1.

**Cell Types**:

- Prokaryotic cells: Simple, lacking a true nucleus (e.g., bacteria).

- Eukaryotic cells: Complex, with a true nucleus (e.g., animal and plant cells).

2. **Cell Structures**:

- **Cell Membrane**: Outer boundary, controls what enters and exits the cell.

- **Nucleus**: Contains DNA and controls cell activities.

- **Cytoplasm**: Gel-like substance where organelles are suspended.

- **Mitochondria**: Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP).

- **Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)**: Involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

- **Golgi Apparatus**: Modifies and packages proteins for transport.

- **Ribosomes**: Site of protein synthesis.

- **Lysosomes**: Contain enzymes for breaking down waste materials.

- **Vacuoles**: Store water and other substances.

- **Chloroplasts** (in plant cells): Site of photosynthesis.

- **Cell Wall** (in plant cells): Provides structural support.

3. **Cell Functions**:

- Reproduction (cell division).

- Energy production.

- Protein synthesis.

- Waste disposal.

- Transport of molecules.

4. **Cell Theory**:

- All living things are composed of cells.

- The cell is the basic functional unit of life.

- All cells come from pre-existing cells.

5. **Specialized Cells**:

- Different cell types have specific functions (e.g., red blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells).

6. **Cell Cycle**:

- The process of cell growth and division (interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis).

7. **Importance of Cells**:

- Cells are the building blocks of life and are essential for the survival of organisms.