SCIENTIA ANTHENAEUM: A Proposed RINCONADA Communal Library

located in Iriga City

A Thesis
Presented to
the Faculty of the College of Engineering
and Architecture Department
University of Northeastern Philippines
Iriga City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Architecture

By: ERICA ASHLEY S. ICBAN

Student

AR. VANESSA ELLA FAY BERMIDO, RMP

Instructor
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The library has always been described as the heart of the

university. It has been called the brain of the academic body.
The library, as the architectural medium between people and
information serves as the local gateway to knowledge, provides a
basic condition for a lifelong learning, independent decision
making and cultural development of the individual and local and
social groups. The public library already shows incredible
promise for establishing a thriving public realm, marrying the
access to information with the public space necessary for
democratic activity and community centric point. By expanding
cultural context for information, the public library can
contribute a community’s public realm. Alternately, purists may
claim that physical artifacts hold value over digital
counterparts. In reality, neither physical nor digital
information exist independent both influence shape of each other.
Augmented space combines digital and physical information to
provide a dense layer of cultural information reliant on both
forms of media.

The academic library is divided in three basic categories,

school library, college library, university library. The school,
college and university are the institutions which impart formal
education to the students: These academic institutions are
supposed to have rich libraries to feed the students, teachers
and research scholars in meeting their day-to-day needs related
to study and research and to supplement the classroom teaching.
The academic library is always linked with the objectives of room
lectures that are supposed to a glimpse of the knowledge. In this
case, the academic library must provide sufficient service to
fulfill the needs of the users and to utilize the collected
information more effectively. School Library: The library is a
part and parcel of a school set up. It exists to serve the
objectives of its parent organization. The aim of a good school
is to become a force for educational excellence. Education is a
life-long process. A student learns through formal education in
the classroom, but he can learn far more by using the library.
Once he can form the habit of using the library, there is a great
probability that he could continue the same throughout life. A
school library acts as initiator for library habits and reading
habits more than textbooks.

School Library: The library is a part and parcel of a school set

up. It exists to serve the objectives of its parent organization.
The aim of a good school is to become a force for educational
excellence. Education is a life-long process. A student learns
through formal education in the classroom, but he can learn far
more by using the library. Once he can form the habit of using
the library, there is a great probability that he could continue
the same throughout the life. A school library acts as initiator
for library habits and reading habits more than text books.

College Library: The higher education is depended upon the

libraries for successfully implementation of its academic
programs. The primary aim of the education is to impart
specialized and advanced knowledge to the students and enable
them to acquire competence and skill in various fields of human
activity. It helps them to develop their sound personality. A
college is regarded as an institution of higher learning after
school leading to bachelor’s degree. A college library is an
integral part of a college. It plays an important role in the
educational process. The college library is always linked with
the objectives of college. Thus, the basic function of a college
library is to assist its parent body to carry out its programmed.
A college library has been regarded as the heart of the
institution which circulates the lifeblood to the whole college
by dissemination of knowledge to the students, faculty members
and the administrative staff. The readers of a college library
are faculty members/teachers, students, and administrative staff.
The main objectives of the college library are to provide
information sources and services to the student faculty members
and the staff. To aid the teachers to be abreast of the latest
development in their area of specification. To develop the
reading habit among the students and sharpen their intellectual
curiosity.17 A country can only develop if the people are 17
Singh, Dr. Gurudev "Use of College Libraries by faculty members
of University of Delhi” in “Library Herald” vol. 40, no.4, 2002.
29 educated

University Library: University libraries are considered as a

power house of information and knowledge and acts as a
transformer and transmits this power to student scholars,
teachers, resources. A university library is a part of a
university set up. Therefore, it exists to serve the objectives
of its parent organization. According to Wilson.L.R and Tauber
M.F. the University function as the conservator of knowledge and
ideas, teaching, research, publication extension and services and
interpretation.19 The most distinctive difference between college
and university is found in the latter’s emphasis on research.
Through the methods of research work and the laboratories and
libraries became indispensable aids in an activity which is
directed at the expansion of man’s source of knowledge.

In the present circumstances, the way and the usage of

books now is being challenged with the inceptions of the internet
and digitalization literacy works. The developments of new
methods and type of media and as well the traditional role of a
public library is to question also makes the policy makers
librarians and public believe that the public library is losing
its relevance regarding on thoughts that the most caste are now
discarding the essence of books that had been researched and
verified. Students today are web savvy they normally prefer the
fastest way that would lead to satisfactory results when studying
like going for the electronic library resources if they have or
rather searching through the internet from the library or from
home wherever they have access from or also making use of the
other information centers that have access to electronic
information sources. It also provides an atmosphere that
encourages sharing of knowledge in the creative process. The
advancement in technology and tremendous growth in information
have made learning much easier and it totally depend upon the
individual how he/she makes use of it and implement in their
learning process. It is a student’s own perception that leads to
incapable performance. Students with a strong sense of competence
approach difficult tasks as challenges to be mastered rather than
as threats to be avoided. Their belief in their ability to
succeed in specific situations plays a major role in how they
approach goals, tasks and challenges. In today’s world where
technology has become an integral part of higher education it has
highly become influential in student’s attitudes towards
learning. Libraries and expectations from libraries have changed
a lot in recent years. Traditionally libraries have evaluated
themselves in terms of their size, for example number of volumes,
there inputs such as number of transactions and their outputs,
such as circulation. These measures are not necessarily measures
of quality of service. Recently an increasing demand for greater
accountability in higher education has created a demand for the
academic library to show objectively how well it is doing and the
extent to which students benefit from library services. The
upgrade of human tools for livings has costs enormously
influenced the way we consume information. Within a click with
the gadgets that everyone possessed students could garner
information they need steadfast. Hence, his has been beneficial
mostly as bringing news and data at ease and right through hands.
The Covid-19 virus was also a factor why people had to adjust
fully into modernization.

How did the pandemic affect the situations of public realms,

especially students to gain knowledge and information?

As the pandemic has evolved, education responses schools are

now partially or fully open in many jurisdictions and so to
libraries which are combination of a conventional library and a
new electronic network library, in which it redefined themselves
as hybrid libraries. Students have to adjust with the paradigm
to learn since it has drastically changed. It has disrupted
education in over 150 countries and affected 1.6 billion
students. In response, many countries implemented some form of
remote learning. Thus, education response during the early phase
of COVID-19 focused on implementing remote learning perceptions
as an emergency response that every student worldwide had to
grasp for a distance method of learning education. These were
intended to reach all students but were not always successful.

Despite the facts that students predominantly embark the

use of modern modalities of gaining data, there are still some
certain that prefers information that could get physically since
there are factors that considered as their reason why physical
literatures is better than handheld technological devices.
  Gadgets and modern tools can be associated with a variety of
health problems that could contribute to Computer Vision
Syndrome.
 There are students that could not adapt to modern way of
learnings. Buying gadgets are last to their list and mostly
being discarded due to being steep from the budget although
it is now pre-requisite.
 The unavailability of internet to every remote area.
 Poor literate to gadgets and technology.

According to the Pew study, based on a telephone survey of

1,520 adults in the country from March 7 to April 4, reports that
people are indeed using tablets and smartphones to read books.
Thirteen percent of adults in the United States said that they
used their cellphones for reading in the past year, up from 5
percent in 2011. Tablets are a similar story: 15 percent said
that they had used one for books this year, up from 4 percent in
2011. While 6 percent said they read books only in digital
format, 38 percent said they read books exclusively in print. But
28 percent are reading a combination of digital and printed
books, suggesting that voracious readers are happy to take their
text however they can get it. The explosion of information
through the internet creates its own problem, Books have been
proved more reliable but the internet is conventional. You
actually know that the source in books is legitimate than that on
the internet. The internet has so much information, anything can
be posted at any instances and you have no idea whether it is
honest, true, or false. Most texts and information came from
internet are lacking the editing and credibility inherent in most
physical media, generates false information or to be sited as
fake news, some data are in the need for context becomes
paramount for understanding. The significance of the physical
collection within a certain environment versus a quick internet
search at a giving point of time within any environment questions
the sustainability of a public library and the resources it
offers. Considering that libraries is losing a grip of relevance
in the society, there are major circumstances that could devise
such as.

 Cognitive poor literacy rates

 Limited availability of linguistically relevant
reading material.

The focus of a library is always to serve its patrons to give

them a center of resources that takes them to the level of
excellence. But does these students always view their library as
the only source for needed information where every facility
provided, or do they feel the need for their library to change
adapt more modern technologies so they could be more effective
and help them excel in their studies. The questions that arise
therefore are do the students make use of these opportunities if
their libraries are resourceful in every possible way? Does this
opportunity yield them any positive result? The present study
examines the impact of library resources as predictors of
academic performance.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The City of Iriga, invariably known as the “City of

Character” and the “City of Crystal-Clear Springs” which are
indicative of her distinct character and resources, is
geographically located in the central part of the Bicol Peninsula
which forms the Southeastern part of the island of Luzon. It is
also centrally located between the cities of Naga & Legaspi and
is located 14˚ 00’ and 13˚13’ north latitude and 125˚30’ and
123˚00’ east longitude. It is bounded on the North by the
municipalities of Ocampo and Sangay, on the East by the
municipality of Buhi, on the West by the municipalities of Bato,
Nabua and Baao, Camarines Sur, and on the South, by the
municipality of Polangui, Albay. The Municipality of Iriga
continued to prosper through the years. It is also about 491 kms.
South of the City of Manila, 35 kms. South of Naga City and 65
kms. north of Legaspi City. This 425 years old settlement
established by the Spanish Conquistadores in the province of
Camarines Sur, is among the few fast growing urban centers in the
Bicol Region. Comprising of 36 barangays, it has a total land
area of 17, 400 hectares or 174 sq. kilometers classified into
the following land uses: 78.31% agricultural, 14.96% residential,
.065% commercial, .05% industrial, .27% institutional, and .033%
parks and open spaces and 6.32% timber/forest land.

Iriga City has developed tremendously making it not only

as a center of trade and commerce in RINCONADA area but the whole
Bicol Region. Iriga is the educational mecca in this area due to
the presence of varied educational institutions in the city.
There are two (2) universities, two (2) colleges and one (1)
technological college, three (3) Computer Science schools, four
(4) privately owned secondary and elementary schools, four (4)
Vocational Special/tutorial schools plus the 39 Public Elementary
and eight (8) secondary schools. Iriga City has also produced
professionals and well-known people not just national but
internationals since it is a home to two prestigious
universities, the University of Saint Anthony and University of
Northeastern Philippines, and several colleges and trade schools
like La Consolacion College, STI College, AMA Computer Learning
Center and many others are located right within the city proper.
These schools have students from the city and nearby towns. Iriga
City has a public library that is already existed serves as go-to
spot, but these could only accommodate few numbers of students
from the universities of the town and neighboring schools, since
the facility’s space was limited, it is a dilemma to share and
keep the library equipped and the city is host to a big number of
student migrants from the region.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Libraries are nest, which thatch scholarship, but

libraries are not themselves automatically value to users. Iriga
City public library needs to maximize its vicinity to provide
more books for students and to habituate more. In this case,
users would be motivated to see the real worth of a library.
There are various resources available both in print and
electronically, the main purpose of these resources will be
fulfilled only if the users are able to locate these information
sources effectively. Hence, the true worth of the library will be
made.

Coming to this era of technology, development conquers

every form of resources and has been distinctively transformed
from printed books and journals to various electronic forms.
Nowadays, the library has a challenge to broaden its resources
and develop its collection of print resources as well as
electronic format. Students of this generation are more inclined
to digital forms of information they like to get information in
the fastest way.

The basic functions of an academic library are teaching

and research. Accurate and fulfilling of these functions need
accurate, reliable nascent information, worldwide, comprehensive
and up-to-date. This information is made available through the
library attached to the academic institution. Therefore,
libraries play a pivotal role in the universities, college and
other academic research institution. The growth of information is
multidimensional, continuous and exponential. The proliferation
of
information is increasing tremendously on one side and on the
other hand, the demand for the utilization of information is also
increasing. The main purpose of academic library is to provide
information to the academic and research community pin pointedly,
exhaustively and expeditiously. Thus, academic libraries are in a
crisis of information processing. With the use of computers in
libraries is becoming a significant factor in the evolution
library vitalization programmed. Computers in libraries not only
could save a great amount time of academic and research community
but also, they search the information may be more accessible than
the
records manually accessed.
There is currently a city public library in Iriga City
located in front of the Police Station. This library already
serves as a students’ go-to spot whenever they are making
assignments, school works, reports and searching information
about the City’s cultural assets.

This study aims to develop the plan and designs of the

structure which will focus on sustainability and being
structurally stable. The communal library must be enough for the
students and community patrons which the amenities should be
broader and wider which could occupy enough so that the users can
study, learn, and read comfortably. Specifically, this study aims
to seek answers to the problem listed below:

1. What are the benefits of establishing the new Iriga City

Communal library to the students?
 2. What are the facilities and space requirements to
accommodate students and common users of RINCONADA?

3. Would the design solutions will be enough to accommodate

students and the common users of the library?

4. Would the site locations consider the accessibility and

transportation factors of the communal library?

5. Would this development help to increase the number of the

students to re-patronize the traditional works and written
literacies that are provided by the communal library?

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study will redound to the benefit of

the imposing a Communal Library to the students of RINCONADA.

1. To provide organized and broad amenities for the

students.
2. To find out the student’s using habit of the library
resources.
3. To find out the effectiveness of the library resources
in their education.
4. To seek to understand the impact of studying and working
in fresh space.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to design and have an insight

about the role of a comfortable library to the student’s aspects
of studying. The new designed library is based on a vernacular
Filipino concept with fresh accents of plants greeneries which
aims to have a pleasing appearance to feel relax and cozy while
studying. The structure also aims to have a substantial space for
students not just from Iriga but with the neighboring town could
adequately accommodated. This study will help to get answer for
the facilities provided that the students prefer and feel
comfortable using. And try to find out the various aspects of
users the things that motivates them or discourages them in
coming to the library. It will also be a helpful indication on
how important proper education about library is as it teaches
information skill to the students for effective retrieval. It is
also hoped that the study will be a guideline for the librarians,
faculty and the authority to know about the user’s information
requirement and give them concrete directions for future
collection development.
The study assessed the potential beneficiaries and will valuable
to the following:

The Student may use this study to give them greater knowledge and
deeper understanding about the importance of a learning space.
Architects. This study serves as a primary step that provide and
impart contributions to new leading-edge and schemes for
recasting, planning and delineating recommendations for
development of a learning resource that can help the municipality
or the country.
The Future Researchers may use the results and findings of the
study who would like to pursue topics that are closely needed to
our study.

The significance of the study varies from different

related aspects. These includes impacts from both locals and
foreign nationals as part of cultures, tourism, economic level
and principally, its contribution to the architectural
development of public libraries configuration not only in the
Philippines but also globally. This study will further burgeon
what public place is all about, which greatly excel the goals for
the development of the community. It includes the imminent
facilities and services it could offer to the community.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study contains architectural design, solutions, site
location whether it is convenient to the users from inside and
outside the municipality. The conceptualization of the design and
its sustainable features and innovation. And above all it focuses
on the space requirements to provide sizeable study space for the
students.
This research is limited to the study of the library
structure. The effect of the public library to the community and
society of Iriga City and the importance of public library to the
public. The proposed project will be the development of learning
resource center that will serve as a principal source of wide
range information and knowledge. To develop and achieve this
proposed project, it would include related facilities, amenities,
and activities that could complement the main purpose of the
building itself and at the same time take profit also.
 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter offers some insightful information about the

study's advantages and disadvantages. This chapter ensures that
the subject is familiar, understandable, and from various angles.
Using various research and material supplied by the writers and
subject-matter specialists, this chapter will also present an
overview of the key ideas and conclusions. The researcher's
material, which was acquired from the students and this
literature, provides a wealth of suggestions and viewpoints for
running the proposed RINCONADA Community Library in Iriga City.
 RELATED LITERATURE

Iriga, officially the City of Iriga (Rinconada

Bikol: Syudad ka Iriga; Central Bikol: Siyudad nin
Iriga; Filipino: Lungsod ng Iriga), is component city in
the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020
census, it has a population of 114,457 people. It is located
about 400 kilometers (250 mi) south-east of Manila, and about 33
kilometer (21 mi) south of Naga, Camarines Sur.

HISTORY OF IRIGA CITY

Iriga, currently a city, was simply a visita of Nabua,

Provincia de Ambos Camarines, on March 16, 1521, less than fifty
years after Ferdinand Magellan first set foot on Philippine soil.
Father Felix de Huertas, the then parish priest, urged the
farmers to relocate to I-raga (donde hay tierra or where there is
land) where they can grow their crops without fear of being
flooded because of the catastrophic flood hat occur during rainy
seasons in suburban Poblacion of Nabua. The flood victims of
Nabua who moved earlier and followed the suggestions of their
parish priest were the fortunate beneficiaries of the harvest of
their agricultural plantation coming from the rich and fertile
soils of I-raga, more so, those who planted at the foot of
Sumagang Mountain (Mountain of the Rising Sun, now Mt. Iriga)
said to be nature's given symbol of the Irigueños lofty ideals
and noble visions. The hamlet at the base of Sumagang Mountain
grew in size and riches as the population expanded and
evangelization advanced, gradually forcing the natives (Agta) up
to the depths of the forest. And under the direction of two
Franciscan brothers, Frays Pablo de Jesus and Bartolome Ruiz, the
I-raga village was founded in 1578 as a "visita" of Nabua. Mount
Asog or Mt. Iriga, named after a negrito chieftain who ruled the
aborigines, erupted three decades later or on January 4, 1641.
The eruption terrified the settlers, but due to their unwavering
faith and belief, a miracle occurred. As reported by the locals,
the Blessed Virgin Mary and her son Lord Jesus, also known as
"Nuestra Seora de Angustia," appeared at Sitio Inorogan and
protected the locals from a terrible earthquake and flood. The
crater of the "volcano" and the cavernous gully on the Buhi side
of the mountain were created by the eruption.

According to Fray Felix Huertas, Iriga is located in the

province of Santa Apostolica, according to his lengthy work
Estado Geografico, Topografico, Estadistico, Historico-Reliogoso
de la Santa Apostolica Provincia de S. From a single "doctrina,"
a religious administrative term that basically means a "mission
station" in 1583, Gregorio Magno, which was first published in
1865, derived from the native word iraga, which means "poseedores
de mucho terreno," or "posessors of much land." With a population
of 8,908 in 1683, the progressive visita of I-raga was
transformed into Pueblo de la Provincia de Ambos Camarines.
Several decades later, the Spanish authorities changed the name
of I-raga to Iriga and promoted St. Anthony of Padua as the
patron saint and June 13 as the annual fiesta. Iriga was a
significant abaca-producing town in the Bicol region from the
middle of the 19th century until the first two decades of the
20th century, in large part due to the rich volcanic soil
surrounding Mt. Iriga, which it spewed in its last eruption about
six hundred years before the arrival of the Spaniards in Bikol.
"The flanks of the mountain sustain lush abaca plantations owned
by numerous Spaniards and shelter several hundreds of the
Philippine natives, the Negritos, who are now employed on the
plantations," said William Freer, the American superintendent of
schools in Camarines Sur. Iriga is the third most significant
town in Camarines based on abaca production, behind only Daet and
Nueva Caceres.

When Don Martin Mendoza served as Capitan Municipal, the

Memoirs of the Province of Both Camarines revealed that the
"Pueblo de Iriga" was made up of "barrios and visitas
distinguished the population center of the casco in 5 barrios que
son San Roque, San Francisco de Asis, San Juan Bautista, Santo
Domingo de Guzman y San Miguel Arcangel con 6 visitas fuera del
casco denominados San Nicolas de Tolentino, San Agustin, San
Antonio Abad, Santo Niño, Santiago de Galicia y la visita de los
monteses” with a population of 13,813. There were only four roads
mentioned: from Nabua, to Baao, to Buhi, and to Polangui, Albay;
from Salvacion, Masoli, and Bato; and from the south road leading
to Polangui, Albay. There was only one method to reach Nueva
Caceres (Naga) via boat along the Bicol River. In 1913, the
Manila Railroad (MRR) Company Station and the public market were
established in their respective present site which readily
contributed to the rapid growth of Iriga making it the center of
trade and commerce in Rinconada area. It was also at this time
that Mondays and Thursdays were declared as market days in Iriga.
The Municipality of Iriga continued to prosper through the years.
The original “barrios y visitas” have developed sitios which
later on, these sitios have metamorphosed into distinct and
separate barrios. After the Second World War, San Ramon, San
Rafael, Cristo Rey, Santa Isabel, San Vicente Norte, San Andres,
Santa Teresita, Perpetual Help, Sagrada, Niño Jesus, San Pedro
and Antipolo, former sitios of barrio San Agustin, San Isidro and
San Nicolas were created as barrios. And, the barrios of La
Anunciacion and Santa Elena were sitios of Santo Domingo and
Santiago, Del Rosario (Banao) of Santiago and Santo Niño and La
Purisima of San Francisco & part of Santo Domingo, Santa Cruz Sur
of San Francisco. Francia and San Jose from San Miguel and San
Vicente Sur, Salvacion, La Trinidad and La Medalla from the large
barrio of San Antonio. Some of these barrios were already created
during the incumbency of Mayor Jose C. Villanueva in 1960. And
the latest and the 36th barrio ever created was Santa Maria which
comprises the sitios of Tubigan, Katungdulan, Bagacay, Sampaga,
Rao and Cawayan of barrio Santa Teresita by virtue of Republic
Act 6228.

Found at the downtown Iriga is the City Park which is

located near the cathedral and across the old City Hall. It is a
well landscaped, Japanese-themed park with a huge spurting
fountain at the center but was later replaced with a skating
rink. Acacia trees are lit with colored lights during Christmas
season. Surrounding the park are business establishments and
landmarks such as the Lourdes Grotto which offers a great view of
the downtown. There is a number of waterfalls and springs found
in the city. Several resorts and hotels were built to accommodate
growing tourist arrivals. The old Ibalon Hotel was renovated and
renamed as Iriga City Plaza Hotel. Local cuisine offering meat
and vegetarian dishes with coconut milk and red chili peppers.

Tinagba Festival is an annual event. It is held in

February, in Iriga City of Camarines Sur province. The main point
of this festival is for locals to offer their first harvest of
the year, as a celebration. This tradition has existed for many
years – it is because of this pagan ritual that this amazing
event still exists today. Tinagba Festival also coincides with
Our Lady of Lourdes feast, so there is still some religious
significance to it. But the fact that this festival was a pagan
ritual makes it clearly distinct from the array of religious
festivals that the Philippines is best known for. The interesting
thing is that. as much as the ritual is pagan in origin, it is
celebrated by locals across the religious divide. The roots of
the festival actually come from the earliest Bicolans, who would
offer their harvest to the gods, as a way of thanking them and
asking for the next harvest to be even more abundant.

But nowadays, that has drastically changed to include the

activities we’re used to seeing in other Filipino festivals, like
street dancing. beauty contests, parades, and sports
competitions. It is actually impossible to talk about the Tinagba
Festival without making mention of the elaborate parades that are
characteristic of this festival. The locals bring out their best
bull carts and motorized floats which are managed by men and
women in traditional regalia that is just as colorful.

HISTORY OF LIBRARY
Libraries have existed for practically as long as records
have been kept since there was never a distinction made between a
record room (or archive) and a library in the past. A temple from
the first part of the third millennium BC was discovered in the
Babylonian town of Nippur to have several rooms filled with clay
tablets, indicating a well-stocked archive or library. At Tell
el-Amarna in Egypt, comparable groups of Assyrian clay tablets
from the second millennium BC were discovered. The last of the
great Assyrian rulers, Ashurbanipal (reigned 668–627 BC), had an
archive of some 25,000 tablets that contained transcripts and
texts that were meticulously gathered from temples all over his
realm.

Many archives were destroyed during wartime or

purposefully cleaned out when rulers were ousted or when
governments collapsed. For instance, in ancient China, the Ch'in
dynasty member and ruler of the first united Chinese empire, Shih
huang-ti, commanded the destruction of all historical documents
that were not Ch'in in order to make his dynasty appear to be the
beginning of history. However, under the Han dynasty, which
succeeded the Ch'in in 206 BC, history was no longer suppressed;
artifacts from antiquity were found, record keeping and writing
were encouraged, and categorization systems were created. Some
favoured a seven-part classification, which included the
Confucian classics, philosophy, rhymed work (both prose and
poetry), military prose, scientific and occult writings,
summaries, and medicine. A later system categorized writings into
four types: the classics, history, philosophy, and miscellaneous
works. The steady growth of libraries was facilitated by the
entrenchment of the civil service system, founded in the 2nd
century during the Han dynasty and lasting into the 20th century;
this required applicants to memorize classics and to pass
difficult examinations.
The purpose of libraries was to gather knowledge, learn
from it, and apply it to improve life. These large collections
were used to communicate important innovations in agriculture,
architecture, medicine, art, manufacturing war, and more.
Libraries became prevalent in cities and towns all over the world
as people began to appreciate the advantages of having open
access to centers of knowledge. Of course, over time everything
evolves, including how libraries function. Before the Internet,
there were gathering places where anybody was welcome to take a
sip from the cup of wisdom. But as the internet's influence
increased in the 1990s and 2000s, many people hypothesized that
libraries would become obsolete because everything was just a
click away.
But history has shown that this is not factual. The
demand of public libraries is greater than it's ever been. One
factor is that not all things are accessible online. There are
still a startling number of ephemera and information sources that
can only be found in print or on other media that require written
literacy. And even with the development of high-tech materials
and the accessibility of the internet, people still value
visiting libraries. They take solace in the labyrinth of book-
filled shelves and value the helpful librarians' friendly faces.
As a young person's rite of passage, parents take their kids to
the library, while elderly people unwind with a free literary
meal in air-conditioned ease place.
As the needs of the public changed, libraries changed as
well. You could even be surprised by what your local public
library has to offer if you haven't been there in a while. Many
libraries also lend CDs and DVDs in addition to books, and some
now provide digital versions of books, audiobooks, movies, and
other media through online platforms. Libraries have space set
aside for educational sessions that cover a variety of topics,
including parenting, personal finance, and English as a second
language. Libraries occasionally serve as a safe haven for those
without access to housing, where they can unwind, use the
computers, or read.

LOCAL LITERATURE

HOW COMMUNITY LIBRARY CHANGE LIVES

MANILA, Philippines – Many of the kids in Tondo are said
to be scavengers, but if people can change the destinies of
others, a non-government organization believes it starts with
donating books.
Volunteers of Library Renewal Partnership went back to
Childream Daycare Center in Barangay 105, Tondo on Saturday, July
16, two years after their first visit, to refill the library in
their community with books and other educational equipment.
Established in 2010, the organization aims to build at least 200
community libraries by 2020 and “empower Filipinos to make our
nation great again”.
According to Quintin Jose Pastrana, founder and managing
director of the Library Renewal Partnership, they have either
built or donated to 155 community libraries as of 2016, and the
daycare center in Tondo was their 75th library, marking the
“halfway point” to their record.
The place has become more beautiful; the place has
expanded and it’s the community that owns the place and takes
care of the place. So in a sense, it’s the locality that manages
the library with their resources, sometimes with help from
others. And it’s nice that the kids are the ones who benefit from
this,” says Pastrana.
When asked on why he chose this advocacy, he said that among many
other things, investing is education is his greatest reward.
“Even if kids don’t go to school, they can still be productive
citizens of the society. Otherwise, they will not be able to be
successful in life. So this is why we think public libraries for
out of school youth is very important,” Pastrana said in a mix of
English and Filipino.
The children of Tondo joined a storytelling session
conducted by volunteers of the Library Renewal Partnership.
Volunteers were friends and relatives of Pastrana, some
foreigners, and representatives from the National Book
Development Board, an extension of the Department of Education.
Children were read storytelling books complete with visuals,
their favorite, according to their teacher Remy Cabello, a social
worker who manages the daycare center.

HOW PHILIPPINE LIBRARIES MARCH INTO THE 21ST CENTURY

Since the advent of the internet, libraries have
undergone changes. What is the modern library, exactly? The
libraries of the 21st century (provide) a welcoming common space
that encourages exploration, creation, and collaboration between
students, teachers, and a larger community. They bring together
the best of the physical and digital to create learning hubs,
according to a definition that repeatedly appeared from various
sources.
Beyond Access started collaborating with the Philippine
public library system four years ago. Like in many other nations,
policymakers had largely ignored libraries, and in certain
localities, these institutions were already on the verge of
collapsing due to a lack of patronage. Libraries were not present
at all when the Philippine Digital Strategy was established in
2011. More than 430 librarians were trained as part of the Beyond
Access program by IREX and its Philippine partner, the Molave
Development Foundation Inc. (MDFI), who also assisted the
National Library of the Philippines in creating a new strategic
plan and worked to establish collaborations between the library
system and development-focused organizations to better meet
emerging community needs. In year 2017, it shows an entirely
different picture. A group of libraries from all corners of the
country has proven that public libraries are not only still
relevant in the 21st century Philippines, but a vital part of
rapidly digitizing communities.

Butuan

The public library in Butuan was in peril of closing down

in 2015. The mayor was prepared to close the library because
occupancy had plummeted to only a few people each day. But after
joining Beyond Access, the city librarian began searching for
novel approaches to get the community involved with the library.
For those looking to work abroad, the library immediately made
online government registration available. Many people find it
challenging to navigate the myriad forms required to obtain
permission for jobs abroad. However, in Butuan, librarians now
assist those who are unfamiliar with online services, and the
public, free computers in the library provide a convenient access
point. Since 2015, the Butuan Public Library has helped more than
8,000 people apply for and receive their Overseas Employment
Certificate.

This surge in library visitation spurred additional attention

from the city and new ideas for services. City departments
started sending employees to take training on digital literacy.
In 2016, the library provided nutrition training to 95 students
from different barangays in the city. At the library, a new Rural
Impact Sourcing initiative was introduced with the goal of
connecting rural residents with opportunities for digital
freelancing. The library is currently asking for permission to
alter its operating hours so that it can function as a more
practical co-working place. Between 2014 and 2016, the library
saw an overall increase in visitors of more than 70%, with over
23,000 visits in 2016.Armed with this evidence of its new value
to the city and its development efforts, the library’s budget was
increased by more than 700% over the last two years, now reaching
5M pesos.

Librarians help visitors to the new Quezon City Public library

navigate online government services.

Quezon City

The library in Quezon City, the region of Manila with the

greatest inhabitants (with 3 million), has responded to the
crisis. One of the top libraries in the nation by 2014, QCPL was
renowned for its troupe of puppeteers who performed tales at
neighborhood festivals and schools. The librarians became aware
of chances to address community needs in novel ways after joining
Beyond Access. A daily line of hundreds of individuals waiting
for police clearance certificates, a document required for many
employment in the Philippines, could be seen by librarians right
outside their front door. One public computer was provided at the
National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) office nearby, which was
understaffed and frequently out of commission due to heavy use.
In order to fill out the online form, "fixers" extracted unlawful
fees from people waiting in line. In this instance, the library
sought out a collaboration with the NBI, which now directs
consumers to the library to utilize their free computers and
receive librarian assistance in accurately filling out the forms.
Nowadays, many tourists come to sign up for the national health
system or to obtain passports. Every day, the library serves up
to 1,000 patrons, half of whom are looking for assistance with
government services.

The library has moved into a brand-new, excellent structure

that is better equipped to meet its increasing demand. The 20
branch libraries in Quezon City will also be renovated, bringing
them up to the same level of comfort and service as the main
library, according to the mayor's office.

Villasis

While libraries might be known for books, Philippine

libraries have often lacked the kinds of books that would make
them most relevant in their communities. In 2013, The Philippines
Department of Education introduced mother-tongue based education
for grade 1-3. But in most of the 19 languages used for
instruction, there are few materials beyond classroom textbooks
and workbooks for children to practice reading at home and with
their families. Public libraries are an obvious choice for
hosting local language children’s book for sharing, yet most in
the Philippines have no such books in their collections. Last
year, IREX and Molave began conducting training in an easy-to-use
software for self-publishing attractive children’s books in
underserved languages. Since June 2016, libraries and their
partners in school, day care center, local Department of
Education offices have created over 1,200 books. One library, in
Villasis, started a ‘Reading Challenge’ to complement the local
schools’ literacy program. Nearly 300 children now visit the
library a month to read Ilocano language books unavailable
anywhere else in their community. Children were followed by their
parents , and the library has now installed computers as part of
the Department of ICT’S Tech4Ed program. Visitation of the
Villasis library 2016 jumped more than five times the 2015 rate.

A National Transformation

Evidence from this library and numerous others throughout

the country has driven interests and engagement at the national
level. Whereas librarie had been excluded from information
society programs until 2014, now they are an integral part. The
department of ICT’s Tech4Ed program has opened 1100 centers meant
to provide access to government services and training over the
past two years, and more done 100 are in public libraries. A new
DICT thin client programs is putting computers in 80 more
libraries around the country in this year. And the Senate guest
passed an expansion of the free public Wi-Fi program that
allocates funding for free Wi-Fi in all the countries libraries.
the National Library of the Philippines’ new strategic plan puts
digital services at the center of library activities for the
first time, and its TeknoAklatan program is starting to equip
more libraries with computers around the country.

The transformation of the Philippines public libraries did

not happen overnight - it was the result of a group of
librarians’ hard work and their willingness to push outside the
traditional limits within which libraries worked. There was no
single donation or investment that all benefited from- each had
to pursue funding, new equipment, and policies with your own
municipality. With the leadership of the National Library, now
this model of the Public Library-one that provides modern,
information services to the public rather than only books is
guiding the development of the Philippines library system in the
21st century.

Foreign Literature

Reasons why libraries are still relevant and essential.

We rely heavily on the web for information in our daily

lives nowadays. But does that information always provide us with
the appropriate solutions? As you may be aware, search engines
like Google frequently give us information based on the questions
or phrases we formulate, so the information we receive is not
necessarily pertinent. We should rely on libraries instead.
Libraries play a crucial role in education because they provide
people with the resources and services, they need to access the
knowledge they need. As Eli B. Martin puts it, "There's a strong
case that a library's fundamental services are really becoming
much more vital since the internet is tougher to go through than
a catalog."

1. Libraries Defend the Truth and Preserve History for Young

People.

Local history has traditionally been preserved in part by

libraries. In numerous Local history collections are revered
in libraries, and for good reason. These collections hold
invaluable and irreplaceable knowledge. In today's world of
quickly vanishing or changing knowledge, it is more important
than ever

It is more crucial than ever for libraries to preserve the

history of their local area, not just the conventional "old"
history but also today's history—what is going on right
now.There's a lot to learned from the library for both
ourselves and our youngsters as long as we value diversity
and truth. The fact that libraries actually exist to benefit
their communities is one of the characteristics of libraries
that people adore the most. A library serves as a hub for
accurate information sharing, whether it be for a school,
university, small town, or larger city. This occasionally
requires libraries to offer information and materials that
are not always politically right; librarians must be
concerned with giving the truth rather than promoting their
own personal ideologies. However, librarians fill an
important role in serving communities because they are
willing to take the lead and promote access to resources
regardless of whether or not materials will be appreciated by
everyone. Sometimes, the fact-sharing, unbiased neutrality
that we aim for can be a little challenging because achieving
it requires us to "step outside of ourselves." We must
support librarians and libraries as guardians of truth
because they enable the existence of that very truth. After
all, not everyone shares the same personal viewpoints as

other people. The obligation to defend the truth and preserve

history, in the opinion of commoners and library visitors, is
arguably most apparent when viewed through the prism of our
 responsibility to children. We recognize that there are times
when young readers and researchers need to understand sex
from a biological perspective or should learn to take into
account sexuality or gender norms within the historical or
social context, for example, because although librarians are
certainly not in the business of promoting pornography.

2. Libraries provide Cost-free Instructional and Educational

materials.

In the United States, public libraries are crucial for

giving everyone in communities around the nation with a
secure, easily accessible, and totally free educational
resource center. No matter how much money you earn, you can
utilize the library's free resources, including its books,
internet access, and training courses for both education and
employment, regardless of your financial situation. No
matter their socioeconomic situation, people and families
can depend on their local libraries to give them the tools
they need to succeed and the solutions to pressing problems
they otherwise wouldn't be able to find. For a certain
location to fulfill this function, several requirements must
be met. Naturally, location and accessibility are crucial.
But they are also essential, whether it be a place of
worship, a family-run café, or a barbershop; trust and a
feeling of objectivity are frequently the secrets to
success. Buildings and public areas have the potential to
develop into significant third places. Public libraries are
another noteworthy, developing, and significant example.

Public libraries can be found in urban, suburban, and rural

communities, and they often have a lengthy history in those
areas. A 2015 Pew survey found that nearly two-thirds of
 adult Americans believe that eliminating their neighborhood
library would have a significant negative impact on their
neighborhood. We've talked about the value of "third
places," or locations that are neither a person's home
(first place) nor their place of employment, in building
strong communities (second place). A variety of these third
spaces, from churches to beauty parlors, are crucial for
fostering a sense of community. They are the common,
unofficial gathering places in a community where people meet
up on the spur of the moment or with purpose.

The ALA estimates that almost 6.6 million questions are

answered each week by public and academic libraries across
the nation. These inquiries aren't just about card catalogs
and book recommendations, either; if every question eho
asked formed a line, it would reach from Miami, FL, to
Junot, AK. Along with assisting readers in selecting their
next book, librarians also offer free assistance with
government form completion, including tax and health
insurance paperwork, computer and internet instruction, job
applications, resume writing, and resume editing.

3. A library helps the economy grow.

Few people think about the impact libraries have on the

economy because they are free for users to access.
Entrepreneurs seeking somewhere to network, conduct
research, use technology, and schedule meetings can get
information about business planning, market research, and
funding prospects at public libraries. The workforce can be
upskilled without breaking the bank, despite the fact that
job needs are changing quickly. Innovative library
technology may give patrons access to costly fees, training,
 and skills that would not otherwise be available to them.
All things considered, libraries are crucially significant
to a civilization. Anyone who needs or wants access can use
public libraries to get materials and services for literacy
and education.

They aid people in developing their networks and

assimilating into communities. Therefore, it is doubtful
that people's demand for libraries, which act as communal,
community-centered locations where they can obtain knowledge
and connect with others, will go within the next few years.

4. Homeless people and marginalized communities can find safety

in libraries.

In the United States, libraries offer an essential service

to the nation's destitute and homeless. They provide
assistance to individuals in need in addition to providing a
secure and free haven for those who require shelter. Every
morning when public libraries open their doors, they
transform into places where the most underprivileged people
can find shelter, education, and work. Homeless shelters and
libraries frequently work together to provide daily
transportation between the two establishments.

Whereas in places like the Martin Luther King Jr. Hundreds

of homeless men, women, and children visit Memorial Library
every day, often all day, to seek refuge and use the
resources it has to offer. To the dismay of its clients, the
library will be closed for renovations for three years. For
those who are homeless or extremely poor, libraries give
them access to the internet for job searches, books for
 education and job training, and vital services aimed at
lifting them out of poverty.

5. Libraries are fundamental to learning the English language.

One of the things that makes America such a great country is

its growing diversity more and more every year, and
libraries are important to this growth. People from all over
the world go to the United States in search of better
prospects for themselves and their families, and many of
them do not speak English as their native tongue. They must
locate a language-learning facility before they can succeed.
Whether it be through periodicals, books, CDs, or online
resources, libraries offer English language learners the
chance to fully immerse themselves in their second language.
In addition, many libraries have bilingual books for adults
and kids that can be used to learn English in a pleasant and
interesting way. Libraries are being used for. To foster a
more welcoming environment for all types of readers,
regardless of where they come from, the library is extending
its selection of non-English books. In addition to providing
physical resources, libraries also offer educational ones to
ESL students, such as free language lessons, assistance
finding housing and work in both languages, and contact
details for outside the library adult education programs.

6. Library help communities connected

Libraries connect people to one another in ways that a

community center, town hall, or public park never could
communities in a way that is advantageous to all. They
combine local services, such as educational opportunities,
employment opportunities, homeless outreach programs, and
 ESL instruction, and house them all under one warm roof for
everyone to use.

You may all go to the library, whether you're a family

seeking for a pleasant story time, an immigrant in need of
language resources, an unemployed person looking for
employment assistance, or a member of the community needing
assistance with their taxes. Communities congregate there to
discover, communicate, and celebrate who they are, where
they live, and what they hope to become. We need libraries
more than ever in the modern world because they are truly
extraordinary places.

Find out how you can help your neighborhood library and
start working to defend one of the most significant public
institutions in America. The ensure it.

7. Library helps communities healthier.

The truth is that a library is frequently a hub for health

and wellbeing even though you probably don't think of it
that way. Libraries offer crucial equal access options to
anyone looking for health information and services through
their community activities, personal librarian help,
exercise courses, and basic internet access. A study by the
Institute of Museum and Library Services found that 23% of
libraries offer free fitness courses, 18% invite healthcare
providers to offer limited screening services, and 59% of
libraries assist users in finding options for health
insurance. Libraries maintain healthy communities along with
local governments, healthcare providers, and medical experts
boost in their vigor that has a significant impact.
DIFFERENT KIND OF LIBRARY

Academic Library. Academic libraries are an essential

element of institutions of higher learning and typically provide
two complimentary functions: they support teaching and faculty
and student research. Although the duties of academic librarians
vary according to the institution they work for and their
mission, some of their duties are similar across all academic
libraries. These include managing projects, departments, and
community relations, providing support for curriculum,
instruction, and research as well as keeping up with trends and
technological developments in the field of library and
information science.

Community College Library. Libraries in two-year schools,

commonly referred to as community or junior colleges, stand in an
intriguing and significant nexus between academic libraries in
universities and public libraries. Libraries at community
colleges can serve as both gathering places and sites for
research and academic support for students. In order to cover a
range of tasks, including collection development, reader
advisory, circulation, reference, and training, librarians in
two-year colleges are frequently needed. The smaller staff sizes
at community colleges' libraries often make it possible to fill
many tasks while also blurring the lines between them.
Additionally, community colleges need to continually engage their
varied student body, many of whom are part-time learners taking
part in business, technical, and continuing education programs.

Public Library. A library created by the government for use by

the common populace. It is accessible by the general public and
is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is
operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are
also civil servants. It is a library that is open to the public
and typically supported by government funding, such as taxes. It
is run by civil servants who work as librarians and library
paraprofessionals. Public libraries are pivotal for promoting
literacy and education. They certainly offer a variety of
resources, including books, training sessions, courses,
scientific publications, etc. Public libraries offer their
services both in-person and online, with some of them
incorporating both.

Research Library. A research library is a library that has a

comprehensive collection of resources on one or more subjects. An
extensive collection of materials on a single topic or group of
topics will typically be found in a research library, along with
both primary and secondary sources. Many specialized branch
research libraries can be found inside of large university
libraries, which are regarded as research libraries. In addition
to making literature produced by these institutions available to
others, libraries offer research resources for use by the members
of these organizations' staff and students. Public members who
want to learn more about a specific subject in-depth may also
have access to research libraries.

Making research materials available to customers is a difficult

task that research libraries must deal with specifically.
Additionally, they must make sure all of their materials are
trustworthy sources, that no copyright-related issues exist with
them, and that the majority of their materials are open access.
In order to serve research needs, research libraries are built
and filled with reliable sources of information. Research
libraries are usually connected to academic or research
organizations that specialize in that field and offer services to
those organizations' members. A truly multidisciplinary resource,
Research Library offers a diverse selection of scholarly
journals, trade publications, magazines, and other current
sources in the top 150 subject areas. It is the best resource for
serving a variety of needs because it covers more subject areas
than other resources, making it perfect for everyone from casual
users to serious researchers with interdisciplinary needs.

School Library. A school library, also known as a school media

center, is a library located inside of a school where both public
and private school students, faculty members, and frequently
parents have access to a wide range of resources. The purpose of
the school library media center is to guarantee that all members
of the school community have equal access to "books and reading,
to information, and to information technology." A school library
media center "uses all types of media... is automated, and
utilizes the Internet [as well as books] for information
gathering." School libraries differ from public libraries in that
they act as "learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend,
and individualize learning." Through the more than 60 studies
carried out in 19 U.S. states and one Canadian province,
researchers have shown that school libraries have a favorable
impact on student success. These studies' key conclusion was
that, regardless of their socioeconomic backgrounds, kids who had
access to a strong school library media program with a certified
school library media expert performed better on reading
examinations. Additionally, a research done in Ohio found that
99.4% of students polled thought that their school librarians and
school library media programs helped them achieve in school.

Special Library. Special libraries fill a unique niche in the

library community. Their collections are often heavily weighted
to one area of interest in support of a specific user base.
Because of this specialization, the libraries often house special
collections that are invaluable not only to their own users but
also to researchers around the world. Special libraries offer
unique opportunities to work in places such as corporations,
hospitals, the military, museums, law firms, advertising
agencies, professional associations, private businesses, and the
government. Many special librarians/information specialists now
work outside the typical library setting and have a non-library
job title. Special libraries can serve particular populations,
such as the blind and physically handicapped, while others are
dedicated to special collections, such as the Library of Congress
or a presidential library.

CASE STUDIES

LOCAL

National Library of the Philippines

National Library of the Philippines is the official

national library of the Philippines. The official national
library of the Philippines is called Biblioteca Nacional de
Filipinas (Spanish: Biblioteca Nacional de Filipinas; Filipino:
Pambansang Aklatan ng Pilipinas or Aklatang Pambansa ng
Pilipinas; abbreviated NLP). On a section of Rizal Park facing T,
the complex is situated in Ermita. The National Historical
Commission and the Museum of Philippine Political History are two
nearby culturally significant structures on M. Kalaw Avenue. The
National Commission for Culture and the Arts has control over it,
same as its neighbors (NCCA. The Museo-Biblioteca de Filipinas
(Museum-Library of the Philippines), which was founded on August
12, 1887, by royal order of the Spanish government,[1][2] can be
traced as the origin of the National Library of the Philippines.
On October 24, 1891, it opened at the Intendencia in Intramuros,
which was then the location of the Manila Mint (as the Casa de la
Moneda), with about 100 volumes and Julian Romero.

The collections of the National Library of the Philippines

consist of more than 210,000 books; over 880,000 manuscripts, all
part of the Filipiniana Division; more than 170,000 newspaper
issues from Metro Manila and across the Philippines; some 66,000
theses and dissertations; 104,000 government publications; 3,800
maps and 53,000 photographs.[13] The library's collections
include large numbers of materials stored on various forms of
non-print media, as well as almost 18,000 pieces for use of the
Library for the Blind Division.

Quezon City Public Library

The Quezon City Public Library was established as a tiny

division as a cooperative project between the National Library
and the Quezon City government under the administration of the
late Mayor Ponciano Bernardo and the first City Superintendent of
Libraries, Atty. Felicidad Peralta in accordance with Public Law
No. 1935, which called for the "consolidation of all libraries
belonging to any part of the Philippine Government for the
founding of the Philippine Library" and the upkeep of the same.
Officials in Quezon City, in particular the late Mayor Bernardo,
envisioned the requirements of the populace alongside the city's
physical and economic growth. The Quezon City Public Library was
established in recognition of the importance of informed and
educated citizens in achieving the objectives of a democratic
society.
 The library services had to be expanded to keep up with
the demands of the growing number of library users as the city
increased.The Main Library was moved to the bottom level of the
new building in April 1976, still under the direction of Mayor
Amoranto, and remained there for ten (10) years when the QC Hall
building was erected in January 1972. In Metro Manila at current
time, one of the largest public libraries run by a local
government is the Quezon City Public Library (main). The
Reference Section, Children's Section, Law Research Unit,
Filipiniana and Local History Collections, and Periodical Section
make up the reading area. Formerly a conference room, it has been
transformed into a technical work area where books are processed
for use in the reading area, a binding section where old issues
of significant publications, worn-out books, and other reading
materials are bound for future reference and research, and the
Administrative Services, which includes records, property,
supplies, and finance. Two (2) branch libraries were opened under
the administration of Mayor Adelina S. Rodriguez, bringing the
total number of branch libraries functioning in the city from
eight (8) to ten (10) at the time. The entire facility was
equipped with air conditioning units under Mayor Brigido Simon,
Jr.'s (1986–1991) administration, making it more suitable to
study. Additionally, books worth more than one million dollars
(1,000,000.00) were bought. Four (4) branch libraries were made
public during her reign. Projects and activities including book
distribution, storytelling sessions, displays, declamation
contests, and many more were expanded.

By approving RA # 7743, a "Act for the development of

Congressional, City and Municipal libraries and Barangay reading
centers across the Philippines, allocating the necessary monies,"
on June 17, 1994, the public library system's existence was
improved. In 2003, the building that had gone 21 years without
being improved or restored had a complete renovation.The City
Library has therefore consistently added 1089 new books to its
collection during the course of the three years of the Belmonte
administration.

Today, QCPL has now its own program/system, the Open

Biblio, which has different modules like the OPAC, Circulation
and Cataloguing modules, and also has its own website which
contains information about the QCPL and its branches, and also
about information and history of Quezon City. The Library can
accommodate about 1,000 guest daily with up to 300 readers at a
time. For a minimal fee, guest can apply for a library card
which allows holders to take home fiction books.

Reading Club 2000

Located in La Paz, Makati, Reading Club 2000 is a 24/7

library that gives away free books to visitors. The two-level
library is filled with stacks of books, which guest can read
there and then or take home. The first level is dedicated to
children’s book while the second floor houses a decent
collection of books for adults. The library’s self-sustaining
too, as owner Nanie Guanlao said that he continually accepts
book donations.

Marikina City Library

The best thing about Marikina’s library is how it

debunks the idea of libraries as boring places. For one, they
host games and puppet shows, and even screen educational films
for the visual learners. It’s exclusively for Marikina residents
with valid library card. It would be lovely to study here until
the next morning.

FOREIGN

STARFIELD LIBRARY IN SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA

From the moment it opened, the stunning Starfield

Library in Seoul caused quite a stir. Its striking design and
surprising position in the center of a massive mall drew
visitors from all over the world, including bibliophiles,
selfie-takers, and tourists. The Starfield Library officially
opened its doors on May 31, 2017. It wasn't long before photos
of this mind-boggling place began to flood Seoulites' Instagram
accounts. Currently, there’s a staggering 166k pics tagged with

#별마당도서관 – the Korean name of the Library. With that kind of

hoopla, it wasn't long before foreign tourists and expats came
on board. Another 36.6k tagged posts can be found if you search
for #starfieldlibrary. Here's why: it's a gigantic 2 story,
2,800 square metre wide area full of light and glass, with
50,000 volumes brilliantly decorating 3 towering bookshelves,
each rising a whopping 13 metres tall.

A kitschy fruit and vegetable tree and a magnificent tower of

books have been used as alternating centerpieces. There are
around 600 domestic and foreign periodicals to choose from.
Shinsegae, the owner, spent 6 billion won to plan and build the
Starfield Library. It will cost 500 million won each year to
maintain.

FLOOR B1

You can undertake routine library things in addition to gawking

at those massive bookcases and taking selfies. There are
numerous books available on the B1 level that cover virtually
every topic under the sun. However, because you cannot borrow
books from this library, you might be better off reading through
the 600 magazines on offer. When you need a break, head up to
the second level for coffee and cake at Billy Angel Cake
Company, snacks at the E-Mart convenience shop, or excellent
chocolate at Teuscher.

National Library of China (Beijing, China)

Founded in 1909 by the government of the Qing dynasty,

the National Library of China has amassed the astronomical
collection over 37 million items including the largest array of
Chinese literature in the world. Students, researchers, and book
lovers from across the country flood the three different
structures of the library. The newest addition, the North area
is divided into two levels: the lower holding the geometric
reading room and reference library signifying the old, and the
upper, housing the digital library representing the future and
evolving technology.

Conclusion:
The Case study will help the proponent to design the library to
incorporate the classic design of a library mixing it with a
touch of modern architecture.

Beitou Public Library (Taipei,

Taiwan)

Reading just got a lot

greener with ecological design of
the Beitou Public Library. The
slanted roof of the two-story
wooden facility captures rain water
which is stored to use within the
structure’s lavatory; the large
French Style ushers in Natural light, reducing electricity
consumption. Complete with balconies overlooking native flora,
the Beitou Public Library feels as though you’ve stepped into a
literary treehouse.

Stuttgart City Library ( Stuttgart, Germany)

 The new Stuttgart city Library is contained within a
perfect white(ish) cube placed directly to compass points,
labelled in languages that address the four faces of the globe.
Designed by Yi architects, the building is a pantheon at the
heart of a concentric plan, crowned by an inverted ziggurat
reading room, iced with rotating photovoltaic roof panels and
encased in a seamless nine-by-nine grid that emits blue light at
night. The gleaming white surfaces and crisp lines create a
dreamy and relaxed atmosphere within the Stuttgart City library.
Taking design cues from the Pantheon in Rome, German-based Yi
Architects took a minimalist shot towards designing the nine-
story with an open multi-floor reading room shaped like an
upside-down pyramid. The only color within the cube building
comes from the thousands of books that line the shelves.

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLY

QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY
 This study used a correlational method of research. This
type of research focuses on naturally occurring patterns, the
measurement of specific variables and the use of statistics to
clarify patterns of relationship. A questionnaire is a research
instrument that consists of a set of questions or other types of
prompts that aims to collect information from a respondent. A
research questionnaire is typically a mix of close-ended
questions and open-ended questions. The research aims to gather
an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that
govern such behavior. She chose the survey type of design for it
is a very valuable tool for assessing opinion and trends. She
used the questionnaire to gather relevant data regarding the
effect of architecture on the well-being employees. In this
study, the employees shall be the dependent variables and their
workplace shall be the independent variable. The researcher
would like to know the possible outcome if the independent
variable has been manipulated. She wants to know whether the
abrupt change would give a positive effect or a negative one.

The questionnaire was published on an online website

(Google docs) and was distributed on online call forums. The
respondents came from different companies from different
location in Luzon. All of the respondents are composed of
employees but majority are customer service representatives.
Some of the respondents are currently employed, while some have
already resigned. See appendix for the questionnaire used.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Descriptive Method