ATS NC II TRAINING SESSION

Objectives:
▪ Explain the common troubles of
differential system
▪ Identify the safety services of differential
system
 LESSON:
COMMON TROUBLES OF DIFFERENTIAL
SYSTEM
 INTRODUCTION
Did you know that when you go
around a corner the tires on either side of a
vehicle may spin at separate speeds to help
improve handling. This is able to occur thanks
to the use of front and rear differentials. If this
was not able to happen, excessive stress on
various parts will result in damages to your
vehicle.
 INTRODUCTION
This is exactly what will happen
to your car if the differential is having trouble
operating. This is why it is important to pay
attention to signs of differential trouble,
including the following.
MOST COMMON
PROBLEMS OF
DIFFERENTIAL
SYSTEM
 BEARING PROBLEMS
(HUMMING SOUND GETS
LOUDER WITH HIGHER SPEEDS
✔ Lift the vehicle.
✔ Put it in gear and spin the wheels at
approximately 50 km/hr.
✔ Use a stethoscope to listen for a
humming sound by the carrier bearings
and the pinion drive bearings.
 BEARING PROBLEMS
(HUMMING SOUND GETS
LOUDER WITH HIGHER SPEEDS
✔ Lift the vehicle.
✔ Put it in gear and spin the wheels at
approximately 50 km/hr.
✔ Use a stethoscope to listen for a
humming sound by the carrier bearings
and the pinion drive bearings.
 BEARING PROBLEMS
(HUMMING SOUND GETS
LOUDER WITH HIGHER SPEEDS
✔ Lift the vehicle.
✔ Put it in gear and spin the wheels at
approximately 50 km/hr.
✔ Use a stethoscope to listen for a
humming sound by the carrier bearings
and the pinion drive bearings.
 BEARING PROBLEMS
(HUMMING SOUND GETS
LOUDER WITH HIGHER
SPEEDS
Caution:
When using stethoscope to
listen for rear axle noise, stay away
from the spinning tires and axles.
 RING AND PINION
DRIVE GEAR
PROBLEMS
✔ Will show up as whining or howling noise
that changes when going from
acceleration to deceleration.
✔ Lack or low level of fluid which can
cause this problem.
 RING AND PINION
DRIVE GEAR
PROBLEMS
✔ Will show up as whining or howling noise
that changes when going from
acceleration to deceleration.
✔ Lack or low level of fluid which can
cause this problem.
 ❑ RING AND PINION DRIVE GEAR
PROBLEMS
✔ If the backlash (clearance) between the
meshing gear teeth of ring gear and
pinion drive gear is too much great, a
clunking sound can be produced,
especially when an manual transmission is
shifted into gear.
 RING AND PINION DRIVE GEAR
BACKLASH
It is refers to the amount of space
between the meshing teeth of the gears.
Backlash is needed to allow for the heat
expansion and lubrication.
Backlash should be between 0.005
– 0.008 inch (0.20 – 0.40 mm) on most
differential.
 RING AND PINION DRIVE
GEAR BACKLASH
Note:
Too little backlash will cause the
gears to jam and too much backlash
will cause gear noise (whirring, roaring
or chuckling)
 A. CHUCKLE NOISE
❑ A rattling noise that sounds like a stick in
the spokes of a bicycle wheel
❑ It is normally heard during coasting.
❑ It is frequency will change with vehicle
speed.
❑ It is usually caused by damaged gear
teeth
 A. CHUCKLE NOISE
A rattling noise that sounds like a stick
in the spokes of a bicycle wheel
It is normally heard during coasting.
It is frequency will change with vehicle
speed.
It is usually caused by damaged gear
teeth
 A. CHUCKLE NOISE
A rattling noise that sounds like a stick
in the spokes of a bicycle wheel
It is normally heard during coasting.
It is frequency will change with vehicle
speed.
It is usually caused by damaged gear
teeth
 A. CHUCKLE NOISE
A rattling noise that sounds like a stick
in the spokes of a bicycle wheel
It is normally heard during coasting.
It is frequency will change with vehicle
speed.
It is usually caused by damaged gear
teeth
 B. KNOCKING NOISE
Sounds similar to chuckle noise, but is
usually louder
Can occur in all driving phases
It is usually caused by gear tooth
damage on the drive side or loose ring
gear bolts.
 B. KNOCKING NOISE
Sounds similar to chuckle noise, but is
usually louder
Can occur in all driving phases
It is usually caused by gear tooth
damage on the drive side or loose ring
gear bolts.
 B. KNOCKING NOISE
Sounds similar to chuckle noise, but is
usually louder
Can occur in all driving phases
It is usually caused by gear tooth
damage on the drive side or loose ring
gear bolts.
 B. KNOCKING NOISE
Note:
Ring gear run-out should be less
than 0.002 inch (0.05 mm) as
measured by a dial indicator.
 B. KNOCKING NOISE
Note:
If the ring gear has been
remove from the differential case or if
a new ring gear is being installed,
always replace the ring gear bolts.
 HARD TO HANDLE

If you find that you are having a

difficult time going around a corner
you may want to have the differential
checked out. Handling can become
unpredictable if your car's differential
fails, which may lead to an accident.
 TIRE DAMAGES

If you notice strange damages

on the sidewall and outer tread of
your vehicle's tires, it may be caused
by failing differential components. This
is because the tires being forced to
spin at speeds that cause damage
while corning.
 SERVICING
DIFFERENTIAL
SYSTEM
 ❑ FLUID LEVEL CHECK
✔Make sure the proper fluid is being
used

Use SAE (Society of Automotive

Engineers) 140 or SAE 80W-90 hypoid
oil (distinct smell). And for heavy duty
is SAE 85W-140.
 ❑ FLUID LEVEL CHECK

✔ The vehicle must be level

✔ The axle assembly must be at normal
operating temperature
✔ The fluid level should be even with
the bottom of the fill plug opening.
 ❑ FLUID LEVEL CHECK

✔ The vehicle must be level

✔ The axle assembly must be at normal
operating temperature
✔ The fluid level should be even with
the bottom of the fill plug opening.
 ❑ FLUID LEVEL CHECK

✔ The vehicle must be level

✔ The axle assembly must be at normal
operating temperature
✔ The fluid level should be even with
the bottom of the fill plug opening.
 ❑ FLUID LEVEL CHECK

Note
Removing fill plug (mostly with
3/8” ratchet) insert finger; if you are
able to touch oil, level is good.
 REMOVING REAR AXLE
SHAFTS

Integral Carrier:
Remove the center pin; use a
magnet and remove the c-clips which
holding the axle shaft on the
side/spider gears and then you can
allow to remove the axle shafts
 REMOVING REAR AXLE
SHAFTS

Removable Carrier:
Remove the bolts holding the
axle flange at the drum/disc brake’s
backing plate and pull the axle shaft
using the shaft puller.
DONE……
THANK
YOU!!!