Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School i

THE ROLE OF KINDERGARTEN PARENTS IN MODULAR

DISTANCE LEARNING PROCESS IN NASI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

An Action Research
Presented to
The Faculty of Graduate School
GOLDEN GATE COLLEGES
Batangas City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
MASTER IN EDUCATION
MAJOR IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Rita Pangilinan Hernandez

___________2020
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School ii

APPROVAL SHEET

This action research entitled "THE ROLE OF KINDERGARTEN

PARENTS IN MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING PROCESS IN NASI

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL” prepared and submitted by RITA P.

HERNANDEZ in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree

Master in Education, Major in Educational Management, has been

evaluated and approved with a grade of ___________________.

Date: ________________.

GABRIEL R. ROCO Ed.D

Evaluator

ESPERANZA B. LUSANTA, Ed.D.

OIC Dean, Graduate School

Comprehensive Examination taken on _____________________

Rating ____________________________________________
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researcher would like to extend her sincerest appreciation

and gratitude to those who contributed much in this study for without

them, this work will not be completed.

Special thanks and appreciation is given to her action research

professor, Dr. Esperanza B. Lusanta, and to her evaluator Dr. Gabriel

R. Roco for giving comments and guidance to accomplish this work and

helped her to understand her study.

Thanks to the researcher’s co teachers, friends, and family who

serves as an inspiration and for the untiring support and encouragement

to pursue this study.

R.P.H
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School iv

DEDICATION

The researcher dedicates this action research to her ever

loving partner, Mr. Evhal for his non-stop moral and financial

support.

The researcher also dedicate this study to her heartedly

loving and supportive parents, Mr. Paulino G. Pangilinan and Mrs.

Anselma C. Pangilinan

Also, the researcher want to dedicate this study to her very

supportive friends especially to Mrs. Lovely Joy D. Marasigan and

classmates for the happiness.

The researcher also wants to dedicate this study to Sixty two

(62) kindergarten parents who became her inspiration to pursue this

study.

Lastly, she want to dedicate this study to her professors

Dr. Esperanza B. Lusanta, and her evaluator Mr. Gabriel Roco for

their boundless advice, solid guidance, patience and giving their

time to make this study worth it.

All of them gave value assistance and without them, the

accomplishment of this study would not have been possible.

And above all, to our Almighty Father for his unlimited blessing.

R.P.H
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE……………………………………….…………..……....i

APPROVAL SHEET……………………………………….………….ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………….…….…iii

DEDICATION……………………………………….…………..……...iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………….….…...v

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………..vi

I. Context and Rationale………………………...…………….1

II. Brief Review of Literature………………………...…………5

III. Scope and Limitation………………………...…………..….16

IV. Significance of the Study………………………...……….…17

V. Research Question………………………...…………….….18

VI. Methodology…………………..…………...…………….…..19

Research Design
Subjects of the Study
Data Gathering Instrument
Data Gathering Procedure
Data Analysis Plan

VII. Results and Discussion………………………...…………..23

VIII. Conclusions and Recommendations……………………...32

References

Appendices
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Curriculum Vitae
vi

ABSTRACT

A kid’s education starts from home. Parents are their first

teachers and they have a key role in shaping up their character. A

balance of education at home and school molds a pupil’s actual

learning. The role of parents is very relevant and huge. In the amidst of

this pandemic there are several considerations that would require to

parents. This study tries to determine the role of parents in modular

distance learning process. The descriptive method of research is

applied and uses a self- constructed questionnaire to gather the

sufficient data. A total of 62 kindergarten parents in Nasi Elementary

School served as the respondents of this study. The statistical tools

used in treating the data were frequency distribution and weighted

mean.

Findings of the study showed that most of the respondents are

female, with the age cluster of 15-30, high school graduate and part

time employee with less than 10 000 monthly incomes.

Furthermore, the parent-respondents agreed that they play an

active role in Modular Distance Learning Process. They would be the

one to facilitate and guide their children through the modular lessons

that would be sent to students while doing remote learning.

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Parents are faced with difficulties in Modular Distance Learning in

terms of Keeping their Children on Task. This could be due to conflict

schedules since most of them are working part time.

Based on the findings of the study, the proposed innovative

activity, project PAVE (Pupils Appreciate and Value Education) can be

used by parent to further enlighten and strengthen the existing program

about the Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning. It must be

implemented, supported and worked on by each parent, teachers,

school head and other stakeholders.

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School

I. Context and Rationale

A kid’s education starts from home. Parents are their first

teachers and they have a key role in shaping up their character. A

balance of education at home and school molds a pupil’s actual

learning. Be a helping hand in their educational journey and travel

with t\hem with true inspiration. Parental encouragement had

played a crucial role in successful pupils. Their role is not limited

to home but involvement in school activities too.

According to Manila Times, 2020 parents have always

played a crucial role in their children’s intellectual development.

As parents they have an important task of ensuring that their

children receive quality education without menacing the health of

their children. Although education takes a major hit as classrooms

are forced to close their doors to eager students, countless

parents are stepping up to support their children who are

adjusting to the new set-up of learning education today.

Despite the harsh reality of the pandemic we are

experiencing right now, we Filipinos have a unique way of finding

means to survive and look at it with a different perspective.

People who have lost their jobs are now venturing into online-

selling as an alternative means of income. Others have quickly

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
shifted from regular office setup to work-from-home. COVID19

has changed the way we see and appreciate things. These

changes, no matter how hard it is for some, have turned into what

we call the new normal. It is an unprecedented event and no one

was prepared. It is a time when most educators would define as

going to battle unarmed and ready to lose.

However, the Department of Education has been firm on its

stand that “Learning must continue”. Different learning modalities

have been considered and explored making sure each will be the

best fit for student’s needs and interests in continuous learning.

For instance, Nasi Elementary School will utilize the Modular

Distance Learning in which printed materials will be given to the

students for them to study and answer. This is based on the

survey that parents answered on the enrollment forms, asking

them the resources they have at home and what their

preference/s would be. This is very new to everyone specially to

parents since they will take a big part in the new normal setup.

Learning will be moved to the students’ homes and parents will

somewhat take on the role of teachers. Due to these changes,

several concerns have been raised such as what kind of

instruction will be done at home, how will the parents manage

their children’s learning especially the toddlers, and what class

schedule will full-time working parents follow. Several questions

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
have been asked: How will the parents be able to manage to help

their kids learn while looking for ways to earn? How can they

teach their children if they have not finished tertiary education?

Some parents see this as an opportunity to be able to

monitor their children and to have more direct involvement on

their learning. This shows that parents are greatly concerned with

ensuring that despite the Covid-19 crisis, their children’s

education is still a priority. We learn as one as we heal as one.

Problems have arisen as to how pupils who do not have

stable internet connectivity will have access education amidst this

pandemic. Educators, pupils, most especially the parents have

different views on this issue, but the Department of Education

(DepEd) proposed different Modalities of Learning. One of which

is Modular Distance Learning. This mode of learning is a

response to the call for education among pupils who prefer the

traditional way of learning.

It takes a village to raise a child. It is the parent’s obligation

to guide their children in making decisions in life, and it starts by

giving time to them like when they need help in their school

assignments. In this scenario, the role of parents is really

essential in pursuing learner’s education this time of pandemic.

They will be the best partners of teachers to provide quality

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
education. The role of teachers is focused on the making of

modules. 4

Parents play vital role in holistic development of the child.

Parents are the first mentor of the child and the teacher is the

second. Both have an immense contribution and responsibility in

shaping child’s personality. They are the child’s first role model.

Children behave, react and imitate same as their parents. Parents

play important role in encouraging and motivating their kids to

learn. Good parental support helps child to be positive, healthy

and good life long learner. Children acquire skills at the very early

stage of their life if the parents are responsive and understanding.

Today, the challenge is to ensure that education will

continue during the present time of health crisis and in

compliance with the principles enunciated in Basic Education. In

taking up this challenge, parents are the partners of teachers to

continue the education of young learners.

The researcher has been in the field of teaching for many

years and she had a lot of encounters to different

issues/challenges in pursuing quality education.

Now as aspiring teacher, the research deemed it wise to

pay attention to the Role of Kindergarten Parents in Modular

Distance Learning Process. The researcher believes that in this

time of pandemic, parents will have the most contribution in

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
nurturing their children. Having that perception, the researcher felt

motivated to conduct this study. 5

II. Brief Review of Literature

Literature review is about locating and evaluating what has been

written relevant to the research title. Literature reviewing is an

appropriate step in the research process which makes the research

problem clear more so literature review helps a researcher to get

acquainted with relevant theories to tie to the investigation.

This portion presents the review of literature and studies about

the Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning Process which

provided the researcher with better insights in pursuing this

investigation. They are sorted out specifically as per the variables of the

study.

The researcher came up with the readings of conceptual literature

covering by concepts that are of vital importance to this study.

The Modular Distance Learning

Modular is a learning delivery modality where learning takes

place between the teacher and the learners who are geographically

remote from each other during instruction. This modality has three

types: Modular Distance Learning (MDL), Online

Distance Learning (ODL), and TV/Radio-Based Instruction.

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Distance learning is the process of learning from a remote

distance. This happens when one cannot physically be present in a

classroom or any other environment where teaching happens. The

study material is reached to the student by different means.

6

Distance learning, in the former days, was mainly by

correspondence through postal services. With the advent of technology,

distance learning encompasses a wider spectrum of online tutoring,

virtual classrooms and audio-video presentations.

In the study of Abuhassna and Yahaya (2018), they indicated that

the key challenge for teachers in a distance learning is the process of

applying the distance learning and its theoretical basis, as many are

unsure about how to go through this process with confidence. A

theoretical framework can be seen as a means to predict what to expect

in distance learning under particular conditions and circumstances, thus

providing enhanced practical application.

Many people have negative perceptions and conceptions about

distance learning education, considering it to be poor in performance.

Yet new tools and techniques such as distance learning, web-based

courses, learning management systems (LMS) and Module are

making significant contributions in the distance learning arena and

increasing students’ satisfaction (Ali, 2011). Distance learning is not a

new concept, and nor is research on this topic (Means, Toyama,

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Murphy & Baki, 2013; Simonson, Schlosser & Orellana, 2011).

Although distance and online learners have faced many challenges

historically, such as impersonal interactions and unsatisfying, (Lee,

Srinivasan, Trail, Lewis & Lopez, 2011; Paechter, Maier & Macher,

2010). Still the number of students signing up for distance learning

courses has increased dramatically over the past thirty years. With the

rapid expansion and increasing availability of material and

communication technologies, distance learning courses have

continued to improve, and new methods have been developed.

Luz (2020) says that distance learning is completely new to all

but a handful of private schools already attuned to online learning using

the internet. Most schools and students, however, have connectivity and

bandwidth limitations. Distance learning using school packets delivered

and collected weekly will have to be the immediate solution because

face-to-face contact carries with it the risk of spreading the coronavirus.

Modular Distance Learning features individualized instruction that

allows learners to use self-learning modules (SLMs) in print or digital

format/electronic copy, whichever is applicable to the learner. Learners

under Modular Distance Learning can also use other resources such as

Learner’s Materials, textbooks, activity sheets, study guides, and other

study materials.

Usually, teachers will have to deliver appropriate learning

materials. However, students can also access these materials by

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
downloading electronic copies through their computer, tablet PC, or

smartphone. The teacher takes the responsibility of monitoring the

progress of the learners. If possible, they will conduct home visits to

check on each student’s progress and performance. Likewise, learners

may ask for assistance from the teacher via email, telephone, text

message/instant messaging, etc. Parents or any member of the family,

on the other hand, may serve as a guide or para-teachers to learners at

home.

Modular teaching is one of the most widespread and recognizes

teaching learning techniques in United States, Australia and many other

Western countries including Asian region. Modular is used in almost all

subjects like natural science, especially in biology and medical

education and even in social sciences as well as in computers

education. All kinds of subjects are being taught through modules. It is a

recent development based on programmed learning; a well-established

and universally recognized phenomenon. It considering the individual

differences among the learners which necessitate the planning for

adoption of the most appropriate teaching techniques in order to help

the individual grow and develop at her/his own pace. (SEJPAL, 2013)

To make sure that learning remains unhampered, Department of

education (DepEd) will be implementing a distance learning approach

– a learning delivery mode where interaction takes place between the

teacher and the students who are geographically remote from each
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
other during instruction. This means lessons will be delivered outside

the traditional face-to-face setup. As technology and internet

connectivity remain a problem for most students, DepEd will be

providing printed module materials for them.

9

The modular approach situates Filipino students to learn in the

comfort of their homes. Limited contacts with teachers will place parents

or guardians as the learner’s model or the More Knowledgeable Other.

(Vygotsky)

According to DepEd Memorandum No.146, s. 2020, Modular

Distance Learning (MDL) it involves individualized instruction that allows

learners to use self-learning modules (SLMs) in print or digital

format/electronic copy, whichever is applicable in the context of the

learner, and other learning resources like Learner’s Materials,

textbooks, activity sheets, study guides and other study materials.

Learners access electronic copies of learning materials on a computer,

tablet PC, or smartphone. CDs, DVDs, USB storage and computer-

based applications can all be used to deliver e-learning materials,

including offline E-books. The teacher takes the responsibility of

monitoring the progress of the learners. The learners may ask

assistance from the teacher via e-mail, telephone, text message/instant

messaging, etc. Where possible, the teacher shall do home visits to

learners needing remediation or assistance. Any member of the family

or other stakeholder in the community needs to serve as para-teachers.

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School 10

Nevertheless, the Printed Modular Distance Learning is the most

popular mode of distance learning. It is a set of learning opportunities

that is organized around a well-defined topic which contains the

elements of instructions, specific objective, teaching learning activities

and evaluation. It is being preferred by many learners as the best

modality. It entails the least financial obligation on the part of the

learners. Gadgets are not needed to perform tasks. The learners simply

use the printed copy of the Self-Learning Modules (SLMs). It allows

them to use the self-contained package of learning activities intended to

understand certain lessons. Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) are also in

printed format.

As cited in the MoE (Ministry of Education)2013 of Ethiopia,

Modular approach is an emerging trend educational thinking that shifts

traditional method of instruction to an outcome-based learning

paradigm.

Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning Process

Parents play vital role in holistic development of the child. Parents

should give direction, impose rules, use discipline, set limits, establish

and follow through with consequences, hold their children accountable

for their behavior, and teach values. Parents should also involve

themselves in their child’s education

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
According to the study of Richard E. Tremblay (2015), as playing

an important role in providing a strong foundation for children, parents

have an influence on the development, maintenance, or cessation of

children’s positive and/or negative behaviors. Considering the fact that

parenting skills can be acquired and passed on from one generation to

another, continuous efforts to improve the quality of caregiving are

important.
11

Parent’s role is to make possible learning of such actions walking

and talking, reading and writing. To facilitate learning of these activities,

a parent should have patience and understanding. The main goal here

is to provide the children with the best possible education.

In the study of Harding (2011), he indicated that parent’s role as

home educators are similar to some of the roles of classroom teachers.

Both are members of educational partnerships to achieve educational

outcomes, one partnership is institutionalized within the structure of the

school and the other within the structure of the home. A third similarity is

that both and also seek to teach children.

According to Jaiswal (2017) parents play a dynamic role in

nurturing their children’s educational development. They provide

financial support, emotional support, motivational support and facilitate

the sources for studying and encouraging the achievement. For

teachers, parents can serve as educational partners by assisting them

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
in developing students’ full academic potential and monitoring the

quality of teaching facilities available in school.

12

By the Australian Government (2020), to ensure that every

parent can play a positive role in their child's learning, school

community, sport, and social life, parents and careers, school and

communities should work together. When schools and families work

together, children do better, stay in school longer, are more engaged

with their school work, behave better, and have better social skills. This

will also have a results in longer term economic, social and emotional

benefits.

Servito (2020) says that parents are partners of teachers in

education. They are home facilitators, but they will not teach the subject

matter. It is the teacher’s duty to teach. The parent’s primary role in

modular learning is to establish a connection and guide the child. As

More Knowledgeable Other parents should be responsible for

interacting with teachers, barangay representatives, and other

stakeholders to acquire the various materials and resources needed by

the learner. Parents should regularly child’s workweek plan and make

sure that the learner sticks to their schedule. They should also prepare

a conducive learning study space for the learners and give appropriate

praises, encouragement, and rewards to heighten their child’s

motivation to learn.
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Difficulties Encountered by the Parents in Modular Distance
Learning 13

Despite the harsh reality of the pandemic we are experiencing

right now, we Filipinos have a unique way of finding means to survive

and look at it with a different perspective. People who have lost their

jobs are now venturing into online-selling as an alternative means of

income. Others have quickly shifted from regular office setup to work-

from-home. COVID19 has changed the way we see and appreciate

things. These changes, no matter how hard it is for some, have turned

into what we call the new normal. It is an unprecedented event and no

one was prepared. It is a time when most educators would define as

going to battle unarmed and ready to lose.

However, the Department of Education has been firm on its stand

that “Learning must continue”. Different learning modalities have been

considered and explored making sure each will be the best fit for

student’s needs and interests in continuous learning. For instance, the

Modular Distance Learning in which printed materials will be given to

the students for them to study and answer was utilized. This is based on

the survey that parents answered on the enrollment forms, asking them

the resources they have at home and what their preference/s would be.

Other schools have opted to Online Distance Learning where classes

and submission of materials and homework are done online.

This is very new to everyone especially to parents since they will

take a big part in the new normal setup. Learning will be moved to the
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
students’ homes and parents will somewhat take on the role of

teachers. Due to these changes, several concerns have been raised

such as what kind of instruction will be done at home, how will the

parents manage their children’s learning especially the toddlers, and

what class schedule will full-time working parents follow. Several

questions have been asked: How will the parents be able to manage to

help their kids learn while looking for ways to earn? How can they teach

their children if they have not finished tertiary education? 14

While these parents are open to adjusting with the new normal

setup, their concerns are valid, but parents have nothing to worry about

because the teachers will still be facilitating the students’ learning by

being the ever ready learning consultants. They will also help the

parents and the learners go through the modules and worksheets both

online and offline.

Although maintaining a consistent routine is advisable, several

factors can make this difficult, such as not having access to the required

technology, busy parents working from home, sick relatives, and other

varying circumstances; therefore, trying to implement a traditional

school schedule virtually can be impossible. Something that both

parents and students should "unlearn" at this time is that a virtual

program and a traditional one are not the same. In addition, the pace of

distance learning is different; the structure of a typical day is very

different from one at home and even more so when there is a

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
contingency, and all the family members have to live together 24 hours

at home.
15

At school, students have a structured schedule that consists of

recess time, time lost while walking through school hallways, talking to

classmates, and other situations are things that do not happen in a

virtual school program. So how much time should students spend

studying at home? Psychiatrist Colette Poole-Boykin (2012), advises

that to know how much time a child should spend on a task, one should

multiply the child's age by 2 to 5 minutes, and the result approximates

the amount of time the child can stay focused.

Potential obstacles

Parents and guardians will face various challenges in fulfilling

their roles as MKOs (More Knowledgeable Others). The first challenge

lies in the fact that parents and guardians have varying skills,

knowledge, and qualifications. Most of the parents are high school

graduates, and only few of the parent population finished college. While

some are literate enough to be functional to the community, it does not

mean they are already qualified to teach. To ensure the content’s

uniformity, equality, and quality, teachers should deliver while aided by

parents.

Existing research also shows the interconnectedness of parents’

educational level and their income. Educated parents earn more, and
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
can escape poverty and benefit from a better quality of life.

Furthermore, parents’ educational attainment can heighten their feelings

of competence and confidence in guiding their children’s education. It

manifests in different ways, such as being more proactive in checking

their child’s performance through parents-teachers association (PTA)

meetings, providing their child’s educational necessities, and other

parental-educational duties.
16

Another challenge pertains to children’s ability to learn by

imitation. In his Social Learning Theory, behaviorist Albert Bandura

(2018) says that learners learn by imitation, observation, and modeling.

With parents as the primary models of learners, their attitudes, specific

beliefs, thoughts, and feelings—cognitive biases—may affect each

learner’s learning process. It may be intentionally or unintentionally

shown or taught by the MKOs, depending on their understanding of a

particular lesson or subject matter. One instance can be when a

creationist parent (a parent who religiously believes that all things

originated from divine creation) is against their child learning a science

lesson on evolution.

The final challenge of learning falls under children having

preferred MKOs. They choose who will assist them with their lessons

and assignments, depending on their attachment with that MKO. Some

children like to be taught by their mother or father, or sometimes by their

older siblings. Learners learn better when there is a suitable and safe
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
space for learning. This conducive space is not limited to a physical

one; the MKO must give a warm atmosphere for the learner to love

learning even at home.

All these are the challenges posed by the differences of MKOs in

terms of expertise, educational attainment, cognitive biases, and even

emotional connection to the learner.

III. Scope and Limitation

The focus of the study is to assess the Role of Kindergarten

Parents in Nasi Elementary School in Modular Distance Learning.

17

The descriptive method of research was utilized in the study be

employed by the researcher and the questionnaire as the main data

gathering instrument. This action research did not include the parents of

grade one to six. Also was delimited to private schools and other public

school offering the Modular Distance Learning.

This study was limited to 62 parents of kindergarten pupils in Nasi

Elementary School.

IV. Significance of the Study

Parents play a crucial role in supporting their child’s education.

This study is deemed beneficial to the following:

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
To Administrators, regarding this study, he will ensure an

enabling and supportive environment for effective learning to happen

which will be possible if he know the roles and challenges encountered

by the parents in modular distance learning.

To Teachers, through this study, they will be having ideas on

what strategies they can be able to use to enhance parent and teacher

partnership in children’s education

To Parents, this will serve as an assurance to motivate their

children kept on task and a bird’s eye view of the parents to continue to

be involved in their kid’s school work and ensure that they are engaged

in their educational environment as well as supporting their learning

along the way.

18

To Pupils, with this study, they will be motivated and make

enthusiasm in the learning process and they will be able to create more

enjoyable and meaningful learning guided by the teacher and especially

by their parents.

To Future Researcher, this study would help the researchers to

be aware and knowledgeable about parent’s role in children’s education

especially in this kind of learning modality. It would help them to be a

better analyst and it can be a help as a future reference for more

studies in the future.

V. Research Question
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
This study aims to assess Role of Kindergaten Parents in

Modular Distance Learning.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the parents as to:

a. Gender

b. Age

c. Educational attainment

d. Occupation

e. Monthly Income

2. What are the different role of parents in modular distance

learning process as perceived by kindergarten parents?

3. What are the difficulties encountered by the parents in

modular distance learning? 19

4. Based from the results, what innovative activities maybe

propose to strengthen the role of parents?

VI. Methodology

This section covers research methodology. It’s organized

under the following sub heading: research design, subject of the

study, data gathering instruments, data gathering procedure, data

analysis plan and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
This study used the descriptive and correlation methods of

research since it aims to assess the Role of Kindergarten Parents

in Modular Distance Learning. Descriptive research, according to

Aranda, 2011 describes data and characteristics about the

population or phenomenon being studied. It answers the

questions, who, what, where, when and how. In this research,

the said method is used to describe the Role of Kindergarten

Parents in Modular Distance Learning. It is believed that

descriptive research is the applicable process to be utilized.

Subjects of the Study

The populations of the study were the 62 parents of the

responding schools. There’s no sampling procedure use, the number of

respondents was manageable.

20

Data Gathering Instrument

Questionnaire. To generate the needed information that would meet

the objective of the study, the researchers use the questionnaires as a

tool to assess the Role of Kindergarten in Modular Distance Learning.

Construction. Before constructing the questionnaire, the

researcher read several references and unpublished materials. The

researcher surfed the internet for more information about the topic

under study. The researcher provided a draft of the questionnaire. The

draft was forwarded to the adviser for some comments and

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
suggestions. After the researcher had incorporated the suggestions,

they prepared copies of the letter of request for the experts as

instrument validators.

Validation. To establish the content validity of the questionnaire,

the researcher presented copies of such to the expert of the subject

under study for their comments and suggestions. After incorporating the

comments and suggestions of the validators, the researcher then

presented the questionnaire for final checking.

After they had established the validity of the questionnaire, the

researcher prepared it for distribution. 21

Administration. The copies of the questionnaire were personally

administered to the respondents. The researcher explained in detail

what to do in answering the questionnaire. The questionnaire was

distributed to the Kindergarten parents in Nasi Elementary School. The

researcher, then collected the accomplished questionnaire from the

respondents. The gathered information and data were tallied, analyzed,

tabulated and interpreted.

Scoring. The data were then interpreted in terms on the criteria

on the following scale:

Scale Verbal Interpretation

3.50 – 4.00 Very Great Extent (VGE)

2.50 – 3.49 Great Extent (GE) / Partially Implemented (PI)

1.50 – 2.49 Little Extent (LE) / Not Implemented (NI)

1.00 – 1.49 Very Little Extent (VLE)
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School

Data Gathering Procedure

To be able to continue with this study, the following steps were given

consideration:

A request to conduct the study was sought from the

School Head for the distribution of the copies of questionnaire to the

target respondents. Upon the approval of the letter. She also wrote

formal letters to the school head of the schools concerned stating the

request that for permission to distribute the copies of the instrument to

the teacher and pupil respondents of this study.

Prior to the distribution of the questionnaires, she gathered the

data from the dummy respondents and asked the help of the statistician

in testing the internal consistency. The researcher waited for the

approval of the distribution of questionnaires from her statistician. 22

The researcher personally distributed the instrument to the target

respondents and retrieved the accomplished questionnaire after one

week.

The responses of the respondents were tallied by the researcher

using the MS Excel and forwarded the data to the statistician. The

researcher analyzed and interpreted the data in the context of

statement of the problem of the study.

Data Analysis Plan

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Data analysis is the breaking down of data into consistent

parts to obtain answers to research questions. Editing to ensure

accuracy and reliability of the information contained in transcripts will be

done to raise accuracy of information and ensuring that all desired

information is conceptualized (Korobo and Tromp, 2006)

The responses from the questionnaires observations forms were

organized using frequency and weighted mean. After careful

examination of questionnaire,

describing and analyzing their importance to research as captured from

data purposely will be used to draw conclusions.

Statistical and Treatment of Data

The researcher used the appropriate tools to analyze the data

gathered from the teacher respondents. 23

Frequency Distribution. This tool was used to consolidate all

the data gathered after administering the instrument.

Weighted Mean. This was used to determine the typicality of

the respondents chosen from the options in the given scale on the

teacher

respondents’ responses to the questionnaire items provided in the

research instrument.

VII. Results and Discussion

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
This part presents the result and discussion of the study given by

the researcher.

1. Profile of the Respondents

TABLE 1

Distribution of Respondents in terms of Gender

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 19 30.65%
Female 43 69.35%

Total 62 100%

Table 1 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of gender.

It can be inferred from the table that majority of the parent respondents

are female composed to be 49 or 69.35 percent. The remaining 19 or

30.65 percent were male.

24

TABLE 2

Distribution of Respondents in terms of Age

Age bracket Frequency Percentage

15-30 39 62.90%
31-45 23 37.10%
46-60 0

Total 62 100%
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Table 2 presents the profile of the respondents in terms of age.

Thirty-nine or 26.90 percent are in the range of 15-30 and twenty-three

or 37.10 percent who are in the 31-45 age. No respondents are 46-60

years old.

TABLE 3

Distribution of Respondents in terms of Educational Attainment

Educational Frequency Percentage

Attainment
Elementary 27 43.55 %
High School 32 51.61 %
Bachelor’s
Degree 2 3.23 %
Master’s Degree 1 1.61 %
Others 25
Total 62 100%

Table 3 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of

educational attainment. It can be inferred from the table that most of

the parent-respondents comprised of 27 or 43.55% are elementary

graduate while thirty - two or 51.61 percent of the respondents are high

school graduate.

TABLE 4

Distribution of Respondents in terms of Occupation/ Employment Status

Frequency Percentage
Full Time 2 3.23 %
Part Time 45 72.58 %
Self employed 11 17.74 %
Not working 4 6.45 %

Total 62 100%
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Table 4 displays the distribution of respondents in terms of

occupation or employment status. It can be gleaned that most of the

parents are part time, composed of 45 or 72.58 percent. Self- employed

parents are 11 or 17.74%. There are 4 or 6.45% who are not working

and only 2 or 3.23% of the respondents are full time.

TABLE 5

Distribution of Respondents in terms of Monthly Income

Frequency Percentage
Less than 10 000 38 61.69 %
10 000 - 15 000 22 35.48 %
20 000 - 25 000 1 1.61 %
30 000 - 35 000 1 1 .61 %
More than 40000 0
26
Total 62 100%

Table 5 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of Monthly

Income. It can be inferred from the table that majority of the parents

earned less than 10 000 composed of 38 or 61.69 % while twenty- two

or 35.48% percent of the respondents earned from 10 000 to 15 000.

Only 1 or 1.61 % earned more than 30 000 a month.

2. Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning

2.1.Table 6 discuss the assessment of teacher respondents on

the Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning. Based on the results,

respondents perform their role as a parent often times with a composite

mean of 3.04.
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
Table 6

Role of Parents in Modular Distance Learning

Weighte Verbal
Items
d Mean Interpretation

1.Take care of your child and facilitate

and guide children through the modular
lessons 4.11 A

2. Encourage physically activity and

exercise 3.03 O

3. Check in with your child adviser or

teacher 3.02 O

4. Sit in on classes with your child 2.66 S

5. Help your child establish and stick to

a routine 2.40 S

Composite Mean 3.04 O

Legend : O – Often
27

This table reflects the assessment of the respondents on the Role

of Parents in Modular Distance Learning. The data revealed that the 5

items with composite mean of 3.04 with verbal implementation of Often

times. Highest rank is Take care of your child and guide them through

the modular lessons with the weighted mean of 4.11 and verbal

interpretation of Always. Rank 2 is Encourage physically activity and

exercise weighted mean of 3.03 and verbal interpretation of Often

times. Meanwhile, check in with your child adviser or teacher ranked 3

with weighted mean of 3.02 with verbal interpretation of Often, while the
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
lowest rank is Help your child establish and stick to a routine with a

weighted mean of 2.40 and verbal interpretation of Sometimes.

In a distance learning approach, parents would have to play an

active role in the learning process. They would be the one to facilitate

and guide their children through the modular lessons that would be sent

to students while doing remote learning.

2.2. Ways in which Parents Can Adopt to help Child’s

Education. Table presents the assessed ways in which parents

can adopt to help child’s education. Based on the results, parent

respondents perceived that Monitoring child’s learning and not forcing

them to do anything but do a proper monitoring about the learning at

home with a composite mean of 3.07. The most observed way is

providing pleasant atmosphere while the least is helping with home

assignments. Give good support to kids in their study. 28

Table 7

Ways in which Parents Can Adopt to help Child’s Education

Weighte Verbal
Items
d Mean Interpretation

1. Monitor child’s learning. Don’t force

them to do anything but do a proper
monitoring about the learning at home 3.19 GE

2. Provide pleasant atmosphere 3.19 GE

3. Be a role model 3.02 GE

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
4. over scheduling 3.13 GE

5. Give constructive criticism. Have

some patience and give only
constructive criticism if you notice any
don sides. Make them understand what
is right and wrong rather than simply
blaming them. 3.06 GE

6.Set a side time for kids 3.06 GE

7.Do things together and give sense of

support and confidence 3 GE

8.Oversee child’s activity. Have an eye

on the child’s activity in school and
home. 2.97 GE

9.Reward them for results. Give your

child good motivation to perform better
with studies.

10.Help with home assignments. Give

good support to kids in their study. 2.92

GE

Composite Mean 3.07 GE

Legend : GE – Great Extent
29

Highest in rank is the item “Monitor child’s learning. Don’t force

them to do anything but do a proper monitoring about the learning at

home” with the weighted mean of 3.19 and verbal interpretation of Great

Extent, while the lowest in rank is “Help with home assignments. Give

good support to kids in their study” with a weighted mean of 2.92 and

verbal interpretation of Great Extent.

( Teach.com,2015), Learning doesn’t end in the classroom, yet

most parents are at a loss when it comes to supporting their children’s

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
intellectual development. Many try to do too well and hover around them

when they do homework, which can stifle creativity and self-

development. Others let them roam free and hardly monitor their

progress.

Yet, studies are unanimous: children are more successful at

school when parents are involved. Better yet, teachers, too, are

positively affected when parents take interest. That’s because involved

parents promote positive classroom behavior, make sure children do

their homework, help them be more organized, enforce disciplinary

measures, and validate their effort.

3. Difficulties Encountered by Parents in Modular Distance

Learning.

It is truly challenging for parents to advocate the need of their

children in Modular Distance Learning. First of all, study shows that the

parental involvement in school activities

30

and programs is declining over the years. With this scenario, it is very

difficult for teachers to reach out to parents.

Table 8

Difficulties Encountered by Parents in Modular Distance Learning

Weighte Verbal
Items
d Mean Interpretation
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
1. Keeping Children on task 3.23 A

2. Conflict with schedules 3.19 O

3. Conflict with siblings 3.08 O

4. Keeping their child focused on

school work instead of other activities 2.74 S

5. Balancing Household responsibilities

and teaching
2.71
6. Balance working from home and
teaching 2.66 S

7. Establishing a wake-up and bed

time schedule 2.66 S

Composite Mean 2.89 O

Based on the results presented in table 7, respondents are

experiencing the difficulties in Modular Distance Learning Process with

a composite mean of 2.89 and verbal interpretation Often times.

31

The challenge that has the highest rank is “Keeping Children on

task” with a weighted mean of 3.23 and verbal interpretation of Always,

while the challenge with the lowest rank is “Establishing a wake-up and

bed time schedule” with a weighted mean of 2.66 and verbal

interpretation of Sometimes.

4. Proposed Innovative Implementation Activity

As an output of the study the designed program PROJECT PAVE

(Pupils Appreciate and Value Education) with its accomplished action

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
plan will make pupils, parents and teachers to be more knowledgeable

about the role of parents in modular distance learning, they will also

gain insights regarding on how to keep every child on their school task,

appreciate and value education.

The findings revealed that parents are encountering difficulties in

modular distance learning process. This could be due to conflict

schedules since most of them are working parents, that’s why the

researcher proposed an innovative implementation activity, which to

implement to strengthen the role of parents in modular distance

learning.

32

V. Conclusions and Recommendations

This part presents the conclusions and recommendations of the

study.

Conclusions
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
The following conclusions were drawn based on the findings.

1. Most of the respondents are female, with the age cluster of 15-

30 ,high school graduate and part time employee with less than 10 000

monthly income.

2. Parents play an active role in Modular Distance Learning Process.

They would be the one to facilitate and guide their children through the

modular lessons that would be sent to students while doing remote

learning.

3. Parents are faced with difficulties in Modular Distance Learning in

terms of Keeping their Children on Task. This could be due to conflict

schedules since most of them are working part time.

4. An innovative activity that focuses on strengthening the Role of

Parents in Modular Distance Learning should be recommended.

33

Recommendations

The researcher came up with the following recommendations:

1. The proposed innovative activity, project PAVE (Pupils

Appreciate and Value Education can be used by parent to further

 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School
enlighten and strengthen the existing program about the Role of

Parents in Modular Distance Learning.

2. Provide activities that sustain the role of parents in modular

distance learning. Deal also with the weaknesses of the implementation

and how to resolve those.

3. Implementation and support to the program may be worked

on by each parent, teachers, school head and other stakeholders.

CURRICULUM VITAE

RITA PANGILINAN HERNANDEZ

Brgy. Nasi, Rosario Batangas
rita.hernandez@deped.gov.ph
(+63936)-963-8465
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School

Personal Information

Date of Birth : May 22, 1984

Age : 36 years old

Civil Status : Married

EDUCATION

: MASTER OF EDUCATION – EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Golden Gate Colleges – Graduate School

Batangas City

2020

: BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION-BEED

University of Batangas

Hilltop Road, Kumintang Ibaba, Batangas City

2004

: BATANGAS EASTERN ACADEMY

High School Diploma, 2000

San Juan, Batangas

: NASI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Elementary School Diploma, 1996

San Juan, Batangas

ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE
 Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School

: Permanent Teacher I

Nasi Elementary School

September 21, 2015 – Present

: Permanent Teacher I

Matipok Elementary School

June 3, 2013 – August 20, 2015

: Provincial School Board Teacher

Madalunot Elementary School

June 1, 2011 – May 31, 2013

PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATIONS / CERTIFICATIONS

: LICENSURE EXAMINATION FORTEACHERS

PRC ID # 1013324
February 02, 2009
Golden Gate Colleges Graduate School