Ben Matthew Co
BSCE-2A
21126020
Reading in Philippine History
Primary source and Secondary Source Comparison
Primary Source: Santiago Alvarez "Memoirs of
a General"
Author's Background Santiago Alvarez was born on July 25,1872 in
Imus, Cavite. He is known for being a
revolutionary general, similar to his father
Mariano Alvarez, as well as being a founder and
president of the Nacionalista Party. He was a
commander in the Battle of Dalhican and led his
troops to a decisive victory, which earned him
the title of Hero of the Battle of Dalhican, while
also calling him Kidlat ng Apoy for his bravery.
Date of publication The translated memoirs were first published in
1992.
Objectives of the author The objectives of the author were to provide
authenticity and truth to historical events
particularly those that occurred during the
revolution. To shed light to the successes and
failures, and to the acts of brutality, bravery, and
heroism during the revolution.
Mention of Dates March 25, 1897 - The two councils organized
the assembly at Tejeros
March 27, 1897- a meeting had taken place at
the Tanza parish house.
Secondary source: Theodoro Agoncillo
"Revolt of the Masses"
Teodoro Andal Agoncillo was born on
November 9, 1912 in Lemery,
Batangas. He is an essayist and a poet
but he is most known for being a
prominent Filipino Historian.
The revolt of the masses: the story of
Bonifacio and the Katipunan was first
published in 1956
The author is a nationalist historian,
where historical events are being told
from the perspective of the Filipinos.
The author also wanted to highlight the
heroic acts of Andres Bonifacio and
the events that sparked the Philippine
revolution.
January of 1897 – Series of rifle shots
heard during the town fiesta in San
Francisco de Malabon.
January 2, 1897 – Bonifacio wrote to
Mariano Alvarez
March 22, 1897 – Emilio Aguinaldo's
Birthday
Key personalities Andres Bonifacio Andres Bonifacio (TheSupremo)
Gregoria De Jesus Daniel Tirona
Emilio Aguinaldo Santiago V. Alvarez (Captain General
Raymundo Mata Apoy),
Jacinto Lumbreras Mariano Trias
Ramon Padilla Mariano Alvarez
Dr. Pio Valenzuela Severino de las Alas
Antonio Montenegro Antonio Montenegro
Trinidad Alonzo Mercado (Trining) Maj. Damaso Fojas
Josephine Bracken Emilio Aguinaldo
Ariston Villanueva
Daniel Tirona

Own Analysis The memoirs were more truthful and
of the Differences accurate since they were the author’s
between the Two personal knowledge and direct
Accounts experiences during those events. The
author did not highlight any person
but just focused on the details of the
actual historical events.
Despite the fact that the author did not
have any first-hand account of the
historical events, Theodoro Agoncillo
still conducted scholarly research on
what occurred during those events.
However, the book focuses more on
Andres Bonifacio and his heroic deeds,
which makes some of the other
characterizations oversimplified. The
book may also include the author's
interpretations of the primary sources and
of the actual event itself, which is why
the historical events in the book are being
told from the perspective of Theodoro
Agoncillo. Furthermore, the book also
combines literature and history, which
also makes it interesting as a narrative
story or as a piece of literature.

References:
Wiki Targeted (Entertainment). (n.d.). Military Wiki. Retrieved September 12, 2022, from
https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Santiago_Alvarez_(Filipino_General)
Comparative analysis - readings in Philippine history: Readings on tejeros convention (1897) the.
StuDocu. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2022, from
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-st-la-salle/readings-in-philippinehistory/
comparative-analysis/9454632

“Memoir of a General” by Santiago Alvarez in text - Memoir of a General by Santiago Alvarez 1 | S t.

(n.d.). StuDocu. Retrieved September 12, 2022, from
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/angeles-university-foundation/medical-laboratoryscience/memoir-
of-a-general-by-santiago-alvarez-in-text/22698162