ELEMENTS OF DANCE

BODY.
● body parts; shape – frozen pose

ACTION.
● movement
● locomotor – movement through space involving a
change of location;
● non-locomotor - movement occurring above a
stationary base

SPACE.
● personal space - the area around your body
● general space - the entire area of the room you are
in

LEVEL.
● low / medium / high

DIRECTION.
● forward / backward / sideways

FOCUS.
● direction of gaze

TIME.
● tempo – fast / medium / slow

ENERGY.
● quality of movement

ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

TIMBRE
● the unique sound quality of instruments or sound;
the quality or character of a sound or voice

RHYTHM.
● regular repeated pattern of beats, sounds
● pattern of different long and short sounds

METER.
● refers to the unit of time that is made up of beats

TEMPO.
● describes how fast or slow the music is

RHYTHMIC PATTERN.
● is the combination of notes and rest

MELODY.
● the series of pitches that makes a tone

PITCH.
● how high or low a note sounds

HARMONY.
● the sound of 2 or more notes heard
simultaneously

TEXTURE.
● the number of instruments or musical voice
performing in a given piece
● the layer of sound that describes how sparse or
dense the music is

Monophonic only a single layer of melody

ex: acapella
Homophonic one line of melody accompanied
by chords or harmony
ex: modern pop and rock
Polyphonic consist of 2 or more independent
melodies sing or played together
and heard simultaneously
ex: brass band, string portion in
an orchestra

FORM.
● structure, organization, design of a musical piece
● the order of arrangement of the parts of the music

Unitary Form has only one section; short song

with only 1 verse
ex: acapella
Strophic same melody for all the stanza or
verse only the words or the lyric
change; has 2 or more sections
that use same tune
ex: Bahay Kubo ( A’ A’’ A’’’)
Binary made up of two sections
ex: Row Row Row Your Boat (AB)
Ternary has 3 sections
ex: Twinkle Twinkle (ABA);
Lupang Hinirang (ABC)