CHAPTER 1:

FUNCTIONS AND THEIR GRAPHS

CONTENT STANDARD:

In this module, learners will be able to demonstrate understanding of key

concepts and importance of function in a given situation. Also, learners will be
able to understand how to solve problems involving rational, exponential and
logarithmic functions and will be able to apply logic to real- life situations.

LESSONS AND COVERAGE:

LEARNING
LESSONS COMPETENCIES
(Weeks 7 & 8) At the end of the lesson, learners will be
able to;
1 a. understand the concept of rational
Function;
FUNCTIONS AND b. evaluate the usage of Rational
THEIR GRAPHS functions;
c. solve problems regarding Rational
Function; and
d. apply their knowledge about Rational
RATIONAL Function through solving the given
questions.
QUADTRATIC
FUNCTION
a. learn the concept of rational
RATIONAL equation;
EXPRESSION b. appreciate the importance of rational
equations; and
Solving RATIONAL c. solve the problems regarding rational
equation
EQUATIONS

Solving RATIONAL a. solve problems about applications

EQUATIONS involving rational inequalities; and
b. show appreciation on the
applications of rational inequalities
in real- life situation.

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 45

Lesson 8 RATIONAL QUADRATIC FUNCTION

Another type of rational function.

If a quadratic (the highest degree of the term is 2) polynomial is used, we call it quadratic function.
If the function is quadratic, polynomial (s) both the numerator and the denominator, either in the
numerator or denominator must have an “x2” to satisfy the function f(x).
Here we consider x as the independent variable and the y as the dependent variable with the degree
of 2.

Examples:

Find the value of the given different rational function at x= 3.

a. f(x) = x2 – 3 b. f(x) = x2 – 7
4 2

f(3) = (3)2 – 3 f(3) = 32 - 7

4 2

f(3) = 9 – 3 f(3) = 9 – 7
4 2

f(3) = 6 = 3 f(3) = 2 = 1
4 2 2

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 46

 Let’s do this!! 😊

Direction: Find the values of the different quadratic functions at x = -4. USE THE
SPACE BELOW FOR YOUR SOLUTIONS.

1. f(x) = x2 – 3 2. f(x) = - x2+ 13

2x x+1

3. f(x) = 1 4. f(x) = - 7x2 – 2

3x – 1
2
13

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 47

 Lesson 9 RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS
It is defined as the quotient of two polynomials. In other word, there is a numerator and a
denominator to satisfy the said definition.
What is important to note on this is the fact that we will see to it that the denominator will not
become zero (as division by zero is not allowed in Mathematics).

Examples:
 Evaluate and simplify the rational expression given a= 2.
Solution:
a2 + 4a – 5 = 22 + 4(2) - 5
2a + 6 2(2) + 6

=4+8–5
4+6

= 12 – 5
10
=7
10

 Consider the Rational Expression 3x3 . Simplify.

x
Solution:
3x3 = 3.x.x.x = 3x2 (recall laws of exponent in division)
x x

 Simplify b2 + 2b
b2 - 4

Solution:

b2 + 2b = b(b +2) (since b is the common factor

b2 – 4 b2 – 4 in the numerator)

= _b(b +2)__ (since denominator can be

(b + 2)(b - 2) expressed as the sum and
Difference of squares
Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 48
 = b (Apply cancellation law)
b–2

Let’s do this!! 😊
Direction: Solve the following problems. SHOW YOUR SOLUTIONS. (use the SPACE below)

EVALUATE the following rational expressions given x = 2, y = -1.

1. x + 2y + 3x + y
4x y

2. x + 1 + 2y + 1 - 2x – y
5 6 3xy

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 49

SIMPLIFY the following rational expressions.

1. 14x2y2
21xy

2. 8 – 2a
a - a- 12
2

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 50

 Lesson
10 RATIONAL EQUATIONS

The steps to solve a rational equation are:

1. Find the common denominator.

2. Multiply everything by the common denominator.
3. Simplify.
4. Check the answer(s) to make sure there isn't an extraneous solution.
Example 1.

Example 2.

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 51

 Let’s do this!! 😊
Directions:

 Find the value of the unknown in each of the following equations.

 SHOW YOUR SOLUTIONS. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. 5x _ x = 2
6 12 4

2. x = 1 + x
9 3 12

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3. 2x _ x = 1
12 8 3

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 53

WEEKLY JOURNAL!
THIS IS STILL GRADED! PUT YOUR LEARNING FOR THIS MODULE. Use the
space below.

Module 2 – Week 7 & 8| GENERAL MATHEMATICS 54

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