Test Bank For Inquiry Into Life 15th Edition

Test Bank for Inquiry into Life 15th Edition
To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-inquiry-into-life-15th-edition/
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Chapter 07 - Cellular Respiration
Chapter 07
Cellular Respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
1. If the carbons from glucose were radioactively labeled, what molecule(s) would end up
with the label?
A. pyruvate
B. citric acid
C. carbon dioxide
D. carbon dioxide and citrate
E. pyruvate and carbon dioxide
The carbons from the glucose are converted into carbon dioxide in the preparatory reaction.
During the citric acid cycle the carbons are incorporated into citrate before being released
into the carbon dioxide.
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 07.04.02 Summarize the inputs and outputs of the preparatory reaction, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport
chain.
Section: 07.04
Topic: Cellular Respiration
2. Cellular respiration involves all of the following except

A. the breakdown of molecules.
B. the release of energy.
C. the synthesis of ATP.
D. breathing in and out.
E. the release of carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration is the release of energy from molecules such as glucose accompanied by
the use of this energy to synthesize ATP molecules. It is an aerobic process that uses oxygen
and releases carbon dioxide. Do not confuse cellular respiration with the respiratory system.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 07.01.01 Describe the overall equation for cellular respiration.
Section: 07.01
7-1
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
3. Which of the following is a substrate of cellular respiration?

A. carbon dioxide
B. water
C. glucose
D. ATP
E. energy
Cellular respiration involves glucose + oxygen + ADP + P (substrates) going to carbon

dioxide + water + ATP (products).

Section: 07.01
4. Cellular respiration is an aerobic process. This means that it

A. uses energy.
B. produces energy.
C. requires carbon dioxide.
D. requires water.
E. requires oxygen.
An aerobic process is one that requires oxygen.

Section: 07.01
7-2
5. How efficient is the breakdown of one glucose via cellular respiration?

A. 100%
B. 58%
C. 39%
D. 20%
E. less than 10%
The breakdown of one glucose molecule results in 36-38 ATP or approximately 39% of the
potential energy within the glucose molecule. No reaction is 100% efficient.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 07.01
6. The equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 38 ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O represents which cellular
process?
A. glycolysis
B. electron transport system
C. citric acid cycle
D. photosynthesis
E. cellular respiration
This is the formula for cellular respiration—the breakdown of glucose plus oxygen to form
carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Section: 07.01
7-3
7. Which molecules are the products of aerobic respiration?

A. glucose and carbon dioxide
B. glucose and water
C. glucose and oxygen
D. lactate and carbon dioxide
E. carbon dioxide and water
Carbon dioxide and water (plus energy) are the products of aerobic respiration. Glucose plus
oxygen are the substrates.

Section: 07.01
8. Which molecules are the reactants or substrates for aerobic respiration?

A. glucose and carbon dioxide
B. lactate and oxygen
C. carbon dioxide and water
D. oxygen and glucose
E. glucose and water
Glucose and oxygen are the substrates for aerobic respiration. Carbon dioxide and water are
the products.

Section: 07.01
7-4
9. Why is ATP used as the energy molecule of the cell?

A. ATP is easy to synthesize within the cell.
B. ATP contains large amounts of energy so at least some of it can be used by the cell.
C. ATP contains just about the amount of energy required for most cellular reactions.
D. ATP is stored inside the cell where it is readily available whenever needed.
E. ATP can be broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
ATP contains just the right amount of energy necessary for most cellular reactions. It is not
stored within the cell or broken down into carbon dioxide and water. Although it is relatively
easy to synthesize, that does not make it a useful energy source.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Section: 07.01
Topic: ATP Yield
10. What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?

A. It is an electron carrier.
B. It produces the ATP.
C. It is an enzyme.
D. It provides the oxygen.
E. It provides the energy.
NAD+ is a coenzyme which functions as an electron carrier.

Learning Outcome: 07.01.02 Explain the role of electron carriers in respiration.
Section: 07.01
7-5
True / False Questions
11. NADH and FADH2 bring electrons to the electron transport chain during cellular
respiration.
TRUE
Both NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that bring electrons to the electron transport
chain during cellular respiration .

Section: 07.01
Topic: Electron Transport Chain
12. Which of the following does not describe the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?
A. It accepts two electrons.
B. It is a coenzyme.
C. It helps to oxidize the substrate.
D. It is reduced.
E. It provides the energy for the reaction.
NAD+ does not provide energy for cellular respiration.

Section: 07.01
7-6
13. Which of the following reactions is NOT part of the cellular respiration pathway?
A. glycolysis
B. citric acid cycle
C. Calvin cycle
D. electron transport chain
E. preparatory reaction (prep)
Cellular respiration includes glycolysis, the preparatory reaction, the citric acid cycle, and the
electron transport chain. The Calvin cycle is part of photosynthesis.

Learning Outcome: 07.01.03 Summarize the phases of cellular respiration and indicate where they occur in a cell.
Section: 07.01
14. Why is cellular respiration organized into four phases?

A. So that the energy within the glucose molecule can be released in a stepwise fashion.
B. So that it can take place within different cells.
C. So that most of the energy can be released as body heat.
D. So that oxidation can occur without reduction.
E. So that the body can make energy from different substrates.
The four phases of cellular respiration allow the energy of the glucose molecule to be
released in a stepwise fashion and converted into ATP. If the breakdown occurred all at once,
most of the energy would be released as heat. The body can make ATP from different
substrates but that is not the reason for the phases.

Section: 07.01
7-7
15. What is the correct order of phases in cellular respiration?

A. citric acid cycle, prep reaction, glycolysis, electron transport chain
B. electron transport chain, glycolysis, prep reaction, citric acid cycle
C. prep reaction, glycolysis, electron transport chain, citric acid cycle
D. glycolysis, prep reaction, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
E. glycolysis, citric acid cycle, prep reaction, electron transport chain
The order of phases in cellular respiration is glycolysis, prep reaction, citric acid cycle, and
electron transport chain.

Section: 07.01
16. Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

A. Glycolysis results in the release of carbon dioxide.
B. Glycolysis is a cyclical reaction.
C. Glycolysis is a reduction reaction where only glucose is reduced.
D. Glycolysis occurs twice per glucose molecule.
E. Glycolysis breaks glucose down to two pyruvate molecules.
Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvate molecules. It is an oxidation reaction

that produces 2 ATP.

Learning Outcome: 07.02.01 Describe the location and inputs and outputs of glycolysis.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-8
17. Glycolysis is likely to have evolved before the citric acid cycle and electron transport
chain because
A. it has an older fossil record.
B. it is found in all living organisms.
C. it occurs inside the mitochondria.
D. the process is found in all primitive bacteria but lacking in many advanced organisms.
E. it produces more ATP than do the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
Since all organisms, even the most simple, use glycolysis, it most likely evolved first.
Glycolysis does not require oxygen and the environmental conditions when cells evolved
were anaerobic.
Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
18. Where does glycolysis take place within the cell?

A. endoplasmic reticulum
B. nucleus
C. mitochondrial matrix
D. mitochondrial membrane
E. cytoplasm
Glycolysis takes place within the cytoplasm.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-9
19. The most efficient method to produce ATP in animal cells is by glycolysis.
FALSE
Glycolysis only results in a net of 2 ATP so it is not as efficient as the electron transport
chain.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
20. Glycolysis is linked to the citric acid cycle when oxygen is not available.
FALSE
If no oxygen is available, the end product of glycolysis is fermented. Glycolysis is only

linked to the citric acid cycle when oxygen is available.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
21. The final product of glycolysis is oxygen.

FALSE
The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-10
22. Why are two ATP needed to begin glycolysis?

A. to activate the glucose
B. to donate electrons to NAD+
C. to compensate for the lack of oxygen
D. to accept electrons from glucose
E. to move the reaction into the mitochondria
The two ATPs are used to activate the glucose by adding two high energy phosphate bonds.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
23. You have discovered an organism that lives inside the gastrointestinal tract and does not
contain a nucleus. Based on what you know of cellular respiration, how does it obtain its
energy?
A. photosynthesis
B. glycolysis
C. glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
D. photosynthesis and the citric acid cycle
E. glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain
All living organisms utilize glycolysis. Since it does not have a nucleus, it does not contain
mitochondria either, so it cannot use the citric acid cycle. Since it does not have access to
sunlight, it cannot photosynthesize.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-11
24. How many molecules are formed from the cleavage of glucose during the first step of
glycolysis? How many carbons are found in the resulting molecules?
A. 6 molecules, each with 2 carbons
B. 4 molecules, each with 3 carbons
C. 3 molecules, each with 4 carbons
D. 2 molecules, each with 3 carbons
E. 3 molecules, each with 2 carbons
Glucose is a 6-carbon molecule. It is broken into two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-

phosphate, each with three carbons.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
25. There is a net gain of four ATPs as a result of glycolysis.

FALSE
Four ATPs are formed from glycolysis, however two ATPs are used to activate the glucose,
resulting in a net gain of only two ATP.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-12
26. Which of the following best defines substrate-level ATP synthesis?

A. An enzyme passes a high-energy phosphate to ADP, resulting in ATP.
B. ATP is used to activate glucose for glycolysis.
C. An exergonic reaction is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP plus phosphate.
D. Oxidation of a substrate results in a high energy bond.
E. ATP is synthesized from adenosine plus three phosphates.
Substrate-level ATP synthesis results from the passing of a high-energy phosphate bond by
an enzyme to ADP. ATP is used to activate glucose and an exergonic reaction is used to drive
the synthesis of ATP, but those do not define substrate-level ATP synthesis.

Learning Outcome: 07.02.02 Explain why ATP is both an input and output of glycolysis.
Section: 07.02
Topic: ATP Yield
27. The final products of glycolysis are

A. 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH + H+.
B. 1 pyruvate and 2 ATP.
C. 1 pyruvate and 2 NADH + H+.
D. 2 ATP and 2 NADH + H+.
E. 2 pyruvate.
Glycolysis results in 2 ATP, 2 NADH + H+, and 2 pyruvate.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-13
28. Pyruvate contains less chemical energy than glucose.

TRUE
Glucose is broken down, releasing energy, during glycolysis. Therefore pyruvate does
contain less energy than glucose.

Section: 07.02
Topic: ATP Yield
29. Pyruvate is converted to a two-carbon acetyl group attached to coenzyme A (CoA), and
CO2 is given off. This phase is called
A. substrate-level ATP synthesis.
B. the preparatory reaction.
C. the electron transport chain.
D. the citric acid cycle.
E. fermentation.
This reaction is called the preparatory reaction.

chain.
Section: 07.04
Topic: Preparatory Reaction
7-14
30. Which is NOT correct about the preparatory reaction?

A. It connects glycolysis to the citric acid cycle.
B. CO2 is given off.
C. Pyruvate is converted to a two-carbon acetyl group.
D. NAD+ goes to NADH + H+ as acetyl-CoA forms.
E. The reaction occurs once per glucose molecule.
All of the statements are true, except that the reaction occurs twice per glucose molecule,
because one glucose is converted into 2 pyruvates.

chain.
Section: 07.04
31. Where does the preparatory reaction take place within the cell?
A. mitochondrial matrix
B. mitochondrial cristae
C. nucleus
D. cytoplasm
E. endoplasmic reticulum
The preparatory reaction takes place within the mitochondrial matrix.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-15
32. The molecule that is found at the beginning and end of the citric acid cycle is
A. four-carbon molecule.
B. pyruvate.
C. lactate.
D. glucose.
E. RuBP.
The first and last molecule in the citric acid cycle is a C4 molecule. Pyruvate is the last
molecule of glycolysis while glucose is the first molecule of glycolysis. Lactate is a
fermentation production and RuBP is in the Calvin cycle.

chain.
Section: 07.04
Topic: Citric Acid Cycle/Krebs Cycle
33. Which pathway in cellular respiration will produce ATP, NADH2, and carbon dioxide?
A. glycolysis
B. preparatory reaction
E. photosynthesis
Only the citric acid cycle produces all three products.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-16
34. Which stage(s) will produce carbon dioxide in cellular respiration?

A. glycolysis
B. both the preparatory reaction and the citric acid cycle
D. both glycolysis and the electron transport chain
E. both the preparatory reaction and the citric acid cycle
Both the preparation reaction and the citric acid cycle produce carbon dioxide.

chain.
Section: 07.04
35. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
B. The citric acid cycle begins and ends with pyruvate.
C. NADH2 will eventually produce three ATP molecules.
D. Aerobic respiration of glucose has four phases.
E. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
The citric acid cycle begins and ends with a C4 molecule.

Learning Outcome: 07.04.03 Identify how each stage of the aerobic pathway contributes to the generation of ATP in a cell.
Section: 07.04
7-17
36. For the complete respiration of one molecule of glucose, the citric acid cycle must turn a
total of
A. one time.
B. two times.
C. three times.
D. four times.
E. six times.
Because two pyruvate are formed from one glucose molecule, the citric acid cycle must turn
two times per glucose molecule.

chain.
Section: 07.04
37. An acetyl group contains how many carbons?

A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
E. six
An acetyl group contains two carbons. Pyruvate is converted into one acetyl group (two
carbons) and one carbon dioxide molecule (one
carbon).

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-18
38. The number of ATPs produced directly as a result of one turn of the citric acid cycle is
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 12.
D. 14.
E. 16.
Each turn of the citric acid cycle produces one ATP. Per glucose molecule, two ATPs are
formed.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
39. How many NADH + H+ are produced by the citric acid cycle per turn?
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
E. six
Three NADH + H+ molecules are produced during one turn of the citric acid cycle.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-19
40. Which is a correct association of mitochondrion structure and phase of cellular

respiration?
A. matrix - electron transport chain
B. cristae - preparatory reaction
C. matrix - citric acid cycle
D. matrix - glycolysis
E. cristae - glycolysis
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. The preparatory reaction and citric acid cycle occur in
the matrix, while the electron transport chain occurs in the cristae.

Learning Outcome: 07.04.01 Recognize the role of the mitochondria in cellular respiration.
Section: 07.04
41. Some desert organisms can live out their life without ever drinking liquid water. What
phase(s) of cellular respiration could provide the organism with water?
A. glycolysis
B. citric acid cycle
C. electron transport chain
D. glycolysis and electron transport chain
E. citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
Both glycolysis and the electron transport chain produce water.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-20
42. What phase(s) of cellular respiration produce(s) NADH + H+?

A. glycolysis
B. preparatory reaction
D. glycolysis and preparatory reaction
E. glycolysis, preparatory reaction, and citric acid cycle
All three phases of these reactions produce NADH + H+.

chain.
Section: 07.04
43. The final acceptor for hydrogen ions in aerobic cellular respiration is
A. oxygen.
B. pyruvate.
C. CoA.
D. glucose.
E. carbon dioxide.
Oxygen takes the hydrogen ions and becomes water.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-21
44. The production of ATP as a result of an electrochemical gradient is called

A. glycolysis.
B. substrate-level phosphorylation.
C. chemiosmosis.
D. deamination.
E. oxidative phosphorylation.
Chemiosmosis is when ATP production is tied to an electrochemical gradient, as in

mitochondria.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
45. Which of the following would not slow down the electron transport system's production
of ATP?
A. Limit the amount of oxygen available.
B. Decrease use of ATP and thus reduce available ADP.
C. Reduce synthesis of NAD+ and FAD.
D. Add an NADH reductase inhibitor.
E. Increase the pumping of hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.
Increasing the pumping of hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space would actually
increase the amount of ATP produced.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
7-22
46. If we developed a molecule that blocked the ATP channel protein, what would be the first
immediate effect?
A. accumulation of ATP in the mitochondrial matrix
B. accumulation of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix
C. no energy to pump hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space of a mitochondrion
D. reversal of the hydrogen ion gradient
E. immediate blockage of the cytochrome molecules
The ATP channel protein allows ATP to leave the mitochondrial matrix and enter the
intermembrane space. Therefore, if it were blocked, ATP would accumulate in the matrix.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
47. The carriers of the electron transport chain are located

A. in the matrix of the mitochondria.
B. on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
C. on the cristae of the mitochondria.
D. within the intermembrane space.
E. within the cytoplasm of the cell.
The electron transport chain carriers are located within the mitochondrial cristae.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-23
48. Why does chemiosmosis require a membrane?

A. to anchor proteins within the mitochondria
B. because the phospholipids are involved in the electron transport chain
C. to separate two compartments of the cell to allow for gradient formation
D. to generate H+ from water
E. to provide a large surface area
Chemiosmosis requires two separate compartments to allow for the formation of a gradient.
The membrane is similar to using a dam to hold back water in order to generate electricity.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
49. The ATP synthase complex is located in the

A. cytoplasm outside the mitochondria.
B. matrix inside the mitochondria.
C. cristae of the mitochondria.
D. outer membrane of the mitochondria.
E. plasma membrane of the cell.
The ATP synthase complex is in the cristae of the mitochondria.

chain.
Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
7-24
50. The largest number of ATP molecules is produced in which phase of cellular respiration?
A. glycolysis
B. preparation reaction
E. Calvin cycle
The electron transport chain produces the most ATP: 32-34 ATP.

Section: 07.04
51. Why does FADH2 result in fewer ATP than NADH + H+?
A. FADH2 only contains one electron.
B. FADH2 only contains one hydrogen ion.
C. FADH2 drops its electrons off lower on the electron transport chain.
D. FADH2 drops its electrons off higher on the electron transport chain.
E. FADH2 drops its electrons off to oxygen.
FADH2 drops its electrons off lower on the electron transport chain than does NADH + H+.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
7-25
52. In cellular respiration, what is the relationship between the energy content of the reactants
(glucose and O2) and products (CO2 and H2O)?
A. The energy content of the reactants (glucose and O2) must equal the energy content of the
products (CO2 and H2O).
B. The energy content of the reactants (glucose and O2) must be greater than the energy
content of the products (CO2 and H2O).
C. The energy content of the reactants (glucose and O2) must be less than the energy content
of the products (CO2 and H2O).
D. There is no relationship between the energy content of the reactants (glucose and O2) and
the energy content of the products (CO2 and H2O).
E. There is no relationship between O2 and H2O, but the energy content of glucose is less
than that of CO2.
Glucose is a high-energy molecule while carbon dioxide is low energy. The energy content
of the reactants is greater than that of the products because ATP is formed.

chain.
Section: 07.04
53. The energy difference between the reactant glucose and oxygen molecules and the
product water and carbon dioxide is 686 kilocalories, yet the 36 ATP molecules produced are
only storing 263 kilocalories in their outermost phosphate bond. The rest of the energy went
A. to the ADP fragment of the ATP molecule.
B. into providing the energy for life.
C. to power the electron transport chain.
D. to provide heat that is soon lost from the organism.
E. nowhere, but was destroyed.
The remainder of the energy is lost as heat. Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
7-26
54. All of the ATP molecules formed by the complete oxidation of glucose result from the
electron transfer chain.
FALSE
Some of the ATP come from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Section: 07.04
Topic: ATP Yield
55. The citric acid cycle turns once for each original glucose molecule.
FALSE
Because each original glucose molecule is broken into two pyruvate molecules, the citric acid
cycle turns twice for each original glucose molecule.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-27
56. Pyruvate can be converted to lactate instead of going to the preparatory reaction. Why
does this occur?
A. The cells need lactate to produce ATP.
B. There is no sunlight.
C. The cells doing the reaction are prokaryotes.
D. Oxygen is not available.
E. There is a shortage of glucose.
Pyruvate is converted into lactate during fermentation, which occurs when oxygen is not
available.

Learning Outcome: 07.03.01 Explain how ATP can continue to be produced in the absence of oxygen.
Section: 07.03
Topic: Fermentation and Anaerobic Respiration
57. Which of the following statements about fermentation is not true?

A. Fermentation involves the citric acid cycle.
B. Fermentation does not require oxygen.
C. Fermentation can produce lactic acid.
D. Fermentation produces a net two ATP molecules.
E. Fermentation can produce alcohol.
Fermentation does not use the citric acid cycle.

Section: 07.03
7-28
58. Why is fermentation essential to humans?

A. It is the best reaction we can utilize to produce ATP.
B. It produces lactate, which is essential for humans.
C. It produces carbon dioxide, which is necessary for our cells.
D. It generates the NAD+ we need for metabolism.
E. It is essential when we need a rapid burst of energy.
Fermentation provides a rapid burst of ATP and thus muscle cells use fermentation when
working vigorously over a short period of time when oxygen is temporarily limited.

Learning Outcome: 07.03.02 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of fermentation.
Section: 07.03
59. Muscles undergo fermentation when

A. no oxygen is available.
B. no water is available.
C. no carbon dioxide is available.
D. no ATP is available.
E. no pyruvate is available.
Fermentation occurs when oxygen is not available.

Section: 07.03
7-29
60. Why do organisms without oxygen need to convert pyruvate to lactate?

A. in order to regenerate NAD+
B. because lactate is needed to produce ATP
C. because pyruvate is toxic to the cells
D. in order to use lactate in the citric acid cycle
E. because the conversion provides much more ATP for the cell
Pyruvate is reduced to lactate when oxygen is unavailable in order to regenerate NAD+ to be

used during glycolysis.

Section: 07.03
61. Fermentation is inefficient in using the energy found in food molecules and the resulting
alcohol can be toxic to the organism producing it. Which of the following is not a reason why
an organism would utilize fermentation?
A. If glucose levels are not high, there may be time to disperse the toxic alcohol waste.
B. The organism can survive short spells of anaerobic conditions and maintain growth and
reproduction.
C. Fermentation can provide a rapid burst of ATP since it does not have to go through the full
breakdown cycle.
D. Fermentation is the preferred process, even when oxygen is available.
E. For very small organisms, fermentation can be a simple process and is less complicated
than cellular respiration.
Fermentation is not preferred but is utilized only when oxygen is unavailable.

Section: 07.03
7-30
62. Which of the following is not a consequence of the lactate that results from fermentation
in the muscles?
A. It triggers ongoing heavier breathing to provide further oxygen for the muscles.
B. Much of the lactate is transported to the liver where it is converted to pyruvate.
C. Some lactate converted to pyruvate is converted back to glucose.
D. Some lactate converted to pyruvate is then completely broken down.
E. It is stored in muscle cells for later ATP production.
Lactate causes that muscle "burn" and is not stored in muscle cells.

Section: 07.03
63. Which of the following is not an example of fermentation used by organisms to produce
ATP?
A. bacterial cells producing lactate
B. bacterial cells producing alcohol
C. human cells producing lactate
D. human cells producing lactate
E. yeast cells producing alcohol
Humans do not produce alcohol from fermentation.

Section: 07.03
7-31
64. The only end product of alcoholic fermentation is the alcohol.

FALSE
Carbon dioxide is produced along with the alcohol.

Section: 07.03
65. Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells if oxygen is not available.

TRUE
Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate. Pyruvate can either be fermented if oxygen is not
available or enter the preparatory reaction if oxygen is available.

Section: 07.03
66. Fermentation is the process that allows bread to rise.

TRUE
Fermentation produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide produces bubbles
that cause bread to rise.

Section: 07.03
7-32
Short Answer Questions
67. List, in order, the stages of aerobic cellular respiration and indicate where they occur in
the cell.
Glycolysis is first and it occurs within the cytoplasm of the cell.

The preparatory reaction is second and it occurs within the matrix of the mitochondria.
The citric acid cycle is third and it occurs within the matrix of the mitochondria.
The electron transport chain is fourth and it occurs within the cristae of the mitochondria.
Bloom's Level: 6. Create

Section: 07.01
68. What are the correct outputs, during the citric acid cycle, from one molecule of glucose?
A. 6 NADH, 4 CO2, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2
B. 3 NADH, 2 CO2, ATP, FADH2
C. 2 acetyl - CoA & 2 CO2
D. 6 NADH, 2 CO2, 4 ATP, 6 FADH2
E. 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH, 2 ADH, and 4 ATP
The correct outputs, during the citric acid cycle from one molecule of glucose is 6 NADH, 4
CO2, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2. The glucose will split into two pyruvates, each of which will be
converted into acetyl CoA which then will go through the citric acid cycle. Two acetyl, CoA
& 2 CO2, are the end products of the preparatory reaction. Two pyruvates, 2 NADH, 2 ADH,
and 4 ATP are the end products of glycolysis.

chain.
Section: 07.04
7-33
69. What is the most likely reason that cellular respiration would shift from an aerobic state
into an anaerobic state?
A. The individual was exercising at a level beyond their capability and entered into oxygen
debt.
B. A smoker has developed emphysema and has decreased lung capacity.
C. The individual has had a stroke in the left hemisphere of their brain.
D. None of the answer choices could cause an individual to shift into an anaerobic state.
E. All of the answer choices are reasons that an individual could shift into an anaerobic state.
All of the choices are reasons that an individual could shift into an anaerobic state. Any
reason that decreases the amount of available oxygen can cause a shift into anaerobic
respiration.

Section: 07.03
70. List the inputs and outputs of glycolysis.
Inputs of glycolysis include: glucose, 2 NAD+, 2 ATP, and 4 ADP + 4 P.

Outputs of glycolysis include: 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH, 2 ADP, and 4 ATP.
The net gain of glycolysis is 2 ATP.

Learning Outcome: 07.02.02 Explain why ATP is both an input and output of glycolysis.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
7-34
71. What are the input requirements of glycolysis?

A. 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, glucose, and 4 ADP
B. 4 ATP, 2 NAD+, glucose, and 4 ADP
C. 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH, and 2 ADP
D. 2 ATP, 4 NAD+, glucose, and 4 ADP
E. 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, glucose, and 2 ADP
The inputs of glycolysis are 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, glucose, and 4 ADP. 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH,
and 2 ADP are the outputs of glycolysis. 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, glucose, and 2 ADP are the inputs
of glycolysis.

Section: 07.02
Topic: Glycolysis
72. Write out the overall equation for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

ADP + P = 36 - 38 ATP

Section: 07.01
7-35
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Test Bank For Inquiry Into Life 15th Edition

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank For Inquiry Into Life 15th Edition

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank for Inquiry into Life 15th Edition

Test Bank for Inquiry into Life 15th Edition

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Multiple Choice Questions

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze

2. Cellular respiration involves all of the following except

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

3. Which of the following is a substrate of cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration involves glucose + oxygen + ADP + P (substrates) going to carbon

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

4. Cellular respiration is an aerobic process. This means that it

An aerobic process is one that requires oxygen.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

5. How efficient is the breakdown of one glucose via cellular respiration?

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

7. Which molecules are the products of aerobic respiration?

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

8. Which molecules are the reactants or substrates for aerobic respiration?

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

9. Why is ATP used as the energy molecule of the cell?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

10. What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?

NAD+ is a coenzyme which functions as an electron carrier.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

True / False Questions

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

NAD+ does not provide energy for cellular respiration.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

14. Why is cellular respiration organized into four phases?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

15. What is the correct order of phases in cellular respiration?

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

16. Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvate molecules. It is an oxidation reaction

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

18. Where does glycolysis take place within the cell?

Glycolysis takes place within the cytoplasm.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

True / False Questions

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

If no oxygen is available, the end product of glycolysis is fermented. Glycolysis is only

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

21. The final product of glycolysis is oxygen.

The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

22. Why are two ATP needed to begin glycolysis?

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze

Glucose is a 6-carbon molecule. It is broken into two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

True / False Questions

25. There is a net gain of four ATPs as a result of glycolysis.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Multiple Choice Questions

26. Which of the following best defines substrate-level ATP synthesis?

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

27. The final products of glycolysis are