Summer Work Week4 [24 marks]

Resistor R is connected in a circuit with a cell that has internal resistance.

The ammeter and the voltmeter are ideal.

1a. State what is meant by an ideal voltmeter. [1 mark]

The resistance of R is 50.0 Ω. The voltmeter reads 1.47 V.

1b. Calculate, in mA, the current in the resistor. [1 mark]

 Resistor R is replaced by another of resistance 10.0 Ω. The ammeter now reads
139 mA.

1c. Show that the internal resistance of the cell is about 0.7 Ω. [2 marks]

1d. Calculate the emf of the cell. [2 marks]

 One of the connecting wires is placed in a magnetic field. The direction of the
current in the wire is shown.

1e. Explain, by reference to charge carriers in the wire, how the magnetic [2 marks]
force on the wire arises.

1f. Identify the direction of the magnetic force on the wire. [1 mark]
2a. Identify the laws of conservation that are represented by Kirchhoff’s [2 marks]
circuit laws.

A cell is connected to an ideal voltmeter, a switch S and a resistor R. The

resistance of R is 4.0 Ω.

When S is open the reading on the voltmeter is 12 V. When S is closed the

voltmeter reads 8.0 V.

2b. State the emf of the cell. [1 mark]

2c. Deduce the internal resistance of the cell. [2 marks]
 The voltmeter is used in another circuit that contains two secondary cells.

Cell A has an emf of 10 V and an internal resistance of 1.0 Ω. Cell B has an emf of
4.0 V and an internal resistance of 2.0 Ω.

2d. Calculate the reading on the voltmeter. [3 marks]

2e. Comment on the implications of your answer to (c)(i) for cell B. [1 mark]
 Electricity can be generated using renewable resources.

2f. Outline why electricity is a secondary energy source. [1 mark]

2g. Some fuel sources are renewable. Outline what is meant by renewable. [1 mark]

2h. A fully charged cell of emf 6.0 V delivers a constant current of 5.0 A for a [3 marks]
time of 0.25 hour until it is completely discharged.
The cell is then re-charged by a rectangular solar panel of dimensions 0.40 m ×
0.15 m at a place where the maximum intensity of sunlight is 380 W m−2.
The overall efficiency of the re-charging process is 18 %.
Calculate the minimum time required to re-charge the cell fully.
 2i. Outline why research into solar cell technology is important to society. [1 mark]

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