Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

1. Wendy randomly selects an integer from 1 to 99. Let A be the event that an even number is
selected and B be the event that a multiple of 3 is selected. Which of the following events has the
least number of possible outcomes?

A. AÇ B
B. A' Ç B
C. A Ç B'
D. A' Ç B ' □
(1 mark)

2. There are 5 yellow highlighters and 9 green highlighters in a box. 3 of the yellow highlighters and
5 of the green highlighters are made in Japan, and the rest are made in China. If two highlighters
are selected one by one at random from the box with replacement, find the probability that the
highlighters selected are yellow or made in China.

30
A.
196
81
B.
196
9
C.
14
11
D.
14
□
(1 mark)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

3. The following table shows the numbers of candidates getting levels 1 to 5, 5* and 5** in
Mathematics in a public examination this year.
Level 5** 5* 5 4 3 2 1
Number of candidates 860 2 540 5 030 15 000 13 740 14 250 8 180

Apart from the above, the results of 4 600 candidates are designated as ‘unclassified’. Suppose
there will be 70 620 candidates sitting for the public examination in Mathematics next year.
Estimate the total number of candidates getting levels 5* or 5** next year.

A. 3 400
B. 3 740
C. 6 420
D. 9 820 □
(1 mark)

4. Andrew has 6 keys and only 1 of them can open a locker. If he tries to open the locker with the
keys one by one without replacement at random, find the probability that he opens the locker in
more than 3 trials.

1
A.
6
1
B.
3
1
C.
2
2
D.
3
□
(1 mark)

5. There are 12 fixed points on a rectangular coordinate plane including A and B, and no three points
are collinear. If three points are selected at random to form a triangle, find the probability that AB
is one of the sides of the triangle formed.

1
A.
22
1
B.
6
10
C.
45
5
D.
6
□
(1 mark)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

6. An exercise consists of 6 level I questions, 8 level II questions and 4 level III questions. A teacher
selects 8 questions at random from the exercise as an assignment for the students. Given that at
least 3 level III questions are selected, find the probability that only 1 level I question is selected.

112
A.
2 431
30
B.
143
32
C.
143
48
D.
143
□
(1 mark)

7. To obtain a driving licence, a candidate has to pass the written test first and then the road test.
A candidate who fails the written test cannot sit for the road test. The probabilities for a candidate
passing the written test and the road test are 0.9 and 0.7 respectively. It is given that the results of
the tests are independent. Simon and Tim are going to sit for the tests for the driving licence.
(a) Find the probability that both of them obtain the driving licence in one attempt each. (2 marks)
(b) Find the probability that exactly one of them obtains the driving licence in one attempt each.
(2 marks)

Solution:
(a)

(b)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

8. In a group of tertiary students, each of them owns 1 bank account. The table below shows the
numbers of students who own their accounts with different banks.
Bank of
Country Bank Effective Bank New Trend Bank Super Bank
Hong Kong

Number
16 x 8 y 12
of students

A student from the group is selected at random. The probabilities of selecting a student who owns
3 1
an account with Effective Bank and New Trend Bank are and respectively.
10 4
(a) Find the values of x and y. (4 marks)
(b) 4 students close their accounts with Country Bank and open the accounts with New Trend
Bank. If a student from the group is selected at random, is the probability of selecting a
student who owns an account with Effective Bank or New Trend Bank greater than 0.6?
Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
Solution:
(a)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

(b)

9. It is given that 16 students study Mathematics Module 2 and 2 of them are absent today. If the
class teacher selects n students randomly from these 16 students, the probability that all selected
1
students are present today is less than . Find the least value of n. (4 marks)
4

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

10. A fair coin is tossed 4 times. Given that at least two heads are obtained, find the probabilities that
(a) all heads are obtained, (3 marks)
(b) two heads are obtained in the first two tosses. (2 marks)

Solution:
(a)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

(b)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

11. There are 5 red balls, 3 blue balls and 2 white balls in a bag. Two balls are drawn at random one by
one without replacement.
(a) Is the probability of getting two balls of the same colour greater than that of getting two balls
of different colours? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
(b) Given that two balls of different colours are drawn, find the probability that both the balls
drawn are not white. (2 marks)

Solution:
(a)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

(b)

END OF PAPER

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

1. n( A Ç B) = n (A multiple of 6)
= 16
n( A' Ç B) = n (An odd number and a multiple of 3)
= 17
n( A Ç B ' ) = n (An even number and not a multiple of 3)
= 33
n( A' Ç B ' ) = n (An odd number and not a multiple of 3)
= 33
\ The answer is A. 1A
(1)

2. Total number of highlighters = 5 + 9

= 14
Number of highlighters made in China = (5 - 3) + (9 - 5)
=6
P(Two highlighters selected are yellow or made in China)
= [P(A highlighter selected is yellow or made in China)]2
2
æ5+ 6- 2ö
=ç ÷
è 14 ø
81
=
196
\ The answer is B. 1A
(1)

3. Total number of candidates this year

= 860 + 2 540 + 5 030 + 15 000 + 13 740 + 14 250 + 8 180 + 4 600
= 64 200
n(Levels 5* or 5**) = 860 + 2 540
= 3 400
3 400
\ P(Levels 5* or 5**) =
64 200
17
=
321

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

Estimated total number of candidates getting levels 5* or 5** next year

17
= 70 620 ´
321
= 3 740
\ The answer is B. 1A
(1)

4. Let Ai be the event that Andrew can open the locker in the i th trial, where i = 1, 2, 3.
P(More than 3 trials) = P(Cannot open the locker in the first 3 trials)
= P( A1 ' Ç A2 ' Ç A3 ' )
= P( A1 ' ) ´ P( A2 ' | A1 ' ) ´ P( A3 ' | A1 ' Ç A2 ' )
5 4 3
= ´ ´
6 5 4
1
=
2
\ The answer is C. 1A
(1)

10
5. Required probability =
C312
1
=
22
\ The answer is A. 1A
(1)

6. P(Only 1 level I question | at least 3 level III questions)

P(Only 1 level I question and at least 3 level III questions)
=
P(At least 3 level III questions)
C16C48C34 + C16C38C44
C818
= C5 C3 + C414C44
14 4

C818

C16C48C34 + C16C38C44
=
C514C34 + C414C44
32
=
143
\ The answer is C. 1A
(1)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

7. (a) Let W be the event that a candidate passes the written test,
R be the event that a candidate passes the road test.
P(A candidate obtains the driving licence) = P(W Ç R)
= P(W ) ´ P( R)
= 0.9 ´ 0.7
= 0.63
P(Both of them obtain the driving licence) = 0.632 1M
= 0.396 9 1A
(2)
(b) P(Exactly one of them obtains the driving licence)
= P(W Ç R) ´ [1 - P(W Ç R)] + [1 - P(W Ç R)] ´ P(W Ç R)
= 0.63 ´ (1 - 0.63) ´ 2 1M
= 0.466 2 1A
(2)

8. (a) Let S be the sample space.

n( S ) = 16 + x + 8 + y + 12
= x + y + 36
3
P(Effective Bank) =
10
x 3
= 1M
x + y + 36 10
10 x = 3x + 3 y + 108
7 x - 3 y = 108 .................... (1)
1
P(New Trend Bank) =
4
y 1
=
x + y + 36 4
4 y = x + y + 36
x - 3 y = -36 ................. (2)
(1) - (2), 6 x = 144 1M
x = 24 1A

Substitute x = 24 into (2),

24 - 3 y = -36
3 y = 60
y = 20 1A
(4)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

24 + (20 + 4)
(b) P(Effective Bank or New Trend Bank) = 1M
24 + 20 + 36
= 0.6
\ The probability of selecting a student who owns an account with
Effective Bank or New Trend Bank is not greater than 0.6. 1A
(2)

1
9. P(All selected students are present today) <
4
Cn14 1
< 1M
Cn16 4
14 !
(14 - n ) ! n ! 1
<
16 !
(16 - n ) ! n !
4
(16 - n)(15 - n) 1
<
16 ´ 15 4
240 - 31n + n 2 < 60
n 2 - 31n + 180 < 0
æ 31 - 241 ö æ 31 + 241 ö
çn - ÷çn - ÷<0 1M
ç 2 ÷ç 2 ÷
è øè ø
31 - 241 31 + 241
\ <n< 1M
2 2
\ The least value of n is 8. 1A
(4)

10. (a) Let Ai be the event that a head is obtained at the i th toss, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4.
P(At least two heads)
= 1 - P(No heads) - P(Exactly one head)
= 1 - P( A1 ' Ç A2 ' Ç A3 ' Ç A4 ' ) - [ P( A1 Ç A2 ' Ç A3 ' Ç A4 ' ) + P( A1 ' Ç A2 Ç A3 ' Ç A4 ' )
+ P( A1 ' Ç A2 ' Ç A3 Ç A4 ' ) + P( A1 ' Ç A2 ' Ç A3 ' Ç A4 )]
= 1 - P( A1 ' ) ´ P( A2 ' ) ´ P( A3 ' ) ´ P( A4 ' ) - [ P( A1 ) ´ P( A2 ' ) ´ P( A3 ' ) ´ P( A4 ' )
+ P( A1 ' ) ´ P( A2 ) ´ P( A3 ' ) ´ P( A4 ' ) + P( A1 ' ) ´ P( A2 ' ) ´ P( A3 ) ´ P( A4 ' )
+ P( A1 ' ) ´ P( A2 ' ) ´ P( A3 ' ) ´ P( A4 )]
4
æ1ö 1 1 1 1
=1- ç ÷ - ´ ´ ´ ´ 4 1M
è2ø 2 2 2 2
11
=
16

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

P(All heads)
P(All heads | at least two heads) =
P(At least two heads)
P( A1 Ç A2 Ç A3 Ç A4 )
= 11
16

P( A1 ) ´ P( A2 ) ´ P( A3 ) ´ P( A4 )
= 11
16

( 12 ) 4
= 11
1M
16

1
= 1A
11
(3)

(b) P(Two heads in the first two tosses and at least two heads)
= P( A1 Ç A2 )
= P( A1 ) ´ P( A2 )
2
æ1ö
=ç ÷
è2ø
1
=
4
P(Two heads in the first two tosses | at least two heads)
P(Two heads in the first two tosses and at least two heads)
=
P(At least two heads)
1
= 4
11
1M
16

4
= 1A
11
(2)

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Effective Learning Mathematics Chapter Quiz | S5A Chapter 6

11. (a) Let Ri be the event that the i th ball drawn is red,
Bi be the event that the i th ball drawn is blue,
Wi be the event that the i th ball drawn is white,
where i = 1, 2.
Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 3 + 2
= 10
P(Same colour) = P( R1 Ç R2 ) + P( B1 Ç B2 ) + P(W1 Ç W2 )
= P( R1 ) ´ P( R2 | R1 ) + P( B1 ) ´ P( B2 | B1 ) + P(W1 ) ´ P(W2 | W1 )
5 4 3 2 2 1
= ´ + ´ + ´ 1M
10 9 10 9 10 9
14
=
45
P(Different colours) = 1 - P(Same colour)
14
= 1- 1M
45
31
=
45
14
>
45
\ The probability of getting two balls of the same colour is not greater than
that of getting two balls of different colours. 1A
(3)

(b) P(Both not white | different colours)

P(Both not white and different colours)
=
P(Different colours)
P( R1 Ç B2 ) + P( B1 Ç R2 )
= 31
45

P( R1 ) ´ P( B2 | R1 ) + P( B1 ) ´ P( R2 | B1 )
= 31
45
5
´ 93 + 103 ´ 95
= 10
31
1M
45
15
= 1A
31
(2)

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