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Reduction Reactions
Any reaction involving the transfer of
electrons is an oxidation-reduction (or
redox) reaction
Definitions:
n Oxidation is the loss of electrons.
n Reduction is the gain of electrons.
rule 6 3 6 4 3 6 3 6 6 3 5 6 3 6
total +1 +5 -6 +2 +12 -14 -4 +6 -2 +1 -1 +2 +5 -8
Ox.# +1 +5 -2 +1 +6 -2 -2 +1 -2 +1 -1 +1 +5 -2
HNO 3 K2Cr2O7 C2H6O AgI H2PO4–
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
-14 -8 -4
-14 -8 -4
+12 -14 +6 -8 +3 +4 -4
+12 +6 +3 +4
+12/2=+6 +6/2=+3 +3 +4
Left: 14 H Right: 14 H
2 Cr 2 Cr
19 O 19 O
6C 6C
Redox Stoichiometry
n Calculations involving concentrations and redox
reactions are quite common. Many ores
containing metals are analyzed using redox
titrations. Since many compounds change color
as they are oxidized or reduced, one of the
reactants may serve as the indicator in the
titration.
Redox Stoichiometry
n The concentration of iron(II) can be
determined by titration with bromate ion, in
acid. The products are iron(III) ion and the
bromide ion.
What is the concentration of iron(II) ion if
31.50 mL of 0.105M potassium bromate is
required to completely react with 10.00 mL of
the iron solution.
Redox Stoichiometry
n The concentration of iron(II) can be
determined by titration with bromate ion, in
acid. The products are iron(III) ion and the
bromide ion.