ST.

ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

Name: Jodeshine C. Derequito__ Section: 3-A Date: 09/08/2023

NSG 119 LEC
Article journal

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Incidence in Adults Aged

18 Years and Older in Goto City, Japan A Prospective
Population-Based Study
Taiga Miyazaki, MD, PhD; Katsuji Hirano, MD; Kiyoshi Ichihara, MD, PhD; Elisa Gonzalez, MS;
Bradford D. Gessner, MD; Raul E. Isturiz, MD; Pingping Zhang, MS; Sharon Gray, MS; Michael
Pride, PhD; Mark van der Linden, PhD; Luis Jodar, PhD; Takahiro Maeda, MD, PhD; Shigeru
Kohno, MD, PhD; Adriano Arguedas, MD; and the Goto City Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Incidence Study Group

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949789223000077

Background:
Few studies have measured the burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and
pneumococcal vaccine-type CAP in Japan after the introduction of the 23-valent
pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine into the adult national immunization program for
individuals aged ≥ 65 years in 2014. In this study, we estimated the incidences of CAP
and Streptococcus pneumoniae CAP among Japanese adults between 2015 and 2020.
Aim:
To identify demographic patterns, seasonal trends, and risk factors associated with CAP
development while assessing clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization. By
providing valuable insights into CAP in this specific community, the study can inform
targeted public health strategies and interventions to address this respiratory condition.
Methods:
This prospective population-based multicenter active surveillance study enrolled adults
≥ 18 years of age with clinically and radiologically confirmed CAP in Goto City, Japan. S
pneumoniae was detected using standard-of-care blood and sputum cultures,
BinaxNOW (Abbott), and serotype-specific urinary antigen detection assays.
Results:
A total of 2,103 patients with CAP were enrolled; 84% were aged ≥ 65 years and 6.7%
died during the study. The annual CAP, S pneumoniae CAP, 13-valent pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine (PCV13) serotype CAP, and 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate
vaccine (PCV20) serotype CAP incidences per 100,000 population were 1,280, 227, 63,
and 110, respectively. S pneumoniae was detected in 17.8% of all patients with CAP by
any detection method, with 4.9%, 5.5%, and 8.6% of cases of CAP resulting from
PCV13, 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and PCV20 serotypes,
respectively. Applying Goto’s incidence and case fatality rate to the Japanese
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

population, assuming PCV20 has the same vaccine efficacy and duration of protection
as PCV13 and if licensed in Japan for the prevention of CAP, the inclusion of PCV20 in
the national immunization program for adults ≥ 65 years of age could prevent 29,036
cases of CAP and 2,275 CAP-related deaths per year.

Conclusion:

Given the substantial burden of preventable pneumococcal disease, introduction of

pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Japanese adults may be of merit.

Insight:

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Incidence in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older in Goto

City, Japan: A Prospective Population-Based Study" presents a comprehensive
investigation into the epidemiology and characteristics of community-acquired
pneumonia (CAP) in the adult population of Goto City, Japan. The primary objective of
this study is to quantify the incidence of CAP in this specific demographic group,
providing essential data for healthcare planning and resource allocation. By assessing
demographic patterns and risk factors associated with CAP, the study aims to identify
vulnerable subpopulations, helping tailor preventive measures and targeted
interventions effectively. The analysis of seasonal and temporal trends in CAP
incidence can offer insights into potential triggers and the necessity for seasonal
vaccination campaigns. Furthermore, the study delves into the microbiological etiology
of CAP cases, shedding light on the causative agents responsible for the condition in
this region. Evaluating hospitalization rates and clinical outcomes provides a
comprehensive view of the burden of CAP, its severity, and the impact on healthcare
systems. The comparison of local data with national or regional statistics enables
researchers to identify any unique characteristics or disparities specific to Goto City,
further informing public health strategies and enhancing the overall understanding of
CAP in the community. Overall, this study serves as a valuable resource for healthcare
practitioners and policymakers in developing targeted interventions and improving the
management of CAP in Goto City, Japan.