Bolshevik‌‌Revolution‌ ‌

❖ Bolshevik‌‌Revolution‌ ‌
➢ The‌‌Bolshevik‌‌Revolution‌‌or‌‌The‌‌Russian‌‌Revolution‌‌is‌‌one‌‌of‌‌
the‌‌most‌‌explosive‌‌and‌‌important‌‌events‌‌of‌‌World‌‌History.‌‌It‌‌
started‌‌in‌‌1917.‌I‌t‌‌was‌‌led‌‌by‌‌Vladimir‌‌Lenin‌‌and‌‌the‌‌
communist‌‌party‌‌against‌‌Czar‌‌Nicholas‌‌the‌‌2nd.‌I‌t‌e ‌ nded‌‌
the‌‌rule‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Romanov‌‌dynasty‌‌and‌‌established‌‌the‌‌
communist‌‌regime‌‌in‌‌Russia.‌‌The‌‌Communist‌‌party‌‌was‌‌
called‌‌the‌‌"Bolshevik‌‌Party"‌‌in‌‌Russia,‌‌and‌‌that's‌‌why‌‌the‌‌
event‌‌Is‌‌known‌‌as‌‌the‌‌Bolshevik‌‌Revolution.‌ ‌
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❖ Background:-‌ ‌
➢ At‌‌the‌‌start‌‌of‌‌the‌‌1900s,‌ ‌ ‌
■ Russia‌‌was‌‌weaker‌‌and‌‌more‌‌underdeveloped‌‌than‌‌
other‌‌European‌‌countries.‌‌ ‌
■ It‌‌had‌‌a‌l‌imited‌‌amount‌‌of‌‌industry‌‌and‌‌was‌‌still‌‌an‌
agricultural‌‌country.‌‌ ‌
■ Peasants‌‌and‌‌workers‌‌were‌‌suppressed‌‌and‌‌treated‌‌
harshly‌‌by‌‌the‌‌Landowners.‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌‌economy‌‌was‌‌also‌‌very‌‌weak‌‌and‌‌inflation‌‌was‌‌a‌‌
big‌‌problem‌.‌‌ ‌
All‌‌of‌‌these‌‌problems‌‌combined‌‌with‌‌some‌‌military‌‌problems‌‌created‌‌
widespread‌‌discontent‌‌among‌‌the‌‌Russian‌‌people.‌‌ ‌
■ In‌‌1905,‌‌they‌‌staged‌‌a‌‌protest.‌‌The‌‌Czar's‌‌Army‌‌
opened‌‌fire‌‌on‌‌them‌‌and‌‌massacred‌‌them.‌‌This‌‌event‌‌
was‌‌known‌‌as‌" ‌ Bloody‌‌Sunday"‌.‌‌ ‌
It‌‌led‌‌to‌‌more‌‌discontent‌‌and‌‌People‌‌wanted‌‌the‌‌abolishment‌‌of‌‌the‌‌
Monarchy.‌ ‌ ‌
■ To‌‌please‌‌the‌‌people‌,‌‌The‌‌Czar‌‌gave‌‌permission‌‌to‌‌
establish‌‌The‌‌"Duma"‌‌or‌‌Parliament‌‌in‌‌Russia.‌ ‌
Unfortunately,‌‌The‌‌Duma‌‌was‌‌quite‌‌powerless‌‌against‌‌The‌‌Czar‌‌and‌‌The‌‌
Czar‌‌was‌‌still‌‌the‌‌ruler.‌‌He‌‌frequently‌‌dismissed‌‌the‌‌Duma‌‌and‌‌overruled‌‌its‌‌
decisions.‌‌In‌‌1914,‌ ‌Russia‌‌Joined‌‌the‌‌WW1.‌‌ ‌
 ■ During‌‌the‌‌war,‌‌Russia‌‌suffered‌‌huge‌‌losses‌‌and‌‌
Casualties.‌‌‌Russia's‌‌already‌‌weak‌‌economy‌‌couldn't‌‌
handle‌‌this‌‌much‌‌loss‌‌and‌‌it‌‌crashed.‌‌ ‌
The‌‌Czar‌‌didn't‌‌pull‌‌back‌‌from‌‌the‌‌war‌‌and‌‌was‌‌considered‌‌The‌‌main‌‌root‌‌
of‌‌the‌‌problem.‌‌ ‌
■ In‌‌March‌‌1917,‌‌A‌‌provisional‌‌Government‌‌took‌‌power‌‌and‌‌
overthrew‌‌the‌‌Czardom.‌‌They‌‌didn't‌‌pull‌‌out‌‌from‌‌the‌‌war.‌ ‌
During‌‌the‌‌next‌‌few‌‌months,‌‌Many‌‌factions‌‌appeared‌‌in‌‌Russian‌‌Politics.‌‌ ‌
■ Among‌‌them,‌‌the‌‌most‌‌powerful‌‌was‌‌The‌‌Bolsheviks‌.‌‌The‌‌
Bolsheviks‌‌were‌‌communists.‌‌They‌‌were‌‌led‌‌by‌‌
Vladimir‌‌Lenin‌‌and‌‌they‌‌wanted‌‌to‌‌create‌‌a‌‌state‌‌on‌‌
the‌‌basis‌‌of‌‌Karl‌‌Marx's‌‌view‌.‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌Bolsheviks‌‌won‌‌the‌‌soldiers‌‌and‌‌the‌‌peasants‌‌hearts‌‌
with‌‌their‌‌campaign‌‌and‌‌actions.‌‌‌Their‌‌slogan‌‌"Peace,‌‌
Land‌‌and‌‌Bread"‌‌won‌‌the‌‌people.‌‌ ‌
■ Being‌‌closer‌‌to‌‌the‌‌people‌‌and‌‌the‌‌working‌‌class,‌‌
Bolsheviks‌‌knew‌‌better‌‌than‌‌the‌‌Provincial‌‌Government.‌‌
In‌‌October‌‌1917,‌‌Lenin‌‌marched‌‌to‌‌the‌‌capital‌‌and‌‌
took‌‌power‌‌in‌‌a‌‌bloodless‌‌coup.‌T ‌ he‌‌Bolsheviks‌‌were‌‌
in‌‌power‌‌and‌‌they‌‌faced‌‌the‌‌Nationalists‌‌in‌‌a‌‌civil‌‌war‌‌that‌‌
lasted‌‌from‌‌1918-1921.‌‌In‌‌1921,‌‌They‌‌acquired‌‌full‌‌control‌‌
over‌‌Russia‌‌and‌‌Became‌‌Its‌‌sole‌‌ruler.‌‌Thus,The‌‌Soviet‌‌
Union‌‌was‌‌born.‌ ‌
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❖ Effects:-‌ ‌
➢ The‌‌Establishment‌‌of‌‌Communism:-‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌Bolsheviks‌‌were‌‌communist‌‌and‌‌they‌‌believed‌‌in‌‌
Marx's‌‌system‌‌of‌‌a‌‌classless‌‌society.‌‌After‌‌the‌‌revolution,‌‌
They‌‌established‌‌a‌‌classless‌‌society.‌‌They‌‌proclaimed‌‌all‌‌
property‌‌as‌‌national‌‌property‌‌and‌‌rejected‌‌the‌‌idea‌‌of‌‌
personal‌‌property.‌ ‌
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 ➢ Industrialization‌‌of‌‌Russian‌‌Economy:‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌Russian‌‌agricultural‌‌economy‌‌was‌‌weak‌‌compared‌‌to‌‌
other‌‌European‌‌industrial‌‌economies.‌‌The‌‌bolsheviks‌‌
established‌‌large‌‌industries‌‌in‌‌the‌‌hope‌‌to‌‌catch‌‌up‌‌to‌‌
other‌‌European‌‌nations.it‌‌led‌‌to‌‌huge‌‌economical‌‌
changes‌‌in‌‌Russia.‌ ‌
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➢ Land‌‌Reform:‌‌ ‌
■ Before‌‌the‌‌revolution,‌‌All‌‌land‌‌was‌‌considered‌‌personal‌‌
property.‌‌Bolsheviks‌‌took‌‌over‌‌and‌‌proclaimed‌‌all‌‌land‌‌as‌‌
a‌‌national‌‌property.‌‌They‌‌redistributed‌‌the‌‌lands‌‌among‌‌
the‌‌peasants‌‌and‌‌farmers.‌ ‌
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➢ ‌Withdrawal‌‌from‌‌World‌‌War‌‌1:‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌bolsheviks‌‌knew‌‌the‌‌war‌‌was‌‌draining‌‌Russia's‌‌
economy‌‌and‌‌was‌‌not‌‌necessarily‌‌in‌‌favor‌‌of‌‌Russia.‌‌
Russian‌‌People‌‌also‌‌wanted‌‌to‌‌get‌‌out‌‌of‌‌this‌‌war.‌‌So,‌‌
They‌‌pulled‌‌out‌‌Russia's‌‌forces‌‌from‌‌the‌‌war.‌ ‌
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➢ End‌‌Of‌‌Czardom:‌‌ ‌
■ The‌‌revolution‌‌marked‌‌the‌‌end‌‌of‌‌the‌‌czardom.‌‌It‌‌ended‌‌
the‌‌300-year‌‌rule‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Romanov‌‌dynasty.‌ ‌
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