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Experiment No. 11:

The Platyhelminthes
Class Trematodes
INTRODUCTION

Another class under the phylum Plathyhelminthes are the flukes. Trematodes or flukes appear as oval or
leaf-like in shape. All trematodes lay eggs which are characterized by the presence of an operculum, except
for human blood flukes which are non-operculated. Trematodes may also be classified as monociecious
(Lung, Liver and Intestinal flukes) or dioecious (Blood flukes).
Trematodes need body of water to complete their life cycle and require two intermediate hosts except for
the blood flukes that require only one.
Mode of transmission for these parasites may be through skin penetration (blood flukes) and ingestion of
contaminated food with the infective stage of the parasite.

At the end of the experiment, students should be able:

1. Identify and describe the diagnostic stages of these parasites.
2. Properly classify the trematodes and able to differentiate each.
3. Discuss the life cycles of these parasites so as to know how to prevent the transmission.
4. Identify the potentially successful methods for the epidemiologic control of the trematodes.

MATERIALS NEEDED

1. Charts
2. Atlas
3. Textbooks
4. Prepared slides
5. Microscope
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ILLUSTRATIONS AND DRAWINGS

Illustrate the life cycles of the following:

1. Schistosoma species

2. Paragonimus westermani

3. Fasciolopsis buski
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QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH

1. Comparison of Monoecious and Dioecious flukes.

Points of Differentiation Monoecious Dioecious

1. Type and number of Host

2. Infective Stage

3. Ova

4. Adults

5. Habitat
 Common Name of Mode of 1st Intermediate 2nd Intermediate
Diseases Causative Agent/s Infective Stage
Parasite Transmission Host Host

Paragonimiasis

Liver Rot
2. Complete the following table.

Chlonorchiasis

Echinotomiasis

Metacognimiasis

Fasciolopiasis

Fascioliasis
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 Common Name of
Causative Agents Disease/s Caused Infective Stage Mode of Transmission 1st Intermediate Host
Parasite

Schistosoma
japonicum
3. Fill in the table regarding the Blood Flukes.

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma
haematobium
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