Electrical Services

Integration into design

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Building services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

It is designed by incorporating three basic heads, Engineers term it as “MEP”

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Mechanical services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• HVAC – HEATING VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING

• HOT WATER GENERATION
• FIRE PROTECTION
• PUMPS
• LIFTS & ESCALLATORS
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Electrical services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• ELECTRICAL HT & LT POWER DISTRIBUTION

• LIGHTING
• EARTHING & LIGHTENING PROTECTION
• FIRE DETECTION & ALARM SYSTEM
• PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
• ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
• CCTV SYSTEM & MONITORING SYSTEM
• BUILDING SECURITY SYSTEM
• BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
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Plumbing services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM

• FLUSHING WATER SYSTEM
• SEWAGE WATER SYSTEM
• RAIN WATER SYSTEM
• MEDICAL GAS SYSTEMS
• GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
• FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
• Fire Pumps
• Wet & Dry Hydrant Systems
• Fire Suppression Systems
• Automatic Standpipe
• Automatic Sprinkler System
• Special Extinguishing Systems
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Utility Master planning JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Master Plan JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Master Planning is the planning of engineering needs and solutions for existing
facilities and proposed future additions. It focuses on infrastructure need for:

 Mechanical Systems
 Electrical Systems
 Plumbing Systems
 Fire Protections Systems
 Electronic Information, Control, and Communication Systems
 BMS
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ELECTRICAL SERVICES Guides JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Electrical services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Electrical services JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Low Voltage Services

• CCTV Type of Drawings
HV Services • Telephone • Single line diagram(SLD)
• Power Sub Station • Fire Alarm System • Schematics
• HT Panel • Public Address System • Wiring diagram (Typical module)
• LT Panel, MDB, • Access Control System • Control layout
DB(PDB/LDB) • Lighting Control System • Sectional coordination Drawing
• Server & Data System • Co-ordination layout
• Power & Control Cabling
• Small Power Power Sub Station
• Load Calculations
• Emergency Power Supply- • Transformer Type-Dry/Oil
DG/UPS • HT/LT panels
• Lighting system • Cable Sizing
• MSEB Norms
• Earthing System Load Voltage Level Rural Municipal
240/415V up to 100 KVA up to 187 KVA
11/22KV 100-1500 KVA 187-1500 KVA
22KV 1500-3000 KVA 1500-3000 KVA
33KV 1500-5000 KVA 1500-5000 KVA
132/220KV 5000+ KVA 5000+ KVA
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Single & Three Phase JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Single phase
• Normally small buildings are supplied with electricity by
two wires, one phase wire and the other neutral. This is
known as single phase supply
• Gives a voltage for the premises of 240 volts.
• The loading of the supply wiring is balanced between
the phases by using the phases in rotation so that each
one services every third building.
Three phase
• In three phases, four wire bring 415/ 240 volts, 50 cycle
per second.
• The voltage between any two of the phases wires is 415
Volts. And between any phase wire and the neutral is
240 volts.
• The balancing of load is then achieved by serving
different areas of the building by different phases.
• Electric motor are usually designed for three phase
operation.
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Resistor:
As you could probably guess from the name, a resistor increases the resistance of a
circuit. The main purpose of this is to reduce the flow of electricity in a circuit
Capacitors :
Capacitors store and release electrical charge. They are used for filtering power supply
lines, tuning resonant circuits, and for blocking DC voltages while passing AC signals,
among numerous other uses.
Inductor :
An inductor is essentially a coil of wire. In some ways, an inductor is the opposite of a
capacitor. While a capacitor stores voltage as electrical energy, an inductor stores current
as magnetic energy. Thus, a capacitor opposes a change in the voltage of a circuit, while
an inductor opposes a change in its current
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Beer Mug analogy JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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What you waste

What you drink

What you
pay for
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* Pf increases when total connected load is minimum

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Use of capacitor JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Energy basics JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Energy basics JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Energy basics JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Power Distribution JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

High Voltage supplies

400 KV •HT consumers like Industries, Campuses, are fed

(400,000 V) with 11 KV Three Phase wires

•LT consumers are fed with 240 V and of two

types:
Voltages reduced •1. Three Phase customer: large residential,
by step down commercial, etc.
275 kV Transformers
National Grid
(275,000 V) •2. Single Phase customer: residential, etc.

11 KV

132 kV
(132,000 V) 66 KV Voltages further
reduced by local
Transformers

415/240 V
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Power distribution JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Power distribution JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Panel JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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3-Ǿ Circuit distribution JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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3-Ǿ Armoured Cables JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

4 core 2 core

3.5 core

Types of Armoured Cables

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Cable bending JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Flexible cable Armoured cable

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Distribution Panels JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Service Shafts (Electrical) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Requirement of Earthing pits JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• Lightening protection
• Surrounding the building as per node positions
• Transformer room
• Depends on number of transformers
• Generator room
• Depends on number of generators
• Electrical room
• Depends on number of distributing panels
• Lift machine room
• Depends on number of machines
• Electrical shafts
• Depends on number of shafts
• Pump rooms
• Depends on number of pumps and equipment
• HVAC plants
• Depends on number of chillers and cooling towers
• Fire pump room
• Depends on number of fire pumps
• Electrical Floor panels
• Depends on number of panels per floor
• Ventilating fans
• Depends on number ventilating fans used
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Power distribution & deciding transformer JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Electrical room Layouts

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PATWARDHAN
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Transformers JAYANT
PATWARDHAN
6/20/2022

Wet type (External) Dry type (Internal)

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Generator set JAYANT
PATWARDHAN
6/20/2022
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LOCATION OF
SUB-STATION

BUILDING ENTRY GATE

FACE
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LOCATION OF
SUB-STATION

BUILDING FACE TRANSFORMER

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TRANSFORMER
PANEL ROOM LOCATION OF SUB-STATION
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LOCATION OF SUB-
STATION

EXHAUST
TOWER

PANEL ROOM
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LOCATION OF SUB-STATION
GENERATOR ROOM
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LOCATION
OF SUB-
STATION
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LOCATION OF
SUB-STATION
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LOCATION OF
SUB-STATION
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LOCATION OF
SUB-STATION
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Lighting JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Lux Level
Type of lighting
• The lux (symbol: lx) is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous
• Illumination emittance, measuring luminous flux per unit area. It is equal to one
• Lux Level lumen per square metre
• Types of Light fixtures • Moonless Sky/Dark overcast night- 0.001 Lux
• Lighting Control • Moonless clear night sky – 0.002
• Emergency Lighting Building Services • Full moon – 0.27-1
• Street Light – 39 Lux (Avg)
• Living room – 250
• Natural light • Office – 350-400
• Indoor Lighting • Day light/Sun light – 10000-25000
• Outdoor lighting
where,
• Task Lighting N = number of lamps required.
• Façade lighting E = illuminance level required (lux)
• Direct/Indirect Lighting A = area at working plane height (m2)
F = average luminous flux from each lamp (lm)
UF= utilisation factor, an allowance for the light distribution
of the luminaire and the room surfaces.
MF= maintenance factor, an allowance for reduced light
output because of deterioration and dirt.
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Low Voltage systems JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

1. FIRE DETECTION & ALARM SYSTEM

2. PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

3. ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

4. CCTV SYSTEM & MONITORING SYSTEM

5. BUILDING SECURITY SYSTEM

6. BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

All the above need proper provisions for their ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM, EPABX system
CCTV, FA PA, BMS, IBS
integration and maintainability in present &
future needs.
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FA System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

A fire alarm is a unit

made of several devices,
which uses visual and
audio signalization to
warn people about a
possible fire, smoke, or
carbon monoxide
occurrence in the area of
coverage. Fire
alarms are usually set
in fire alarm
systems to provide zonal
coverage for residences
and commercial
buildings.
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PA System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

A public address system (PA system) is an electronic system comprising microphones,

amplifiers, loudspeakers, and related equipment. It increases the apparent volume (loudness)
of a human voice, musical instrument, or other acoustic sound source or recorded sound or
music.
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PA System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Access Control System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Access control systems are the electronic systems that are designed to control through
a network and they should have an access to a network. Access Control
System recognizes authenticates and authorizes entry of a person to enter into the premise
thereby giving complete protection ensuring security with the system.
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Access Control System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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CCTV Control system JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

CCTV is a Closed Circuit Camera surveillance system to monitor, track and record the
movements of person, property inside as well as outside the premises

In today's security environment it makes sense to integrate access control systems with
a CCTV setup. Pairing access control and CCTV systems helps generate smarter video
data for the security system. ... Without a CCTV system, someone who shouldn't
have access to a building could get access by using a lost or stolen card.
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CCTV Control system JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Building Security system JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Building Management system (BMS) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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An Intelligent building JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Fire Detection System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Access Control System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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CCTV & Surveillance System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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IBMS System JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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MEP Coordination
JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

ARCHITECT MEP
Engineers
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MEP- Interfacing JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

According to the characteristics of the problem, integration requirements, and

construction necessities, the Interface Problems is divided in following eight
classifications.
1. Coordination with civil structure
2. Safety aspects
3. Functionality
4. Constructability
5. Economy
6. Efficiency
7. Expandability
8. Maintainability
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Civil Coordination JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• This refers to the process of installing Services, which must be well coordinated to embed the horizontal pipes and vertical
sleeves in advance.

• Electrical pipes, monitor control pipes, and vertical sleeves of sewage pipes from the floor slab must be installed prior to slab
grouting.

• The work involving the first completed concrete mat for moisture protection and vibration isolators must be executed in
conjunction with the embedded sleeves and architectural
construction works
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Civil Coordination JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Note : It is very Important to Close this Sleeves

with Fire sealant Post Installation of Service
Lines
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Civil Coordination JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Civil Coordination JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Civil Coordination (Before covering up) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Civil Coordination (After Cover-up) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Civil Coordination (Cabling work) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Interior Coordination (Equipment work) JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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TYPICAL SECTION OF CORRIDOR JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Service corridors/ floors JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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Constructability JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

Constructability represents the factors influencing the sequence of installation. The conflicts can be categorized
as follows:

• Conflict of equipment in a space - Because of the crowded space, the routing and sequence of installation for large
equipment must be checked first.

• Conflict of pipeline in a space - Conditions for stacking and interlacing pipelines causes difficulty in installation and
maintenance due to over-crowded spaces and lack of advance coordination

• Crowded installation - Conflicts within the installation space, idle laborers, and poor installation quality can result from
problems such as crowded spaces or multiple workers operating simultaneously at a single site. Furthermore, the attitude of “first
come first win” or “first do first win” causes conflict in the arrangement of pipelines.

• Pipe materials and dimensions - Installation suffers if the diameter of the pipe is oversized or if the material of the pipe is
inflexible or too rigid to be easily cut or molded. If these kinds of materials are applied for the works, they should be installed
earlier to prevent conflicts

• Installation of pipeline tiers - When the pipeline layout exceeds two layers, pipes
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MEP Integration & Architects contribution JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

• Identification of separate arrangements for HVAC, power supply, plumbing, fire protection, telecommunications, and
other related systems.

• Appoint consultants and contractors to design and construct these systems. Currently, according to technical
specifications, each specialty or trade subcontractor is assigned the responsibility of integrating MEP systems.

• Coordination of mechanical and electrical systems to detail their configuration provides a major challenge for complex
building and industrial projects

• The knowledge required for MEP integration must be integrated to our System because specialty subcontractors of each
system perform tasks individually, proposing a layout according to their own needs, leading to the fragmentation of MEP.

• Improper integration at the equipment/pipeline interface results in interference and inappropriate sequence of jobs during
installation can negatively influence the entire project.

• Moreover, the complete integration of the interface reduces the numbers of changes in the design, decreases the work
requiring demolition, addresses problems resulting from installation error, and increases the overall construction quality of
projects.

• Hence, the purpose of integrating the interface is to recognize problems, resolve conflicts, and perfect the layout of the
system for these mechanisms to serve their functions fully.
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MEP Integration sequencing JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

The discussed eight criteria are considered as MEP integration items because they are closely related to
considerations of installation integration.
To facilitate comparison, let us subcategorized these eight criteria according to three levels
INTEGRATION SEQUENCING
The three levels are described as follows:

1. Basic Requirements and Coordination with Civil Structure Works

Functionality of the 8 criteria fall under this first level of the integration sequencing.

2. Construction Requirements
This is a second level integration task, comprising the evaluation of installation difficulty, problems
associated with the installation of circulation interfaces, and the arrangement of sequencing

3. Cost and Operations Requirements

This refers to the examination of the price of installation, cost-benefit ratio, and factors related to
maintenance and expansion during the life circle of the facility.
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Basic Requirements and Coordination with Civil Structure Works

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Construction Requirements JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022

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Cost and Operations Requirements JAYANT PATWARDHAN 6/20/2022
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