ǺȖșȎț ȀȎȟȖȸ

ǾȎȒȜȵȘȜ DZȎȥȓȐȖȸ
DZǾǮǺǮȀǶǸǮ ǿǾǽǿǸǼDZ ǧdzǵǶǸǮ
 ȁȞȓȒțȖȤȖ
ǺȖșȜȦ ǧȓȐʟȖȸ
ǻȓțȎʥ ǽȓȞȖȦȖȸ

ǺȖșȎț ȀȎȟȖȸ

      
 Миан Тасић
Радојко Гачевић

Граматика
СРПСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА

ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ    
УВОДНА РЕЧ

ȁȥȓȷȓ ȑȞȎȚȎȠȖȘȓ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ ȟȐȓȒȓțȜ ȵȓ ȡ țȎȵȐȓȸȜȵ ȚȓȞȖ țȎ ȜȟțȜȐ 

țȡ ȦȘȜșȡ Ƞȓ ȟȡ ȟȓ ȠȐȜȞȤȖ țȎȟȠȎȐțȖȣ ȝșȎțȜȐȎ Ȗ ȝȞȜȑȞȎȚȎ ȝȜȠȞȡȒȖșȖ

ȒȎ ȕȑȡȞȎȵȡ ȡ ȠȖȣ ȜȟȎȚ ȑȜȒȖțȎ ȦȘȜșȜȐȎȷȎ ȟȘȜȞȜ ȟȐȓ ȦȠȜ ȟȡ ȚȜȑșȖ țȓ
ȐȜȒȓȸȖ ȞȎȥȡțȎ țȖ Ȝ ȡȕȞȎȟȠȡ țȖ Ȝ ȟȠȐȎȞțȖȚ ȝȜȠȞȓȏȎȚȎ ȵȓȒțȜȑ ȜȒȞȎ 

ȟșȜȑ ȝȖȟȚȓțȜȑ ȥȜȐȓȘȎ ǼȟțȜȐțȖȚ ȑȞȎȚȎȠȖȥȘȖȚ ȝȞȎȐȖșȖȚȎ ȝȜȟȐȓȸȖ

 

ȐȎșȜ ȟȓ ȡ țȎȟȠȎȐȖ ȐȞșȜ ȚȎșȜ ȝȎȔȷȓ Ȏ ȖțȟȖȟȠȖȞȎșȜ ȟȓ țȎ ȖȕȡȕȓȤȖȚȎ

Ȗ ȠȕȐ ȑȞȎțȖȥțȖȚ ȝȞȖȚȓȞȖȚȎ ȡ ȘȜȵȖȚȎ țȖȵȓȒțȎ ȝȎ țȖ țȎȦȎ ȑȞȎȚȎ
 

ȠȖȘȎ țȓ ȜȟȘȡȒȓȐȎ Ǽ ȠȜȚȓ ȟȐȓȒȜȥȓ Ȗ țȓȘȎȒȎȦȷȖ ȝȞȖȵȓȚțȖ ȖȟȝȖȠȖ ȕȎ



ȟȞȓȒȷȓ ȦȘȜșȓ ȘȜȵȖ ȟȡ ȡ ȚțȜȑȜ ȥȓȚȡ ȏȖșȖ ȠȓȔȖ ȜȒ ȝȞȖȵȓȚțȖȣ ȖȟȝȖȠȎ

ȕȎ ȢȖșȜșȜȦȘȓ ȢȎȘȡșȠȓȠȓ ȦȠȜ ȵȓ ȎȝȟȡȞȒ ȏȓȕ ȝȞȓȟȓȒȎțȎ DZȜȠȜȐȜ ȒȎ țȓ
 

ȚȎ ȖȟȝȖȠțȜȑ ȝȖȠȎȷȎ ȡ ȠȖȚ ȠȓȟȠȜȐȖȚȎ ȟ ȝȞȖȚȓȞȜȚ ȘȜȵȖ ȵȓ ȜȥȖȑșȓȒȎț

ȠȎȘȜ ȒȎ ȟȡ ȒȓȤȎ ȏȖșȎ ȝȞȖȚȜȞȎțȎ ȒȎ ȟȎȐșȎȒȎȵȡ țȎ ȒȓȟȓȠȖțȓ ȖȕȡȕȓȠȎ 

ȘȎ ȒȎ ȡȥȓ ȜțȜ ȦȠȜ țȖ ȵȓȕȖȥȘȖ ȟȠȞȡȥȷȎȤȖ țȖȟȡ ȖȕȚȓȯȡ ȟȓȏȓ ȒȜȐȜȶțȜ

ȞȎȕȵȎȟțȖșȖ ȜȟȠȎȵȡȸȖ ȠȎȘȜ ȡȟȘȞȎȸȓțȖ ȕȎ ȒȜȏȞȜ ȜȐșȎȒȎȐȎȷȓ ȜțȖȚ ȦȠȜ
ȵȓ țȎȵȏȖȠțȖȵȓ ȜȟțȜȐțȖȚ ȝȞȎȐȖșȖȚȎ ǮȘȜ ȠȜȚȓ ȒȜȒȎȚȜ Ȗ ȟȖȠȡȎȤȖȵȡ
 

ȡ ȒȎțȎȦȷȖȚ ȚȓȒȖȵȖȚȎ ȟ ȞȓȒȎȘȤȖȵȎȚȎ ȏȓȕ șȓȘȠȜȞȎ ȘȜȵȖ ȟȡ ȡȐȓȘ

  

ȏȖșȖ ȡȕȜȞ ȘȜȵȖ ȟȓ ȟșȓȒȖ ȵȎȟțȜ ȵȓ ȕȏȜȑ ȥȓȑȎ țȎȚ ȵȓȕȖȥȘȎ ȘȡșȠȡȞȎ țȖȵȓ


țȎ ȕȎȐȖȒțȜȚ țȖȐȜȡ 

ȄȖȶ ȜȐȓ ȑȞȎȚȎȠȖȘȓ ȵȓ ȡȝȞȎȐȜ ȒȎ ȝȞȡȔȖ ȕțȎȷȎ țȓȜȝȣȜȒțȎ ȜȏȞȎ 

ȕȜȐȎțȜȚ ȥȜȐȓȘȡ ȘȜȵȖ ȔȓșȖ ȟȐȜȵȡ ȵȓȕȖȥȘȡ ȘȡșȠȡȞȡ ȒȎ ȝȜȒȖȑțȓ țȎ ȐȖȦȖ

țȖȐȜ ǵȏȜȑ ȠȜȑȎ ȵȓ ȜțȎ șȖȦȓțȎ ȚțȜȑȖȣ ȑȞȎȚȎȠȖȥȘȖȣ ȟȠȞȡȘȠȡȞȎ ȘȜȵȓ


ȟȓ ȖțȎȥȓ ȟȞȓȸȡ ȡ țȎȡȥțȖȚ ȘȷȖȑȎȚȎ ȜȐȜȑ ȠȖȝȎ ǶȝȎȘ ȒȎșȓȘȜ ȜȒ ȠȜȑȎ



ȒȎ ȎȡȠȜȞȖ țȖȟȡ țȎȟȠȜȵȎșȖ ȒȎ ȡ ȜȐȡ ȘȷȖȑȡ ȡȑȞȎȒȓ țȎȵțȜȐȖȵȎ țȎȡȥțȎ

ȟȎȕțȎȷȎ țȎȟȠȜȵȓȸȖ ȵȓȒȖțȜ ȒȎ Ȗȣ ȖȕșȜȔȓ țȎ țȎȥȖț ȘȜȵȖ ȸȓ ȏȖȠȖ ȞȎ 

ȕȡȚȶȖȐ Ȗ ȜțȖȚȎ ȘȜȵȖ țȓȚȎȵȡ ȢȜȞȚȎșțȜ șȖțȑȐȖȟȠȖȥȘȜ ȜȏȞȎȕȜȐȎȷȓ 

ǮȡʟȜȞȖ


 РАЗВОЈ
СРПСКОГ
ЈЕЗИКА И ПИСМА


ПОЧЕЦИ С3ОВЕНСКЕ ПИСМЕНОСТИ

ǿȞȝȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ ȝȞȖȝȎȒȎ ȖțʥȜȓȐȞȜʠȟȘȜȵ ʠȜȞȜʥȖȤȖ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ ȘȜȵȎ ȵȓ țȎȟȠȎ 

șȎ ȜȒ ȵȓȒțȜȑ ȕȎȵȓȒțȖȥȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ ʠȞȎȖțʥȜȓȐȞȜʠȟȘȜʞ ǽȜ țȖȕȡ ȞȓȥȖ

 

ȘȜȵȓ ȟȡ ȝȜȟȠȎșȓ ȜȒ ȕȎȵȓȒțȖȥȘȜȑ ȘȜȞȓțȎ ȘȎȜ Ȗ ȝȜ ȚțȜȑȖȚ ȜȏșȖȤȖȚȎ

ȞȓȥȖ ȟȖțȠȎȘȟȖ Ȗ ȎȘȤȓțȠȡ ȚȜȔȓȚȜ ȕȎȘȶȡȥȖȠȖ ȒȎ ȟȡ ȚțȜȑȖ ȖțȒȜȓ 

ȐȞȜȝȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ Țȓȯȡ ȟȜȏȜȚ ȟȞȜȒțȖ ȎșȖ Ȗ ȒȎ ȟȡ ȡ ȟȞȜȒȟȠȐȡ ȟ țȓȘȖȚ

ȎȕȖȵȟȘȖȚ Ȗ ȖțȒȖȵȟȘȖȚ ȵȓȕȖȤȖȚȎ ǿȐȖ ȠȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ ȒȓȜ ȟȓȡ ȐȓșȖȘȓ ȖțʥȜȓ



ȐȞȜʠȟȘȓ ȵȓȕȖȥȘȓ ȕȎȵȓʥțȖȤȓ ȘȜȵȎ ȥȖțȖ ȐȖȦȓ ȵȓȕȖȥȘȖȣ ȝȜȞȜȒȖȤȎ ȖțʥȖȵ 



ȟȘȎ ȖȞȎțȟȘȎ ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȎ ȘȓșʟȟȘȎ ʞȓȞȚȎțȟȘȎ ȞȜȚȎțȟȘȎ 

ǿșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ ȞȎȕȐȖșȖ ȟȡ ȟȓ Ȗȕ ȵȓȒțȜȑ ȕȎȵȓȒțȖȥȘȜȑ ȝȞȎȵȓȕȖ 

ȘȎ ȝȞȎȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ Dzȓșȓ ȟȓ ȡ ȠȞȖ ȐȓșȖȘȓ ȑȞȡȝȓ ȕȎʠȎʥțȜ

  


ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȡ ȖȟʟȜȥțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȡ Ȗ ȵȡȔțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȡ 

ǿȀǮǾǶ ǿǹǼǰdzǻǶ
ȝȞȎȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ

ǵȎȝȎȒțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ǶȟȠȜȥțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ
ȵȓȕȖȤȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ
 ȝȜȶȟȘȖ  ȞȡȟȘȖ
 ȥȓȦȘȖ ǧȡȔțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ  ȡȘȞȎȵȖțȟȘȖ
 ȟșȜȐȎȥȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ  ȏȓșȜȞȡȟȘȖ
șȡȔȖȥȘȜ ȟȞȝȟȘȖ
ȟȞȝȟȘȖ
 

 ȣȞȐȎȠȟȘȖ
 ȟșȜȐȓțȎȥȘȖ
 ȚȎȘȓȒȜțȟȘȖ
 ȏȡȑȎȞȟȘȖ
 ȟȠȎȞȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ


 ȁ ȵȡȔțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȓ ȵȓȕȖȘȓ țȖȟȡ ȟȐȞȟȠȎțȖ ȵȓȕȖȤȖ țȎȟȠȎșȖ ȝȜȟșȓ  

ȞȎȟȝȎȒȎ ȏȖȐȦȓ ǿȂǾǧ ȏȜȦȷȎȥȘȖ Ȗ ȜȒțȓȒȎȐțȜ ȤȞțȜȑȜȞȟȘȖ ȵȓȞ ȵȓ Ȟȓȥ

ȟȎȚȜ Ȝ ȐȎȞȖȵȎțȠȎȚȎ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ DzȞȡȑȎȥȖȵȓ ȟȓ ȝȜȟȠȡȝȖșȜ ȟ ȣȞȐȎȠ  

ȟȘȖȚ ȵȓȕȖȘȜȚ ȖȎȘȜ Ȗ ȕȎ ȠȜ ȝȜȟȠȜȵȓ ȜȝȞȎȐȒȎțȎ ȟȝȜȞȓȷȎ ȡ șȖțȑȐȖ   

ȟȠȖȥȘȜȵ țȎȡȤȖ ǻȎȖȚȓ ȖȕȚȓȯȡ ȦȠȜȘȎȐȎȤȎ țȎ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȚ Ȗ ȣȞȐȎȠȟȘȜȚ



ȑȜȐȜȞțȜȚ ȝȜȒȞȡȥȵȡ ȒȎșȓȘȜ ȵȓ ȐȖȦȓ ȖȒȓțȠȖȥțȜȟȠȖ țȓȑȜ ȞȎȕșȖȘȎ 

ǻȎ ǯȎșȘȎțȟȘȜ ȝȜșȡȜȟȠȞȐȜ ȝȞȓȚȎ ȝȜȒȎȤȖȚȎ ȘȜȵȖȚȎ ȒȎțȎȟ ȞȎȟȝȜ 

șȎȔȓȚȜ ǧȡȔțȖ ǿșȜȐȓțȖ ȟȡ ȟȓ ȒȜȟȓșȖșȖ ȡ Ȗ ȐȓȘȡ ! " ! " " 

ǯȖșȖ ȟȡ ȚțȜȑȜȏȜȦȤȖ Ȗ țȖȟȡ ȖȚȎșȖ ȟȐȜȵȓ ȝȖȟȚȜ ǻȖȟȡ ȕțȎșȖ țȖ 

ȵȓȕȖȘ ȟȡȟȓȒȎ șȎȠȖțȟȘȖ ȑȞȥȘȖ

  

ȁ ȐȓȘȡ ǾȎȟȠȖȟșȎȐ Șțȓȕ ǰȓșȖȘȓ ǺȜȞȎȐȟȘȓ ȕȎȠȞȎȔȖȜ ȵȓ ȜȒ ȐȖ

" # 

ȕȎțȠȖȵȟȘȜȑ ȤȎȞȎ ǺȖȣȎȖșȎ ȒȎ Țȡ ȝȜȦȎȶȓ ȡȥȖȠȓȶȎ Ȗ ȓȝȖȟȘȜȝȎ ȘȜȵȖ

ȏȖ ȷȓȑȜȐȜȚ țȎȞȜȒȡ ȣȞȖȦȸȎțȟȠȐȜ ȝȞȜȝȜȐȓȒȎȜ țȎ ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜȚ ȵȓȕȖȘȡ 

DZȜȒȖțȓ ȤȎȞ ǺȖȣȎȖșȜ

$ % & ȝȜȟșȎȜ ȵȓ ȏȞȎȸȡ ǪȖȞȖșȎ Ȗ ǺȓʟȜ
 " " "


ʥȖȵȎ ȡȥȓțȓ DZȞȘȓ Ȗȕ ǿȜșȡțȎ ȘȜȵȖ ȟȡ ȕțȎșȖ ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ DzȎ ȏȖ 

ȝȞȓȐȜȒȖșȖ ȘȷȖȑȓ ȟȎ ȑȞȥȘȜȑ ǪȖȞȖșȜ ȵȓ ȟȠȐȜȞȖȜ ȝȞȐȜ ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜ ȝȖ 

ȟȚȜ DZǹǮDZǼǨǶȄȁ ȖȚȓ ȵȓ ȒȜȏȖșȎ ȝȜ ȤȞȘȐȓțȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜȚ ȑșȎȑȜșȡ

 

 ȑșȎȑȜșȎȠȖ ȦȠȜ ȕțȎȥȖ ȑȜȐȜȞȖȠȖ  

ǺȖȟșȖ ȟȓ ȒȎ ȟȡ ȷȖȣȜȐȖ ȡȥȓțȖȤȖ ǸșȖȚȓțȠ ǽȞȓȟșȎȐȟȘȖ Ȗ ǻȎȡȚ

ǼȣȞȖȒȟȘȖ țȎ ȜȟțȜȐȡ ȑȞȥȘȜȑ ȎșȢȎȏȓȠȎ ȟȎȥȖțȖșȖ ȒȞȡȑȜ ȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜ
ȝȖȟȚȜ ȘȜȵȓ ȟȡ ȡ ȥȎȟȠ ȟȐȜȑȎ ȡȥȖȠȓȶȎ țȎȕȐȎșȖ ǪǶǾǶǹǶȄǮ  

ǿȞȏȖ ȟȡ ȟ ȝȞȖȣȐȎȠȎȷȓȚ ȣȞȖȦȸȎțȟȠȐȎ ȝȞȖȚȖșȖ Ȗ ȟȠȎȞȜȟșȜȐȓț 

ȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ ȘȎȜ ȘȷȖȔȓȐțȖ ȁ ȜȐȎȵ ȵȓȕȖȘ ȜțȖ ȟȡ ȡțȜȟȖșȖ ȓșȓȚȓțȠȓ ȟȐȜȑ


ȵȓȕȖȘȎ ȝȎ ȵȓ ȠȎȘȜ țȎȟȠȎșȎ ȟȞȝȟȘȎ ȞȓȒȎȘȤȖȵȎ ȟȠȎȞȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ

ȖșȖ ȟȞʠȟȘȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ ǼȒ ȘȞȎȵȎ ȐȓȘȎ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ
 # " "

ȏȖȜ ȵȓ ȘȷȖȔȓȐțȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ ǿȞȏȎ 

ǻȖȵȓ ȏȖșȜ ȦȠȎȚȝȎȞȖȵȎ ȝȎ ȟȡ ȤȞȘȐȓțȓ ȘȷȖȑȓ ȝȞȓȝȖȟȖȐȎțȓ ȞȡȘȜȚ 

ǻȎȵȝȜȕțȎȠȖȵȓ ȒȓșȜ ȟȎȥȡȐȎțȜ țȎ ȜȐȜȚ ȵȓȕȖȘȡ ȵȓ ǺȖȞȜȟșȎȐȶȓȐȜ

ȵȓȐȎțȯȓȶȓ țȎȝȖȟȎțȜ ȘȞȎȵȓȚ ȐȓȘȎ Ȏ țȎȵȕțȎȥȎȵțȖȵȖ ȝȞȎȐțȖ ȒȜ # " " 

ȘȡȚȓțȠ Ȗȕ ȠȜȑ ȐȞȓȚȓțȎ ȵȓ DzȡȦȎțȜȐ ȕȎȘȜțȖȘ   & ' (  

DzȜșȎȟȘȜȚ ȀȡȞȎȘȎ Ȗ ȝȎȒȜȚ ȟȞȝȟȘȖȣ ȒȞȔȎȐȎ ȝȜȒ ȠȡȞȟȘȡ ȐșȎȟȠ ȡ

# ! ȐȓȘȡ ȝȞȓȘȖțȡȠ ȵȓ ȘȡșȠȡȞțȖ ȞȎȕȐȜȵ ǿȞȏȎ Ȗ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȟșȜȐȓțȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖ 

ȘȎ ȘȎȜ ȘȷȖȔȓȐțȜȑ 

 
САДРЖАЈ

³Žƒ „—.................................................................................................................. 5

РАЗВОЈ СРПСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА И ПИСМА

¯Ž—„–ˆ ‘‹Ž„‘Š„ ˆ‘Œ„Ž‘’ˆ................................................................................... 9

¢“Š ‘’„”Žˆß ŠÊˆß .......................................................................................... 12
°„”ŽŒ ߈ˆ‹ˆ–„ ˆ ƒ  ‚Œ’ˆ–ˆ ˆ „—ˆŠ“................................................ 12
±Š“ÈɄ Žƒˆ• “ŒŽ’Žˆ........................................................................... 13
¢“ŠŽˆ „—ˆ ....................................................................................................... 14
R‡ŽÇ ‘‘ŠŽ‚ DŽ‡ˆŠ ˆ ˆ‘Œ.................................................................................... 15
­“Š Ž DŽ‡ˆŠ“ ........................................................................................................... 16
®‘Ž„ DŽƒˆˆ–„ DŽ‡ˆ—ŠŽ‚ ‘ˆ‘’„Œ......................................................................... 16

ФОНЕТИКА Г3АСОВИ, Г3АСОВНЕ ПРОМЕНЕ И АКЦЕНАТ

£ŽŽˆ Ž‚ˆ ......................................................................................................... 21
£‹‘Žˆ ...................................................................................................................... 21
±ŒŽ‚‹‘ˆ–ˆ (ŽŠ‹ˆ).......................................................................................... 21
±“‚‹‘ˆ–ˆ (ŠŽ‘Ž’ˆ) ...................................................................................... 22
¯Žƒ„‹ ±³£â ±­©« Ž ‡“—Ž‘’ˆ............................................................................ 23
¯Žƒ„‹ ‘“‚‹‘ˆŠ Ž Œ„‘’“ ’Ž€„ (ˆ‡‚ŽŽ)......................................................... 23
¯Žƒ„‹ ‘“‚‹‘ˆŠ Ž —ˆ“ ’Ž€„ (ˆ‡‚ŽŽ)...................................................... 24
£‹‘Ž„ ŽŒ„„ .................................................................................................... 24
­„Ž‘’ŽÇŽ  ....................................................................................................... 24
݄ƒ—„É„ ‘“‚‹‘ˆŠ Ž ‡“—Ž‘’ˆ...................................................................... 25
®ƒ‘’“É Žƒ DŽƒ—„É Ž ‡“—Ž‘’ˆ................................................................. 26
¯‹’‹ˆ‡–ˆÇ ..................................................................................................... 26
±ˆ€ˆ‹ˆ‡–ˆÇ .................................................................................................... 28
ݎ’ŽɄ ............................................................................................................... 29
¯„‹‡Š ⠓ ® ...................................................................................................... 30
݄ƒ—„É„ ‘“‚‹‘ˆŠ Ž Œ„‘’“ ’Ž€„ (ˆ‡‚ŽŽ)................................................ 31
£“€È„É„ ‘“‚‹‘ˆŠ ............................................................................................... 31
±†ˆŒɄ ˆ ‘ˆŒˆ‹–ˆÇ ‘ŒŽ‚‹‘ˆŠ............................................................... 32
AŠ–„’ „—ˆ ............................................................................................................ 33
®‘Ž Š–„’‘Š ˆ‹ ............................................................................... 34

МОРФО3ОГИЈА, СИНТАКСА ПАДЕЖА, СИНТАКСА Г3АГО3СКИХ ОБ3ИКА

¢‘’„ „—ˆ ................................................................................................................ 39

¯ƒ„†ˆ ..................................................................................................................... 40
 ­ŽŒˆ’ˆ ............................................................................................................ 40
£„ˆ’ˆ ................................................................................................................. 40
¤’ˆ .................................................................................................................... 41
Š“‡’ˆ................................................................................................................ 42
¢ŽŠ’ˆ ................................................................................................................. 43
©‘’“Œ„’‹ ........................................................................................................ 43
⎊’ˆ ................................................................................................................. 44
©Œ„ˆ–„................................................................................................................... 45
¢‘’„ ˆŒ„ˆ– ...................................................................................................... 45
¯ŽŒ„ ˆŒ„ˆ– (ƒ„Š‹ˆ–ˆÇ).......................................................................... 46
¯ˆƒ„ˆ ................................................................................................................... 50
¢‘’„ ˆƒ„ ...................................................................................................... 50
¯ˆƒ„‘Šˆ ˆƒ ...................................................................................................... 51
¯ŽŒ„ ˆƒ„ ................................................................................................. 52
¯Ž„à„É„ ˆƒ„ ............................................................................................... 53
¨Œ„ˆ–„ ................................................................................................................. 55
©Œ„ˆ—Š„ ‡Œ„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................. 55
¯ˆƒ„‘Š„ ‡Œ„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................ 57
¡ŽÇ„ˆ .................................................................................................................... 61
®‘Žˆ €ŽÇ„ˆ .................................................................................................. 61
¨€ˆˆ €ŽÇ„ˆ .................................................................................................... 62
°„ƒˆ €ŽÇ„ˆ....................................................................................................... 63
£‹‚Ž‹ˆ...................................................................................................................... 64
£‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ Žƒ ........................................................................................................ 64
£‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ ˆƒ ........................................................................................................ 65
¯ŽŒ„ ‚‹‚Ž‹ ................................................................................................... 66
£‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ Ž€‹ˆ–ˆ .................................................................................................. 66
©”ˆˆ’ˆ............................................................................................................ 68
¯„‡„’ (‘ƒ˜É„ „Œ„) .................................................................................... 68
Žˆ‘’ („à˜É„ ‘˜„Ž „Œ„)...................................................................... 71
°ƒˆ ‚‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ ˆƒ„ .........................................................................................73
¯„”„Š’ (Ž˜‹Ž „Œ„) ..................................................................................... 74
©Œ„”„Š’ (Ž˜‹Ž „‘˜„Ž „Œ„).............................................................. 77
¯‹“‘ŠŒ„”„Š’ ............................................................................................... 78
´“’“ ˆ (€“ƒ“ß„ „Œ„) ....................................................................................79
´“’“ ƒ“‚ˆ ........................................................................................................... 80
©Œ„’ˆ (‡Ž„ƒˆ —ˆ) .............................................................................. 81
¯Ž’„–ˆÇ‹ (ŒŽ‚“ߍˆ —ˆ) ................................................................................. 83
£‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ ˆ‹Ž‚ ‘ƒ˜Éˆ ................................................................................... 83
£‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ ˆ‹Ž‚ Ž˜‹ˆ ...................................................................................... 84
²ˆ ‚‹‚Ž‹‘Šˆ ˆƒ„ ........................................................................................ 85
¯‘ˆ (’Ž ‘’Ʉ).............................................................................................. 87
 ¯ˆ‹Ž‡ˆ.................................................................................................................... 88
¯„ƒ‹Ž‡ˆ .................................................................................................................. 89
¢„‡ˆ–ˆ.................................................................................................................... 90
°„—–„ ........................................................................................................................ 91
³‡ˆ–ˆ ...................................................................................................................... 92

3ЕКСИКО3ОГИЈА И ГРАЂЕЊЕ РЕЧИ

ℊ‘ˆŠŽ‹Ž‚ˆÇ .......................................................................................................... 95
¨—„É„ „—ˆ........................................................................................................... 95
݄ƒŽ‡—„ „—ˆ ................................................................................................. 95
¢ˆ˜„‡—„ „—ˆ ................................................................................................. 95
µŽŒŽˆŒˆ ............................................................................................................. 95
±ˆŽˆŒˆ ............................................................................................................. 95
’ŽˆŒˆ .............................................................................................................. 96
µˆŽŠŽˆ‘’ˆ–ˆ ..................................................................................................... 96
¯„ÇŽ’ˆˆ............................................................................................................ 96
±‘’ ‹„Š‘ˆŠ„ ......................................................................................................... 96
¤ŽŒ߄ „—ˆ ......................................................................................................... 96
¯Ž‡njȄˆ–„ ...................................................................................................... 96
•ˆ‡Œˆ .............................................................................................................. 97
©‘’Žˆ‡Œˆ ............................................................................................................ 97
¤ˆÇ‹„Š’ˆ‡Œˆ ........................................................................................................ 97
²„Œˆˆ .................................................................................................................97
´‡„Ž‹Ž‚ˆ‡Œˆ ..................................................................................................... 97
£à„É„ „—ˆ ........................................................................................................... 98
©‡Žà„É„ ............................................................................................................. 98
±‹‚Ʉ ............................................................................................................... 101
«ŽŒ€ˆŽ ’Ž€ ........................................................................................... 101
²Ž€ „’ɄŒ .......................................................................................... 102

СИНТАКСА РЕЧЕНИЦЕ

¯„ƒˆŠ’‘Š ˆ ŠŽŒ“ˆŠ’ˆ „—„ˆ–................................................................ 105

¯„ƒˆŠ’‘Š „—„ˆ– ........................................................................................ 105
«ŽŒ“ˆŠ’ˆ „—„ˆ– .................................................................................... 105
±ˆ’‚Œ ................................................................................................................. 107
¯Ž‘’ „—„ˆ– .....................................................................................................109
±“€Ç„Š’ .............................................................................................................. 109
¯„ƒˆŠ’ .............................................................................................................. 110
’ˆ€“’ ................................................................................................................ 112
Ž‡ˆ–ˆÇ ............................................................................................................ 112
¯ˆ‹Ž˜Š„ Žƒ„ƒ€„ .............................................................................................. 113
±‹Ž†„ „—„ˆ– .................................................................................................. 115
¢‘’„ „‡ˆ‘Ž (Ž„ƒŽ) ‘‹Ž†„ˆ• „—„ˆ–...............................................115
±‘’„ „—„ˆ–„ .............................................................................................. 115
°‘’„ „—„ˆ–„ .............................................................................................. 116
±“Ž’„ „—„ˆ–„ .............................................................................................. 116
©‘ŠÈ“—„ „—„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................. 116
­„‡ˆ‘„ „—„ˆ–„.............................................................................................117
¢‘’„ ‡ˆ‘Ž‘‹Ž†„ˆ• „—„ˆ–........................................................................ 117
©‡ˆ—„ „—„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................... 117
®ƒŽ‘„ „—„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................... 118
¢„Œ„‘Š„ „—„ˆ–„ ........................................................................................... 119
¬„‘„ „—„ˆ–„ .................................................................................................. 119
­Œ„„ „—„ˆ–„ .............................................................................................. 120
³‡Ž—„ „—„ˆ–„ ................................................................................................ 120
³‘‹Ž„ „—„ˆ–„ ................................................................................................ 120
¯Ž‘‹„ƒˆ—„ „—„ˆ–„.......................................................................................... 121
¤Ž“‘„ „—„ˆ–„ ............................................................................................... 121
¯Ž„ƒ€„„ „—„ˆ–„ ........................................................................................... 121
®ƒŽ‘ˆ Œ„à“ ‡ˆ‘ˆŒ „—„ˆ–Œ.................................................................... 122
³Œ„’“’„ „—„ˆ–„............................................................................................... 122
±‹‚Ʉ „—„ˆ—ˆ• ƒ„‹Ž (ŠŽ‚“„–ˆÇ).......................................................... 123

−„’“ .............................................................................................................. 125

 ǺȖșȎț ȀȎȟȖȸ ǾȎȒȜȵȘȜ DZȎȥȓȐȖȸ )

DZȞȎȚȎʟȖȘȎ ȟȞʠȟȘȜʞ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ

ǶȕȒȎȐȎȥȖ
ǯȓȜʞȞȎʥȟȘȎ ȘȷȖʞȎ
ǺȖșȜȦȎ ǽȜȤȓȞȤȎ ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ * )

+ , - . - / / , 0 . ,

ǺȖȣȎȵșȎ ǯȎțȒȡȞȎ 1 2 ) ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ

ǵȎ ȖȕȒȎȐȎȥȓ
ǵȜȞȎț ǺȎȞȘȜȐȖȸ
ǻȓțȎȒ Ȗ ǿșȎȯȎțȎ ǽȓȞȖȦȖȸ
ȁȞȓȒțȖȤȖ
ǺȖșȜȦ ǧȓȐȠȖȸ
ǻȓțȎȒ ǽȓȞȖȦȖȸ
ǸȜȞȓȘȠȡȞȎ
DzȞȎȑȖȤȎ ǺȎȟșȎȸ
ǽșȎȟȚȎț
ǯȓȜʞȞȎʥȟȘȎ ȘȷȖʞȎ
ǺȖșȜȦȎ ǽȜȤȓȞȤȎ ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ * )

3 4 5 4 6

4 8 9  : ;  < =
> ?
  9 @ A B 9 B < C   9 D E
D  A

7 7

D ?
  9 @ A B 9 B < C   9 D E
D  A

7
F F F

ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ

E
8 8  E
G

7 7 7

ǺȖȣȎȵșȎ ǯȎțȒȡȞȎ 1 2

3 4

1 H * 2 * )

3 4

1 H * 2 2 )

3 4

1 H * 2 H

3 4 5

2 1 * H 1 1

4 8 9  : ; < A 9    A  E >  8 9  : D E
8 I  < =
> :
D  A

7 7 7 7

D :
D  A

7
F F F

ȆȠȎȚȝȎ
ǿȎȵțȜȟ ǻȜȐȖ ǿȎȒ J

ȀȖȞȎȔ
ȝȞȖȚȓȞȎȘȎ
6 6 6
K L M N

H O J O 2 J H * J 1 J *

6 6 5
K L M N

H O J O 2 J H * J * J *
 ǸȎȠȎșȜȑȖȕȎȤȖȵȎ ȡ ȝȡȏșȖȘȎȤȖȵȖ
4
K P

ǻȎȞȜȒțȎ ȏȖȏșȖȜȠȓȘȎ ǿȞȏȖȵȓ ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ )

D D 5 Q

O 2 1 1 2

ȀǮǿǶǪ ǺȖșȎț
6 6 4

) ) 2

DZȞȎȚȎȠȖȘȎ ȟȞȝȟȘȜȑ ȵȓȕȖȘȎ ǺȖșȎț ȀȎȟȖȸ

3

ǾȎȒȜȵȘȜ DZȎȥȓȐȖȸ ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ

D 4 ;
E
8 8  E ;
G

7 7 7

ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒȟȘȎ ȘȷȖȑȎ ǯȓȜȑȞȎȒ

R ;

G

ȟȠȞ ȠȎȏȓșȓ
E
8 8  E D 4 D ; I 5 E 8

7 7 S

ȀȖȞȎȔ ǯȖȏșȖȜȑȞȎȢȖȵȎ ȟȠȞ

D D 4 ; D 4 D

* 2

ǯǸ
6 4 4 6 4 6 4 R
K L M N

H O O 2 H * 1 *

6 4 4 6 4 5 4 R
K L M N G

H O O 2 H * * *

DZȎȥȓȐȖȸ ǾȎȒȜȵȘȜ ȎȡȠȜȞ

D 6 4

) T U ) *

ǿȞȝȟȘȖ ȵȓȕȖȘ DZȞȎȚȎȠȖȘȎ

9 4

V D 4 6
M K L L L W K X

O 2 O 2 2 O