APRENDIZAJE 11

EVIDENCIA 3

ENSAYO “FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (FTA): ADVANTAGES AND

DISADVANTAGES”

NEGOCIACIÓN INTERNACIONAL 2282627

ALISSON ORION MARTIN PANNEFLEK

GAES #31

SERVICIO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAJE SENA

CENTRO DE SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS

2022
Es de suma importancia en este proceso de aprendizaje, conocer muy bien los tratados de libre de
comercio que se tienen en un país, antes de iniciar cualquier operación de importación y/o
exportación.
Para desarrollar esta evidencia es importante que lea y analice previamente el material
de formación denominado The sentence, además del siguiente material complementario:
 English sentence structure and entity-relationship diagrams.
 Sentence structure.

Posterior a estas lecturas, elabore un ensayo en inglés de mínimo tres (3) páginas, que
dé respuesta a lo siguiente:
 Investigue sobre los tratados de libre comercio que Colombia tiene vigentes con los
Estados Unidos.
 Escriba las ventajas y desventajas de estos tratados para Colombia.
 Free Trade Agreement with the United States
Colombia began negotiations of a free trade agreement (FTA) with the United States on February
22, 2006, this treaty had a rather long time since there were problems in the agreement of both
parties, there were 15 rounds and 100 meetings to draft the document in its entirety and that both
parties were in accordance with the clauses; In the end after 21 months of dialogues the treaty
was signed and in the process of acceptance, on October 12, 2011 this treaty was approved by
the congresses of Colombia and the United States, following the approval of this treaty the
president of the United States Barack Obama gave by means of the approving law on October
21, 2011, it should be noted that this treaty entered into force on May 15, 2012 under Decree 933
in which there are attached letters and understandings by both parties being necessary this
document for the entry into force of the treaty.

The idea that Colombia implemented was a great opportunity to expand agricultural products,
agricultural and other within the commercial market of this world power, in the same way has
been characterized as one of the most iconic countries for the variability of flowers, vegetables,
fruits and other foods that are mentioned in the treaty; In the nine years that have elapsed since
the date of conclusion of the treaty the entries and exits of merchandise have increased the
participation in the American country, in 2012 the data of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry
and Tourism showed the participation of 16% in the export movements and in 2021 the
movement increased notoriously by 32% showing a total of 45%, implying that the non-mining
exports that the country has made has resulted in a balance of US$ 3. 334.3 million last year, we
can notice the great difference of increases within the acquisition that was supplied between the
months of January and August 2012 giving an income of US$ 2,368.8 million dollars.

The entrepreneurs owners of microenterprises or even entrepreneurship are benefited since 20%
approximately have managed to transport properly to that country demonstrating the strength that
has taken in free trade between both countries, the goods or products that these medium or small
companies give to offer the FTA has been an access to products since 249 new products have
been integrated with pass to export to the United States having the great benefit of entering
without the need of tariffs; it has access of 10. 500 tariff items to which previously there were
only 5,520 with access granted through the Andean Tariff Preferences and Drug Eradication
(ATPDE).
Despite having a great advantage when it comes to start exporting products through the
agreement, we can see that there have been challenges, on the one hand, the use of the most
requested resources and produced in the country; Within the country it has been possible to
visualize that the most requested product is the Hass avocado, but we cannot leave aside the
decreases that would be given to some products in the renegotiation of the agreement, the tax
relief of products such as rice, chicken and milk may result in an increase in taxes, which would
go notoriously in the economy of these products. Each of these difficulties may be subtracting
the economy of the country and even of the farmers who work hard to produce what is required
and send it abroad, the commission for them would be less, so it is necessary that the country
tries to reevaluate some of the products that are put on the table for renegotiation and to think
more about the economic welfare of farmers.

But these difficulties are not an impediment in their totality to allow the growth to the acquisition
of the neighboring country to welcome Colombian products, it is estimated that by 2022 the
United States will import 997 Colombian products and within these 937 are non-agricultural and
24 are agricultural which may be entered into the country without tariffs when entering the
market. The Colombian American Chamber of Commerce and the figures provided by the U.S.
Census Bureau show that Colombia has a duty between 1% and 3.8% and the country has
exported between January and October 2021 outstanding products such as glass, manufactured
goods, aluminum, cement, electrical machinery, plastics, collectibles, art and antiques, wood
furniture, precious jewelry such as rubies, sapphires, emeralds, among others, and resulting in a
total of

The competition is tough in the U.S. market since Canada, China, Japan, Mexico and Korea are
the main sellers, but Colombia maintains the top 15 in suppliers, achieving a trade figure of US$
8,537.6 million.

Some of the aforementioned products that will be free of tariffs in the agricultural area are eggs
in their multiple presentations, beans, including beans, beans and beans in shelled or unshelled
form, corn flour, cassava starch, caramelized sugar and molasses, caramelized sugar and
molasses, and sugar and molasses with caramelized sugar and molasses, caramelized sugar and
molasses, colorants, flavorings or syrups extracted from fructose on dry products, starches, beet
pulp, ground or sifted cereals, sugar cane stalks and others belonging to the sugar industry;
Within the liquor industry we find any variety of cane spirits, whiskey, rum and vodka, and to
this long list we can add meat in special products such as bovine, brine or salted, chicken or
rooster offal, refrigerated or uncut; In the case of non-agricultural goods, the goods to be
highlighted are hydrogen chloride, types of white cement without pulverizing, iron oxide,
sulfuric acid, bandages, gauze for plaster, cotton and other pharmaceutical supplies.
BIBLIOGRAFIA
 https://www.tlc.gov.co/acuerdos/vigente/acuerdo-de-promocion-comercial-estados-unidos
 https://www.valoraanalitik.com/2021/10/25/tlc-colombia-y-estados-unidos-se-cumplen-nueve-
anos/
 https://www.portafolio.co/economia/a-estados-unidos-llegaran-997-productos-locales-sin-
arancel-560170
 https://www.larepublica.co/especiales/elecciones-estados-unidos-2020/tlc-entre-estados-unidos-
y-colombia-ha-aumentado-16-las-empresas-exportadoras-3082653
 https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/empresas/beneficios-tlc-colombia-estados-unidos-151112