Phylum Platyhelminthes

Class Trematoda (Flukes)

Trematodes Trematodes

Characteristics All except blood flukes [Schistosomes]

1. Flat, leaf like Schistosomes:
2. Hermaphrodite 1. Elongated and cylindrical
3. Egg: operculated 2. Separate sexes
4. MOT: ingestion 3. Egg: Non-operculated
5. IS: metacercaria 4. MOT: skin penetration
6. IH: 2 IH 5. IS: Cercaria (fork-tailed)
Eggs: 6. IH: 1 IH (snail)
a. Mature when laid (embryonated): “SHOC”
-Schistosoma
-Heterophyes
-Opistorchis
-Clonorchis
b. Immature when laid (unembryonated): “PEFF”
-Paragonimus
-Echinostoma
-Fasciola
-Fasciolopsis
Attachment 2 suckers: oral and ventral (acetabulum)
rd
-Heterophyes: 3 suckers (3 : genital sucker [gonotyle])
Life cycle Egg > Larva (Miracidium>Sporocyst>Redia>Cercaria>Metacercaria) > Adult
st
1 IH Snail
nd
2 IH Fish, crab, plant/vegetation, snail
Fish Schistosoma
H. heterophyes
O. felineus
C. sinensis
Crab P. westermani
Plant/vegetation F. hepatica
F. gigantica
F. buski
Snail E. ilocanum
Habitat Liver:
-F. hepatica

-F. gigantica
-C. sinensis
-O. felineus
Small Intestines:
-F. buski
-E. ilocanum
-H. heterophyes
Lungs:
-P. westermani