TRIVIA TIME!

What is the fastest land animal in the world?

Lion Quarter Horse Cheetah

 Who is the fastest human in the world?

Fredrick Lee Kerley Usain St. Leo Bolt Yohan Blake

 What is the fastest Flying bird in the world?

Peregrine Falcon Golden Eagle Rock Dove

 What is the fastest Running bird in the world?

Emu Ostrich Roadrunners

 What is the fastest Fish in the world?

Sailfish Marlin Swordfish

 What is the fastest animal in land?
1.

2. What is the advantage of cheetah as

predator?
Kinematic Quantities:
Speed, Velocity, and
Acceleration.

General Physics 1
 Objectives
1

Distinguish distance from displacement, and speed from velocity.

Compute the speed, velocity, and acceleration of moving bodies.

MECHANICS

❑ A field of physics that focuses on describing motion.

Two general parts:

1. Kinematics – is the mathematical description of motion.

2. Dynamics – is the study of the cause of motion.

MOTION

❑ It is defined as a continuous change of position with respect

to a certain reference point.
MOTION

It is defined as a continuous change of position with respect to

a certain reference point.
 Distance and Displacement

SCIENCE CLASS OLDMEAD SECONDARY SCHOOL

DISTANCE

❑ Distance refers to the total length of a path and is a scalar

quantity.
❑ How far?
DISPLACEMENT

❑ Displacement refers to the straight-line distance between the

initial position and final position.
❑ Vector quantity.

❑ How far and in what direction?

Sample Problem
 John walks 3 km north, then turns and walks 4 km east.

a) What is the total distance traveled?

b) What is the total displacement?

 Alvin travels 20km north, 30 km east, 20 km south, 30 km west
then stopped.
d= forward - backward

a) What is the total distance traveled?

b) What is the total displacement?

 Speed and Velocity

SCIENCE CLASS OLDMEAD SECONDARY SCHOOL

SPEED

❑ A scalar quantity that refers to “HOW FAST or HOW SLOW an

object is moving.
❑ The rate at which an object covers distance.
❑ It is the distance traveled divided by the time of travel;
therefore we will have the formula of:
𝑑
𝑣𝑆 =
𝑡
SPEED

❑ Speed at a particular moment is called instantaneous speed.

❑ The ratio of the total distance covered, and the total amount
of time traveled is called average speed.
Sample Problem
Ms. Anne runs 60s in the 100m race. What
is Ms. Anne’s speed?
A racecar is traveling at 85.0 m/s. How far does the car
travel in 30.0 s?
An athlete runs around a track that is 100 meters long
three times at 15m/s. How long it will take for an
athlete to finished the track?
VELOCITY

❑ The quantity that contains both the speed and the direction
of motion of a body.

❑ How fast and in what direction?

VELOCITY

𝑑
❑v =
𝑡

❑ Average velocity of the body in motion is defined as the total

displacement of the moving body divided by the time it takes
for that displacement.
Sample Problem
Andrea walks 600 meters to the left in 22
seconds. What is her velocity?
Given: displacement- 600 meters to the left
time- 22 seconds.
 ACCELERATION

SCIENCE CLASS OLDMEAD SECONDARY SCHOOL

ACCELERATION

❑ It is the measure of how fast or slow velocity changes.

❑ A body accelerates whenever there is a change in velocity, a

change in the direction of motion of the body, or a change in
both speed and direction.
ACCELERATION

𝑐h𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛=
𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

∆𝑣 𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣𝑜
𝑎= =
∆𝑡 ∆𝑡
❑ Where 𝑣𝑓 and 𝑣𝑜 are the final and initial velocities,
respectively, and ∆𝑡 is the elapsed time.
ACCELERATION

❑ When a body speeds up, its final velocity is greater than its
initial velocity. Therefore, the acceleration is positive.

❑ The acceleration is negative when a body slows down, it is

called deceleration.
You can feel acceleration!

If you’re moving at 500mph

east without turbulence,
there is no acceleration.

But if the plane hits an air pocket and drops 500 feet in
2 seconds, there is a large change in acceleration and
you will feel that!

It does not matter whether you speed up or

slow down; it is still considered a change in
acceleration.
Sample Problem
 Calculating Acceleration
As a roller-coaster car starts
down a slope, its speed is 4
m/s. But 3 seconds later, at
the bottom, its speed is 22
m/s. What is its average
acceleration?
What information have you
been given?
Initial speed = 4 m/s
Final Speed = 22 m/s
Time = 3 s
 If a speeding train hits the brakes and it takes
the train 39 seconds to go from 54.8 m/s to
12 m/s what is the acceleration?

This train is decelerating.

 LET’S REVIEW!
What is the difference of distance and displacement?
Speed and velocity?

What is the formula for speed? Velocity? Acceleration?