms–2, is given by a = 4t – 12. Given that its speed at O is 16 ms–1, find
(i) the values of t at which the particle is stationary,
(ii) the distance the particle travels in the fifth second.
3. A particle travels in a straight line so that, t seconds after passing a fixed point A on the line, its
acceleration, a ms–2, is given by a = –2 – 2t. It comes to rest at a point B when t = 4.
(i) Find the velocity of the particle at A.
(ii) Find the distance AB.
4. A particle, moving in a straight line, passes through a fixed point O with velocity 14 ms–1. The
acceleration, a ms–2, of the particle, t seconds after passing through O, is given by a = 2t – 9. The
particle subsequently comes to instantaneous rest, firstly at A and later at B. Find
(i) the acceleration of the particle at A and at B
(ii) the greatest speed of the particle as it travels from A to B
(iii) the distance AB
Page: 117
TOPIC: 88 KINEMATICS-V
1 The particle M is moving along the straight line PQ with a constant acceleration of 2 m/s2.
At time t = 0, M is at the point P moving with velocity 6 m/s towards Q.
(a) Find an expression for the velocity of M at time t seconds.
(b) Show that the displacement of M from P at time t seconds is (t 2 + 6t) metres.
A second particle N is moving along PQ. The acceleration of N at time t seconds is 6t m/s2.
At time t = 0, N is stationary at the point P.
(c) Find an expression for the velocity of N at time t seconds.
(d) Find an expression for the displacement of N from P at time t seconds.
(e) Find the distance between M and N at time t = 5 seconds.
(f) Find the value of t, t > 0, when the two particles meet.
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Page: 118
TOPIC: 89 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Page: 119
TOPIC: 90 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - II
1.
2.
3. Find the sum of all the integers from 5 to 195 inclusive which are not multiples of 5.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1. The sum of the first 10 terms of an arithmetic series is 295, and the sum of the first 8 terms
of the same series is 196. Find
(a) the common difference of the series,

(b) the first term of the series.
Page: 120
TOPIC: 91 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - III
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2. The 9th term of an arithmetic series is five times the second term.
(a) Show that the 19th term is five times the 4th term.
Given also that the sum of the first 12 terms of the series is 300,
(b) show that the first term is 3,
(c) find the common difference of the series.
The sum of the first p terms of the series is less than 2000
(d) Find the greatest value of p.
3. The third term of an arithmetic series is 70 and the sum of the first 10 terms of the series
is 450
(a) Calculate the common difference of the series.
The sum of the first n terms of the series is Sn

Given that S n . 350
(b) find the set of possible values of n.
4. The fourth term of an arithmetic series is four times the eighth term. The sum of the first
four terms is 164. Find
The sum of the first n terms of the series is Sn.
(c) Find the greatest value of n for which Sn is positive.
Page: 121
TOPIC: 92 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - IV
1. The sum, Sn, of the first n terms of an arithmetic series is given by S n = n (2n + 1) .
For this series,
(a) prove that the first term is 3,
(b) find the common difference,
(c) find the value of the 25th term.
2. The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic series is 2n (n + 3)

Find
(a) the first term of the series,
(b) the common difference of the series,
(c) the 25th term of the series.
3. The sum Sn of the first n terms of an arithmetic series is given by Sn = n(2n + 3). The
first term of the series is a.
(a) Show that a = 5
(b) Find the common difference of the series.
(c) Find the 12th term of the series.
Given that 1 + Sp + 4 = 2 Sp
(d) find the value of p.
n
4. The sum, Sn , of the first n terms of an arithmetic series is given by Sn 4 (13 7 n ).
Find
(b) the rth term of the series,
(c) the common difference of the series.
The pth term of the series is a multiple of the first term.
(d) Given that p ≠ 1, find the least value of p.
Page: 122
TOPIC: 93 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - V
1. The 15th term of an arithmetic series is 46. The sum of the first 20 terms is 650. Find
(b) the first term of the series,
(c) the least number of terms for which the sum of the series is greater than 1000.
Given that the series has 40 terms,
(d) find the sum of the last 10 terms of the series.
2. In an arithmetic series, the sum of the sixth and seventh terms is equal to five times the
sum of the first and second terms. The fourth term of the series is 15.
(a) Find, for the series,
(i) the first term,

(ii) the common difference.
(b) Find the sum of the 10th to 25th terms inclusive of the series.
3. An arithmetic series has first term a and common difference d. The nth term of the series
is tn and the sum of the first n terms of the series is Sn
(a) Write down an expression in terms of a and d for
(i) t58
(ii) S13
Given that t58 = S13

4
(b) show that d = – a
7
(c) show that t176 = S21
(d) find the value of r when tr = 5t9
4. The third and fifth terms of an arithmetic series are given by log pq4 and log pq8
respectively, q ≠ 1.
The common difference of the series is b log q, where b is a constant. Find

(a) the value of b,

The sum of the first n terms of the series can be written in the form s log pqr.
(c) Express r and s in terms of n.
Given that the sum of the first 16 terms of the series is 10 times the sum of the first 4 terms
of the series,
(d) show that log p = 5 log q.

Page: 123
5. The first four terms of an arithmetic series, S, are
loga 2 + loga 4 + loga 8 + loga 16
(a) Write down an expression for the rth term of S.
(b) Find an expression for the common difference of S.
The sum of the first n terms of S is Sn

1
(c) Show that Sn = n(n + 1) loga 2
2
The first four terms of a second arithmetic series, T, are
loga 6 + loga 12 + loga 24 + loga 48
The sum of the first n terms of T is Tn
(d) Find Tn – Sn and simplify your answer.
Page: 124
TOPIC: 94 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION - I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Page: 125
TOPIC: 95 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION - II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
7.
8.
9. A geometric series is such that the difference between the third and second terms is 12.
Also, the difference between the fifth and fourth terms is 27.
The common ratio of the series is r, where r > 1.
Find
(a) the value of r,
A new geometric series starts with the second term of the original series.
The common ratio of this series is r2.
(c) Find, to the nearest whole number, the sum of the first 10 terms of this new series.
Page: 126
TOPIC: 96 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION - III
1 The sum of the first and third terms of a geometric series is 100
The sum of the second and third terms is 60
(a) Find the two possible values of the common ratio of the series.
Given that the series is convergent, find
(b) the first term of the series,
(c) the least number of terms for which the sum is greater than 159.9
2 The sum of the first and third terms of a geometric series G is 104
The sum of the second and third terms of G is 24
Given that G is convergent and that the sum to infinity is S, find
(a) the common ratio of G
(b) the value of S
The sum of the first and third terms of another geometric series H is also 104 and the
sum of the second and third terms of H is 24
The sum of the first n terms of H is Sn
(c) Write down the common ratio of H
(d) Find the least value of n for which S n > S
3 The sum to infinity of a convergent geometric series is 243 and the sum of the first four
terms of this series is 240.
(a) Find the two possible values of the common ratio of the series, giving your answers
as exact fractions.
For each value of the common ratio
(b) find the first term of the series.
Given that the sum of the second and third terms is negative,
(c) find the eighth term of the series.

(d) Find, to 2 decimal places, the sum of the first 8 terms of the series.
4 The sum to infinity of a convergent geometric series is 80x, x > 0, and the sum of the first
four terms is 75x.
(a) Find the possible values of the common ratio of the series.
Given that the first term of the series is greater than 100x,
(b) find, in terms of x, the first term of the series.

Given also that the fifth term of the series is 30
(c) find the value of x.

Page: 127
6. The third and fifth terms of a geometric series G are 360 and 90 respectively.
Find
(a) the two possible values of the common ratio of G,
(b) the first term of G.
The sum of the first three terms of G is greater than the sum of the first four terms of G.
(c) Find the sum of the first 12 terms of G. Write down all the figures on your calculator
display.
(d) Find the sum to infinity of G.
(e) Find, to 3 significant figures, the percentage error when the sum of the first 12 terms
of G is used as an approximation for the sum to infinity of G.
Page: 128
TOPIC: 97 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION - IV
1 The first term of a geometric series S is 2

The second term of S is 2−2
(a) (i) Find the exact value of the common ratio of S.
(ii) Find the third term of S, giving your answer in the form a 2 + b, where a and b
are integers.
(b) (i) Explain why the series is convergent.

(ii) Find the sum to infinity of S.
2 The nth term of a geometric series is tn and the common ratio is r, where r > 0
Given that t1 = 1
(a) write down an expression in terms of r and n for tn
Given also that tn + tn +1 = tn+ 2
1 + √5
(b) show that r =
2
(c) find the exact value of t4 giving your answer in the form f + gh, where f, g and h are
integers.
3 The third and fifth terms of a geometric series S are 48 and 768 respectively. Find
(a) the two possible values of the common ratio of S,
(b) the first term of S.
Given that the sum of the first 5 terms of S is 615

(c) find the sum of the first 9 terms of S.
1
Another geometric series T has the same first term as S. The common ratio of T is
r
where r is one of the values obtained in part (a). The nth term of T is tn
Given that t2 > t3
(d) find the common ratio of T.
The sum of the first n terms of T is Tn

(e) Writing down all the numbers on your calculator display, find T9
The sum to infinity of T is T

Given that T – Tn > 0.002
(f) find the greatest value of n.
Page: 129
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5 The sum of the second and third terms of a convergent geometric series is 7.5
The sum to infinity, S, of the series is 20
The common ratio of the series is r.
(a) Show that r is a root of the equation
8r3 – 8r + 3 = 0
1
(b) Show that r = is a root of this equation.
2
Given that r < 0.6
1
(c) show that is the only possible value of r.
2
(d) Find the first term of the series.
The sum of the first n terms of the series is Sn

(e) Find the least value of n for which Sn exceeds 99% of S.
Page: 130
TOPIC: 98 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION - V
1.
2.
3. The first three terms of a geometric series are non-identical and are given by (x + 2), 3x
and (7x – 4) respectively. Find
(b) the common ratio of the series,
(c) the sum of the first 17 terms of the series.
4. The third, fourth and fifth terms of a geometric series are (5x – 9), (7x – 3) and (12x + 4)
respectively.
(a) Determine the two possible values of x.
Given that all the terms of the series are positive, find, for the series,
(b) the common ratio,
(c) the first term,
(d) the sum of the first 12 terms.
5. The first three terms of a geometric series are 15 x + 6 , 6 x − 3 and x + 4

respectively.
(a) Find the possible values of x.
(b) Find the possible values of the common ratio of the series.
Given that the series is convergent, find
(c) the sum to infinity of the series,
(d) the percentage error when the sum of the first n terms is taken as an approximation
for the sum to infinity.
Page: 131
6. S and T are two geometric series.
The first, third and fifth terms of both series are (x − 4 ), (2 x − 1) and (16 x + 1)
respectively.
(a) Find the two possible values of x.

The terms of S are all positive.
For S, find
(b) the first term,
(c) the common ratio.
The terms of T are all negative.
(d) Find the first term of T.
(e) Find the sum to infinity of T.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
Page: 132
TOPIC: 99 SIGMA NOTATION
1.
50
2. Evaluate ∑ (3r − 5).
r =7
n
3. Find, in terms of n, ∑ (5r − 2) .
r =1
40
4. Find ∑ ( 7 r − 2)
r=4

5. (YDOXDWH U
U
20
6. Evaluate ∑ ( 2n − 3 )
n =6
n
7. Given that ∑ (5r − 2)= 648, find the value of n.
r =1
n
8. Show that ∑ (2r − 1) = n
r =5
2
− 16
n
9. (a) Find, in terms of n, ∑ (7r − 3) .
r =1
30
(b) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate ∑ (7 r − 3) .
r =15
n
Given that ∑ (7r − 3) = 1020 ,
r =1
(c) find the value of n.

n
n
10. (a) Show that ∑ (3r − 4) = 2
(3n − 5)
r =1
50
(b) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate ∑ (3r − 4)
n r =11
Given that ∑ (3r − 4) = 186
r =1
(c) find the value of n.
n
n n 1
11. (a) Show that ¤ r
r 1 2
(b) Hence or otherwise find the sum of all the integers from 1 to 250 inclusive which are
not multiples of 3
Page: 133
12.
13.
a. b. c. d. e.
Page: 134
TOPIC: 100 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. (a) Find the full binomial expansion of (1 + x)5, giving each coefficient as an integer.
5
(b) Hence find the exact value of (1 − 2 3 ) , giving your answer in the form a + b 3 ,
where a and b are integers.
Page: 135
TOPIC: 101 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Page: 136
TOPIC: 102 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- III

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F 2EWDLQ D VHULHV H[SDQVLRQ IRU I [ LQ DVFHQGLQJ SRZHUV RI [ XS WR DQG LQFOXGLQJ WKH

WHUP LQ [
*LYHQ WKDW WKH FRHIILFLHQWV RI [ DQG [ LQ WKH H[SDQVLRQ RI I [ DUH HTXDO

G ILQG WKH YDOXH RI N
2. (a) Expand (1 + 3x 2 ) in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x6,

2
−1
simplifying each term as far as possible.
(b) State the range of values of x for which your expansion is valid.
2 + kx 2
f (x) = , k≠0
(1 + 3 x 2 )
1
2
(c) Obtain a series expansion for f (x ) in ascending powers of x up to and including the
term in x6.
Given that the coefficient of x6 in the series expansion of f (x ) is zero,
(d) show that k = 5
3. (a) Expand, in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3, simplifying each
term as far as possible,
(i) (1 + x)–1
(ii) (1 – 2x)–1
2 1 Ax + B
Given that + =
1 − 2 x 1 + x (1 − 2 x)(1 + x)
(b) find the value of A and the value of B.
1
(c) (i) Obtain a series expansion for in ascending powers of x up to and
(1 − 2 x)(1 + x)
including the term in x2
(ii) State the range of values of x for which this expansion is valid.
Page: 137
TOPIC: 103 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- IV
1
1. (a) Expand (1 + 14 x) 3 in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x2,
−1
(b) Expand (1 − 14 x) 3 in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x2,
(c) State the range of values of x for which both of your expansions are valid.
Using your answers to parts (a) and (b),

1
 4 + x 3 2
(d) expand   in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x ,
 4 − x 
1
1
1
2. (a) Expand (1 + x) in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x2,
5
2
simplifying each term.
1
1 −
(b) Expand (1 − x) 5 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x2,
2
(c) State the range of values of x for which both expansions are valid.
1
⎛ 2+ x ⎞5 2
(d) Expand ⎜ ⎟ in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x ,
⎝ 2 − x ⎠
1
⎛ 3x ⎞ 3
3. (a) Expand ⎜1 − ⎟ in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3,
⎝ 4⎠
simplifying your terms as far as possible.
1
−
⎛ 3x ⎞ 3
(b) Expand ⎜1 + ⎟ in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3,
⎝ 4⎠
(c) Write down the range of values of x for which both of your expansions are valid.
1
4 − 3x ⎞
(d) Expand ⎛⎜
3
⎟ in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3,

⎝ 4 + 3x ⎠
Page: 138
1
 x 5
4. (a) Expand 1 −  in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x3,
 2 1
1
−
 x 5
(b) Expand 1 +  in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x3,
 2
(c) State the range of values of x for which your expansions are valid.
1
 2 − 3 y 5
(d) Using your answers to parts (a) and (b) or otherwise, expand   in
 2 + 3y 
ascending powers of y, up to and including the term in y2, simplifying your
terms as far as possible.
(e) Find the range of values of y for which your expansion is valid.
Page: 139
TOPIC: 104 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- V
4
1.
10
⎛ x ⎞
2. Find the coefficient of x7 in the expansion of ⎜1 + ⎟ , giving your answer in the
⎝ 3⎠
form a 3, where a is a rational number.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Page: 140
TOPIC: 105 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- VI
1. (a) Expand fully (a + bx ) , simplifying each term as far as possible.

6
In the expansion of (a + bx ) , a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, the coefficient of x3 is twice the

6
coefficient of x4. When x = 3 the value of (a + bx ) is 46 656.

6
(b) Find the possible pairs of values of a and b.
2. (a) Expand fully (a + bx)4, simplifying each term as far as possible.
In the expansion of (a + bx)4, a 0, b 0, the coefficient of x is equal to the coefficient
of x2.
Also, when x = 2, the value of (a + bx)4 is 2401
(b) Find the possible pairs of values of a and b.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Page: 141
TOPIC: 106 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- VII
1.
1
2. (a) Expand (1+3x)5 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3,
1
(b) By substituting x = – into your expansion, obtain an approximation for 5
20
8
Write down all the figures on your calculator display.
(c) Explain why you cannot obtain an approximation for 5

4 by substituting x = 1 into
your expansion.
1
3. (a) Expand (1 + 5 x) 3 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x3,
(b) By substituting x = 18 into your expansion, obtain an approximation, to 2 decimal

places, for √13.
3
(c) Calculate the percentage error, to 2 significant figures, in the approximation obtained
in part (b).
1
(1 + 5 x) 3
Given that ≡ a + bx + cx 2 + ...
(1 + x) 4
(d) find the exact values of a, b and c.

1
4. (a) Expand (1 − 6 x) 3 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x2, simplifying
each term.
1
(b) By substituting x = into your expansion, obtain an approximation, to 6 significant
27
3
figures, for 21
(c) Calculate the percentage error, to 2 significant figures, in the approximation obtained
in part (b).
1
(1 − 6 x) 3
Given that ≡ a + bx + cx 2 + …
(1 + x)3
(d) find the values of a, b and c,
(e) state the range of values for x which the series a + bx + cx2 + … converges.
5.
6.
Page: 142
TOPIC: 107 BINOMIAL EXPANSION- VIII
1
1. (a) Expand (1 + 5 x) 5 in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x4,
1
(b) Show that (1 + 325 ) 5 = 12 √
5
37 .
(c) Hence obtain an approximation, to 6 significant figures, for √

5
37.
(d) Calculate the percentage error, to one significant figure, in the approximation obtained
in part (c).
2. (a) Show that the first four terms of the expansion of (1 – x)–k, k 0, in ascending powers
of x can be written as
k (k + 1) 2 k (k + 1)(k + 2) 3
1 + kx + x + x
2 6
1
(b) Expand (1 + kx) 2 , kLQDVFHQGLQJSRZHUVRIx, up to and including the term in x3,
simplifying your terms.
Given that the coefficients of x2 in the two expansions are equal,

(c) find the value of k.
3
Given that 15 = Ȝ
5
(d) find the value of Ȝ.
(e) Hence, using your value of k and one of your expansions with a suitable value of x,
obtain an approximation for 15
3.
Page: 143
www.XtremePapers.net
Page: 144
143
4.
5.
6.
7.
Page: 144
TOPIC: 108 GRAPH LINEAR INEQAULITY
1. (a) On the graph paper draw the lines with equations
(i) y = 2x – 5 , (ii) y = – x + 4 , (iii) y = x .
(b) Show, by shading, the region R for which y > 2x – 5 , y > – x + 4 and y < x.
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
Page: 145
Page: 145
2. (a) On the axes below sketch the lines with equations y = 2 x + 1 and y + 3 x = 9
(b) Show, by shading, the region R defined by the inequalities

y - 2 x + 1, y + 3 x - 9, x . 0 and y . 0
3 (a) On the axes below sketch the lines with equations

(i) y = 8 (ii) y + x = 6 (iii) y = 3x – 4
Show the coordinates of the points where each line crosses the coordinate axes.
(b) Show, by shading, the region R which satisfies y .3x – 4, y + x . 6, x .0 and y - 8
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5 (a) On the same axes, sketch the lines with equations x = 6, y = 3x and y = 15 – 2x.
(b) Show, by shading, the region for which x - 6, y - 3x and y . 15 – 2x.
Page: 146
Page: 146
6. The diagram on shows a sketch of the line with equation y = 16 – 4x.
The line crosses the x-axis at the point A and the y-axis at the point B.
(a) Write down the coordinates of
(i) the point A,
(ii) the point B.
On the diagram
(b) sketch the line with equation x = 3 and the line with equation y = 3x + 8
(c) show, by shading, the region for which y . 16 – 4x, x - 3 and y - 3x + 8
O A x
y = 16 – 4x
Page: 147
TOPIC: 109 GRAPH ASYMPTOTE-I
x−2
1. A curve has equation y = , x ≠ −3
x+3
(a) Write down an equation of the asymptote to the curve which is parallel to
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(b) Calculate the coordinates of the point where the curve crosses
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(c) Sketch the curve, showing clearly the asymptotes and the coordinates of the points
where the curve crosses the coordinate axes.
4 − 3x 2
2. A curve has equation y = , x≠−
3x + 2 3
(i) the x-axis, (ii) the y-axis.
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where the curve crosses
(c) Sketch the curve, showing clearly on your diagram the asymptotes and the coordinates of
the points where the curve crosses the coordinate axes.
x−4
3. A curve has equation y = , x ≠ 5.
5− x
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(b) Sketch the curve, showing clearly the asymptotes and the coordinates of the points at
which the curve crosses the coordinate axis.
Page: 148
Page: 1
TOPIC: 110 GRAPH ASYMPTOTE-II

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2x − 5
2. A curve C has equation y = , x –3
x+3
(a) Find an equation of the asymptote to C which is parallel to
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where C crosses

(c) Sketch the graph of C, showing clearly its asymptotes and the coordinates of the
points where the graph crosses the coordinate axes.
(d) Find the gradient of C at the point on C where x = –1
Page: 149
www.XtremePapers.net
2x −1
3. A curve has equation y = , x ≠ − 12 .
4x + 2
(a) Write down an equation for the asymptote to the curve which is parallel to
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(b) Find the coordinates of the points where the curve crosses the coordinate axes.
The curve intersects the y-axis at the point P.
(d) Find an equation for the normal to the curve at P.
The normal at P meets the curve again at Q.
(e) Find the coordinates of Q.
2x − 3
4. The curve C with equation y = , x v 3, crosses the x-axis at the point A and the
x −3
y-axis at the point B.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and the coordinates of B.
(b) Write down an equation of the asymptote to C which is

(i) parallel to the y-axis,
(ii) parallel to the x-axis.
(c) Sketch C showing clearly the asymptotes and the coordinates of the points A and B.
(d) Find an equation of the normal to C at the point B.
The normal to C at the point B crosses the curve again at the point D.
(e) Find the x-coordinate of D.
Page: 150
TOPIC: 111 GRAPH ASYMPTOTE-III
2
1. A curve has equation y = 3 − , x≠2
x−2
(b) Calculate the coordinates of the point where the curve crosses
2
2. A curve has equation y = 3 − , x ≠ −1.
x +1
(a) Find an equation of the asymptote to the curve which is parallel to
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where the curve crosses
2
3. A curve C has equation y= −1 x≠3
x −3
(a) Find an equation of the asymptote to C which is parallel to
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where C crosses
(c) Sketch the graph of C, showing clearly the asymptotes and the coordinates of the
points where the graph crosses the coordinate axes.
Page: 151
4
y
b
d
O 1 3 x
Figure 1
c
Figure 1 shows a sketch of the curve with equation y = 1 + , where a and c are
integers. x + a
The equations of the asymptotes to the curve are x = 3 and y = b.

(a) Find the value of a and the value of b.
The curve crosses the x-axis at (1, 0) and the y-axis at (0, d).
(b) Find the value of c and the value of d.
1
5 The curve G has equation y = 3 − ,x ≠1
x −1
(a) Find an equation of the asymptote to G which is parallel to
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(b) Find the coordinates of the point where G crosses

(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(c) Sketch G, showing clearly the asymptotes and the coordinates of the points where the
curve crosses the coordinate axes.
A straight line l intersects G at the points P and Q. The x-coordinate of P and the
1
x-coordinate of Q are roots of the equation 2 x − 3 =
x −1
(d) Find an equation of l.
Page: 152
TOPIC: 112 GRAPH ASYMPTOTE-IV
1
1. A curve C has equation y = 4 x + , x ≠1
x −1
(a) Write down an equation of the asymptote to C which is parallel to the y-axis.
(b) Prove that C has a minimum point when x = 3

2 and a maximum point when x = 12 .
(c) Find the y-coordinate of
(i) the minimum point,
(ii) the maximum point.
(d) Sketch C, showing clearly the asymptote found in (a), the coordinates of the turning
points, and the coordinates of the point where the curve crosses the y-axis.
5 x 2 + 10
2. A curve has equation y = , x ≠ 12 .
2x −1
(a) Write down an equation of the asymptote to the curve which is parallel to the y-axis.
(b) Find the coordinates of the stationary points on the curve.
(c) Sketch the curve, showing the asymptote parallel to the y-axis and the coordinates of
the stationary points.
The curve crosses the y-axis at the point A.
(d) Find an equation for the tangent to the curve at A.
(e) Find an equation for the normal to the curve at A.
(f) Find the area enclosed by the tangent at A, the normal at A and the x-axis.
Page: 153
TOPIC: 113 GRAPH PLOT-I
1
1. (a) Complete the table for y = 2 x − 3 + , giving your values of y to 2 decimal places.
x2
x 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
y 2 0 1.25 3.11 5.06
1
The grid on the facing page shows the graph of y = 2 + , 0.3 - x - 4.0
x
1
(b) On the same grid, draw the graph of y = 2 x − 3 + for 0.3 - x - 4.0
x2
(c) Use algebra to show that the x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the curve
1 1
with equation y = 2 x − 3 + and the curve with equation y = 2 + are the roots of
x 2 x
the equation 2 x − 5 x − x + 1 = 0 .
3 2
(d) Hence use your graph to obtain estimates, in the interval 0.3 - x - 4.0, to one decimal
place, of the roots of the equation 2 x3 − 5 x 2 − x + 1 = 0 .
6
2. The grid opposite shows the graph of y = 3x – 4 + for 0.74 - x - 4
x2
6
The line with equation y = 5 x − 4 intersects the curve with equation y = 3 x − 4 + 2 at the
point P. x
(a) Using algebra, show that the x-coordinate of P satisfies x3 = 3
(b) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, obtain an estimate, to 1 decimal place,
for the value of 3

3
5
3. (a) Complete the table of values for y = 2 x − 4 + 2 , giving your answers to 2 decimal
places where appropriate. x
x 0.8 1 1.5 1.7 2 2.5 3 4
y 5.41 1.22 1.8 4.31
5
(b) On the grid opposite, draw the graph of y = 2 x − 4 + for 0.8 - x - 4
x2
(c) Use your graph to obtain estimates, to 1 decimal place, of the roots of the equation
5
2 x + 2 = 6 in the interval 0.8 - x - 4
x
(d) By drawing a straight line on your graph obtain an estimate, to 1 decimal place, of
5
the root of the equation 4 x + 2 = 12 in the interval 0.8 - x - 4
x
Page: 154
y
10 ±
9±
8±
7±
6±
5±
4±
3±
2±
1±
± x
±
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Page: 155
y
10
O 1 2 3 4x
Page: 156
y
O x
1 2 3 4
Page: 157
TOPIC: 114 GRAPH PLOT-II
1x
1. (a) Complete the table for y = e 2 − 12 x , giving your values of y to 3 significant figures,
where appropriate.
x 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
y 1.03 1.37 1.72 2.98 5.39
1x
(b) Using a scale of 4 cm to 1 unit on both axes, draw the graph of y = e 2 − 12 x for
0 - x - 4.
(c) Use your graph to solve, to 2 significant figures,

1x
(i) 2e 2 = x + 3,
(ii) x = 2 ln(2 + 12 x).
2. (a) Complete the table for y = ex – 4x2, giving your values of y to 3 significant figures.
x 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

y 1 0.649 –4.52 –12.8 –15.9
(b) On the grid on the facing page, draw the graph of y = ex – 4x2 for 0 x 4.0
(c) For each of the following equations, use your graph to obtain an estimate, to one
decimal place, for the root between x = 0 and x = 4
(i) x 2 = 14 e x + 2
(ii) x = 1n (4x2 – 3)
Page: 158
y
12
10
–2 –1 O 1 2 3 x
–2
–4
–6
Page: 159
y
O
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 x
–2
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
–14
–16
–18
Page: 160
TOPIC: 115 GRAPH PLOT-III
1. For x radians, x
y = 3 cos
2
(a) Complete the table, giving the three missing values correct to 2 decimal places.
x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
y 3 2.63 2.20 0.95 0.21
On the axes opposite,

x
(b) draw the graph of y = 3 cos for 0 - x - 3.5
2
(c) Using your graph, find an estimate, to 1 decimal place, for the root of the equation
x
2 x = 1 + 2 cos
2
O 1 2 3 4 5 x
–1
–2
Page: 161
2. (a) Complete the table of values for y = 5log10(x + 2) – x, giving your answers to
2 decimal places.
x –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 1 1.51 1.39 –0.77
(b) On the grid opposite, draw the graph of y = 5log10(x + 2) – x for –1 - x - 5
(c) Use your graph to obtain an estimate, to 1 decimal place, of the root of the equation
10 log10(x + 2) – 2x = 1 12 in the interval –1 - x - 5
(d) By drawing an appropriate straight line on your graph, obtain an estimate, to

1
1 decimal place, of the root of the equation x = 10 2 x – 2 in the interval –1 - x - 5
y
2
1.5
0.5
O x
–1 1 2 3 4 5
–0.5
–1
Page: 162

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TOPIC: 1 QUADRATIC FACTORIZATION

(b) Write down

(a) find the value of A, the value of B and the value of C.

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find

(a) find the value of A and the value of B.

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find

(b) Solve the equation.

A Solve the following equations simultaneously

B Solve the following equations simultaneously

11. f(x) = 2x3 + px2 – 5x + 6

6. f (x) = x3 + px2 –11x + q, p, q ∈ R

(c) factorise f(x) completely,

Given that x − 2 and x + 3 are factors of f(x),

(b) Hence, or otherwise, factorise f(x) completely.

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6. f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, where a, b, c and d are integers.

(d) express f(x) as a product of linear factors.

1. (a) Show that

3. The equation 2x2 – 7x + 4 = 0 has roots and

The equation f(x) = 0 has roots α and β.

Without solving the equation find, as exact fractions,

The equation f (x) = 0 has roots αand β.

Without solving the equation, form an equation with integer coefficients,

(b) with roots 2α + β and α + 2β.

(d) Hence write down

(i) the minimum value of f (x),

(ii) the value of x for which this minimum occurs.

1. The equation x2 + px + 1 = 0 has roots and

(a) Find, in terms of k, the value of Į 2 + ȕ 2

Given that 4(Į 2 + ȕ 2) = 7 Į 2 ȕ 2

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The roots of the equation f (x) = 0 are α and β.

Given that 5(α 2 + β 2 ) = 7α 2 β 2,

(b) find the possible values of k.

Given that 3 is a root of the equation found in part (b), find

(c) the value of p,

(d) the other root of the equation.

2. f(x) = 2x2 + px + 3, where p is a constant.

(b) form, in terms of p, a quadratic equation which has roots α 2 and β 2.

Given that 3 is a root of the equation found in part (b), find

(c) the value of the other root of the equation,

(d) the possible values of p.

3. The equation x 2 + mx + 15 = 0 has roots Į and ȕ and the equation x 2 + hx + k = 0 has

(a) Write down the value of k

A Simplify each expression.

Simplify each expression.

29. 10x2 ÷ 5x4

D ORJ q   (j ) log 3 ( 5y + 3) = 5

(c) log 4 (3q + 4) = 3 . (l) log (5n + 9) = 3,

(d) log p = 4 (m) log 1024 = 5

(e) log 343 = 3, (n) log (6y + 11) = 3

(f) log x 125 = 3 (o) log m 16807 = 5

(h) log 5 625 = x

(b) Hence solve the equation

2. Solve the equation

(a) logm 4 + 8 log4 m = 6,

(b) 2logm 8 + 3log8 m = 7

(d) Solve 12 log p 5 = 3log 5 p

(e) 2log3 t + logt 9 = 5

(f) 3 − log 3 p = log p 9

1. Solve the equations

2. Solve the equation

3. (i) Show that log 4 3 + log 4 6 + log 4 12 + log 4 24 = 3 + 4 log 4 3

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