Physics for Health Sciences

Spring 2022- 2023

1430107

Dr. Hafsa Khurshid

hkhurshid@sharjah.ac.ae

Chap 3
Kinematics in two Dimensions
3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration
3.2 Equation of Kinematics in two Dimensions
3.3 Projectile Motion
3.4 Relative Velocity
3.5 Concepts and Calculations
Recall Vector and its components
The components are the legs   
of the right triangle whose A  Ax  Ay
hypotenuse is A

 Ax  A cos( )  Ay 
 A  Ax2  Ay2 and   tan  
1
 Ay  A sin(  )  Ax 

 A   A 2  A 2
 x y

 Or,
1  y 
Ay A
tan    or   tan  
 Ax  Ax 
 3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions

1 dimension 2 dimension
X component Y component

x 1
2
v o  v  t x   
2 vox  vx t
1 y 1
2
voy  vy  t

v  vo  at vx  v0 x  axt v y  v0 y  a y t

x  vot  at 1
2
2 x  x0  v0 x t  1 a x t 2
2 y  y0  v0 yt  12 a y t 2

v  v  2ax vx  v0 x  2ax ( x  x0 ) v y  v0 y  2a y ( y  y0 )
2 2 2 2
2 2
o
At time t = 0 s, an object is moving on a horizontal plane with a velocity v 0x = 1.0 m/s, v0y = 1.5 m/s. As the
object slides, a constant acceleration acts on it that has the following components: ax = -2.3 m/s2 and ay = 4.0
m/s2. Determine the magnitude of the displacement of the object at time t = 2 s? Determine the magnitude of
the final velocity, v, of the object at time t = 2 s?
A bird flies 25.0 m in the direction 55° east of south to its nest on a cliff. The bird then flies 75.0 m in the direction 55°
west of north to the top of a tree. What are the northward and westward components of the resultant
displacement of the bird from its nest?
northward westward
A) 29 m 41 m
B) 41 m 29 m
C) 35 m 35 m
D) 81 m 57 m
E) 57 m 81 m
A sailboat leaves a harbor and sails 1.8 km in the direction 65° south of east, where
the captain stops for lunch. A short time later, the boat sails 1.1 km in the
direction 15° north of east. What is the magnitude of the resultant displacement
from the harbor?
A) 2.3 km
B) 1.5 km
C) 2.9 km
D) 1.2 km
E) 0.59 km
A force, , of magnitude 2.0 N and directed due east is exerted on an object. A second force exerted on the object
is = 2.0 N, due north. What is the magnitude and direction of a third force, , which must be exerted on the
object so that the resultant force is zero?
A) 1.4 N, 45° north of east
B) 1.4 N, 45° south of west
C) 2.8 N, 45° north of east
D) 2.8 N, 45° south of west
E) 4.0 N, 45° east of north
 Question
Suppose you are driving due east, traveling a distance of
1500 m in 2 minutes. You then turn due north and travel
the same distance in the same time. What can be said
about the average speeds and the average velocities for
the two segments of the trip?
(a) The average speeds are the same, and the average
velocities are the same.
(b) The average speeds are the same, but the average
velocities are different.
(c) The average speeds are different, but the average
velocities are the same.
Two trees have perfectly straight trunks and are
both growing perpendicular to the flat horizontal
ground beneath them. The sides of the trunks that
face each other are separated by 1.10 m. A frisky
squirrel makes three jumps in rapid succession.
First, he leaps from the foot of one tree to a spot
that is 1.50 m above the ground on the other tree.
Then, he jumps back to the first tree, landing on it
at a spot that is 2.10 m above the ground. Finally,
he leaps back to the other tree, now landing at a
spot that is 2.70 m above the ground. What is the
magnitude of the squirrel's displacement?
Two trees have perfectly straight trunks and are both growing perpendicular to the flat horizontal ground
beneath them. The sides of the trunks that face each other are separated by 1.10 m. A squirrel makes three
jumps. First, he leaps from the foot of one tree to a spot that is 1.50 m above the ground on the other tree.
Then, he jumps back to the first tree, landing on it at a spot that is 2.10 m above the ground. Finally, he
leaps back to the other tree, now landing at a spot that is 2.70 m above the ground. What is the magnitude
of the squirrel's displacement?
The displacement is a vector drawn from the initial position to the final
position. The magnitude of the displacement is the shortest distance
between the positions. Note that it is only the initial and final positions that
determine the displacement. The fact that the squirrel jumps to an
intermediate position before reaching his final position is not important. The
trees are perfectly straight and both growing perpendicular to the flat
horizontal ground beneath them. Thus, the distance between the trees and
the length of the trunk of the second tree below the squirrel’s final landing
spot form the two perpendicular sides of a right triangle, as the drawing
shows. To this triangle, we can apply the Pythagorean theorem and
determine the magnitude A of the displacement vector A.
A car travels along a highway with a velocity of 24 m/s, west. The car exits the highway; and 4.0 s later,
its instantaneous velocity is 16 m/s, 45° north of west. What is the magnitude of the average
acceleration of the car during the four-second interval?
A) 2.4 m/s2
B) 4.3 m/s2
C) 1.2 m/s2
D) 11 m/s2
E) 17 m/s2
On her trip from home to school, Karla drives along three streets after exiting the driveway. She drives 1.85
miles south, 2.43 miles east and 0.35 miles north. Determine her total distance and the magnitude and
direction of her resultant displacement. Answer: (2.86 mi, 58o ES, 4.63mi)

Steve walks from Point P to Point Q. The curved part of his path is a semicircle. Find the magnitude of his
displacement, distance, speed and velocity from point P to point Q?
a. 5 m
b. 15 m
c. 20 m
d. 20.7 m

A train travels due south at 20 m/s. It reverses its direction and travels due north at 60 m/s.
What is the change in velocity of the train?
a) 60 m/s, due north
b) 120 m/s, due south
c) 80 m/s, due
d) zero
Steve walks from Point P to Point Q. The curved part of his path is a semicircle. Find the magnitude of his displacement,
distance, speed and velocity from point P to point Q after 5s?
a. 5 m
b. 15 m
c. 20 m
d. 20.7 m
From the velocity-time graph shown below, the approximate distance covered by the
object in the first 3 seconds is,
•10 m
•19 m
•23 m
•44 m

•A GPS tracking device is placed in a police dog to monitor its whereabouts relative to
the police station. At time t1 = 10 min, the dog's displacement from the station is 1.0
km, 30° north of east. At time t2 = 50 min, the dog's displacement from the station
is 2.0 km, 75° north of east. Find the magnitude and direction of the dog's average
velocity between these two times.
•0.5 m/s,88° west of north
•1.4 m/s, 31° west of north
•1.6 m/s, 42° north of east
•0.5 m/s, 86° north of east
 A man walks one and a half times around a circular lake of radius one and a half kilometers in 30
minutes. His average velocity is:

(a) 1.7 m/s

(b) 2.4 m/s
(c) zero m/s
(d) 1 m/s
On her trip from home to school, Karla drives along three streets after exiting the driveway. She drives 1.85
miles south, 2.43 miles east and 0.35 miles north. Determine her total distance and the magnitude and
direction of her resultant displacement. Answer: (2.86 mi, 58o ES, 4.63mi)

Steve walks from Point P to Point Q. The curved part of his path is a semicircle. Find the magnitude of his
displacement, distance, speed and velocity from point P to point Q?
a. 5 m
b. 15 m
c. 20 m
d. 20.7 m

A train travels due south at 20 m/s. It reverses its direction and travels due north at 60 m/s.
What is the change in velocity of the train?
a) 60 m/s, due north
b) 120 m/s, due south
c) 80 m/s, due
d) zero